初中英语阅读理解

Look at this photo of my family. There are six people in my family. This woman is my mother. She is nice and looks so young.She is a policewoman(女警察). She works in a police station(警察局). She is a hero (英雄)in my heart(心). That man in the black coat is my father. He is a scientist(科学家). He works in an institute(研究院). He is very busy. Look at this lovely(可爱的) boy. It is my little brother. My grandma looks after him. She is a nurse. My grandpa is that man in the brown coat. My father looks like him. He is a teacher. Can you see me? I'm behind my brother. I have a happy family.
There are ________people in my family.

A．four	B．five
C．six	D．seven

________is a hero in my heart.

A．My father	B．My mother
C．My grandpa	D．My grandma

My father is a ________.

A．policeman	B．teacher
C．nurse	D．scientist

My grandma works ________.

A．in a hospital	B．in an institute
C．in a police station	D．in a school

My grandpa wears(穿着) a ________coat.

A．brown	B．black
C．red	D．green

When you watch TV and play video games you make global（全球的）warming worse! It may seem hard to believe, but when electricity is made, so are greenhouse gases（温室气体）. This means that every time you use electricity you help make global warming worse!
Cars are also making global warming worse. They burn fossil fuels（化石燃料）in their engines, and send lots of greenhouse gases into the air.2-1-c-n-j-y
Global warming may be a big problem, but we can all help stop it. People can try to drive their cars less. Or even get ones that run on sunlight! You can also help. Let’s try one of these top ideas:
（1）Try to use less electricity. Turn off lights, your television, and your computer when you’ve stopped using them. To make electricity, fossil fuels are burned in big factories. But burning fossil fuels also makes greenhouse gases. You should also try to watch less TV.
（2）Plant trees. Not only is it a fun thing to do, but it is also a great way to lower the number of greenhouse gases in the air. Trees take carbon dioxide out of the air when they grow.
（3）Don’t throw away your rubbish, try to recycle it. If rubbish is not recycled, it is put in the ground. There it rots（腐烂）and makes a greenhouse gas called methane（甲烷）.So try to recycle cans, bottles, plastic bags and newspapers. It’ll make you feel great! And it’ll help the Earth.
If we ___________, we may make global warming worse.

A．use less electricity	B．drive a car on sunlight
C．plant trees	D．throw away rubbish

We may use more electricity by______.

A．turning off lights	B．shutting down computers
C．turning up CD players	D．turning off TV

______ will make global warming worse.

A．Methane	B．Cans
C．Newspapers	D．Bottles

Which is the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage?

A．Driving cars on sunlight helps to stop global warming.

B．When cars burn fossil fuels, they produce greenhouse gases.

C．When trees grow, they send carbon dioxide into the air.

D．By planting more trees, we can lower the number of greenhouse gases in the air.

Scientists say they've developed a new system （系统）.It can use"machine learning" to predict when and where lightning （闪电）will strike （闪击）.The research was led by engineers from Switzerland.

   European researchers have estimated （ 估算）between 6，000 and 24，000 people are killed by lightning worldwide each year.The strikes can also cause power cuts，destroy houses and start forest fires.For these reasons，some climate scientists have studied to develop methods to predict and control lightning.But no system has been created to effectively predict lightning.

   The new system is being tested in the experiments （实验）.It used a combination of data （数据资料）from weather stations and machine learning methods.The researchers developed a prediction model.It was trained to tell weather conditions that were possible to cause lightning.

   The model was created with some data.The data was collected over a 12﹣year period from 12 Swiss weather stations in cities and mountain areas.The data related to（与……有关）four main surface conditions：air pressure，air temperature，relative humidity （相对湿度）and wind speed.

   The atmospheric （大气的）data was put into a machine learning algorithm （计算程序），which compared itto records of lightning strikes.Researchers say the algorithm was then able to learn the conditions under which lightning happens.

   Amirhossein Mostajabi is a PhD student who led the development of the new system.He said，"Common systems for collecting such data are slow and complex，and they require expensive collection equipment （设备）like radar or satellites （卫星）."

   "Our system uses data that can be gotten from any weather station，"Mostajabi said. "This will improve data collection in the areas which are not covered by radar and satellites or in places where communication systems have been cut，" he added.

