初中英语阅读理解

New traffic laws(交通法)say that if people cross the street when the light is red, they can be fined as much as 50 yuan.
The law has new rules for drivers and pedestrians (行人). Drivers have to slow down when they are close to crosswalks. If people are in a crosswalk, cars must stop to let them pass.
There are rules for bus drivers, too. If bus drivers smoke, drink or make phone calls while driving, they can be fined. Buses that carry too many people are also against the law.
Do your ride a bike to school? It’s not a good idea to carry classmates on the back.You could be fined 50 yuan. And stay in the bike lane(车道)when you’re riding. The big roads are for cars and buses.
Do you like to ride your uncle’s motorbike? When you put on your helmet(头盔), ask him to put one on, too. People on motorbikes must wear helmets, the new laws says. If they don’t, they’ll have to pay 200 yuan.
Do you ride in cars often? Don’t forget to put on your seat belt (安全带),even if you’re going for a short taxi ride. It could save your life.
If you see a hit-and–run (肇事逃逸), tell the police. They may give you a reward(奖赏). And don’t be afraid to help people to the hospital if they are hurt in an accident. Don’t worry about money. The new law says the doctors must take care of them even if they can’t pay right away.
What does the word“crosswalk”mean in Chinese?

A．过马路

B．人行横道

C．立交桥

D．车行道

If you are a bus driver, ______ while you are driving, according to the new traffic laws.

A．you can make a phone call

B．you can’t talk to others

C．you can’t smoke

D．you can drink

When you ride in a car, the first thing you must do is__________.

A．to put on the helmet

B．To pay the driver

C．to put on the seat belt

D．To see if it carries too many people

You should do all the following EXCEPT_________.

A．carrying your classmate on the back when you’re riding a bike

B．phoning the police when you see a hit-and-run

C．helping people to the hospital if they are hurt in an accident

D．wearing your helmet while riding a motorbike

A smart diet, a healthy life
No matter how old your kids are, you can take steps to improve a healthy diet and to encourage good eating habits.
Tip One: Family Meals
Family meals are nice for both parents and kids. Children like to guess what they are going to have and parents get the chance to introduce new foods to children. Parents can also use the mealtime as a chance to talk with their kids about their life.
Tip Two: Healthy Snacks(零食)
Kids, especially younger ones, will eat mostly what can get at home. That’s why it’s important to have enough healthy snacks, such as fruits, vegetables, nuts, yogurt and whole-grain biscuits.
Tip Three: Being a Good Example
The best way for you to encourage healthy eating is to eat well yourself. Kids will follow the
lead of the adults they see every day. By eating fruits and vegetables and avoiding fast food and sweet drinks, you are sending the right message.
Tip Four: No Shouts about Food
Parents might find themselves shouting at children to get them to have healthy foods in front of them. This in fact can make children dislike what they are asked to eat. You need to work a bit on different cooking methods(方式，方法).
Tip Five: Get Kids Included(参与)
Most kids will enjoy making the decision about food. Talk to them about making choices and planning a healthy meal. It can help them to make good decisions on their own about the foods they want to eat.
What is the author’s attitude(态度) toward snacks?

A．Snacks shouldn’t be eaten.

B．Healthy snacks can be accepted.

C．Kids can only have snacks at home.

D．It’s not necessary to have snacks at home.

The best way for parents to encourage a healthy diet is ________.

A．to have family meals	B．to eat healthy snacks
C．to be a good example	D．to get kids included

What does the underlined phrase “ the right message” mean?

A．Being a good cook.	B．Healthy eating
C．Eating fast food.	D．Cooking at home.

According to Tip Four, what should parents do if kids refuse to eat healthy food?

A．Explain how healthy it is.

B．Try cooking it in a different way

C．Never cook the same food.

D． Ask kids to get used to its taste.

Why should parents get kids included when they make the decision about food?

A．To let kids eat anything they like.

B．To help kids become a wonderful cook.

C．To help kids make good choices by themselves.

D．To set a good example of eating healthy food.

