初中英语阅读理解

1988年至1990年，一个名为“人口危机委员会”的组织对世界上100个大城市进行了调查。请根据下面12个主要大城市的调查表回答问题。

	Population (million)	(%)of income spent on food	Persons per room	(%)of houses with water and electricity	Telephones per 100 people	(%)of children in high school
Tokyo	28.7	18	0.9	100	44	97
Mexico City	19.4	41	1.9	94	6	62
New York	17.4	16	0.5	99	56	95
Sao Paulo	17.2	50	0.8	100	16	67
Osaka	16.8	18	0.6	98	42	97
Seoul	15.8	34	2.0	100	22	90
Moscow	13.2	33	1.3	100	39	100
Bombay	12.9	57	4.2	85	5	49
Calcutta	12.8	60	3.0	57	2	49
Buenos Aires	12.4	40	1.3	86	14	51
Los Angeles	11.5	12	0.5	94	35	90
London	11.0	24	0.6	100	50	58

Of the following cities, people live in ______spend least of their income food.
A. Mexico City B. Buenos Aires C. Calcutta
Which city has the most people?
A. New York B. Moscow C. Tokyo
The number of the students studying in high schools in Tokyo out of 100 students is the same as that of___________.
A. Seoul B. Sao Paulo C. Osaka
In which city do all the houses have water and electricity?
A. London B. Los Angeles C. New York
According to the passage, which sentence is true?
A.It is the most difficult for people in Calcutta to make a phone call.
B.The people in London have the less room for each person than those in Osaka.
C.The cities above are all in Asia.

Hundreds of years ago, life was much harder than it is today. People didn’t have modern machines. There was no modern medicine, either.
Life today has brought new problems. One of the biggest is pollution. Water pollution has made our rivers and lakes dirty. It kills our fish and pollutes our drinking water. Noise pollution makes us talk louder and become angry more easily. Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution. It’s bad to all living things in the world.
Cars, planes and factories all pollute our air every day. Sometimes the polluted air is so thick that it is like a quilt over a city. This kind of quilt is called smog(烟雾).
Many countries are making rules to flight pollution. Factories must now clean their water before it is thrown away, and they mustn’t blow dirty smoke into the air.
We need to do many other things. We can put waste things in the dustbin and do not throw them on the ground, there will be less pollution.
Rules are not enough. Every person must help to fight pollution.
Hundreds of years ago, life was much harder than it is today because ______.
A. people did not have any modern machines
B. there was no modern medicine
C. both A and B
What is the biggest problem in today’s life?
A. pollution
B. Air pollution
C. Water Pollution
The most serious kind of pollution is ______.
A. noise pollution
B. air pollution
C. water pollution
Factories must clean their water ______.
A. after it is thrown away
B. when they are thrown away
C. before it is thrown away
From the passage we know that ______.
A. a few years ago, there was no smog at all
B. people are making rules in order to fight pollution
C. we can drink water from the polluted rivers and lakes

阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。（共6分，每小题2分）
There are many interesting holidays in the United States. In fact，there are holidays in almost every month. Take January for example. The first day of January is New Year’s Day. Like the Chinese people，American people also celebrate the beginning of each year. People sometimes spend this day watching football games.
In January or February，many people in the U. S. celebrate the Chinese New Year. On this day, many families will clean their homes and get ready for the New Year. They will wear new clothes and share delicious food. They will give each other red envelops with money for good luck in the coming year. They will also light firecrackers to chase away bad luck.
The second Sunday in May is Mother’s Day. Children and fathers will buy beautiful presents for mothers. On that day，all mothers will be very happy.
Different from China. the American Labor Day is in September，not in May. It is on the first Monday in September. On that day，people will honor all the working people in the U.S.
Thanksgiving Day is the 4th Thursday in November. On this day，people will remember how the Indians helped the Pilgrims by teaching them how to farm and hunt. On this day，people will give thanks for food, for their country，and for their families.
Are there holidays in almost every month in the US?
Who will buy presents for mothers on Mother's Day?
What does the passage mainly talk about?

