The Temple of Heaven is regarded as one of the greatest architectural structures the world. Some environmental(环境的)artists and gardeners the temple as a place where people can talk to .In Beijing four imperial(皇帝的)temples were built the Ming and Qing dynasties. The of Heaven is the most of the four. The other three are the Altar(祭坛)of the in the north，the Altar of the Moon in the west，and the Altar the Sun in the east. All of them are still ，but the Temple of Heaven is the group of temple buildings of its kind in China，nearly four larger than the Forbidden City(紫禁城).
In the heaven－like structures，the designers made good of the colour，sound，figures of the circle and the square，and in its height. The combination(结合)of and garden helps to make it mysterious and magical. The temple's architecture has themes. One is on the earth while is in the heaven. The square－shaped palace fasting(斋戒)in the west of the temple appears like a Forbidden City in a smaller .
A．to B．for C．up D．in
A．describe B．distribute C．mention D．speak
A．space B．place C．heaven D．Hades
A．within B．during C．through D．according
A．Temple B．Church C．Mountain D．Market
A．impossible B．necessary C．important D．familiar
A．Moon B．Earth C．Sun D．planets
A．to B．above C．about D．of
A．sitting B．sleeping C．standing D．kneeling
A．largest B．larger C．heavier D．heaviest
A．time B．times C．o'clock D．years
A．owning B．having C．producing D．making
A．idea B．use C．mind D．need
A．changes B．moves C．corrects D．attends
A．family B．home C．building D．house
A．feel B．appear C．find D．see
A．three B．one C．four D．two
A．the other B．other C．another D．others
A．in B．with C．for D．to
A．height B．wide C．length D．size
阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The eyes are one of the most expressive instruments of body language. Keith, seventeen, from Montclair New Jersey, learned the hard way about one____the eyes can make. “I had a____who graded（打分）heavily on classroom discussion，”Keith says. “He seemed to have a strong ability to know just when I didn't have the____. I couldn't figure out how he could be so____. Then it dawned on(明白过来)me. ____I didn't know the answer, I would avoid looking at him. When I__46__know what to say, I always____straight back at him. From that moment on, I____myself to look at him in the eye，____I knew the work or not. That trick has saved me a lot of trouble.”
Many people including some policemen, believe eye contact(接触)is a good____of honesty. If someone can't look at you directly in the eye, then he or she is not playing____， they insist. After many experiments，____， a number of experts have found out that good liars(骗子)can make false eye contact.
Eye contact, though not a____sign of honesty, is a clear way to show interest in another person. When a person looks at you and____to do so, you know his____is placed on you. When he turns his head away, his mind is probably____. ____there are exceptions. A____person may have trouble making and keeping eye contact, no matter how interested he is in the other person. And certain____, such as the British and Germans, are much____oriented(适应)to eyeballtoeyeball contact than the French and Arabs.
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There are about fifteen hundred languages in the world.
But ______ a few of them are very ______. English is one of these. Many, many people use it, not only in England and the U. S. A, but in other parts of the world. About 200, 000, 000 speak it as their own language. It is difficult to say how many people are learning it as a ______ language. Many millions are _____ to do so.
Is it easy or difficult to learn English? Different people may have different ______. Have you ever _____ the ads of this kind in the newspapers or magazines?
“Learn English in six month, or your _____ back ...” “Easy and funny? Our records and tapes _____ you master your English in a month. _____ the first day your _____ will be excellent. Just send ...” Of course, it never ______ quite like this.
The only language that seems easy to learn is the mother tongue. We should ______ that we all learned our own language well when we were ______. If we could learn English in the same way, it would not seem so difficult. ______ what a small child does. He listens to what people say. He tries what he hears. When he is using the language, talking in it, and ______ in it all the time, just imagine how much ______ that gets!
So it is ______ to say that learning English is easy, because a good command of English ______upon a lot of practice. And practice needs great effort and ______ much time. Good teachers, records, tapes, books, and dictionaries will ______. But they cannot do the student’s work for him.
