初中英语阅读理解

In the 13th century(世纪), the famous Italian traveller, Marco Polo, travelled a long way to China.During his stay in China, he saw many wonderful things. One of the things he discovered was that the Chinese used paper money. In western countries, people did not use paper money until the 15^th century. However, people in China began to use paper money in the 7th century(世纪).
A Chinese man called Cai Lun invented(发明) paper almost 2,000 years ago. He made it from wood. He took the wood from trees and made it into paper. He then put these pieces of paper together and made them into a book. Now paper still comes from trees. We use a lot of paper every day. If we keep on wasting（浪费）so much paper, there will not be any trees left on the earth. If there are no trees, there will be no paper. Every day, people throw away about 2,800 tons(吨) of paper in our city. It takes 17 trees to make one ton of paper.This means that we are cutting nearly 48,000 trees every day. Since it takes more than 10 years for a tree to grow, we must start using less paper now. If we don't, we will not have enough time to grow more trees to take the place of those we use for paper.
So how can we save paper? We can use both sides of every piece of paper, especially when we are making notes. We can choose drinks in bottles instead of those in paper packets. We can also use cotton handkerchiefs (手帕) and not paper ones. When we go shopping, we can use fewer paper bags. If the shop assistant gives us a paper bag, we can save it and reuse it later.
Everyone can help to save paper. If we all think carefully, we can help protect(保护) trees. But we should do it now , before it is too late.
When he was in China, Marco Polo_________.

A．discovered Cai Lun invented paper

B．learned to make paper

C．saw many wonderful things

D．read a lot of books

. People in western countries first used paper money in the______ century.

A．17th

B．15th

C．13th

D．7th

About _____ tons of paper is thrown away every day in our city.

A．1,700	B．2,000
C．2,800	D．48,000

Which of the following is NOT the way of saving paper?

A．To use both sides of every piece of paper.

B．To use the paper bags from shops more than once.

C．To use cotton handkerchiefs instead of paper ones.

D．To grow more trees.

Which is the best title of the passage?

A．Saving Paper

B．The History of Paper

C．Cotton Handkerchiefs Back Again

D．Cai Lun, the Great Inventor

                              House For Sale
Red Rose Garden， Pudong
3-story home， 509 sqm total (总的) land area， 428.8 sqm built-in， 312.2 sqm garden. Asking RMB 13 million (USD 1.57 million).
MP: 13761973547     Tel: [phone]    Fax: [phone]
Job Wanted
Cherry， 24， a shining girl， good at oral English and Putonghua. Now I am working at an international trade (国际贸易) company in Guangzhou. I am kind-hearted， hard-working and healthy， and would like part-time weekend work offering Putonghua lessons to foreign friends. If you are interested， please email me at [e-mail].
Beijing Snow World Ski Park
Price: 18 yuan (ticket)， 50 yuan/hour on weekdays and 70 yuan/hour on weekends， 120 yuan/four hours on weekdays and 190 yuan/four hours on weekends.
Tel : [phone]
If an Australian student wants to learn Chinese， he or she can __________.

A．call 021-58609228	B．fax [phone]
C．email [e-mail]	D．telephone [phone]

How many square meters is the garden of the house for sale?

A．509 sqm.

B．428.8 sqm.

C．312.2 sqm.

D．80.2 sqm.

Where is Cherry working now?

A．Shanghai.

B．Guangzhou.

C．Beijing.

D．Pudong.

If he goes skiing on __________ in Beijing Snow World Ski Park， Nick has to pay more money than on Tuesday.

A．Sunday

B．Friday

C．Wednesday

D．Monday

If you want to ski for four hours on weekdays， how much money will you pay at least?