MSG (monosodium glutamate) is a food additive (食品添加剂), which has been widely used by many food factories all over the world since it appeared first in Japan in 1909.
MSG is a substance that is added to some food to improve its original (原先的) taste and colour. It is used in foods around the world such as cakes, bread, frozen meats, fish and vegetables. In the beginning, people thought MSG was safe just like salt and sugar. However, in 1968 some people reported they seemed to have bad reactions (反应) to MSG after having had a meal at a restaurant. They included headaches and quick heartbeat (心跳). It was also reported that MSG excited a person's brain and caused his death in Japan. Scientists think that MSG may lead to many neurological disorders (神经紊乱). In mice studies done by a university, the evidence showed the mice didn’t want to eat the food including MSG.
Today many food companies “hide” MSG on food labels (标签) by using different names. If you see “natural flavorings”, “hydrolyzed protein” and “spices” in a food label, you are probably seeing a hidden way to “report” MSG in a food label. Every time we have a meal in a restaurant, we always feel the food very delicious to taste, but sometimes it is dangerous for our health because some poisonous food additives have been added to the food.
To protect people’s health, our governments, from central to local, are taking actions to stop factories producing poisonous food additives.
Monosodium Glutamate is _______.

A．a food	B．an additive
C．a factory	D．a country

MSG is often used in _______.

A．frozen meats	B．cups
C．clothes	D．book covers

The examples in the second paragraph tell us ________.

A．the food including MSG is delicious

B．people like to eat in a restaurant

C．mice like eating the food including MSG

D．MSG is not safe sometimes

If you see “natural flavorings”, “hydrolyzed protein” and “spices” in a food label, you will  know________.

A．you must eat the food in a hidden way

B．the food label must be hidden

C．MSG is probably added to the food

D．you must report the food to your parents

The underlined word “substance” in the article means __________.

A．colour

B．material

C．taste

D．Food

There is an old saying in English, “Laughter is the best medicine”. Until recently, few people took the saying very seriously. Now, however, doctors have begun to study laughter and the effects (作用) it has on the human body. They have found evidence that laughter really can improve people’s health.
Tests were carried out to study the effects of laughter on the body. People watched funny films while doctors checked their heart rate, blood pressure, breathing and muscles. It was found that laughter has similar effects to physical exercise. It increases blood pressure, the heart rate and the rate of breathing. It also works several groups of muscles in the face, the stomach and even the feet. If laughter exercises the body, it must be helpful.
Other tests have shown that laughter appears to make the effect of pain on the body less. In one experiment doctors produced pain in groups of students who listened to different radio programs. The group which could bear the pain for the longest time was the group which listened to a funny program. The reason why laughter can make pain less seems to be that it helps to produce endorphins (内啡肽) in the brain. These are natural chemicals which make both stress and pain less.
There is also some evidence to suggest that laughter helps the body’s immune system — that is the system which fights infection (感染). In an experiment, one group of students watched a funny video while another group served as the control group — in other words, a group with which to compare the first group. Doctors checked the blood of the students in both groups and found that the people in the group that watched the video had an increase in the activity of their white blood cells — the cells which fight infection.
As a result of these discoveries, some doctors and psychiatrists (精神病专家) in the United States now hold laughter clinics, in which they try to improve their patients’ condition by encouraging them to laugh. They have found that even if their patients do not really feel like laughing, making them smile is enough to produce good effects similar to those caused by laughter.
We learn from the first paragraph that laughter _______.

A．is good for one’s health

B．has strong effects to do with some illnesses

C．has been studied for a long time

D．has no effect on the body

Doctors have found that laughter _______.

A．keeps down blood pressure

B．has similar effects to physical exercise

C．decreases the heart rate

D．increases stress and pain

Which of the following statements is NOT true of laughter according to the passage?

A．It makes pain less.

B．It exercises the body.

C．It improves the body’s immune system.

D．It can cure（治愈）cancer .

Smiling can produce _________.