Come to the library. Please come in. Are you a student? This is a good place to study. Please，close the door softly. Everyone is quiet here. Students study in quiet places.
There are many books here. There are many different kinds. You can use them for your classes. There are books about other countries，like Japan and Mexico. You can find history books，too. Take one. Read about the old days. Or read a literature（文学） book. Read stories. Stories are one kind of literature. The library is a quiet place. So it is a good place to study. Many students come here. They use the computers. They read school books of all kinds. For example，they read science books. The students study their lessons. They find answers to questions in books. There is a big dictionary，too. It is on a special little table. It’s in the corner. There is information at the library for students’ papers.
There are librarians here. Librarians help students. They know all about books. They can find information fast. They help students with their work.
One librarian is Bill Church. Bill is a quiet man. But you can talk to him. You can even call him on the telephone. You can ask him questions. He will help you. He finds answers to questions. He uses the computers in the library. He knows answers to many questions. He can find books and information fast.
There are many things to do. You can read for fun. You can look at pictures. You can play on the computers. But don’t talk loud! Libraries are quiet places for people to read. A person must not talk loud in a library. A person must whisper. Go to the library and enjoy it. But please，be quiet for other people.

Students come to the library ____________.

A．to make friends	B．to read for fun
C．to make phone calls	D．to talk with librarians

What does the underlined word “whisper” mean?

A．Talk quietly.	B．Speak loudly.
C．Be quiet.	D．Read fast.

What does a librarian do to help students?

A．He reads books for students.

B．He saves some documents for students.

C．He finds books fast for students.

D．He writes down the students’ names.

What is the best title?

A．Let’s Read Together

B．Come To The Library

C．A Good Place To Work At

D．Libraries Have Big Dictionaries

My Dog Mandy
This is Mandy. She is the best dog! I got her a few months ago when she was just a little puppy（baby dog）. She has grown a lot since then! She is a small，brown and white dog with a cute nose and ears.
Over the past few months we have become good friends. We have spent lots of time together having fun. We go to the park almost every day. We have friends that we meet at the park, so Mandy has other dogs to play with. They run and bark（犬吠） together. Mandy is a small dog but she barks quite loudly. Mandy has learned how to catch a ball. Her favorite toy is a small blue and yellow ball that she can catch in her mouth very easily. She has short legs but she can jump high! It is a game that she likes to play，so we have played it a lot! She is happy and wags （摇）her tail when she catches the ball.
She has been good company. Mandy has learned how to jump up on my lap（大腿） when we are at home. Mandy and I have become very close friends and I love her a lot.

What does Mandy look like?

A．She has a small nose.

B．She has big ears.

C．She is large，black and white.

D．She is small，brown and white.

The writer often takes Mandy to the park because ___________.

A．Mandy likes to bark

B．Mandy likes jumping

C．Mandy wants to have fun

D．The park is beautiful

What can we learn about the writer and Mandy?

A．They often run together.

B．They work in the same company.

C．They often watch games together.

D．They are good friends.

Name: Steven Ryder Age: 19 Country: Australia Job: Student	Name: Michael Black Age: 22 Country: England Job: Football player
Name: Jenny Brown Age: 23 Country: America Job: Nurse	Name: Annie Klassz Age: 22 Country: America Job: Singer

What does Michael Black do?

A．A singer.	B．A student.
C．A football player.	D．A nurse.

What is the nineteen-year-old boy’s family name?

A．Black.

B．Brown.

C．Klassz.

D．Ryder.

Who are from the same country?

A．Steven and Jenny.	B．Annie and Jenny.
C．Michael and Annie.	D．Jenny and Michael.

任务型阅读,请根据材料内容，完成各题。（1´×10 ）
Australia has a lot of lovely animals . The most famous ones are kangaroos and koalas（考拉）。The kangaroo is the symbol of Australia . They have large eyes and ears . They don’t walk but jump .They use their strong back legs .They can jump at up to 74 kilometers per hour .They can go over nine meters in one jump .