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阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Personally I think trains are exciting and romantic. I must that trains are not important means of transportation in the US, but I do have some with them.
When I was a child, growing up in a small town with very little , we used to go to the station to watch the passenger trains coming in. There was something about the steaming, roaring string of cars coming into view around the mountains, slowly growing larger and and finally crowds of strangers onto the platform.
I took my train trip when I was ten years old. I went with my elder sister to visit our cousins six hundred miles away. The train—so loud and violent on the outside—was and rocking inside. We were very excited, and as that was also our first time away from our parents, we felt somewhat frightened too. However, because I had so much, I was a little disappointed when I was finally one of the passengers I had for so long.
As a college student, I ride overnight train to my roommate’s hometown. We could never afford a , so we played cards, sang, ate, read and talked we finally fell uncomfortably asleep in the straight-backed seats.
My idea that trains are may come from the fact that my husband and I took the train on our honeymoon, spending extra money to eat in the dining car, and the window as the desert scenery slid past.
Now, when I make a trip, I always fly or drive, and are not a very important part of my life. , every time I hear the train whistle faraway on a quiet night, I can always feel the in my heart to pack my bags and jump on board, entering a world of motions, sounds, sights, and experience which just aren’t in the dull environment of an airplane.
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阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Joy to the World
Lights, decorations and Christmas trees filled the stores. Many people were there because Christmas was only two days away.
Thirteen-year-old Joy had just her Christmas shopping. She knew her parents, grandparents so well that finding them was a piece of cake.
Joy went out of the store and came across her classmate, Nick, the least student in school because he wore strange clothing and he had a face only a mother could love.
“What are you doing for Christmas?” said Nick with a smile that showed all his yellow teeth.
“I’m opening presents and having dinner with my ,” said Joy, trying to be polite. “What about you?”
“My parents are away,” he said. “I live with my uncle, who doesn’t like me very much.”
Joy wasn’t sure how to , so she said goodbye with an awkward smile. She felt sorry for Nick since he must feel . But that wasn’t really her problem.
On Christmas Eve, Joy’s family were busy around for the holiday. Joy’s parents were cooking in the kitchen. Joy was a child for holiday cheer, dancing the house.
After dinner, the family into their car and headed to church for the Christmas Eve service. When they walked into the old building, they were by the flow of beautiful songs. A man stood up with Bible and the story Joy had learned on her mother’s knee. It was about a baby named Jesus who came to live on Earth to help people who him.
Joy’s thoughts kept turning back to Nick. It must be to be lonely on Christmas, a day that celebrated God’s Son coming to Earth. Tears started to run down her , but she brushed them away.
Joy lay awake that night everyone else was sleeping like a baby. She was thinking ways to help Nick. As soon as she heard parents get up, she out of bed. She found them in the kitchen and told them about Nick. Then she asked, “Can we him over today?” “Sure,” said her mother, who was always happy when came. Her father smiled.
When Joy called Nick later that day, he was excited. After getting his uncle’s , he joined them for dinner. To her surprise, Joy enjoyed spending time with him.
Joy came to understand Christmas cheer is a joy to Nick, even to the whole world.
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It’s a high-risky, multibillion-dollar industry with tight deadlines, demanding customers and lives in danger.
The business is . And it’s booming.
The number of jobs for translators and interpreters doubled in the past 10 years while their wages steadily before, during and after the recession. During a period of stagnating (停滞的) wages across the labor market, the language-service industry with its 50,000 jobs is a spot in the jobs outlook.
Lillian Clementi is a French translator working in corporate communications from her home in Arlington, Massachusetts and is routinely on tight deadlines to hand in translated material. “The risks can be huge,” said Clementi, “There’s tons of pressure.”
In some cases, a(n) translation or interpretation is also vital. If a user’s guide for medical equipment is not translated well, it could lead to during an emergency. Soldiers in conflict areas require excellent interpreters to speak with community members. Any change of tone or context could put lives .
