Fear may be felt in the heart as well as in the head, according to a study that has found a link between the cycles of a beating heart and the chance of someone feeling fear.
Tests on healthy volunteers found that they were more likely to feel a sense of fear at the moment when their hearts are contracting(收缩) and pumping（向---送出） blood around their bodies, compared with the point when the heartbeat is relaxed. Scientists say the results suggest that the heart is able to influence how the brain responds to a fearful event, depending on which point it is at in its regular cycle of contraction and relaxation.
Sarah Garfinkel at the Brighton and Sussex Medical School said: "Our study shows for the first time that the way in which we deal with fear is different depending on when we see fearful pictures in relation to our heart."
The study tested 20 healthy volunteers on their reactions to fear as they were shown pictures of fearful faces. Dr Garfinkel said, "The study showed that fearful faces are better noticed when the heart is pumping than when it is relaxed. So our hearts can also affect what we see and what we don't see - and guide whether we see fear."
To further understand this relationship, the scientists also used a brain scanner(扫描仪) to show how the brain influences the way the heart changes a person's feeling of fear. "We have found an important mechanism by which the heart and brain ‘speak’ to each other to change our feelings and reduce fear," Dr Garfinkel said.
"We hope that by increasing our understanding about how fear is dealt with and ways that it could be reduced, we may be able to develop more successful treatments for anxiety disorders, and also for those for those who may be suffering from serious stress disorder."What is the finding of the study?
| A．fear has something to do with one's health. |
| B．fear is a result of one's relaxed heartbeat. |
| C．One's heart affects how he feels fear. |
| D．One’s fast heartbeats are likely to cause fear. |
When are people more likely to feel a sense of fear ?
| A．When the heartbeat is relaxed. |
| B．When their hearts are contracting. |
| C．When people are tired. |
| D．When people are happy. |
The study was carried out by analyzing （分析）_______.
| A．the time volunteers saw fearful pictures and their health conditions |
| B．volunteers' heartbeats when they saw terrible pictures |
| C．volunteers' reactions to horrible pictures and data form their brain scans |
| D．different pictures shown to volunteers and their heart-brain communication |
Which of the following is closest in meaning to "mechanism" in Paragraph 6?
| A．Order. | B．Machine. | C．Treatment. | D．System. |
This study may be useful to _______.
| A．treating anxiety and stress better |
| B．explaining the cycle of fear and anxiety |
| C．finding the sky to the heart-brain communication |
| D．understanding different fears in our hearts and heads |
Dear Brad,
In about 3 months, I will take a very important test.① pass, with, I, grades, the, test, If, good, I can get to the 10th grade and choose a good school to study in. Now I am trying my best to achieve this. At the same time, I’m the monitor in my class, which means I should do lots of things for my class. ②I am so busy with my school-work and duties as monitor that I don’t have enough time to keep a balance between them . Gradually I become lazy. ③The other day, my head teacher told me that she was disappointed in my poor performance as class monitor. Her words really discouraged me.
What should I do now, to give up or not to give up as class monitor? I must do my best in school because how well I do will influence where I go after this school year is over and it can affect the rest of my life. Being class monitor is also a valuable learning experience because my teacher trusts me to be a good leader. ④ I don’t want to go to my parents for suggestions, for they will get worried about me . Can you tell me how to choose?
Yours,
Marry请将①处画线上的单词组成一个完整的句子。
_____________________________________________________________________根据②处内容，完成下面的句子。（每空一词）
I am busy with my school-work and duties as monitor have enough time to keep a balance between them. 根据③处内容，完成下面的句子。（每空一词）
The other day, my head teacher said to me, “ disappointed in your poor performance as class monitor.” 将④处翻译成汉语。
请根据自我理解来回答下面的问题。
What should Marry do now?
China's first moon rover (月球车), Yutu, set off from the lander（登陆车） early on December 15, several hours after the Chang'e-3 probe (探测器) soft-landed on the moon surface.
The 140 kg six-wheeled rover touched the moon surface at 4:35 a.m., leaving deep lines on the loose moon land. This was recorded by the camera on the lander and the images were sent to the earth, according to the Beijing Aerospace Control Center. After that, the rover and lander will take photos of each other and start their own science explorations.