（1）According to the passage，the strikes can't cause 　    　.

A．	power cuts
B．	earthquakes
C．	forest fires
D．	the death of people

（2）What does the underlined word"it" refer to in Paragraph 5？ 　    　

A．	The lightning strike.
B．	The system being tested.
C．	The machine learning algorithm.
D．	The atmospheric data.

（3）What do the last two paragraphs mainly tell us？ 　    　

A．	Where weather stations should be built.
B．	How the machine learning algorithm works.
C．	The advantages of the new system in data collection.
D．	The new system has effectively predicted lightning in faraway areas.

（4）Which of the following statements about the new system is TRUE？ 　    　

A．	Its prediction model has been tested for 12 years.
B．	It has been put into use in cities and mountain areas widely.
C．	The new system requires expensive collection equipment to collect data.
D．	It uses machine learning to predict the time and places of lightning strikes.

My favorite book is the Little Prince written by the French writer Antoine．The book tells about how children see the world． It's so interesting that I can't help reading it over and over again．

    The prince is kind and innocent （天真无邪的），so he doesn't understand why people want to have power， wealth and praises so much．He flew to different planets to find the answer， but finally he still had no idea． In fact， he also had his own problems． In the past， he fell in love with a red rose that was beautiful but vainglorious （自负的）． Later， he left the rose because of her vanity （自负）．On the earth，he made friends with a fox． They lived together for some time，but in the end he made up his mind to leave to find his rose． To his surprise，the rose was dead，and the planet was full of monkey bread trees．It's a pity that he lost his rose forever．

    In my opinion， I think he should value the friendship with the fox， because， after all， the rose was dead．The friendship is important as well．The story is about friendship，love and humanity（人性）．It's helpful for us students to think more about the world． So let's open it and take a great journey along with the little prince．

根据短文内容判断所给句子正（T）误（F）．

（1）The book the Little Prince was written by an English writer．　　

（2）The prince didn't find the answer to his problem at last．　　

（3）The prince left the rose because she was poor．　　

（4）The prince made friends with a snake on the earth and lived with her for some time．　　

（5）The story of the book is about friendship， love and humanity．　　

Robert was a boy of eight years old． One day， when he was doing cleaning at home． He thought he should move the box out of the house． The box made of wood was very heavy． And it was much bigger than he． He tried， but he could not move it． After resting for a short time， the boy started once more， but failed again． He couldn't even move it a bit． He felt very tired and hopeless．

Just then，his father came home from work and saw his son work hard． He didn't help Robert and asked， "Dear son， have you done your best？ And are you doing everything you can？"

" 　　" the boy cried．

"No， you're not． "his father said quietly， "You have not asked me to help you． Asking for help is not a weakness． At some point， even the strongest of us needs help． It is important to know when to ask for help and understand why you need it． Never be afraid to ask others for help when you're in trouble．

Robert nodded with a big smile．

（1）What did the boy want to move away？ 　　

A．	A stone．
B．	A box．
C．	A wood．
D．	A toy．

（2）Robert couldn't move it out because it was too 　　．

A．	heavy
B．	tall
C．	low
D．	high

（3）How did Robert feel after he tried again and again？ 　　

A．	He hoped he could move it sometime later．
B．	He thought he could ask for help．
C．	He felt very tired and hopeless．
D．	He became very proud of himself．

（4）Which of the following can be put in 　　in the seventh line of the article？

A．	I hardly did!
B．	Yes， I do!
C．	No． I am not!
D．	Yes， I am!