Translators’ and interpreters’ immunity (免疫力) to the nation’s economic downturn also the growing demand for people who can speak several languages in an increasingly globalized economy, experts said.
“Good translators who a particular subject and become really good at it can really make six-digit figures annually,” said Jiri Stejskal, spokesman for the American Translators Association.
Multinational corporations, U.S. demographic (人口的) changes and the Internet economy raise the need for translated and localized information. Companies increasingly want their content to the tongue of the town, even between dialects of the same language.
“As more people the worldwide economy, that’s going to drive more commerce, and that’s going to drive more language services,” said Bill Rivers, executive director of the National Council for Language and International Studies in the Washington region.
, qualifications for translators and interpreters are not as simple as they may seem. Speaking two languages does not mean a person can work in the language-service industry, experts said. Learning how to translate or interpret is a skill beyond knowing the language.
Furthermore, the most successful translators and interpreters maintain a , such as legal documents, quarterly earnings reports or a special knowledge of industry.
Technological advances may cut jobs in some industries, but online translation services like Google Translate raise demand for human translators and interpreters, experts said. Online sales companies also drive demand for translation.
A．tourism B．language C．technology D．economy
A．shrank B．changed C．grew D．remained
A．bright B．scenic C．historic D．tough
A．money B．peer C．blood D．time
A．proper B．quick C．direct D．innovative
A．disease B．depression C．violence D．confusion
A．in order B．at risk C．under control D．out of state
A．highlights B．understands C．increases D．resists
A．set up B．depend on C．specialize in D．object to
A．limited B．accustomed C．related D．tailored
A．agree with B．have access to C．are confident of D．insist on
A．Instead B．Therefore C．However D．Otherwise
A．separate B．genetic C．learnable D．worthwhile
A．certificate B．diploma C．strategy D．specialty
A．automatically B．respectively C．actually D．immediately
完形填空
When most people travel， they pick up all sorts of things: souvenirs， T-shirts， postcards and so on． However， Harry Loomer is ．When he travels， he leaves something behind， something of lasting value — his ．
Harry began donating blood at a college blood drive four decades ago． Since then， he has donated his blood ．Not once or twice a year， but every 56 days — as often as the law ．Even though he is now retired and .extensively， it has not slowed him down at all．
For people who need blood，Harry is a/an ．Since up to four people can _ from a single pint of blood， Harry Loomer， with a donation of 480 pints of blood， has played a big role in helping save hundreds of lives．
Connie Smith also gives blood regularly． She knows that donating blood requires little work and almost no while helping to save a life．“People need to know how vital it is to have blood on hand，” she says．“There is absolutely no for it．”
Connie is participating in a Red Cross programme designed to pair closely _ donors with people who need blood regularly because of long-term ．She is paired with a child who needs a pint of blood every two weeks．To ensure an adequate _ for this young patient，Connie and another donor donate their blood every 56 days．
“It’s not always ，” Connie admits，“but it’s more than worth it to know that I’m helping that precious child． I’m sure if other people know how vital blood donations are，they would be to sacrifice too．”
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America’s Beauty Is in Its Diversity
America is built on the idea of freedom, and there is no exception for Muslim women. I the freedom of religion and speech. But mostly, I believe it’s OK to be , and to stand up for who and what you are. So I believe in wearing the hijab.
The hijab is a religious head covering, like a scarf. I am Muslim, and keeping my head covered is a of maturity（成熟）and respect toward my and to Allah’s will. , I also like to wear it to be different. I don’t usually like to do what everyone else is doing. I want to be a(n) , not just part of the crowd. But when I first wore it, I was also afraid of the that I’d get at school.
I on my own that sixth grade was the I should start wearing the hijab. I was about what the kids would say or even do to me. I thought they might make fun of me, or be scared of me and my headscarf. Kids at that age usually like to be all the same, and there’s little or no of differences.
