初中英语阅读理解

Historically，most cars have run on gasoline（汽油），but that may change in the future：cars can also run on other liquid fuels（液体燃料）and electricity.

Gasoline is from oil.The energy in gasoline comes from hydrocarbons（碳氢化合物）.Gasoline provides great power for cars.However，it causes environmental problems，like air pollution and temperature rise.So gasoline can't be the best fuel.

Another choice is electricity.Electricity cars can be as efficient（效能好的）as cars using gasoline，And they produce less pollution.But electric cars themselves are more expensive.Good news is that the cost has been lower and there are more and more places for the cars to get electricity ever since 2010.

The other choices are other liquid fuels.Many of these can be stored in the same places as gasoline，and used in the same cars.They can also be friendly to the environment.

One way to make such fuels is to get CO ₂from the air and put it in water.Through chemical reaction，hydrocarbons can be created.However，these fuels take up more space.

Another way is to make such fuels from plants which take in carbon from the air.These fuels are greener in use.But not all of them can be as efficient as gasoline.

For a fuel to be the best，people have to be able to afford it.Unluckily，almost every green technology is more expensive than that of using gasoline.Governments and car producers are doing everything they car to cut down the costs.In the end，the best fuel will be both affordable for car users and green for our planet.

（1）Gasoline provides cars with 　    　.

A．	great power
B．	fresh air
C．	clean water
D．	enough space

（2）According to Paragraph 3，we can infer that electric cars 　 　.

A．	produce less pollution
B．	will become more and more expensive
C．	will become more popular
D．	are more efficient than those using gasoline

（3）The structure of the passage may be 　 　.

A．
B．
C．
D．

（4）What would be the best title for the passage？ 　    　

A．	How Do We Protect Our Planet？
B．	What Are the Fuels' Differences？
C．	What Is the Best Fuel for Cars？
D．	How Do We Make Fuels for Cars？

2021 is the year of the ox（牛）.In March，a set of stamps about the famous Tang Dynasty painting，Five Oxen，came out. Itallows more people to know better the great art of ancient China，as well as the importance of agriculture（农业）in history.

Han Huang （723﹣787）was the painter of Five Oxen.He worked as a government official in the Tang Dynasty.His paintings were loved by many because the animals he painted were so alive.Unluckily，Five Oxen is probably his only painting left.

Five Oxen is one of the best animal paintings in China's art history.In the painting，the five oxen are in a line.They are of different colors and shapes.And each has a different appearance（形态），walking or standing，holding their heads high or low.With lively expressions and bright eyes，the oxen show the spirit of doing hard work without complaints（抱怨）.As the name suggests， ▲.It makes people focus（关注）on the oxen themselves.

The painting was missing in 1900.Luckily，it returned to China during the early 1950s.However，it was terribly broken with many holes in it.Great efforts were made to save it.Now Five Oxen，probably the oldest Chinese painting on paper，is kept with care in the Palace Museum in Beijing.

（1）The underlined word " It" in Paragraph 1 refers to " 　 　

A．	The year of the ox
B．	The set of stamps
C．	The Tang Dynasty
D．	The painting Five Oxen

（2）Han Huang's paintings were loved by many because the animals he painted were so 　 　.

A．	alive
B．	bright
C．	lucky
D．	colorful

（3）Which of the following sentences can be put in the ▲？ 　     

A．	the ox is very popular in the Tang Dynasty
B．	the ox is a symbol of Chinese traditional culture
C．	the painting is of the five oxen with no special background
D．	the painting wants to tell people to work hard and creatively

（4）This passage mainly wants to tell us that 　      　.

A．	Five Oxen is Han's only painting left
B．	oxen have different colors and shapes
C．	oxen are very hard﹣working animals
D．	Five Oxen is valuable and meaningful

Build for yourself a strong box.Build each part with care；

When it strong as your hand can make it，

Put all your troubles there.

Hide there all thought of your failures.And each pain that you take；

Lock all your heartaches in it，

Then sit on the lid（盖子）and laugh

Tell no one else what's inside，Never share its secrets；

When you've dropped in your care and worry，

Keep them for ever there.Hide them from sight（视野）so completely；

That the world will never dream half；Cover the strong box safely，

Then sit on the lid and laugh.

（1）The material above is probably 　    　.

