初中英语阅读理解

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。每个选项仅使用一次。

You’ve probably heard of books that will change your life. And a lot of readers agree that the book Atomic Habits（《原子习惯》）will meet your needs.

James Clear, who did a lot of research on formation of habits, is the writer of Atomic Habits. （1） It has sold over 15 million copies and has been translated into more than 50 languages. And his website receives millions of visitors each month.

（2） That’s because the book introduces a practical system（系统）for creating good habits and breaking bad ones. Readers everywhere are very interested in Clear’s “science of tiny habits”.

In the book, file writer suggests trying to get 1% better each day. For example, you’d like to exercise but you don’t think you have the time or energy. Clear suggests starting with two minutes a day. Over time, the effects of this habit will increase as you repeat the actions. （3） “All big things come from small beginnings,” says Clear.

Clear continues with the following advice: Don’t focus on（聚焦）what you want to achieve. （4） For example, two men want to break the habit of smoking. When offered a cigarette（香烟）, one says, “No, thanks. I’m trying to give up smoking.” The other says, “No, thanks. I’m not a smoker.” While the first man still sees himself as a smoker, the second man doesn’t. Clear says, “Bad habits will die more easily if you focus on who you want to become.”

Atomic Habits will reshape the way you think about progress and success. （5） Slowly but surely, it will have a great effect on your health, job and relationships.

A. Why is it so popular? B. Instead, focus on who you want to become. C. He calls these repeated actions “atomic habits”. D. This book is a No.1 New York Times bestseller. E. Also, it will give you the tools you need to change your habits.

阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

The Four Seasons, written by the Italian musician Antonio Vivaldi, was first played about 300 years ago. Since then, it has enjoyed worldwide popularity.

The great musical work includes four parts: “Spring”, “Summer”, “Autumn” and ‘‘Winter”. Each part brings to mind the season it is meant to describe. “Summer”, for example, begins slowly. Listeners can easily picture a hot, lazy summer day when nobody wants to move. When you listen to “Autumn”, a harvest（收获）celebration will readily come to mind.

But now, Hache Costa, a music director in Spain, has decided to give the old work a fresh feel. He says the climate（气候）today is very different from what it was in the 1700s. The Four Seasons would be “a lot dirtier” if it were written now.

Costa has “updated” the musical work to make it match the realities of the modern world. The ‘“updated” musical work has been played in Madrid, Spain. The performance takes place in front of a screen. As the musicians play, a video shows the effects（影响）of climate change, such as forest fires and unusually dry weather.

After enjoying it, people find the new “Summer” now sounds noisier and more powerful. Because of global warming（全球变暖）, the other three seasons have become shorter. Costa says he expects people to feel “really sad” after listening to the new Four Seasons.

“I really want more people to become truly aware of（意识到）what is happening to our planet,” says Costa. “And I believe Vivaldi would not be angry with my changes.”

（1）What do we know about The Four Seasons?

A．	It is still unpopular now.
B．	It was written by Hache Costa.
C．	It was first played about 300 years ago.

（2）What will come to mind when we listen to the old “Autumn” according to the passage?

A．

Forest fires and dry weather.

B．

A harvest celebration.

C．

A hot lazy day.

（3）Which is close to the underlined word “updated” in meaning in Paragraph 4?

A．

提上日程

B．

追根溯源

C．

赋予新意

（4）Why did Hache Costa give the old work a fresh feel?

A．	To call on more people to love music.
B．	To raise public awareness of climate change.
C．	To present the story of Antonio Vivaldi’s colorful life.

阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

What should you do when you can’t find the time to do a long workout? Have you heard of exercise snacks （零食式锻炼）?

Exercise snacks are a popular and inventive new way for people to stay fit. Instead of spending hours on the playground, people break that “large meal” into exercise “snacks”. These exercises can last anywhere from 20 seconds to two minutes. Then you can have a rest for 30 minutes to four hours before another snack.

It is reported that exercise snacks can be as useful as traditional exercise methods. Just three exercise snacks a day can benefit（使受益）your physical health. Besides that, there are lots of other benefits. Your concentration （专注力）and creativity get better, and you can become more productive. Also, “snacking” throughout the day stops you from sitting too long.

There are so many acceptable exercise snacks, like doing sit-ups, jumping rope or running up and down some stairs（楼梯）. But for those who don’t know where to start, here are some helpful exercise choices:

Exercises such as lifting weights will satisfy the needs. Since most people don’t keep weights at their offices, lift full water bottles.

Squats（深蹲）— moving your body as if to sit down while keeping your back straight. Five to ten of these should make a good snack.

For those who don5t like traditional exercises, simply turn up the music. Pick a lively song and start dancing. It’ll make for a fun workout.

What are you waiting for? Let’s get moving. Your body will thank you for it!

（1）How long can an exercise snack last according to the passage?

A．

20 seconds to two minutes.

B．

30 minutes to four hours.

C．

Five to ten minutes.

（2）Which is an acceptable exercise snack mentioned in the passage?

A．

Doing math exercises.

B．

Eating snacks.

C．

Doing sit-ups.