（5）What can be the best title of the passage？ 　　

A．	How to move a heavy thing away
B．	An interesting story about Robert
C．	Robert's hard work
D．	Learn to ask for help when needed

Students' Training Center
ENGLISH Time Mon， Thurs． & Fri 8：00am﹣10：00am Room：305 Teacher Mr Li Tel：[phone]	DRAWING Time： Mon， Thurs． &Sun． 8：00am﹣10：00am Room：406 Teacher： Miss Deng Tel：[phone]
COMPUTER Time： Tues， Wed．&Fri． 8：00 am.10：00 am 2：00 pm﹣4： 00 pm Room：608 Teacher： Mr， Hu Tel：[phone]	SWIMMING Time： Thurs， Sat．& Sun． 8：00 am﹣10：00 am 3 ：00 pm﹣5： 00 pm Place： Swimming pool Teachers： Miss Zhang &Mr， Song Tel：[phone]

（1）If Xiao Ming wants to learn how to use a computer， he can call the number 　　．

A．	68882305
B．	68882608
C．	68882406
D．	68882102

（2）Da Bao wants to learn drawing， then he must go to 　　．

A．	Room 305
B．	Room 406
C．	Room 608
D．	Room 604

（3）If you are free on Thursday afternoon， you can go to learn 　　．

A．	English
B．	drawing
C．	swimming
D．	Computer

（4）What time is Students' Training Center open every day？ 　　

A．	8：00am﹣10：00am
B．	2：00pm﹣400pm
C．	8：00am﹣5：00pm
D．	3：00am﹣500pm

（5）Which of the following is right？ 　　

A．	Miss Deng and Mr Zhang can teach you drawing．
B．	Mr Li and Miss Zhang can teach you English．
C．	Miss Zhang and Mr Hu can teach you how to swim．
D．	Mr Hu can teach you how to use a computer．

There is an old Chinese saying， （4）"If someone gives you a little drop of water， you should return a spring of water．"That means if someone helps you a bit， you should thank him a lot．

    We thank our parents． They work hard all the time in order to give us a better life． They give us food and clothes， and they teach us what is right and what is wrong． We are taken after well by them．

    We thank our teachers who give us drams．（5）对于老师来说，教育我们是不易的．They teach us a lot of things， but they ask for nothing from us． We are well﹣ educated by them．

    Meanwhile（同时），We even thank people who hurt us ，because they teach us important things． We thank people who give us up， because we learn how to be independent． We thank people who are selfish（自私的），because we learn the importance of being kind．

    There are a lot of people that we should thank in our life． We should express our thanks with actions， not just words． Then what action will you take to thank them？

根据短文内容用简要答语回答下面三个问题．

（1）Why should we thank people who give us up？

　　

（2）Can we express our thanks only with words in the writer's opinion？

　　

（3）What action will you take to thank your parents？ （Give an example）

　　

将短文中划线的两个句子翻译成中文或英文．

（4）　　

（5）　　

As we all know， the "rice bowl" culture of China has influenced some Asian countries such as Japan， Korea and Vietnam since we started to use chopsticks while eating food．

Chopsticks are usually two long thin pieces of wood or bamboo． They can also be made of plastic， animal bone or metal． （1） The most important thing is that chopsticks are agreatinvention inChina．

Five thousand years ago people usually cooked their food in large pots， using twigs（小树枝）to remove it． （2） 　　the population grew， people began cutting food into small pieces． （4） Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs by people．And twigs were gradually changed into chopsticks．

Some people think that the famous scholar Confucius living from about 551 BC to 479 BC pushed the development of chopsticks． Confucius believed that using chopsticks instead of knives would remind people to stay away from killing and violence at table．

We enjoy our delicious food with our family members or friends while feeling the peaceful and people﹣loving world by using chopsticks at table anytime．

（1）请将（1）处下划线的句子译成中文： 　　

（2）在（2）空处填入一个使语意连贯的连词： 　　

（3）What materials can be used to make chopsticks？ 　　

（4）请将（4）处被动语态的句子转化为主动语态的句子． 　　

（5）What is a possible title for this passage？ 　　

For many years， sales of garlic in California had been little because of the much cheaper garlic from China． This year， however， California garlic sales are rising because American government increases tariffs（关税）on Chinese products．

Christopher， a garlic grower in California， is manager of his company and he said， "In a perfect world， we would love to see the tariffs on China．"

Tariffs on Chinese garlic rose from 10% to 25% on May 9，2019，and the reason is that U．S President Donald Trump increased tariffs on Chinese products worth of ＄200 billion． Since then， Chinese buyers have almost stopped buying soybeans from the United States and American soybean farmers are now getting worried．