A．	a story
B．	a play
C．	a poem
D．	a letter

（2）What does the writer advise us to put in the box？ 　 　

A．	Happy things.
B．	Sad things.
C．	Interesting things.
D．	Boring things.

（3）According to the writer，we'd better keep these things in the box 　 　.

A．	for ever
B．	for a year
C．	for a month
D．	for a week

（4）After covering the box with the lid，we can sit on it and 　    　.

A．	cry
B．	share
C．	dream
D．	laugh

Most viruses can be found and killed by our immune system as soon as they enter our bodies.However，some viruses，for example，the coronavirus，are sneaky.They are difficult to recognize and find.These viruses can cause deadly diseases，like COVID﹣19.Human﹣to﹣human transmission can easily occur，and pandemic will therefore break out.Vaccination is by now a simple，safe and effective way to protect us from the diseases.

▲Vaccines are something that "looks" exactly the same as the viruses，mainly made from the viruses that are weakened or killed.They will not make us really ill.They only stimulate and activate our immune system to work，telling it something harmful is coming in.The immune system will know what the "viruses" look like，and send B cells（lymphocytes）or antibodies to find and kill them.Meanwhile，B cells will remember them for the next kill.A vaccine may also give us passive immunity by providing B cells taken from an animal or a human to play the same role.

Scientists have developed more than 180 vaccines to fight against COVID49.The technical approaches of these vaccines can be a little different，but their aims are the same.

Take the inactivated vaccine as an example.In an inactivated vaccine，the coronaviruses are already killed or made into the ones unable to produce more new viruses.When the immune system "sees" them，it will try to kill them.The question is：without enough these viruses• how can B cells remember them？That's why we need to take the vaccine more than one time.Though this vaccine is safe，it might not be as effective as it is expected to be.

The live﹣attenuated vaccine is different.In this vaccine，the viruses are weakened，but they are alive.They can produce enough new viruses to train the immune system to kill and remember them，so people only need to take the vaccine once.The live﹣attenuated vaccine is considered the most effective，but there is a worry：what might happen once these viruses wake up？

Therefore，although vaccination is by now one of the best ways to protect us from COVID﹣19，it can be better.

（1）The coronavirus can 　 　.

A．	not be killed
B．	not be found
C．	cause deaths
D．	stop pandemic

（2）Which of the following can be the best topic sentence of Paragraph 2？ 　 　

A．	Vaccination can provide us with B cells.
B．	Vaccines are made from different viruses.
C．	Vaccination can prepare us against viruses.
D．	Vaccines won't make us ill as the viruses do.

（3）Compared to the inactivated vaccine，the live﹣attenuated vaccine 　 　.

A．	needs taking more than once
B．	is equally safe
C．	contains viruses that are killed
D．	is more effective

（4）What can we learn from the passage？ 　 　

A．	Vaccination is good enough to treat COVID﹣19.
B．	The immune system can be more effective with vaccines.
C．	The viruses in inactivated vaccines can make new viruses.
D．	180 vaccines have been developed to fight against diseases.

Lima，the capital of Peru，is located in the central coastal part of the country，overlooking the Pacific Ocean.With a population of more than 9 million，Lima is one of the largest cities and the only capital in South America that faces the ocean.

Lima has a long history.The lost Inca civilization ，is thought to be a mystery.There are many museums，where you can learn：how the ancient American Indians founded the Inca Empire and built Machu Picchu，a famous ancient city in the Andes Mountains；what happened in 1532 and why over 90% of Peruvians speak Spanish.Visiting the historic center，a World Heritage Site you may find you are communicating with both the past and the present.

Lima is also a place where you can find the lifestyles and fashions，created by its people and culture.You will see Peruvian clothes，dances，and taste their delicious foods and drinks.You can see buildings in different styles，enjoy the fantastic sunset over the ancient ruins，climb the mountains，fly over the ocean，or sit in the restaurants and bars to experience Peruvians' relaxing life.

You may have heard "It never rains in Lima. " In fact，the special geographic feature makes it not as dry as it is said to be and it is warm all year round.Though it seldom rains in summer，it sometimes drizzles on early winter mornings.The drizzleand the wet air "water" the ground，which makes the crops and the plants grow.Moreover，modern technology helps to bring water from the snow and ice on the top of the Andes （over 6，000 m high）for the city to use.People there never waste water.

Lima is such an amazing city that it is worth a visit.