Kangaroo mothers have pouches (育儿袋)to carry their babies. The babies stay inside to get milk and keep warm . Kangaroos are everywhere in Australia . They are on TV , in books and in the shops. The government even wants to put them on passports (护照) 。

There are about 20-25 million kangaroos in Australia . That’s more than the number of people in the country ! Some kangaroos go hungry because there is not enough to eat . They break into farms for food . Farmers are very angry with them . To help the farmers , the Australian government kills some kangaroos each year .
Koalas are another kind of famous Australian animals .They look like bears, and have small eyes and big noses. They eat leaves from gumtrees(胶树) where they spend most of their time . Kangaroos have a special smell. They use it to make their homes—“This is my place , You can’t come in .” Like kangaroos , a koala baby live in its mother’s pouch . But koalas have fewer place to live . There are 100,000 koalas in Australia . There is a law to keep them safe .

根据文章所提供袋鼠和考拉的生活情况用适当的单词或简洁的句子完成下列表格

	kangaroos	koalas
looks
	They don’t have to eat .
Number
Life	In order to the farmers, the Australian government some kangaroos every year

In 1620, about half the USA was covered by forests．Today the forests have almost gone． A lot of good land has gone with them, leaving only sand．China doesn't want to copy（照搬） the USA's example．We're planting more and more trees． We've built the " Great Green Wall" of trees across northern part of our country．The Great Green Wall is 7,000 kilometres long, and between 400 and 1,700 kilometres wide． It will stop the wind from blowing（吹）the earth away． It will stop the sand from moving towards (朝，向)the rich farmland in the south． More "Great Green Walls" are needed． Trees must be grown all over the world． Great Green Walls will make the world better．
In 1620, about ______ the USA was covered by forests．

A．a third

B．half

C．two thirds

D．a fourth

A lot of good land has gone with ______．

A．sand

B．water

C．wind

D．forests

The Great Green Wall in China is ______ long．

A．7,000 kilometers

B．1,700 kilometers

C．7,000 meters

D．400 kilometers

Trees must be grown in ______.

A．China	B．the USA
C．some countries	D．every part of the world

______ will make the world better．

A．The Great Wall

B．Tall buildings

C．Great Green Walls

D．Flowers and grass

Everyone needs friends. There is an old saying, "Friends are God's way of taking care of us." But how do you find real friendship（友谊）and keep it.
The American writer Sally Seamans tells young students some smart ways to find friends. Sally says finding friendship is just like planting a tree. You plant the seed（种子）and take care of it to make it grow.
First you should choose a friend. What makes a good friend? It is not because a person has money or good looks. A good friend should be kind and patient(耐心).For example, if you have a bad day, a good friend should listen to your complaints(抱怨)and do his or her best to help. To make a friend, you cannot be too shy. You should make each other happy and share your lives.
But things cannot always be happy. Even the best friends have fights. What should you do when you have a fight with your friend? You have to talk to him or her. When there is no one around, have an honest（诚实的）talk. If he or she doesn't want to talk, you could write a letter.
There are three steps to be friends again:
Tell him or her how you are feeling; say what your friend has done wrong, and explain（解释）why you did this or that. Remember that friendship is the most important thing in your life.
Sally wants to tell students the ways to_______.

A．find friends	B．keep fit
C．get happy	D．plants trees

What makes good friends? A good friend should_______.

A．be lovely and cool

B．have good looks

C．have lots of money

D．be kind and patient

What does the word "fights" mean in Chinese?

A．打架

B．游戏

C．飞行

D．比赛

According to（根据）the text, you can_______ your friend after a fight.

A．buy a present for

B．never say a word to

C．write a letter to

D．have dinner with

All students need to have good study habits (习惯) . When you have good study habits, you can learn things quickly. You also remember (记得) them easily.
Do you like to study in the living - room? This is not a good place because it is usually too noisy. You need to study in a quiet (安静) place, like your bedroom. A quiet place will help you only think about one thing, and you will learn better.
Before you begin to study, do not forget to clean your desk. A good desk light is important, too. You'll feel tired easily if there is not enough light.
When you have good study habits, you will_______.