Not everyone likes the garlic tariffs in the U．S． Last July Christopher expressed his support on Trump's policy（政策）． However， officials from McCormick and Company Inc． didn't agree with the policy． McCormick's CEO， Lawrence told Reuters（路透社）that without Chinese garlic America can't go． Actually ，the trade war（贸易战）between China and America is a sign of American hegemony（霸权），and itwill destroy American economy and U．S government will lose its trust from other countries in the world．

（1）From the passage we infer（推理）that 　　．

A．	America is buying garlic from China as much as before
B．	American soybean farmers make money as much as before
C．	China is still buying crops from America as much as before
D．	Garlic growers in California are making more money than before

（2）Why is less Chinese garlic bought by America this year？ 　　

A．	Because enough garlic is grown in California．
B．	Because American government has increased tax（税收）on Chinese garlic．
C．	Because China is not buying soybeans from America．
D．	Because companies support American government．

（3）What does the underlined word "it" in the last paragraph refer to？ 　　

A．	China
B．	the trade
C．	American hegemony
D．	a sign

（4）How much tariff did American government increase on Chinese garlic On May 9，2019？_ 　

A．	15%
B．	25%
C．	10%
D．	35%

（5）According to the passage， who disagrees with the America policy of having tariffs on Chinese products？ 　　

A．	Christopher
B．	Donald Trump
C．	California garlic growers
D．	Lawrence

Life in Outer Space

Chinese taikonauts Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu carried out the Shenzhou-13 spaceflight mission （任务） that started on Oct. 15, 2021. This mission lasts 6 months, which was also a national record. Zhai is the commander （指令长） who performed China’s first spacewalk in the Shenzhou-7 mission in 2008. Wang, who was in the Shenzhou-10 mission in 2013, is the first Chinese woman astronaut to visit China’s space station. Ye is a new comer to space.

The trio had carried out two spacewalks and completed more than 20 scientific tasks. Besides their tasks, they had also given two live lectures from the space station, showing the students their living and working areas at the Tianhe core module and several scientific experiments under zero-gravity conditions and answering real-time questions from students.

The trio also became the first Chinese to spend the nation’s most important festival — the Chinese Lunar New Year — in outer space.

They returned to Earth on April 16, 2022 and made Shenzhou-13 mission a great success.

阅读以上新闻稿，根据其内容回答其后各个小题。

（1）How long was the mission that was carried out by the taikonauts?

A．

13 months.

B．

10 months.

C．

7 months.

D．

6 months.

（2）What does the underlined “ trio ” probably mean?

A．

A group of two.

B．

A group of three.

C．

A group of four.

D．

A group of five.

（3）Which paragraph tells us what the taikonauts had mainly done in this mission in space?

A．

Paragraph 1.

B．

Paragraph 2.

C．

Paragraph 3.

D．

Paragraph 4.

（4）What would be the most suitable to replace ＿＿＿＿＿ in the picture?

A．	Commander Zhai held a pair of couplets and wished the Chinese people good health.
B．	Wang, with a red balloon in hand, wished children across the country healthy growth.
C．	Ye held a sticker with the Chinese character “ fu, ” and wished the Chinese people a happy Lunar New Year.
D．	The taikonauts have put up red lanterns, Chinese knots and paper-cut craft to celebrate the Chinese New Year.

（5）Which of the following is NOT true?

A．	All the three taikonauts had been to the space before.	B．	Zhai Zhigang is a commander.
C．	The trio gave two live lectures from the space station.	D．	They returned to earth in mid-April.

Can plants talk？Modern research has found something amazing：they do communicate with each other.

It has been known for some time that plants use chemicals to communicate with each other.This happens when a plant gets attacked by insects.The plant gives out chemicals from the leaves that are being eaten.This is like a warning，or a call for help："I'm being attacked!"When another plant gets the chemicals，it starts to give out its own，different chemicals.Some of these chemicals drive insects away.Others attract the wasps （黄蜂；蜜蜂）!The wasps kill the insects that are eating the plants.Scientists hope to learn more about this plant warning system，so that we can use it to grow more crops.

     More surprisingly，plants also use sound to communicate.People can't hear these sounds，but plants are making them.Some plants make noises with their roots.Corn and chili plants do this.Some trees make clicking noises when there is not enough water.