A．about the same effects as laughter

B．more effects than laughter

C．fewer effects on the human body

D．no effects on the human body

“Cool” is a word with many meanings. Its old meaning is used to express a temperature that is a little bit cold. As the world has changed, the word has had many different meanings. “Cool” can be used to express feelings of interest in almost everything.
When you see a famous car in the street, maybe you will say. “It’s cool.” You May think, “He’s so cool,” when you see your favorite football player.
We all maximize(扩大)the meaning of “cool”. You can use it instead of many words, such as “new” or “surprising”. Here’s an interesting story we can use to show the way the word is used. A teacher asked her student to write about the waterfall(瀑布) they had visited. On the student’s paper was just the one sentence, “It’s so cool.” Maybe he thought it was the best way to show what he saw and felt.
But the story also shows a scarcity(缺乏)of words. Without “cool”, some people have no words to show the same meaning. So it is quite important to keep some credibility(可信度).Can you think of many other words that make your life as colorful as the word “cool”? I can. And I think they are also very cool.
We know that the word “cool” has had ________.

A．only one meaning	B．no meaning
C．many different meanings	D．the same meaning

In the passage, the word “express” means “_______”.

A．see

B．show

C．know

D．feel

If you are ________ something, you may say,  “It’s cool.”

A．interested in	B．angry about
C．worried about	D．unhappy with

The writer takes an example to show he is ________ the way the word is used.

A．pleased with	B．strange to
C．worried about	D．unhappy with

In the passage, the writer suggests(暗示)that the word “cool”___________.

A．can be used instead of many words

B．usually means something interesting

C．can make your life colorful

D．may not be as cool as it seems

An eight-year-old child heard her parents talking about her little brother. All she knew was that he was very sick and they had no money. Only a very expensive operation(手术) could save him now and there was no one to lend them the money.
When she heard her daddy say to her tearful mother, “Only a miracle can save him now，” the little girl went to her bedroom and pulled her money from its hiding place and counted it carefully.
She hurried to a drugstore（药店）with the money in her hand. “And what do you want？” asked the shopkeeper. “It’s for my little brother,” the girl answered, “He’s really，really sick and I want to buy a miracle.” “Pardon？” said the shopkeeper. “My brother Andrew has something bad growing inside his head and my daddy says only a miracle can save him. So how much does a miracle cost？” “We don’t sell a miracle here，child. I’m sorry，” the shopkeeper said with a smile. “Listen，if it isn’t enough, I can try and get some more. Just tell me how much it costs.”
A well-dressed man heard it and asked，“What kind of a miracle does your brother need？” “I don’t know,” she answered with her eyes full of tears. “He’s really sick and mum says he needs an operation. But my daddy can’t pay for it，so I have brought all my money.” “How much do you have,” asked the man. “$ 1.11, but I can try and get some more,” she answered. “Well，Good luck! ” smiled the man. "$ 1.11，the price of a miracle for your little brother."
He took up the girl’s hand and said，“Take me to where you live. I want to see your brother and meet your parents. Let’s see if I have the kind of miracle you need.”
That well-dressed man was Dr Carlton Armstrong, a famous doctor. The operation was successful and it wasn’t long before Andrew was at home again. How much did the miracle cost？
What was the trouble in the little girl’s family？
A. Her brother was seriously ill.
B. They had no money.
C. Nothing could save her brother.
D. Both A and B.
In the eye of the little girl，a miracle might be _______.

A．something interesting	B．something beautiful
C．some wonderful medicine	D．some good food

The little girl said again and again “…I can try and get some more.” That shows ___.

A．she had still kept some money

B．she hoped the shopkeeper could sell her a miracle

C．There was no need to worry about money

D．she thought money was easy to get

What made the miracle happen？

A．The girl’s love for her brother.

B．The girl’s money.

C．The medicine from the drugstore.

D．Nobody can tell.

From the passage we can infer (推断)that _______.

A．The doctor didn’t ask for any pay

B．A miracle is sure to happen if you keep on

C．The little girl is lovely but not so clever

D．Andrew was in fact not too sick .

Now cities are full of cars. Some families even have two or more cars. Parking is a great problem, and so is the traffic in and around the cities. Something will have to be done to change it.
What will the cars of tomorrow be like?
Little cars may some day take the place of today’s big cars. If everyone drives little cars in the future, there will be less pollution in the air. There will also be more space for parking cars in cities, and the streets will be less crowded. Three little cars can fit in the space now needed for one car of the usual size.
The little cars will cost much less to own and to drive. Driving will be safer, too. What is more, these little cars can go about 65 kilometers per hour.
Little cars of the future will be fine for getting around a city, but they will not be useful for long trips. If big cars are still used along with the small ones, two sets of roads will be needed in the future. Some roads will be used for the big, fast cars, and other roads will be needed for the slower small ones.
Cars in the future mustn’t bring ________ pollution in the air.