A．learn things quickly

B．remember things easily

C．think about one thing

D．both A and B

You will feel tired easily if the light is_______.

A．good

B．bad

C．enough

D．wonderful

What is the best title（标题）of the text?

A．Study in the Bedroom

B．How to study

C．Good Study Habits

D．Desk Light is Important

(A)

You will pay_______ if you want to stay in the English club for a year.

A．2400 yuan

B．600 yuan

C．1200 yuan

D．200 yuan

One can get free examinations（检查）in Health Centre if he is_______.

A．16

B．73

C．67

D．53

Which of the following is NOT true?

A．English lovers may enjoy some English films in Sunny English Club.

B．You can call 3801451 for advice if you want to keep fit.

C．You can go to any of the three places on Saturday afternoon.

D．If Tom is interested in the life of fish, he should go to Ocean Museum next Monday.

阅读表达（根据短文内容回答问题，每题2分，满分10分）
72 Newton Drive
London SW6
3rd December
Dear David,
How are you? I’m fine. I’m in London, at the International School of English. I’m in Class 3 with other eight students. They’re from different countries—Spain, Japan, Argentina, Switzerland and Thailand. Our teacher’s name is Henry Briscall. He’s very nice. He’s a very good teacher.
I’m living with an English family. Mr and Mrs Smith have three children. Thomas is fourteen, Catherine is twelve and Andrew is seven. They are all very friendly, but it isn’t easy to understand them. London is very big and very interesting. It is cool but sunny, and the parks are beautiful! Hyde Park, Green Park and St. James’ Park are all in the city centre.
English food is OK, but the coffee is bad!
Write to me soon.
Love,
Paula
Who writes the letter?（No more than three words）
________________________________.
How many students are there in the writer’s class? （No more than four words）
_______________________________.
Who is the writer’s teacher ? （No more than two words）
________________________________
Where is Hyde Park ? （No more than four words）
_________________________________
What doesn’t the writer like about England? （No more than five words）
__________________________________.

Live Music----Late Night Jazz (爵士乐)
Enjoy real American jazz from Herbie Davis, the famous trumpet player. He is known (出名) to play well in the early hours. So don’t want to get much sleep.
PLACE: The Jazz Club DATES: 15-23, June
PRICE: ￥200-250 TIME: 10 p.m. till late
TEL: [phone]
Scottish Dancing
Scottish dancing is nice and easy to learn. The wonderful dance from England will be given.
PLACE: Jack Stein’s DATES: 10-20, May
PRICE: ￥180 TIME: 7—10 p.m.
TEL: [phone]
Shows –Anhui Museum
There are 12,000 pieces on shows here. You can see the whole Chinese history.
PLACE: Anhui Museum DATES: 1Mar--30 Jun
PRICE: ￥60 (￥30 for students) TEL: [phone]
TIME: Monday-Friday 9 a.m. –5 p.m. Weekends 9 a.m.—9 p.m.
If you want to watch dancing, you can call .

A．4668736

B．4021877

C．4210877

D．4888688

You can see the whole Chinese history atin April in Anhui Museum.

A．8 p.m. every day

B．7 a.m. from Monday to Friday

C．10 a.m. at weekends

D．7 p.m. every day

You can enjoyat Jack Stein’s.

A．American jazz

B．Scottish dancing

C．12,000 pieces on show

D．yourself at night

You have 150 yuan, and you can.

A．listen to jazz

B．watch Scottish dancing

C．go to Anhui Museum

D．go to the Jazz Club

The history teacher, Mr. Li and his four students want to go to the museum. How much will they pay?