Earlier this morning, engineers made final checks of the environment of the landing area and the situation of the probe（探测仪）. Yutu, reached its solar panel (光板) and started to drive slowly to the moon at 3:10 a.m.. It took Yutu nearly a whole hour to complete the simple task.
Chang'e-3 landed at the Bay of Rainbows on the moon, at 9:11 p.m. on December 14, making China the third country in the world to carry out such a mission (执行此类任务) after the United States and Russia.
In old Chinese tales, Yutu was the white pet rabbit of Chang'e’s. The name for the rover was selected following an online survey that collected several million votes from people around the world.
The rover, 1.5 meters long with its two wings folded (折叠), 1 m in width and 1.1 m in height, is a perfect robot controlled by the command center from the earth. It will face challenges including temperature differences of more than 300℃ on the moon.
Yutu will do some research and look for natural resources (资源) for three months, while the lander will conduct an exploration at the landing place for one year. Then they will have a good rest on the moon and will not be used for a long time until China’s next probe visits the moon again.Which is the best title for the passage above?
| A．The American’sfirst rover on the moon | B．The tale of Chang’e |
| C．The journey to the moon | D．Yutu explores the moon |
Which is the correct order of the following events?
a. The 140 kg six-wheeled rover touched the moon surface.
b. The rover and lander will take photos of each other.
c. Yutu started to drive slowly to the moon.
d. Chang'e-3 landed at the Bay of Rainbows on the moon.
| A．a-b-c-d | B．c-d-a-b | C．d-c-a-b | D．c-a-b-d |
What does the underlined word “width” mean in Chinese?
| A．智力 | B．宽度 | C．重量 | D．长度 |
Which of the following is true according to the passage?
| A．The moon had been visited by only two countries before 2013. |
| B．Yutu is a perfect robot under the control of its own computer. |
| C．Yutu and Chang’e will return to the earth after the one-year mission. |
| D．Chang’e-3 is 140 kg in weight. |
There will soon be a second moon rover to explore the moon. Which is its proper name?
| A．Chang’e-5 | B．Yutu-2 | C．Shenzhou-11 | D．Tiangong-2 |
今天的火星是地球的前车之鉴，请根据以下要点写一篇短文，内容要点如下：
绝大多数科学家相信在火星上条件非常艰巨，没有生命;
但也有些科学家证明火星上曾经有过水和生命；
地球正在变得越来越来拥挤，污染越来越严重；
如此下去，地球将不适合人类居住了；
我们应该……（保护地球的做法）
注意：
1、短文要连贯通顺，语法正确，不要逐字翻译；
2、第5点用一、两句话展开合理的想象；
3、词数80左右。
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Your teenage years should be the most exciting and enjoyable years in your life. Here is some advice ① how you can get the most during the time.
Be Happy
You are young and full of energy. (72) There are lots of things you don’t have to worry about. You don’t need to worry about where to get your meals, where to sleep at night, or how to make money. During the time without a lot of worries, you should try your best to be happy every day.
Be Healthy
As a teenager, you will experience many changes in your body. So during the time you should learn to take care of yourself. Keep yourself clean and eat the right kinds of food. (73) What you are doing now will help you keep healthy in the future.
Be Wise
Keep close contact (接触) with your parents and other older people. You may have ten thousand questions as you come into this new stage of life. This is the time when you actually need your parents’ guidance (指导) and support.
Choose Your Friends
The friends you make will have a great ② on your teenage life. Choosing the right friends will save you a lot of trouble and sadness in the future.
Think over the above advice and try to enjoy your teenage years. As these years pass, you can prepare yourself for a good future.
任务一：请根据短文内容，分别写出①、②处所缺单词。（每空限填一词）① _____________ ② ______________
任务二：请把上文中画线的句子翻译成汉语。 ________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
任务三：请根据短文内容回答下列问题。How many suggestions are given to teenagers in this passage?
________________________________________________Why should teenagers choose right friends according to the passage?
Because _________________________________________________________.