（1）According to the passage，where is Lima on the map？ 　    　

A．
B．
C．
D．

（2）Most people in Lima speak 　     　.

A．	Indian
B．	Spanish
C．	English
D．	Inca language

（3）The underlined word "drizzle" probably means 　 　.

A．	warm air
B．	sea water
C．	snow and ice
D．	very light rain

（4）Lima is a city 　    　.

A．	which is rich in water resources
B．	where people can learn Inca culture
C．	which is the largest in South America
D．	where the houses are in the same style

If we want to grow as people，we can't just depend on our own evaluation（评价）of how we're doing.We also need to know what other people think about our performance.Receiving feedback（反馈）from others can help us see the larger picture and show us a way forward to success.However，someone has to give that feedback，and sometimes，that someone will be you.How should you deal with this？

First things first-if you notice a situation in which some feedback would be helpful，give it as soon as you can.If you wait until the matter disappears from the person's mind，they might not understand what you're trying to tell them.Take the person to a safe，comfortable place and offer your advice in private.

When you're giving feedback，it's important to keep in mind that no one likes to be told they're doing a bad job.Make sure you give an equal（相等的）amount of good feedback to balance out（平衡）anything bad.Like the saying goes， " A spoonful of sugar helps the medicine go down."

All good feedback shares something in common.First，it should help achieve a goal.It's less useful to tell your friends that their dish tastes "interesting" than it is to suggest adding a little salt.Feedback should also look toward the future.You can't change what's already happened，but you can prevent it from happening again.Tell your friends they should take more notes in class instead of talking about how they should have studied harder for the big history exam they failed.

Finally，don't think your suggestion is the only correct way to deal with a situation.You might even end up with some feedback on your feedback.Don't take it personally﹣﹣it can only help you give better advice next time.

（1）What does the underlined word "this" in Paragraph probably mean？ 　 　

A．	Seeing the picture.
B．	Giving feedback.
C．	Receiving feedback.
D．	Showing a way to success.

（2）Why is it important to give feedback in time according to Paragraph 2？       

A．	You might forget to tell the person later on.
B．	Perhaps the person wants the feedback right away.
C．	Maybe the person needs time to understand your advice.
D．	If you wait to long，the person might forget what's happened.

（3）What can we infer（推断）from the underlined saying in Paragraph 3？ 　    　

A．	It's helpful to keep on giving bad feedback.
B．	It's difficult to do a good job all the time.
C．	It's better to balance good and bad feedback.
D．	It's important to think twice before giving feedback.

（4）The passage is mainly about 　 　.

A．	what characters good feedback includes
B．	how people should give feedback properly
C．	the differences between good and bad feedback
D．	the importance of giving and receiving feedback

The Youth Climate Summit（气候峰会） a week﹣long festival of climate action for primary and middle schools in the UK，starts on 9 November.It aims to create a fairer，more environmental world and make promises that will help the planet.Climate change is the long﹣term changes in the world's weather patterns that are mostly caused by human activity. "Unlike world leaders， "say the summit's organizers. "young people are refusing to let it drop off the plan. "

Each day has a topic，which includes food and fashion，looking at how humans harm the environment and how to save the planet.Organizations are leading some on line activities.For example，the Marine Conservation Society is hosting meetings on protecting sea fish.Separately，the environmental organization Greenpeace is running a workshop on how to turn worn﹣out clothing into something new and wearable.

The summit will finish on 13 November，when youth ambassadors（大使）wants schools to stop paper waste.Max，another 16﹣year﹣old ambassador wants schools to organize more trips and activities that get students outside to experience the beauty of nature.As part of the summit，hundreds of schools across the country are signing up to the Let's Go Zero activity，aiming to become carbon﹣zero（零碳的）by 2030.

Carbon﹣zero schools are ones that promise to stop emitting carbon in seven areas，including where they get their food and how they use water and recycle their waste.The activity is run by Ashden，a charity working towards climate solutions.Ashden hopes that schools will be able to help each other by sharing ideas and methods.It is also calling on the Government to back the promise.Head over to transform﹣our﹣world.org where you can find out more.

（1）The writer develops the first sentence in Paragraph 2 mainly by 　    　.

A．	telling stories
B．	comparing facts
C．	giving examples
D．	listing numbers

（2）Max advises schools to       　.