A．more

B．fewer

C．less

D．no

The little car’s size may be ________ today’s car’s size.

A．one third of	B．two thirds of
C．as big as	D．as small as

Little cars are very fine for ________.

A．long trips	B．journeys
C．everyday life	D．sport

The big cars are ________ the little cars for long trips.

A．as useful as	B．not so useful as
C．more useful than	D．less useful than

Do you think of white when someone talks about a polar bear(北极熊）? In fact, the polar bear does not have white fur. It just appears to be white. Polar bears have a very good sense of smell. It helps them to find food. During summer, polar bears sleep longer, because they are able to find their food more easily at night. Usually, after a meal, polar bears have a short sleep. A polar bear can have 2-3 babies at a time. They live with their mothers until they are about two-and-a-half years old.
However, polar bears will die out soon because of people. There are only 20,000 to 25,000 polar bears in the world. The polar bears are trying to survive today. The number of polar bears is becoming smaller and smaller because of the loss of sea ice— polar bears mostly inhabit (居住于) the sea ice, not the land ice. This is happening because of global warming (全球气候变暖), pollution, hunting and so on.
Ordinary people don't care, but great people have the power and want to save tigers, fight for giant pandas and save polar bears. Ordinary people will wait, but great people will find a new world. For me, I will not waiting. I will take the bus more often from now on. Join me and save the polar bears, and, of course, the tigers, the giant pandas and...
According to the passage, which of these answers does NOT make sea ice less?

A．Global warming.	B．Pollution.
C．Hunting.	D．Travelling.

which is right of the following sentences?

A．Polar bear’s fur is white.

B．Perhaps the writer will drive his car less.

C．It's harder for polar bears to find food in summer.

D．Polar bears have a good, happy life now.

What does the word "ordinary" mean in Chinese?

A．勤劳的	B．聪慧的
C．普通的	D．坚强的

Where can this passage come from?

A．A magazine about animals.

B．A book about greetings.

C．A poster about working plans.

D．An instruction book

任务型阅读,阅读下列短文，根据短文中的信息完成文后表格。（每空一词）
Travelling is one of the most important activities and people like travelling very much. Staying healthy while travelling can make your trip happier. But do you know how to keep healthy during a trip? The following information may be useful to you.
Before leaving
Wear comfortable shoes, a hat and sunglasses.
Take some medicine with you. When you get sick or have other problems, you can have some.
Do some exercise for weeks or months before you leave if you plan to do lots of walking or climbing during your trip.
Prepare proper(合适的) food. If you take a long trip, you should bring food such as bread, biscuits(饼干) and some fruit. They don’t go bad quickly. The nearer people can bring meat, fish, eggs, milk and even salads and vegetables.
While travelling
Be sure not to eat dirty food or bad fruit.
Have enough time to take a rest during your trip.
Keep food in good condition. If you take hot food, you should try to keep it hot. For example, you can put it in heavy towels. If you need to keep cold food cold, you can put cold food in a box with ice. When you arrive, put cold food in the fridge. Remember： If you travel with food, keep hot food hot and cold food cold.

How to keep   during a trip
Before leaving	● Wear comfortable shoes, a hat and      .
●       some necessary medicine with you.
● Exercise for weeks or months       you leave.
● Prepare proper food. Take bread, biscuits and some fruit for a      trip or bring meat, fish, eggs, milk and even salads and vegetables for a nearer one.
While	●      eat dirty food or bad fruit.
● Have enough      to take a rest during your trip.
●       food in good condition.      to keep hot food hot and cold food cold.

Mr. and Mrs. Brown have two children, Mike and Liz. The whole family are all busy, so they often leave notes for each other. Read these four notes of today and answer the following questions.