A．￥150

B．￥300

C．￥180

D．￥160

Everyone tries to get to school on time. But when bad weather gives you trouble（麻烦）, can you still make it before the bell rings?
In northern China during spring, big sandstorms（沙尘暴）often make trouble for students and everyone else. When the sky is dark with sand, buses and cars all move much more slowly. Sometimes, people can’t even see for 20 meters.
Sandstorms usually happen in spring. This year, sandstorms started in late March. They have happened in more than 10 provinces (省) in northern China this year. More than 70 million people have had problems in those places because of the sandstorms.
People in southern China don’t have to worry about this kind of bad weather. Most of the sand comes from Gansu and Inner Mongolia（内蒙古）. In northern China, lots of places have few trees and don’t get much rain. People there have been cutting down too many trees. When there aren’t many trees, the ground can’t keep enough water. Over the years, the ground dries up and turns to sand. When spring comes and the ice melts（融化）, the ground becomes looser（更松散的）. Strong winds take the loose sand into the sky.
Sandstorms are bad for people’s health. If people breathe（呼吸） too much sand, they could cough or have asthma（哮喘）.
Sandstorms also give farmers lots of problems. Sometimes their sheep get lost in the storms and never get back home. The winds also tear down farmers’ houses.
What can you do to stop sandstorms? Here’s an idea: Ask your parents to help you plant some trees this spring.
If you see people cutting down too many trees, tell them about the dangers of sandstorms, and ask your government to stop them from cutting.
In which season do sandstorms usually happen?

A．In spring.	B．In summer.
C．In autumn.	D．In winter.

Which of the following provinces in China is often hit by sandstorms?

A．Fujian Province.	B．Yunnan Province.
C．Jiangsu Province	D．Gansu Province.

The underlined phrase “tear down” in the sentence means “_________”.

A．使……哭泣

B．弄倒

C．摧残

D．加固

According to the passage, what cannot be caused by sandstorms?

A．Health problems.

B．Traffic problems.

C．The loss of farm animals.

D．Noise pollution.

Which is not stated in the passage？_______________ .

A．Trees can help keep enough rain water

B．More trees need to be planted

C．Some people are doing harm to the environment

D．Sandstorms are the main cause of asthma（哮喘）

In nature, you may see many insects (昆虫）and animals of different colors. Have you ever wondered why?
Locusts are super delicious food for birds, but it is not always an easy job for birds to catch them. It is neither because locusts are good jumpers or runners nor because they are smarter than their enemies. The reason is that the colors of locusts change with the colors of crops(庄稼). When crops are young, locusts look green. But when autumn comes, locusts change to the yellow and brown color as crops do.
Brown bears, tigers and other animals move quietly through forests. They can’t be seen easily by their enemies. This is because they have colors similar to the trees. For the same reason, polar bears that live on a land of snow and ice are white. Butterflies and bees living among the flowers are colorful like flowers. Soil insects are mostly dark-colored and they live under the soil(土壤）in a dark and wet environment. However, insects with colors different from plants can easily be found and eaten by others. So in order to survive, they have to hide themselves in the daytime and appear only at night.
Have you ever noticed some even stranger acts? The ink fish in the sea can send out some very black ink when it faces danger. As the ink spreads over, its enemies will find themselves suddenly in a dark world. At the same time the ink fish immediately swims away. That is how it keeps itself safe though it is not strong at all.
It is not easy for birds to catch locusts because____________. .

A．locusts are good runners

B．locusts can jump very high

C．locusts are smarter than birds

D．locusts can change their color

According to the passage, most soil insects_________

A．do not have bright colors

B．change their colors with the soil

C．do not live in a dark and wet environment

D．Eat colorful insects like butterflies and bees

What’s the meaning of the underlined word “survive” in the passage?

A．繁殖

B．产卵

C．觅食

D．生存

The ink fish _______ so that its enemies will not see it?

A．changes its color

B．makes the water around it black

C．appears only at night

D．hides itself in the sea rocks

What is the main ides of this passage?

A．Some insects and animals have different skills.

B．Some insects and animals are clever than we think.

C．Some insects and animals use colors to protect themselves.

D．Some insects and animals can get used to the environment easily.