     Most surprisingly of all，plants have an amazing system of communication that can link nearly every plant in a forest.Scientists call this system the "wood wide web".The wood wide web is linked underground by fungi （霉菌）.It links the roots of different plants to each other.It is in some ways similar to the Internet we use.Using the wood wide web，plants can share information and even food with each other.However，it may lead to bad effects.Plants may use it to steal food from each other，or spread chemicals to attack other plants.Perhaps one day scientists will learn how to create a "firewall" to help prevent these attacks within the wood wide web.

    Scientists are learning more every day about the secret ways in which plants talk to each other.Maybe one day we will know enough about plant communication to be able to "talk" with them ourselves.

（1）What will plants do when they are attacked by insects？ 　　

A.They will kill the insects by themselves.

B.They will control the wasps to kill the insects.

C.They will send out signals to ask for help.

D.They will produce chemicals as a warning or a call for help.

（2）How are the wood wide web linked by fungi？ 　 　

A.By making noises with their roots.

B.By connecting the roots of different plants to each other.

C.By sharing food and information with each other.

D.By spreading chemicals to each other.

（3）What is the writer's intention of the last paragraph？ 　　

A.To give people hope for further studies.

B.To praise scientists for their great achievements.

C.To call on people to protect the plants on Earth.

D.To inspire people to communicate with plants.

（4）What is the structure of the passage？ 　 　

A.

B.

C.

D.

（5）Which is the best title for the passage？ 　　

A.The Secret Language of Plants

B.The Study about the Plant Warning System

C.The Plants that Give Warnings

D.Why Scientists Do Research about Plants

Some people say life is like crossing a river； （1）　　

    I think our life is much like climbing a mountain． Each year we have a new mountain to climb．To reach our goals， we work hard to make progress day after day． （2）　　We can complain （抱怨） about how unfair it is to climb a new mountain every day． Or， we can just make ourselves busy．

    Sometimes， we fall over． Here we also have another choice． （3）　　Or， we can stand on our feet and begin climbing that mountain again．

    If we reach the goal for this year， we start from zero to reach the goal for next year． We shouldn't spend the rest of our lives looking at where we used to be． （4）　　

    Many people will waste time worrying， "Can I reach my final goal？" or "Is it worth doing"？（5）　　The question is， "Can I take the next step in the right direction？"

    Take one step at a time， and pay attention to tomorrow's step today．

A．Here we have a choice． B．That is not the question． C．Instead， we should look ahead． D．These questions are really important． E．Some say it is like climbing a mountain． F．We can stop and complain about what progress we have lost．

On April 26， 2017， a big Chinese ship caught the eyes of the whole world． China's first homemade aircraft carrier（航空母舰）hit the water in Dalian， Liaoning．

The new big ship is China's second aircraft carrier． It was designed in China and built in China， too． It is about 315 meters long and 75 meters wide． That is a bit larger than three soccer fields．

An aircraft carrier is like an airport on the sea． It can carry planes and troops to war． Planes fly from the carrier and land back on it， and soldiers work and live on it， too． But building an    An aircraft carrier is like an airport on the sea． It can carry planes and troops to war． Planes fly from the carrier and land back on it， and soldiers work and live on it， too． But building an aircraft carrier is so hard and expensive． It costs a lot of money and needs a large amount of steel and other special materials． For example， a basic aircraft carrier is made of 60，000 tons of steel． It also uses complex（复杂的）technologies， including radar， electrics， mechanics and weapons． Finally， it takes years to build one． Today， not many countries own an aircraft carrier or have the ability to build one． China has become the seventh country in the world that can build an aircraft carrier by itself， after the USA， Russia， England， France， Italy and Spain．

（1）In which year did China's first homemade aircraft carrier hit the water？ 　　

A．	In 2017．
B．	In 2016．
C．	In 2018．
D．	In 2019．

（2）What's the best title of this passage？ 　　

A．	An Airport on the Sea
B．	China Has Bought the Second Aircraft Carrier
C．	China's Homemade Aircraft Carrier
D．	The Sixth Country to Build an Aircraft Carver