A．138 yuan

B．200 yuan

C．208 yuan

D．280 yuan

If you live in the United States, the law says you can't have a full-time job until you are 16 years old. At 14 or 15, you can work part-time after school or on weekend, and during summer you can work 40 hours each week. Does all that mean that if you are younger than 14, you can't earn(赚) your own money? Of course not! Kids who are between the ages of 10 and 13 can earn money by doing lots of things.
Valerie, 11, told us that she made money by cleaning up other people's yards. Lena, 13, makes money by knitting (织) dog sweaters and selling them to her neighbours, and Reisa said she had started taking art classes and showing her work to people. People have asked her to draw pictures for them and they pay her for them. Jasmine, 13, writes articles for different magazines!
Earning is learning. By working to earn your own money, you are learning the skills you will need to succeed in life. These skills can include things like getting along with others, using technology(技术) and using your time. Some people think that asking for money is a lot easier than earning it; however, when you make your own money, you don't have to depend on someone else. The five dollars that you earn will probably make you feel a lot better in your hand than the twenty dollars you ask for.
Kids can have full-time jobs at the age of _______ in the USA.
A. 17      B. 14      C. 13    D. 10
If you are 15 years old, you can’t work ______.

A．after school	B．on weekends
C．during summer	D．on weekdays

Reisa makes money by _______.

A．cleaning up other people's yards

B．drawing pictures for others

C．writing articles for different magazines

D．knitting dog sweaters and selling them to her neighbours

According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?
A. You are learning how to succeed by working in your teens.
B. Kids are encouraged to live independently in the USA.
C. Earning one's money is better than asking for money from others.
D. Kids don't need to get along with others when making money.
From the passage we know that _______.

A．parents won't let their children earn their own money

B．it is hard for kids under 14 years old to earn money in the USA

C．kids can learn skills if they try to earn money on their own

D．if kids try to earn money, they won't have enough time to study

A man was driving when he found a chicken running along the road, beside his car.
He was surprised to see that the chicken was keeping up with him. Looking at his speedometer (速度计), he found that he was doing 50 miles per hour (MPH).
Then he drove at 60 MPH, and the chicken stayed right next to him. He sped up to 75 MPH and it still kept up.
The man then found that the chicken had three legs. Growing even more curious (好奇), he followed the chicken down a road and into a farm. He got out of his car and saw that all the chickens around him had three legs.
He asked the farmer, “What’s up with the three-legged chickens?”
The farmer said, “Well, whenever we have chicken for diner, everyone in the family fights over the legs, but there are only two. I have raised a kind of three-legged chicken. It’s going to make me richer.”
“How do they taste?” the man asked.
The farmer said, “Don’t know yet, I haven’t been able to catch one.”
How did the man feel when he saw the chicken keeping up with him?

A．Happy.

B．Scared.

C．Angry.

D．Surprised.

What does the underlined “it” refer to (指的是)?

A．The car.	B．The chicken.
C．The speedometer.	D．The road.

Why did the farmer raise the three-legged chicken?

A．Because he wanted to be rich so that he can buy many chicken legs.

B．Because his wife wants to have chicken legs every day.

C．Because everyone in his family fights over the legs while having chicken for dinner.

D．Because everyone in his family hasn’t had chicken legs for a long time.

Which following statement is TRUE according to the passage?

A．The farmer knew the three-legged chickens tasted good.

B．The farmer had become richer because of the three-legged chickens.

C．The chickens ran too fast for the farmer to catch.

D．There was only one three-legged chicken on the farm.

May 2, Saturday We arrived in Hangzhou at 3:00 pm. After we walked out of the train station, we took a taxi to the hotel. The hotel was very clean. We stayed there for three days. Then we wanted to travel to Hainan.

May 5, Tuesday In the morning we went to Hainan by plane. The people in Hainan were very friendly. Then we went to a beautiful beach. It was sunny. So we had great fun playing in the water.

May 7, Thursday It was rainy today. So we went to a museum. We saw many old things there. Then we went to the aquarium (水族馆) to see some sea animals. We saw many kinds of fish. They were very lovely. I hope I could come to Hannan again.

How did the writer go to Hangzhou?

A．By train.	B．By plane.
C．By taxi.	D．By bus.

The writer stayed in Hangzhou for          days.

A．two

B．three

C．four

D．five

They          on Tuesday.

A．visited a museum

B．saw some sea animals

C．had dinner in a restaurant

D．played in the water

It was          on May 7.

A．sunny

B．hot

C．rainy

D．windy

Which of the following is NOT true?

A．The writer wanted to visit Hainan again.

B．The writer took a train to Hainan.

C．The people in Hainan were very friendly.