A．	recycle and reuse old clothes
B．	prevent students from wasting paper
C．	have meetings on saving endangered sea fish
D．	provide more chances for students to enjoy the nature

（3）The underlined word " emitting" in Paragraph 4 is the closest in meaning to" 　    　".

A．	using up
B．	taking in
C．	sending out
D．	cutting down

（4）The purpose of the passage is mainly to        　.

A．	explain the problems with climate change
B．	develop children's ability to solve social problems
C．	introduce the environmental organizations to schools
D．	encourage young people to care more about climate change

Marianne Carus，who started Cricket（蟋蟀）magazine in 1973 and served as Editor﹣in﹣Chief（总主编）until 2012，died on March 3 at the age of 92 this year.

Marianne believed that "only the best of the best is good enough for the young. "In Cricket，children would find wonderful stories with beautiful art，and be encouraged by ideas in the humanities and sciences.Marianne looked for stories from around the world to awaken admiration for different peoples and cultures.Most important，Cricket would never talk down to children.

Marianne knew that children were filled with fun，and she wanted Cricket to be，too - "humor from the heart that makes you laugh out loud. "And so she named her literary magazines after a funny group of bugs（虫子），such as Lady bung and Spider.

Over the years，Cricket has been read by millions of children and given many writers and artists their start.Marianne kept a special box of "love letters" to the magazine.She treasured these letters from Cricket readers，including long﹣ago readers.They told her that their interest in reading had begun with Cricket.

▲She considered other names，such as Troubadour or Taliesin，the singers and storytellers of old who traveled from one place to another to share their songs and stories.Then，one night，she was reading Isaac Bashevi Singer's memoir（回忆录）A Day of Pleasure，about his childhood in Warsaw.In it he wrote：There was a stove in Shosha's apartment behind which there lived a cricket.It chirped the nights through all winter long I imagined the cricket was telling a story that would never end. "That's exactly what Marianne wanted her children's magazine to do-to tell stories that would never end!So the name Cricket became her best choice.

Thank you for everything，Marianne.May the stories，and the laughter，never end!

（1）Cricket is a magazine most probably for 　 　.

A．	writer
B．	children
C．	artists
D．	teachers

（2）According to the passage，Marianne 　 　.

A．	made an effort to find the best stories
B．	raised many bugs as her pets
C．	replied to long﹣ago Cricket readers
D．	started Cricket 39 years ago

（3）Which of the following can be the best to fill in" ▲"in Paragraph 5？ 　 　

A．	How was the life of crickets？
B．	When was the magazine Cricket born？
C．	What did Marianne think of crickets？
D．	Why did Marianne name her magazine Cricket？

（4）The best title for the passage can probably be 　 　.

A．	The Life of a Cricket
B．	Admiration for Different Cultures
C．	Best Stories for the Young
D．	Achievements in Marianne 's Life

Getting English Language Learners to Put Down the Books and Have Some Fun

Even if there's so much about English that can be learned from a book or even in a traditional classroom setting，a lot of the language can still be learned best in more relaxing situations where students are having fun.Here are some suggestions.

★Communicate with strangers.If you live in an area filled with English speakers，get students out of the classroom.（1） 　 　.Students may not speak to strangers，but they'll hear conversations taking place and may begin to understand how the words learnt in the classroom are actually used in everyday speech.

★Let their guard down.One difficult thing for learners is confidence （自信）when they speak English.Fun activities，especially those outside of the classroom，give students a chance to feel relaxed.（2） 　 　.It may take a bit of time at the beginning，but once students get into it，they'll start to get confidence.

★Make use of English media （媒体）.Most recorded language instruction is pretty boring and it can get tiring hearing the same voice repeat the same phrases.（3） 　 　.They will hear common expressions and more everyday conversations in the movie.If they're not sure about something they hear，it can turn into a more formal lesson once back in the classroom.

★（4） 　 　 .Casual （随意的）conversations give learners the chance to hear or use English in situations.They can talk all they want about expressions to use while dining out or informal words to use with friends，but it takes a trip to McDonald's or a picnic in the park for many of those expressions to truly set in.

A．	You can let students go to a movie in English.
B．	Put them among other English speakers.
C．	They may hate to speak English.
D．	Hear or use English in situations.
E．	They will speak more freely.