阅读下面短文，用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空 (必要时可加情态动词或助动词)。
Mr. Brown was going away for a week. Before he left, he said to his son, "if anyone (ask) for me, you can tell him that your father __
____(be) out for doing something, and __
___(come) back in a week, then be sure __
___(tell) him to sit down for __
_____(have) a cup of tea." "OK, Dad," said his son. But he was afraid his son couldn’t remember this, he ___
____( write) these words down on a piece of paper and gave it to him. His son put it into his small pocket, took it out and looked at it every now and then.
Four days passed, but no one came to see his father. The boy thought that there was no man to come and that the piece of paper was of no more use for him, so he burnt it that evening.
The next afternoon, someone knocked at the door. When the door ____ (open), a man _
____(stand)at the door ."Where is your father?" The man asked. The boy put his hand into his pocket at once and looked for the piece of paper. He _
____(not, find )it. He suddenly remembered he had burnt it, so he shouted, "No more."
The man was very surprised. He asked, "No more? I met your father last week. Please tell me when it_____（ happen ）?" "Burnt yesterday evening."
My name is Tommy Wang. I am a Chinese boy. My telephone number is 85523963. My telephone is white. Look! This is my pencil box. ①It’s big and beautiful. It’s white. What’s in it? This is ② ________ eraser. It’s white. This is a pencil. It’s white. ③This is a ruler. It’s white, too. I like white. I like green, too. Look! ④My schoolbag is green. My notebook is green, too. But my favorite color is white.
This is my good friend. His name is John. ⑤He is English. Linda is John’s sister. I like my friend. Like English. 把第①处黑体字部分的句子译成汉语。
___________________________________________________________在第②处填入一个适当的冠词。
___________________________________________________________把第③处黑体字部分的句子改成复数。
___________________________________________________________就第④处黑体字部分句子的划线部分提问。
___________________________________________________________将第⑤处黑体字部分的句子改为同义句。
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Mrs. Herry lived in a city of America. Her husband had a few big stores. Two years ago the rich shopkeeper was hit(被撞) in a traffic accident. He was taken to a hospital at once, but the doctors could not save him and he soon died. He left his wife plenty of money, but the woman was very sad. She sent(打发) all servants(佣人), cooks and drivers away and began to live alone. But she took good care of Bobby, her husband’s dog. And she can’t leave him now.
One summer afternoon, Mrs. Herry went to do some shopping. Suddenly it began to rain, so she had to take a bus. As soon as she got on, she said to the driver, “Can you look for a seat for my dog if I buy a ticket for him, Sir? ”
The driver had a look at the dog and found its legs were very dirty. He said, “Of course I can, Madam. But he must sit on the seat like you do!”
根据短文内容，回答问题。When was the rich shopkeeper hit in a traffic accident?
_______________________________________________________Did Mr. Herry leave his wife plenty of money?
_______________________________________________________How did Mrs. Herry go home when it began to rain?
________________________________________________________What did Mrs. Herry look for her dog?
_________________________________________________________Why must the dog sit on the seat like Mrs. Herry did?
__________________________________________________________
Trees are useful to man in three very important ways. The first important way is that they provide man with food，wood and other products. Trees provide man and animals with food to live on the earth. It’s not easy for man to live on the earth without trees.
The second important way is that trees give us shade. On a hot summer day，people are eager to（急于）have a rest under the shade of a tree after they have walked a long way. You can imagine how important the shade of a tree is to man and animals.
The third important way is that trees help to prevent droughts and floods. However，in many parts of the world，man has not realized the third important way. He has cut trees down in large numbers. In the end he finds that he has lost the best friends he once had.Is it easy for man to live on the earth without trees?
What is the first important way that trees bring us?
Where are people eager to rest after they have walked a long way?
In the end he finds he has lost the best friends he once had. What does ‘the best friends” here mean?
What should we do in order to protect trees?
Do you still get free plastic bags from the supermarkets? Things have changed.
China has banned（禁止）free plastic bags in shops and supermarkets，and people have to pay for using plastic bags. The rule started on June 1st. It came because our country tried to make less litter. Making super-thin plastic bags has also been banned.
The Chinese once used about 3,000,000,000 plastic shopping bags a day，and they have caused pollution of the environment. The bags have become a main cause of plastic pollution because they are easy to break and people throw them away here and there. So the Chinese people are encouraged to bring their own bags for shop ping.