D．There were many kinds of fish in the aquarium.

[1]People usually check if their keys, wallets and phones are with them before going out. But many people in China now have one more important thing to take ,a face mask(面罩). They hope that it can protect them from polluted air.
[2]Since January, many cities in China have seen a lot of hazy(雾蒙蒙的)days.
In Beijing, only five days in January were free of smog(雾霾). People in Xi’an saw a blue sky only one day in February. Smog is dirty air that looks like fog and smoke.
[3]An official for the Ministry of Environmental Protection told Beijing News that PM2.5 pollution is the main problem with air pollution. PM.2.5 refers to pollution with small particles(颗 粒) of 2.5 micrometers or less in diameter(直径).
[4]According to the Chinese Academy of Sciences, driving cars and burning coal are two major reasons for PM2.5.
[5]Poor air is bad for people’s health, especially for Children’s. Hospital shows that from January 5th  to January 11th , half of the patients in the internal medicine department(内科门诊)  are there for breathing problems.
[6]空气问题已经影响到整个国家。
[7]The Chinese government said that they would work hard to help the air pollution problems out and give people a healthy living environment.
[8]It calls on people to make full use energy and cut down on energy use.
[9]Don’t often do outdoors sports. If you have to go out, wear a mask. Read the instructions carefully before putting on one. If you won’t wear it in the right way, you may feel dizzy(头晕) and weak.
[10]Wash your face and clean your nose as soon as you get home. It’s the most important for us to walk out        driving a car.
Translate the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 into Chinese.
__________________________________________________________________________
Translate the underlined sentence in Paragraph 6 into English.
__________________________________________________________________________
Fill in the blank in Paragraph 10 with the proper phrase(适当的短语).  (no more than 2 words)
__________________________________________________________________________
What does the government call on people to do ?  (no more than 15 words )
__________________________________________________________________________
What is the passage mainly about?  (no more than 10 words)
__________________________________________________________________________

If you want to study English well, you need to do the following things.
Joining an English club is a good idea and joining an international club (where English is in use at least some of the time) is, for many people, even better.
In order to learn English well, you should keep practicing it as much as possible. There are several good ways to help you with the English study.
First, you may take notes of any mistakes made by you, so as to get familiar with the correct usage of the English language.
Second, it’s important to improve your ability, especially the ability of reading comprehension(理解). By reading more English articles, you will build your sense of English.
Third, try to form a reciting(背诵) habit. Well-written paragraphs are worth reciting. By memorizing them, you will find that writing English articles is not so difficult.
Last but not the least, you should always use a dictionary with both Chinese and English explanations. It will tell you the differences between these two beautiful languages.
Who may be the most suitable readers of this article?

A．Anyone who likes maths.

B．Anyone who wants to learn English well.

C．English teachers.

D．Anyone who wants to learn Chinese well.

From this article, we know we can use the following ways to learn English well except__________.

A．going abroad to learn English

B．joining an English club

C．Keeping practicing it as much as possible

D．trying to form a reciting habit

By reading more English articles, you will build _____________.

A．your knowledge of English grammar

B．your ability of English writing

C．your ability of singing English writing songs

D．your sense of English

What’s the best title of the article?

A．We should take notes of any mistake made by us.

B．We should read English more.

C．How to learn English well.

D．We should buy a dictionary with both Chinese and English explanations.

Everyone knows that exercise is important. We need to exercise. Doctors say it is good fo r us. It keep our bodies strong.
When the daytime comes, we must get up. This is the time for exercise. Exercise means doing things with the body. There are many ways to exercise. You can walk, run, swim, skate, or play ball games. Make sure you excise in the following ways: you have to like what you’re doing. Exercise enough---but not too much. It is good to exercise twice each week. Thirty minutes each time is enough. Try all kinds of things until you find one, two or three sports that feel right for you.
Exercise can be fun. Friends can exercise together at fitness center, or they can play sports together. How do you exercise?
In the passage the writer tells us that we all need to_______________.

A．drink

B．relax

C．exercise

D．work

Which of the following sports can’t we find in the passage?

A．Fishing

B．Running

C．Swimming

D．Walking

What does  exercise mean according to the passage?