（5）How do you learn English？ （回答不多于10个单词） 　                      

Visiting outer space is still a far dream for anyone who isn't an astronaut，but a day trip to the stars is already open for people to order!

A new company （公司），Space Perspective，is planning tests with passengers.It has big plans to run up to 500 flights from different places across the USA by 2024.If successful，reaching the outer side of space could be as easy as flying abroad in a few years' time.The plan will be for spacemen and up to eight passengers to travel in Neptune，a capsule （太空舱）tied to a balloon the size of a football field.

They will move slowly upwards right to the side of space，30 km away from the Earth.There，space tourists will be able to look back at the Earth and out to dark space and the sight of millions of stars.Although the price is yet to be fixed，the expensive flight，which will take six hours，is likely to cost over £100 000.Because the capsule remains within the Earth's atmosphere （大气层），no special clothing or training are needed.It means that older people or those with health problems will be included.

One problem may be the method of landing back on the Earth.The balloon moves back down from space until it falls down in the sea.Passengers，spacemen，capsule and balloon are then gotten back by ship.

Now Neptune faces competition from the Stratollite a balloon being developed by a company called World View Enterprises，while the super rich Richard Branson，Jeff Bezos and Elon Musk are all pouring money into developing business space flying machines.The advantage of the balloon is that it will be cheaper than a space plane or rocket.

Space travel may soon be a reality （现实），but how visitors get there is still a very open question.

（1）We can see from the passage that Space Perspective 　 　.

A．	has completed over 500 tests
B．	wants to use Neptune to carry people
C．	has quite a long history
D．	makes it easier for us to fly abroad

（2）According to Space Perspective's plan，space tourists 　 　.

A．	should wear special clothing
B．	will land back on the ground
C．	can watch the Earth from space
D．	must keep in good health

（3）The writer implies （暗示）in the passage that 　 　.

A．	the race to get tourists into space is becoming hot
B．	there will be only four ways for visitors to reach space
C．	the Stratollite is popular with space passengers
D．	Richard，Jeff and Elon are all short of money

（4）The passage can usually be read in the part of 　 　ad in a newspaper.

A．	Culture
B．	Business
C．	Health
D．	Science

Dmitry Doronin，a doctoral student from Russia，is keen （热衷的）to share his experience in rural villages in Zhejiang with his 1.4 million followers online.

Since Dmitry started to live in the countryside last August，the 32 ﹣year﹣old has created hundreds of video clips that record the relaxing lifestyle in Hengzhang village，Lishui city."The rice is grown in the fields together with fish，which helps to increase local agricultural （农业的）products，" said Dmitry，while introducing products from Hengzhang village on the popular Chinese short﹣videos platform Douyin，Besides filming videos，Dmitry also enjoys working with farmers in the fields，doing activities   such as planting vegetables and feeding chickens.

Living in a village provides him with uniqueexperiences，he says，quite different from busy life in big cities，such as Shanghai，where he studies.And he has been a pleasant surprise to the villagers as well.Villager Bao Mingyue，76，says，"To our surprise，the young Russian not only knows how to cook Chinese food but is interested in working in the fields."

Because of the outbreak of COVID﹣19，the sales of local agricultural products had dropped rapidly，so Dmitry volunteered to help sell the products in his videos.In a few months，10，000 kilograms of oranges，4，000 kilograms of dried sweet potatoes and 300 kilograms of honey had been sold.

"Thanks to his videos，it seems that more tourists have come to visit our village，"says 72﹣year﹣ old Pan Xianyu，who is very pleased to see the great changes in her hometown，Dmitry loves his country life，"In the countryside，you can immerse （沉浸）yourself in the traditional way of life and understand this country better，" he says.

According to Dmitry，some Russians' opinions about China are still out of date，although China has progressed greatly."I would like to become a people to people envoy （使者）of friendship between the two countries by using the Internet，" he says.

（1）It can be learnt from the passage that Dmitry 　 　.

A．	has lived in the countryside for years
B．	is good at catching fishes
C．	C gets much attention on the Internet
D．	sells farmers' products in Russia

（2）The underlined word"unique" probably means" 　 　".

A．	common
B．	special
C．	similar
D．	hard

（3）The purpose of Paragraph 4 and Paragraph 5 is to 　 　.