3：30 pm To Mike， Mr. Tyler rang. No football practice today. I’m going to Donna’s house to play and be back at 5：00 pm Liz	4：00 pm To Liz， It’s your turn to walk the dog. I have to do my homework after school. Remember to play with Teddy when you get home! Mike
6：45 pm Has anyone seen my tennis shoes? I’m in my bedroom doing my homework. Mike	9：00 pm I saw your shoes this morning. They smelt terrible so I put them outside the back door. Good night, dears! Mum

When will Liz be back home?

A．At 3：30 pm.	B．At 4：00 pm.
C．At 5：00 pm.	D．At 9：00 pm.

What is Mike doing at 6：45 pm?

A．Practicing football.	B．Going to Donna’s house.
C．Playing tennis.	D．Doing his homework.

According to the notes, Teddy is __________.

A．Mike’s mother	B．Mike’s brother
C．Mike’s football couch	D．the dog in the family

Once, a king had a great highway built for his people. Just before it was opened to the public, the king decided to have a contest(竞赛). He invited his people to take part in the contest. Their challenge was to see who could travel the highway the best.
On the day of the contest, some people came to the highway in fine clothing; some had fancy hairstyles or brought great food. Some young men came in their sports clothes and ran along the highway. People raveled(使错综复杂) the highway all day. But each one, when he or she completed the trip, complained(抱怨) to the king that there was a large pile of stones in the way that had blocked his or her travels.
At the end of the day, a lonely traveler crossed the finishing line and walked over to the king. He was tired and dirty, but he showed the king great respect and handed him a bag of gold. He explained: "I stopped along the way to clear a pile of stones that was blocking the road. This bag of gold was under it all. I want you to return it to its rightful owner."
The king replied: "You are the rightful owner. You've earned(赚) this gold, for you won my contest."
The man won the contest just because he was the only one who stopped to make the road smoother(平整). Sometimes, the greatest prize comes not from helping yourself, but from helping others.
What did the man do during the contest?

A．He complained as the other people had.

B．He gave up before he got to the stones.

C．He cleared the pile of stones.

D．He blocked the road with stones.

What does the underlined word "blocking" mean?

A．街区

B．一块

C．砖头

D．阻塞

Why could the man win the contest?

A．Because he was willing to help others.

B．Because he gave the king some gold.

C．Because he traveled the fastest.

D．Because he showed the king respect.

It is believed in some ways that the daughter is father's lover. But my experience has taught me in a different way. For a long time, my father has been a very vague （模糊的）figure to me. He was a man of few words, tall but slim and nothing else.
When I was in primary school, my father was never there to pick me up, and he never came to any of my parent-teacher meetings. He was always busy doing projects. I remember when I was in middle school and my head was badly hurt in a PE class. During my operation, my father was nowhere to be found. This hurt me most. At that moment, I considered my Father as a cold-blooded man who did not care about me at all.
But things seemed different at my high school graduation ceremony, where I was chosen to represent my class and give a speech. My father, once again, told me he had a business trip in a place outside the city and would be unable to show up "Don't come. I will be my nervous if I see you.” I told him.
I remember my speech went smoothly. After the ceremony was over and I was about to leave, I suddenly noticed a familiar looking man sitting in a corner of the hall. It was my father！I was so surprised that I rushed to him with tears running down my face. "Well done," he said. His eyes were also filled with tears.
Later, I found out that my father had managed to finish his work by staying up late, and he drove for eight hours to get back. He had been sitting in the corner because he didn't want me to see him. My father remembered every word in my speech.
For much of my life, I described my father was a cold-blooded man who only cared about his work. But when I thought deeply about this, it was obviously（明显地）not true. At my graduation ceremony I could feel my father's deep love. The fact is that seeing is not believing, and seeing may not be the fact if we don't perceive（感知）the world with our hearts and minds. There's no doubt that life doesn't lack love, but sometimes our eyes have trouble seeing it.
Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A．The writer's father was in the hospital during her operation.

B．The writer's father attended her high school graduation ceremony.

C．The writer's father sometimes picked her up when she was in primary school.

D．The writer's father went to parent-teacher meetings when she was in primary school.

The writer rushed to her father with tears running down her face mainly because_______________．

A．she gave a speech successfully

B．the graduation ceremony was over

C．she was so nervous that she couldn't help crying

D．she was touched to find her father cared about her

What does the underlined word "this" in the last paragraph refer to（指代）？

A．That my father was always doing projects.