What kind of shopping bag is the best to bring? Some students in Chongqing have a good idea. They make their own shopping bags. They use old clothes to make cloth bags，and send them to their parents as presents. They also ask their parents and friends to use cloth bags instead of plastic ones. They think it is their duty to protect the environment.
根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 People in China have to now.
| A．throw plastic bags here and there |
| B．collect plastic bags in the street |
| C．pay for using plastic bags at shops and supermarkets |
| D．use free plastic bags at shops and supermarkets |
China made this rule because plastic bags were bad for the .
| A．environment | B．families | C．shops | D．supermarkets |
The Chinese people are encouraged to bring for shopping.
| A．no bags | B．free plastic bags |
| C．their own bags | D．super-thin plastic bags |
Some students in Chongqing .
| A．ask their parents to make cloth bags |
| B．make cloth bags themselves |
| C．pick up plastic bags everywhere |
| D．buy cloth bags for their parents |
What’s the main idea of this article?
| A．Making super-thin plastic bags has been banned in China. |
| B．The bags have become a main cause of plastic pollution. |
| C．Some students in Chongqing begin to make their own shopping bags. |
| D．To protect the environment，free plastic bags have been banned in China. |
请根据内容提示和要求以Welcome to _____________为题介绍一处你喜爱并熟悉的地方。
内容提示：1. 按空间顺序介绍该地方的环境和方位。
2. 介绍该地方的活动或特点。
3. 词数在80词左右。
4. 不得出现真实的人名，地名，校名。
Welcome to _________________
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下面是某学生针对上网有益还是有害进行讨论后的结果。请你据此用英语写一篇短文，介绍他们各自不同的观点，并给出你的看法。开头已给出。
| 赞成（60%） |
反对（40%） |
| 1.可以从网上获取所需信息 |
1.上网浪费时间和金钱 |
| 2.对学习有帮助 |
2.网上有学生不宜阅读的东西，对其有害。 |
| 3.在网上交朋友 |
3. get headaches or sore eyes |
| 4.receive and send e-mails to friends |
4.和朋友联系可以写信或打电话 |
| 你的看法 |
The table tells us that 60% of the students think getting online is very helpful.
假如你叫李华，你的同学正在开展一场讨论，主题是：学生要不要参加体育锻炼。请根据下面所提供的信息，给某英语报社写一封70—90词的信，介绍讨论情况。
| 60%的学生 |
40%的学生 |
| 1. 应该每天进行体育锻炼 |
1. 锻炼浪费时间 |
| 2. 做早操、打乒乓、打篮球，但不要时间过长 |
2. 锻炼使人疲劳 |
| 3. 锻炼能增强体质，减少疾病 |
3. 锻炼以后很兴奋，较长时间不能投入学习 |
注意：1. 信的开头、结尾已给出，不计入总词数；2. 参考单词：reduee vt．减少
Dear Editor,
I'm writing to tell you about a discussion we've had about whether the students should take physical exercise.________________________________________________________________
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Yours,
Li Hua
为深入开展“解放思想，改进作风，奋发有为，创先争优”主题教育实践活动，学校正在开展“创建文明班级”活动，请根据下表的内容，以“A Meaningful Activity”为题，向报社投稿，介绍活动有关的情况。
| 主题 |
告别陋习，握手文明 |
| 目的 |
根除乱扔、乱吐、乱画、吸烟、喝酒等现象； 提倡穿校服、讲礼貌。 |
| 内容 |
举办图片展，进行先进班级评比（环境和行为）等。 |
要求：1、必须包括提示内容，可以适当发挥；2、词数：80 - 100；
3、参考词汇：文明 civilization; 校园 campus; 告别陋习，握手文明 “Get rid of Bad Habits and Greet Civilization”
A Meaningful Activity
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请你以David的身份给May写一封信, 介绍你自己和你家人的情况。你可以谈谈他们的工作和他们所喜欢的食品。信的开头和末尾已经给出。你需要用下面的提示词: family, happy, teacher, doctor, fish, chicken, vegetables。要求60-70词。
Dear May,
I’m David. I’m from England. __________________________________________________
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Yours,
David
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