On the first day of school, I put all those thoughts behind my back and walked in with my head held high. I was holding my breath a little, but I was also proud to be a Muslim, proud to be wearing the hijab, proud to be different.
I was about everything I had thought the kids would say or even do to me. I actually met a lot of people because of wearing my head covering. Most of the kids would come and ask me questions — — about the hijab and why I wore it.
I did hear some kids were making fun of me, there was one girl----she wasn’t even in my class, and we never really talked much---and she spoke me, and I wasn’t even there! I made a lot of new friends that year, friends that I still have until this very day, five years later.
Yes, I’m different, but everyone is different here, in one way or another. This is the of America.
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【改编】
| A．independent | B．difficult | C．different | D．sensitive |
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【改编】
| A．wished | B．unexpected | C．realized | D．decided |
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【改编】
| A．outdoor | B．inside | C．actual | D．outside |
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【改编】
| A．and | B．for | C．but | D．or |
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I was born and raised in Minnesota, the USA, but as an adult I have mostly lived in Europe and Africa. I teach cross-cultural management at the International Business School near Paris. For the last 15 years, I’ve studied people in different parts of the world build trust, communicate and make decisions in the workplace.
While travelling in Tokyo recently with a Japanese , I gave a shorttalk to a group of 20 managers. , I asked whether there were any questions or comments. No went up, so I went to sit down. Mycolleague whispered to me, “I think there were some comments, Erin.Do you mind if I try?” I agreed, but I guessed it a waste of . He askedthe group again, “ Any comments or questions”.
Still, no one raised a hand, this time he looked very carefully at each person in the silent audience. Gesturing to one of them, he said, “ Do you have to add?” To my amazement, she “ Yes, thank you.” and asked me a very interesting question. My colleague repeated this several times the audience and asking for more questions or comments.
After the session, I asked my colleague, “ How did you that those people had questions?” He , not sure how to explain it, and then said, “ It has to do with how their eyes are.”
He continued, “In Japan, we don’t as much direct eye contact as you do in the west. So when you asked if there are any , most people were not looking directly at you. But a few people in the were looking right at you and their eyes were bright. That that they would be to have you call on them.
I thought to myself I would ever have learned from upbringing in Minnesota. Since then, I try to understanding behavior in other cultures I encounter, and keep finding the bright eyes in the room.
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A. let B. make C. take D get
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In the future, schools will teach at least one thing we do not teach today: the art of self-discovery. There is nothing more_____in education. We turn out students from our universities who know how to give answers, but not how to_____questions.
Our students do not really get into the centers of wisdom in our culture. They_____ universities with skills for the workplace, but with no knowledge of how to live, or what_____is for. They are not taught how to see. They are not taught how to listen. They are not taught the great_____of obedience（遵守、服从）.
They are not taught the true art of_____. True reading is not just passing our_____ over words on a page, or_____information, or even understanding what is being read. True reading is a_____act. It means seeing first, and then using the_____. Higher reading ought to be a new subject. As we read, we should try to get something new. I meet people in all_____ of life, and most known in the fields of literature and science, who, though professionals, do not_____read what is in front of them. They only read what is_____known to them. I suspect this is happening now, even as you read this_____.
All our innovations(革新), our discoveries, our_____come from one source: being able first to see what is there, and what is not; to hear what is said, and what is not; but also to think clearly.
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A land free from destruction，plus wealth，natural resources，and labor supply--all these were important______in helping England to become the center for the Industrial Revolution．______they were not enough．Something______was needed to start the industrial process．That“something special”was men--______individuals who could invent machines，find new______of power，and establish business organizations to reshape society．
The men who______the machines of the Industrial Revolution______from many backgrounds and many occupations．Many of them were______inventors than scientists．A man who is a______scientist is primarily interested in doing his research______．He is not necessarily working______that his findings can be used．
An inventor or one interested in applied science is______trying to make something that has a concrete use．He may try to solve a problem by______the theories ______science or by experimenting through trial and error．______of his method，he is working to obtain a______result：the construction of a harvesting machine，the burning of a light bulb，or one of many other objectives．
Most of the people who______the machines of the Industrial Revolution were inventors，not trained scientists．A few were both scientists and inventors．Even those who had_____or no training in science might not have made their inventions_____a groundwork had not been laid by scientists years_____．
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Do you know that body language accounts for over 90% of a convention? That's why communicating face to face is always better than a telephone conversation if you are trying to sell something!