A．	show Dmitry's influence on Hengzhang village
B．	advise people to buy the products of Hengzhang village
C．	make more tourists interested in Hengzhang village
D．	explain why the sale of sweet potatoes dropped

（4）Dmitry hopes to help Russians to 　    　.

A．	improve their lives more quickly
B．	have a better understanding of China
C．	study Chinese traditional way of life
D．	make rapid progress in farming

It's been 100 years since the actor and filmmaker Charlie Chaplin produced the film The Kid ，which many consider to be his greatest one.

Like all films at the time，The Kid was made in black and white and was silent （made without any sound，not even the characters talking）.The story is about the relationship between " the Tramp"，played by Chaplin，and his adopted （领养的）child，played by Jackie Coogan.The pair develop a partnership where the six year﹣old boy breaks windows and runs away，so that Chaplin's character can offer his services as a window fixer.

Although the film is a comedy，it also has some tragedy，reflecting Chaplin's own life.He started testing actors for the role of the Kid just a few days after his baby son had died.Chaplin was known for being hard to please，and it is said that if he could，he would have played every role in every one of his films.When Chaplin visited a theatre，a dancer brought his son，Jackie Coogan，on stage，and Chaplin knew he had his co﹣star （联袂主演者）.Chaplin later wrote， "All children in some form have talents；the trick is to bring it out in them.With Jackie it was easy.

Like the Kid in the film，Chaplin and his brother Sydney grew up very poor.They lived in London and were raised by their mother.When Chaplin was 10 years old，his mum became too ill to loo after her sons，so they had to take care of themselves.He later wrote that the film sets in The Kid were based （基于）on the places where he and Sydney had lived with their mother as children. "Perhaps that's why the film had some truth，" he said.

（1）The second paragraph mainly talks about 　 　.

A．	why The Kid was made
B．	when The Kid was on
C．	how The Kid got successful
D．	what The Kid is about

（2）We can infer from Paragraph 3 that Jackie Coogan 　 　.

A．	always visited the theatre alone
B．	was possibly talented in acting
C．	knew much about Chaplin before
D．	played every role in Chaplin's films

（3）Which of the following is TRUE about Chaplin？ 　 　

A．	He had a poor childhood experience.
B．	He was brought up by his father.
C．	He looked after his mother very well.
D．	He produced films with his brother.

（4）What's the best title for the passage？ 　    　

A．	A film about a dancer.
B．	A family in London.
C．	A place for film making.
D．	A life on film.

There are about 1.5 million kinds of living things on Earth，but how many do you see every day？You often see the big colourful animals，like birds，rabbits，and fish.But look more closely.Can you see the small ones，too？Insects（昆虫）make up 80 percent of all the world's living kinds.Look on the ground.Imagine you could look under the ground，too.Many small living things with one cell live there.Life is everywhere around us，in every cubic foot （a foot＝ 12 inches）.

David Littschwager is a photographer who wanted to find out how many living things lived in one cubic foot .So he made a 12﹣inch cube with a green metal frame.And then he put it in five habitats（栖息地）.He chose a tropical rainforest（Costa Rica），a coral reef（Pacific Ocean），the Table Mountain（South Africa），a freshwater river（USA），and a small park（New York）.Three weeks were spent at each place.He watched，counted，and took photos of everything down to I millimeter in size-that crawled（爬）or flew into the cube.

The results were amazing.Liittschwager found both common and rare living things.He discovered many new living kinds，like a strange transparent octopus that is the size of a fingernail!In total，more than a thousand living things were photographed.Liittchwager said the One Cubic Foot experience was like "finding treasure".David Liittschwager also found that the highest biodiversity（生物多样性）in the reef was in the skeleton coral（珊瑚遗骨）.These skeleton coral are suitable for sea living things of all sizes to grow.Although the coral reef had the widest range of biodiversity，all the other habitats were full of life.Even the city park!

（1）What does "one cubic foot" mean in Paragraph 2？ 　 　

A．	1 inch × 1 inch
B．	1 inch × 1 inch × l inch
C．	12 inches × 12 inches
D．	12 inches × 12 inches × 12 inches

（2）What did David Liittschwager think of the One Cubic Foot experience？ 　 　

A.It was valuable.

B.It was different.

C.It was simple.

D.It was common.

（3）Which habitat has the most biodiversity？ 　 　

A．	The tropical rainforest.
B．	The coral reef.
C．	The Table Mountain.
D．	The city park.