A．It means doing things with the body

B．It means studying

C．It means doing lessons.

D．It means playing

What can exercise do to the body?

A．It can make the body weak

B．It can make us sleep more

C．It can make the body sick

D．It can make the body healthy

The words “fitness center” in the passage mean_________

A．减肥中心

B．健身中心

C．购物中心

D．医疗中心

New traffic laws(交通法)say that if people cross the street when the light is red, they can be fined as much as 50 yuan.
The law has new rules for drivers and pedestrians (行人). Drivers have to slow down when they are close to crosswalks. If people are in a crosswalk, cars must stop to let them pass.
There are rules for bus drivers, too. If bus drivers smoke, drink or make phone calls while driving, they can be fined. Buses that carry too many people are also against the law.
Do your ride a bike to school? It’s not a good idea to carry classmates on the back.You could be fined 50 yuan. And stay in the bike lane(车道)when you’re riding. The big roads are for cars and buses.
Do you like to ride your uncle’s motorbike? When you put on your helmet(头盔), ask him to put one on, too. People on motorbikes must wear helmets, the new laws says. If they don’t, they’ll have to pay 200 yuan.
Do you ride in cars often? Don’t forget to put on your seat belt (安全带),even if you’re going for a short taxi ride. It could save your life.
If you see a hit-and–run (肇事逃逸), tell the police. They may give you a reward(奖赏). And don’t be afraid to help people to the hospital if they are hurt in an accident. Don’t worry about money. The new law says the doctors must take care of them even if they can’t pay right away.
What does the word“crosswalk”mean in Chinese?

A．过马路

B．人行横道

C．立交桥

D．车行道

If you are a bus driver, ______ while you are driving, according to the new traffic laws.

A．you can make a phone call

B．you can’t talk to others

C．you can’t smoke

D．you can drink

When you ride in a car, the first thing you must do is__________.

A．to put on the helmet

B．To pay the driver

C．to put on the seat belt

D．To see if it carries too many people

You should do all the following EXCEPT_________.

A．carrying your classmate on the back when you’re riding a bike

B．phoning the police when you see a hit-and-run

C．helping people to the hospital if they are hurt in an accident

D．wearing your helmet while riding a motorbike

MSG (monosodium glutamate) is a food additive (食品添加剂), which has been widely used by many food factories all over the world since it appeared first in Japan in 1909.
MSG is a substance that is added to some food to improve its original (原先的) taste and colour. It is used in foods around the world such as cakes, bread, frozen meats, fish and vegetables. In the beginning, people thought MSG was safe just like salt and sugar. However, in 1968 some people reported they seemed to have bad reactions (反应) to MSG after having had a meal at a restaurant. They included headaches and quick heartbeat (心跳). It was also reported that MSG excited a person's brain and caused his death in Japan. Scientists think that MSG may lead to many neurological disorders (神经紊乱). In mice studies done by a university, the evidence showed the mice didn’t want to eat the food including MSG.
Today many food companies “hide” MSG on food labels (标签) by using different names. If you see “natural flavorings”, “hydrolyzed protein” and “spices” in a food label, you are probably seeing a hidden way to “report” MSG in a food label. Every time we have a meal in a restaurant, we always feel the food very delicious to taste, but sometimes it is dangerous for our health because some poisonous food additives have been added to the food.
To protect people’s health, our governments, from central to local, are taking actions to stop factories producing poisonous food additives.
Monosodium Glutamate is _______.

A．a food	B．an additive
C．a factory	D．a country

MSG is often used in _______.

A．frozen meats	B．cups
C．clothes	D．book covers

The examples in the second paragraph tell us ________.

A．the food including MSG is delicious

B．people like to eat in a restaurant

C．mice like eating the food including MSG

D．MSG is not safe sometimes

If you see “natural flavorings”, “hydrolyzed protein” and “spices” in a food label, you will  know________.

A．you must eat the food in a hidden way

B．the food label must be hidden

C．MSG is probably added to the food

D．you must report the food to your parents

The underlined word “substance” in the article means __________.