Your body language will give others a general of you and it will also show your emotions. It's very difficult to make your body . It's easy to tell the difference between a smile of pleasure and a false smile. So if you understand body language codes (密码), it is usually possible to know what someone really , whatever they may be saying with .
Although much of our body language is universal, a lot is also . Culture codes vary from one country to another and they can misunderstandings. Even simple gestures may have a completely different meaning in other parts of the world. For example, the circle made with three raised fingers means " OK" in the United States. But it is not universal. In Brazil, Greece and Germany it is a gesture showing disrespect and in Japan it means "money"!
In many Asian cultures, it is not appropriate for men and women to touch in public. Therefore, displays of affection such as hands or kissing are not . In some parts of Asia, , it is common for people of the same sex to hold hands as a sign of .
Greetings vary according to the country and the sex of the people involved. In the west, it is appropriate to shake hands when you someone for the first time and both men and women can a handshake. In Indonesia, for example, a man will not offer a handshake to an Indonesian woman they are in a business situation.
If you want to avoid making mistakes when you travel to other countries, you should their basic cultures before you leave. If you do this, you are less likely to people.
A．namely B．particularly C．importantly D．practically
A．imagination B．description C．expression D．impression
A．lie B．talk C．act D．conduct
A．polite B．shy C．sincere D．ready
A．cares B．means C．shows D．considers
A．words B．examples C．feelings D．movements
A．exact B．foreign C．cultural D．similar
A．clear up B．cut down C．refer to D．lead to
A．sign B．mark C．shape D．figure
A．helpless B．rude C．dangerous D．casual
A．shaking B．touching C．raising D．holding
A．comfortable B．suitable C．acceptable D．reasonable
A．therefore B．otherwise C．however D．besides
A．friendship B．love C．admiration D．concern
A．know B．introduce C．approach D．meet
A．suggest B．start C．demand D．follow
A．unless B．until C．if D．while
A．surprising B．disappointing C．embarrassing D．laughing
A．experience B．develop C．respect D．understand
A．worry B．hurt C．affect D．Disturb
完型填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
Last year I went to America and stayed there with an American family for two months.
As is said, “The best house is in America, the best wife is in Japan, and the best food is in China.” So I pride and pleasure in “the best food” I for my American family. Each day, regardless of my poor skill of cooking, I would do something in a way: changing the dishes color, the meat’s type or the soup’s style. Thus, my American friends could discover the of eating Chinese food. Because of my “ ” job, I was often rewarded by their of thanks such as “very delicious”, “excellent”, etc.
something funny happened yesterday when I cooked Sichuan style fish for dinner. I was with my work.
When the whole family sat round the table, they first looked at the fish, then looked at me. “Why do all the fish only have their ?” they asked, “It’s terrible!”
or terrible? I can’t understand. But I do know that fish heads are delicious. The head is the part of fish; in only the important guest can have the of enjoying it.
Another thing is :the American friends often said to me “ ” as they home fruits or other things. According to Chinese tradition I would simply smile in answer to their kindness actually helping myself to any of the food. , I said “helping yourself” to them whenever I brought home fruits. Dear me! No matter how much or how often I brought home food, as long as it was nice to their taste, they hesitated to use their hands to “help themselves” until all was finished.