（3）What is not needed to build the aircraft carrier？ 　　

A．	special materials
B．	technologies
C．	steel
D．	wood

（4）How many aircraft carriers does China have according to the passage？ 　　

A．	one
B．	two
C．	three
D．	four

（5）How does the writer feel about the homemade aircraft carrier in China？ 　　

A．	proud
B．	worried
C．	upset
D．	hopeless

"Today I will give you a special test，" said the English teacher with a smile on his face．

All the students sat up straight and waited for the test to begin． The teacher began to give the test papers to all the students． After he finished handing out the test papers， he asked them to begin．

The students were very surprised to see that there was not a question but a black dot（圆点）in the center of the paper． The teacher noticed the students' surprise and said， "I want you to write about what you see there．" At the end of the class， the teacher took all the students' answer sheets and read the answers． All of them described the black dot． After reading all the answers， the teacher said， "Here everyone only paid attention to the black dot， but no one wrote about the white paper．" The whole class listened silently， because they were afraid to fail in the exam． Then the teacher said， "Don't worry about your marks for this test． I just want you to think about our life． The white paper is like our whole life and the black dot in the center of the paper represents（代表）problems in our daily life"．

Our life is a gift given to us by God， with love and care． However， we just pay attention to the problems like illness and poverty， and never see happy things in our life． So we should try to solve our problems and enjoy each moment life gives us．

（1）What was in the center of the paper？ 　　

A．	a white dot
B．	a black dot
C．	a question
D．	a gift

（2）Which of the following is wrong about the test？ 　　

A．	There was a black dot in the center of the papers．
B．	Nobody paid attention to the black dot．
C．	Students should not just care about their marks．
D．	The students were very surprised when they saw the papers．

（3）What did the teacher mainly want to tell his students？ 　　

A．	Our life is a gift given to us by God．
B．	The black dot doesn't mean any problem in our life．
C．	Don't worry about the marks for the test．
D．	We should solve our problems and enjoy each moment in life．

（4）What's the Chinese meaning of the underlined word "poverty" in the last paragraph？ 　　

A．	污染
B．	富有
C．	贫穷
D．	保险

（5）Which is the right order of the story？ 　　

①The teacher read all the answers．

②The teacher asked his students not to worry about their marks．

③The teacher wanted his students to think about life．

④The teacher began to hand out the test papers．

A．	④①②③
B．	①②③④
C．	④①③②
D．	③②①④

Teens will finally grow up some day， leaving their parents and facing the challenges in life alone， so they should learn basic life skills and form good working habits．

    The government has been trying to pay attention to the importance of hardworking spirit education（劳动教育）．But this has been overlooked in recent years． Many teens do not value the importance of working hard． There is a teenager girl named Nancy， she never helps out around the house． Once her mother was on vacation for a week，leaving her alone at home． When her mother came home from vacation ，she could not find a clean dish or a clean shirt．

    Schools play an important role in teaching students about the value of working hard．Primary and middle schools should provide students with hardworking spirit courses every week． To our joy，some schools have provided each class with a piece of field to plant their favorite vegetables． For example， No.38 Middle School in Hefei， set up a 500﹣square﹣meter farm on an open platform （露天平台）of their teaching building． Each class are asked to grow and pick vegetables there．

    Parents should also encourage children to learn how to do chores at home． Teens should master one or two life skills every year．These skills can include cooking， washing their own clothes and tiding their rooms． The basic skills may help teens to solve the problems they will meet in the future．

（1）What does the underlined word "overlooked "mean in Chinese？　　

A．强调．

B．忽视．

C．珍惜．

（2）The writer gives the example of Nancy in the second paragraph to show　　

A．Nancy is too busy to help out around the house．

B．Mancy teens do not value the importance of working hard．

C．Nancy's parents don't want her to help with chores at home．

（3）Which is not the life skill for students according to the passage？　　

A．Playing computer games．

B．Washing clothes．

C．Cooking．

（4）Which of the following is NOT true？　　

A．Schools should teach students the value of working hard．

B．Parents should encourage their children to do chores at home．

C．The government never pays attention to hardworking spirit education．

（5）What is the title of the passage？　　

A．Family education．

B．School education．

C．Hardworking spirit education．