A．colour

B．material

C．taste

D．Food

Now cities are full of cars. Some families even have two or more cars. Parking is a great problem, and so is the traffic in and around the cities. Something will have to be done to change it.
What will the cars of tomorrow be like?
Little cars may some day take the place of today’s big cars. If everyone drives little cars in the future, there will be less pollution in the air. There will also be more space for parking cars in cities, and the streets will be less crowded. Three little cars can fit in the space now needed for one car of the usual size.
The little cars will cost much less to own and to drive. Driving will be safer, too. What is more, these little cars can go about 65 kilometers per hour.
Little cars of the future will be fine for getting around a city, but they will not be useful for long trips. If big cars are still used along with the small ones, two sets of roads will be needed in the future. Some roads will be used for the big, fast cars, and other roads will be needed for the slower small ones.
Cars in the future mustn’t bring ________ pollution in the air.

A．more

B．fewer

C．less

D．no

The little car’s size may be ________ today’s car’s size.

A．one third of	B．two thirds of
C．as big as	D．as small as

Little cars are very fine for ________.

A．long trips	B．journeys
C．everyday life	D．sport

The big cars are ________ the little cars for long trips.

A．as useful as	B．not so useful as
C．more useful than	D．less useful than

Suzhou is a famous city in China. You can see beautiful mountains and trees in the city.
Travel time:

08:00— 10:00	Pick you up from the hotel in Shanghai and go to Suzhou.
10:00— 11:00	Visit the Tiger Hill. It is called as “the most famous place in Wuzhong”.
11:00— 12:00	Visit Hanshan Temple.
12:00— 13:00	Lunchtime.
13:00— 14:00	Visit the No.1 Silk Factory. Suzhou is famous for its silk production(产品).
14:00— 16:00	Visit the Humble Administrator’s Garden. This garden has three parts: the eastern part, the middle part and the western part.
16:00— 18:00	Return to Shanghai.

How to book (预订)：
☆ you must book by email. Tell us which hotel you are staying at and wait for our confirmation (确认) email.
☆ Our tour guide will call you the night before the tour and tell you when we will meet the next morning.
The writer must be a _______.

A．visitor	B．waiter
C．a tour guide (导游)	D．travel agent (代理人)

The tourist will visit ______ places in Suzhou.

A．six

B．five

C．four

D．three

What will they visit at 13:00?

A．The No.1 Silk Factory.

B．Hanshan Temple.

C．The Tiger Hill.

D．The Humble Administrator’s Garden.

If you want to book, you must________.

A．go to their office	B．call the tour guide
C．send them a letter	D．send them an email

The best title for this passage is “________”.

A．A Famous City, Suzhou	B．Suzhou Silk
C．A one-day Suzhou Tour	D．Main sights in Suzhou

Robots have come a long way since 15th century. We’ve got robots to build cars, carry heavy things, work in dangerous places and explore planets. But things haven’t stopped there.
In 1986, Honda made a robot called ASIMO. And now, it has been developed greatly. Standing at 130cm and weighing 54kg. ASIMO is very much like a small astronaut wearing a bag on the back. And he can walk, flight, climb and run fast. Isn’t it wonderful?
The world’s first robot teacher is Saya. With her human-like face, she can show expressions like happiness, surprise, sadness, dislike, fear and she can even smile or show anger at students, which look much like a real teacher’s. To do this, her rubber skin is pulled from the back with motors inside. And her eyes and mouth have wires(电线) too. She can also say some simple words like “hello” or “thank you”.
In the UK, the development of robots is exciting. The mini-robots will send food, clean floors, collect and throw away waste. These robots can open doors by themselves and stop if anything or anyone is in the way.
These mini-robots are very useful for controlling infection(传染). Usually clean and dirty work is done by the same person, but here, you’ll have robots that do”dirty work”, like collecting dirty sheets, or taking away hospital waste； and you’ll have robots that do”clean work”, like bringing meals or clean sheets to patients. The robots have separate work so there’s no way for infection, which is great. But of course, robots would not take the piece of humans, but would free up more time for nurses to be with patients.
But if this is what it’s like in 2011, what’s it going to be like to 2021?
In the following, which is ASIMO’s behavior?

A．Smiling at people, saying “hello”.

B．Sending food or opening doors by himself

C．Fighting, climbing or running fast

D．Collecting waste for patients

What makes Saya look real?