A．took B．shared C．held D．had
A．left B．fetched C．cooked D．bought
A．new B．simple C．same D．magic
A．importance B．joy C．trouble D．way
A．new B．daily C．hard D．good
A．smile B．flowers C．talk D．expressions
A．However B．But C．So D．And
A．surprised B．pleased C．strict D．proud
A．worriedly B．excitedly C．surprisedly D．happily
A．heads B．skins C．tails D．bones
A．Particular B．Bad C．Comfortable D．Beautiful
A．biggest B．best C．dearest D．lightest
A．the West B．China C．USA D．the East
A．ability B．safety C．chance D．honor
A．enjoyable B．exciting C．interesting D．common
A．dear me B．excuse me C．help yourself D．enjoy yourself
A．collected B．wanted C．bought D．brought
A．and B．but C．without D．not
A．In return B．Above all C．After all D．At last
A．never B．often C．always D．Usually
The cultures of the East and the West really distinguish each other a lot. This is because the culture systems are two ______ systems on the whole.
The ______ of the eastern cultures is mainly from two countries: China and India. Both of the two cultures are gestated by rivers. In China, the mother river is the Yellow River _____ the Indian one is the Hindu River. These two cultures were developed for several thousand years and formed their own _____. Then in Dang Dynasty of China, the Chinese culture _____ went overseas to Japan, _____ into the Japanese society and shaped the Japanese culture nowadays. Though a bit different from the Chinese one, it belongs to the same ______.
When the two mother rivers gave birth to the eastern culture, another famous culture was ______ on the Mesopotamian Plain ---- the Mesopotamian Civilization. This civilization later on developed into the cultures of the Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. And these two are well-known ______ the base of the European culture. Like the Chinese culture, the European one also ______ waters. When the colonists(殖民者) of England _____ in America, their culture went with them over the Atlantic Ocean. So the American culture doesn't _______ from the European one a lot.
At the same time, the difference of the language systems _______ the cultural differences. In the East, most languages belong to the pictographic language while the Western languages are mostly based on the Latin system, for example, the one I’m using to write this paper.
Other factors like human race difference counts as well. But what’s more, ______ the far distance and the steep areas between the East and West, the two cultures seldom communicate until recent centuries. So they grew up totally in their own ways with almost no _____ with the other.
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Anyone who has been a parent knows that raising children is a tough job. It is filled with as many difficult and moments as with moments of joy. Children don’t come with an instruction manual(说明书). And each child is . So parents sometimes feel , not knowing what to do.
But in raising children—as in all of life—what we do is by our culture. Naturally then, American parents teach their children basic American . To Americans, the goal of parents is to help children become . From childhood, each child may get his or her own room. As children grow, they get more to make their own choices. Teenagers choose their own forms of entertainment, as well as the friends to share them with. When they reach young adulthood, they their own jobs and marriage partners. Of course, many young adults seek their parents’ advice and approval for the choice they make. But once they “ the nest ” at around 18 to 21 years old, they want to be on their own, not tied to their mother’s apron strings (围裙带).
The between parents and children in America is very informal. American parents try to treat their children as individuals—not as of themselves. They them to achieve their own dreams . Americans praise and encourage their children to give them the to succeed. When children become adults, their relationship with their parents becomes more like a among equals. But contrary to popular belief, most adult Americans don’t make their parents pay for room and board when they come to visit. Even as adults, they respect and honor their parents.
A．delightful B．meaningful C．hopeful D．painful
A．strange B．different C．new D．similar
A．excited B．frightened C．puzzled D．surprised
A．influenced B．made C．controlled D．changed
A．services B．standards C．languages D．values
A．brave B．active C．independent D．optimistic
A．freedom B．space C．time D．money
A．love B．change C．design D．choose
A．still B．then C．thus D．therefore
A．build B．get C．enter D．leave
A．conversation B．relationship C．competition D．gap
A．friends B．children C．teenagers D．extensions
A．allow B．force C．forbid D．persuade
A．dependence B．trust C．belief D．confidence
A．friendship B．citizenship C．membership D．leadership
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