B．That my father was a cold-blooded man.

C．That my father sat in the corner of the hall.

D．That my father's eyes were filled with tears.

What's the best title of the passage?

A．My busy father	B．Life is full of love
C．Seeing is not believing	D．A wonderful speech

Mr Brown is one of my friends. He can run very fast and likes to show people how fast he can run. One day, a thief（小偷）got into his house, took some of his things and ran out of  the house fast. Mr Brown found it and ran after him, and shouted, “Hey! Don’t you know you can’t get away from me.”But the thief ran much faster, Mr Brown got angry and ran faster, too. He was soon a few kilometers away from his house, he was running hard when he met me. “Why are you running so fast?” I asked. “I want to catch a thief,” said Mr Brown. “But where is the thief?” I asked. “Kilometers and kilometers behind,” said Mr Brown proudly, “He thought he could run faster than me, but you see he is wrong.”
Did the thief steal（偷）anything from Brown’s house?

A．Yes, he has.	B．No, he wasn’t.
C．Yes, he did.	D．No, he didn’t.

Who ran faster, Mr Brown or the thief?

A．No one.

B．The writer.

C．Mr Brown.

D．The thief.

Did Mr Brown catch the thief?

A．Yes, he did.	B．No, he didn’t.
C．Yes, but he let him go away.	D．No, but his friend did.

What did Mr Brown do when he found the thief?

A．He ran after him.	B．He was angry with him.
C．He caught him.	D．He stayed far behind him.

What does the underlined word “proudly” mean? It means __________.

A．自豪地

B．难过地

C．兴奋地

D．不慌不忙地

阅读理解（共3小题）
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容判断句子的正误。正确的涂 “A”，错误的涂 “B”。
Tom was three years old．He liked to watch TV with his parents after supper, but his parents never let him stay long．Mother would say, “It’s eight o’clock now．It’s time for you to go to bed, Tom.”
“But why don’t you go to bed, too?” Tom always asked.
“We are adults (大人),” mother would say, “And adults go to bed late.”
One evening Tom asked his mother for an apple.
“But it’s too late,” his mother didn’t want to give him anything to eat at bedtime．“The apples are already asleep(入睡).”
“But not all of them, Mom.” Tom said, “The baby apples are perhaps asleep, but their parents are surely awake(醒着).”
(     )Tom liked to watch TV with his parents after supper.
(     )Tom’s mother always goes to bed together with Tom.
(     )Tom’s mom didn’t want to give him anything to eat at bedtime.
(     )Tom thought the baby apples were still awake like their parents.
(     )From the story we know Tom was a smart boy.

Suzhou is a famous city in China. You can see beautiful mountains and trees in the city.
Travel time:

08:00— 10:00	Pick you up from the hotel in Shanghai and go to Suzhou.
10:00— 11:00	Visit the Tiger Hill. It is called as “the most famous place in Wuzhong”.
11:00— 12:00	Visit Hanshan Temple.
12:00— 13:00	Lunchtime.
13:00— 14:00	Visit the No.1 Silk Factory. Suzhou is famous for its silk production(产品).
14:00— 16:00	Visit the Humble Administrator’s Garden. This garden has three parts: the eastern part, the middle part and the western part.
16:00— 18:00	Return to Shanghai.

How to book (预订)：
☆ you must book by email. Tell us which hotel you are staying at and wait for our confirmation (确认) email.
☆ Our tour guide will call you the night before the tour and tell you when we will meet the next morning.
The writer must be a _______.

A．visitor	B．waiter
C．a tour guide (导游)	D．travel agent (代理人)

The tourist will visit ______ places in Suzhou.

A．six

B．five

C．four

D．three

What will they visit at 13:00?

A．The No.1 Silk Factory.

B．Hanshan Temple.

C．The Tiger Hill.

D．The Humble Administrator’s Garden.

If you want to book, you must________.

A．go to their office	B．call the tour guide
C．send them a letter	D．send them an email

The best title for this passage is “________”.

A．A Famous City, Suzhou	B．Suzhou Silk
C．A one-day Suzhou Tour	D．Main sights in Suzhou