A．Her face and rich expressions	B．Her clothes and shoes
C．Her walking and running speed	D．Her rich knowledge

Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A．Robots have come a long way since 1986.

B．The first robot teacher was made by Honda.

C．Saya looks like a small astronaut.

D．If anyone or anything is in the way, mini-robots will stop.

The main idea of Paragraph 5 is that _______.

A．nurses would have more free time with patients

B．robots would not take the place of humans

C．dirty and clean work is always done by the same person

D．mini-robots are useful for controlling infection

Mr father woke me up early one summer morning when I was fourteen and announced(宣布): “Get up， you’re going with me to cut the grass in the garden.”
The idea that my father thought I was old enough to help him in his business made me feel proud and excited. From sunup to sundown， my father， my younger brother and I worked in the large garden. By the end of the day I was too tired to say a word but I felt good. This was my first time to help my father in his business. I got $ 6 for my work that day.
One day my father found some leaves I had missed and pulled me aside. “Take away these leaves!” he said， “and don’t make me have to tell you to do it again.” The message was clear. Today I value(珍视) the importance of doing a job well the first time. It will never fail to impress(给……留下印象) the person you are working for.
After two years， my father told me and my brother that he felt we were old enough to cut the grass by ourselves. Every Saturday during my last two years of high school， we set off early in the morning with the same strong wish we had gained while working under our father.
Looking after the garden was neither exciting nor high paying， but that didn’t matter. It taught me that any job was a good job and that whatever I was paid was more than I had before.
A newspaper reporter once asked me how someone could possibly live with hard work and low pay. “If you’re only thinking about hard work and money， you probably don’t want to do any better than you are doing.” I answered. In every job， from cutting the grass to washing dishes， I’ve learned much. I’ve learned something that helps me in my next job.
If you work hard enough， you can learn from any job you do.
The writer felt proud and cited when he was asked to cut the grass because he thought __________.

A．he could cut the grass himself

B．he could make much money

C．he could enjoy sunup and sundown

D．he could help his family

The word “message” in the passage probably refers to(指) __________.

A．not leaving leaves behind

B．giving no excuse for your mistakes

C．doing a good job at the very beginning

D．missing things which can be found out

When the writer finished high school， maybe he was __________ years old.

A．fourteen

B．eighteen

C．twenty

D．twenty-two

Which of the following does the writer probably think is the most important?

A．Keeping learning from any job you had.

B．Asking no money for work.

C．Finishing work as quickly as possible.

D．Keeping looking for different jobs.

The writer probably thinks his father is __________.

A．lazy

B．helpful

C．careless

D．funny

Many people like to watch TV. Watching TV is one of the most important activities of the day. TV brings the outside closer to people’s homes. Some people say the world is smaller than before because of TV.
What’s going on in the other countries? How do people live in places far away? Is there a good sports game somewhere? What’s the life like in the deepest(最深的) part of the sea?
If you want to answer these and other kinds of questions, just turn on the TV. Turn it on and watch. You can see a lot and learn a lot. Of course, people can also learn through reading or listening to the radio. But with TV they can learn better and more easily. Why? Because they can hear and watch, too.
TV helps to open our eyes. TV also helps to open our minds(思想). TV often give us new ideas. We learn newer and better ways of doing something.
Some people say the world is smaller than before because    .

A．TV makes the earth smaller and smaller

B．all people like to watch TV

C．watching TV is one of the most important activities of the day.

D．TV brings the outside world closer to people.

We can      when we watch TV.

A．go to live in the other countries

B．answer TV many questions

C．get a lot of information

D．ask TV some questions

People learn better through TV than through radio because   .

A．TV sets are bigger than radios

B．people can not only hear but also watch

C．without TV people can’t open their eyes

D．it’s easier to turn on TV than to turn on radio

The sentence “TV also helps to open our minds” means:

A．our minds can only be opened by TV

B．something is wrong with our minds

C．it can help us to increase(增长) our knowledge(知识)

D．TV is new to us

This article(文章) tells us      .

A．it’s good to watch TV

B．not to watch TV any more

C．students shouldn’t watch TV at any time

D．to stop reading to watch TV