（4）Which of the following is the best title for the passage？ 　 　

A．	Life Is Everywhere
B．	Find Treasure in Nature
C．	Five Habitats to Live in
D．	A Story of David Littschwager

Did you have cereal（麦片）for breakfast this morning？If you did，you're not alone.Lots of people eat cereal for breakfast every day.In fact，cereal is popular all over the world.It all started with one man，Will Keith Kellogg.

Will was born on April 7，1860，in Battle Creek，Michigan.His first job was as a stock boy at the Battle Creek Sanitarium.A sanitarium is a special kind of place that is a little like a hospital.A sanitarium is meant for people who are ill for a long time or who are getting over a serious illness.Will had other jobs as he got older.But when he grew up，he became a manager of the sanitarium.His brother，John，was the chief doctor there.

One big problem at the sanitarium was the patients' diets.The patients needed healthy diets，but it was also important for the food to taste good.Will was trying to find a good food choice to take the place of the bread，but it wasn't going very well.Then，by accident Will found something even better.He left some wheat to cook too long.When it was rolled out，it formed large，thin flakes.He asked his brother to serve it to the patients，and they loved it!In fact，they liked it so much that they wanted breakfast flakes sent to them even after they left the sanitarium.So Will started a new business in 1884：selling packaged breakfast flakes.Before long，Kellogg's breakfast cereal was popular in other countries，too.Today，there are many kinds of breakfast cereals.But it all started with one man and one idea.

Will did more than just create breakfast flakes.His company made a lot of money.But he always shared it with others generously.He used much of his money to help children.He also used his money to help in several other charities（慈善机构）.Will Kdllogg died in 1951.But his most famous invention is as popular as ever.

（1）Will worked as 　 　before he became a manager of the sanitarium.

A．	a chief doctor
B．	a stock boy
C．	a business man
D．	a cook

（2）Which of the following is NOT TRUE about cereal according to the passage？ 　 　

A．	It tasted better than bread.
B．	It was Will's favourite food.
C．	It was invented by accident.
D．	It is popular around the world.

（3）Which word can describe Will Kellogg best？ 　    　

A．	Funny.
B．	Nervous.
C．	Brave.
D．	Generous.

（4）What is the purpose of the passage？ 　    　

A．	To give advice on eating healthily.
B．	To introduce patients' breakfast.
C．	To describe Will and his invention.
D．	To explain how to make cereal.

Do video games do harm to our children？Today，many children spend a lot of their free time playing games on the Internet.In the UK，99%of kids aged8 to 15 play video games every week.This information tells us that the benefits and dangers of video games must be carefully considered.

For many people，video games are fun.They have bright lights，funny cartoons and exciting stories.Everywhere you look，you can see children playing these games.They play on buses and trains，in restaurants and even at school.

Video games are educational too.They make kids think in a creative way and theyhave to move their hands and eyes quickly.This can improve the way that a child's brain works.What's more，video games make children use their imagination.The player has to do many creative things，like drawing，telling stories and building things.Video games are also a good way to teach children about technology because they can learn how computers and other devices work while they play.

However，a recent study suggests that video games can also be bad for children.First，children can download many games for free.This means that parents often don't know if their children are playing violent or scary games.Second，many children spend too much time playing games on computers and this can lead to health problems.Third，if children spend too much time playing games instead of doing homework，they can have problems at school and get bad grades.Finally，video games can affect children's social skills.If children spend too much time playing video games by themselves，they might not learn how to play with their friends.

In conclusion，it seems clear that video games have some advantages and some disadvantages.It is up to parents to know what games their children are playing and how much time they spend on them.Parents should also make sure their children get enough exercise and spend time with other children.

（1）The underlined word "they" in Paragraph 3 refers to 　    　.

A．	kids
B．	computers
C．	video games
D．	playmates

（2）Which disadvantages of video games are mentioned in the passage？ 　 　

a.Result in bad grades.

b.Make kids feel bored.

c.Lead to health problems.

d.Affect children's social skills.

e.Cause problems between parents and kids.

A．	c，d，e
B．	b，d，e
C．	a，c，d
D．	a，b，c

（3）In the writer's opinion， 　 　should play an important role in video games play for kids.

A．	family
B．	society
C．	schools
D．	game companies

（4）What's the structure of the passage？ 　 　

A．
B．
C．
D．