（3）What is the writer’s attitude（态度）to exercise snacks?

A．

Doubtful.

B．

Unclear.

C．

Supportive.

（4）What is the main purpose of the passage?

A．	To change traditional eating habits.
B．	To introduce an inventive new way to stay fit.
C．	To encourage people to do long-time outdoor exercise.

阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

International Summer Camp 2024 Edward Educational Company was set up in 1999. It has rich experience in providing educational trips for children. Our camp is located in（位于）the Swiss Alps. The mountains, forests and lakes here provide a playground for young adventurers（冒险者）. Three age groups The three age groups allow children to make friends of similar ages from different countries. Plenty of activities Our camp activities include rock climbing, horse riding, painting and much more. But hunting（猎捕）wild animals is not allowed. Cultural exploration（探索） Switzerland（瑞士）has many traditions like chocolate making. Through ow summer camp, children will learn more about this country. For further information, please call us at 257-8900.

（1）When was Edward Educational Company set up?

A．

In 1999.

B．

In 2014.

C．

In 2024.

（2）What can children do at the camp?

A．	Join four age groups.
B．	Learn more about Switzerland.
C．	Ride horses and hunt wild animals.

You may have a house robot that can do housework for you. But is it so smart? Meet Laura, a robot in the National Library in Madrid, Spain, copying out the old books and writings in its collection. See Aurora, a headless dog-sized robot used to keep birds and other animals away at an Alaskan airport. Watch another 1.8 meter-tall legless robot called EveR6, waving its arms to guide musicians through a performance.

Those robots above require artificial intelligence（AI）（人工智能）. AI is a computer system（系统）that can understand languages, make decisions and solve problems. AI can be taught skills using a process called machine learning. Humans give AI information such as books, photos or videos to train it. The more information it studies, the better it can do its job.

________. For example, when you watch TV, AI is watching you. It’ll know what your favorite is and suggest similar ones. In hospitals, AI is very good at suggesting treatments and can even invent new medicines. To cut down food waste, some schools introduce online systems for the students to choose meals ahead of time. In cities, AI is used to watch out for cars that make black smoke. It works together with the police and transportation teams to stop them and keep the air clean. AI can help us fight climate（气候）change by finding clever ways to reduce energy use.

Some people worry that AI will take away a large number of jobs and also fear that AI could develop out of our control and bring danger to humans. However, AI is expected to be a more powerful production tool that will help humans achieve more in less time. It is believed that the flying car will be made to offer an easier way out of the morning traffic jam（交通堵塞）. Humans imagine AI might even find a way to solve the problems of our energy needs completely. Anyway, there is still a long journey for humans and AI.

（1）In which pictures can we see Aurora and EveR6?

A．

$a,c$

B．

$b,d$

C．

$b,c$

D．

$a,d$

（2）What BIG question does paragraph 2 answer?

A．	What is AI?	B．	Why are AI robots made?
C．	Where is AI used?	D．	How many AI robots are mentioned?

（3）Which of the following can be put in ________?

A．	AI will be developed rapidly	B．	Humans depend too much on AI
C．	Humans wonder if AI could think	D．	AI has become part of daily life

（4）In the future, AI is expected to be able to ________.

A．	suggest TV programs	B．	cut down food waste
C．	invent new medicines	D．	help produce enough energy

（5）What would the author write about after the last paragraph?

A．	The end of $AI$.	B．	The history of $AI$.
C．	The way to get along with $AI$.	D．	The skill of making $AI$ robots.

The silence of the pond（池塘）was broken by the first cry: “Found something!” A swimmer ducked（扎入）into the water with a lifeline connected to a boat. Soon, she appeared, holding a bright blue glass bottle. It was passed to another, then into the boat.

On a fine Sunday morning in May, a team of 10 women over 65 years old, known as the Old Women Against Underwater Rubbish（OWAUR）, looked for rubbish across Nova Pond in Scotia.

When the team returned, they joked about the trip. “We didn’t even know what it was,” one swimmer said with a laugh, showing an electronic lighter they had found. “We had to ask a young person.”

Part protection organization, part social club, OWAUR only accepted old women as its members. To improve the conditions of the ponds, the group made it its mission to take rubbish away from them. The idea of this group was from a moment of Sandy, a retired（退休的）reporter. As a lifelong nature lover, she liked swimming in ponds. However, the world of the pond, which was a little polluted, made her anxious. Then she came up with a slogan（标语）：

“OVER 65, IF YOU’RE HEALTHY ENOUGH, IS THE AGE OF ACTION.”

Soon many people joined her. They found a sense of wonder at the pond cleanup moments. And their team could do a lot more than people might think.

When many people thanked OWAUR for what they had done, some questioned why they called themselves “old women”. “You should call yourselves the Mermaids（美人鱼）Against Underwater Rubbish,” they said.

（1）What does “another” in paragraph 1 refer to?

A．

A pond.

B．

A swimmer.

C．

A glass bottle.

D．

A boat.

（2）The underlined word “mission” means “________”.

A．	an important task	B．	a fair game
C．	an interesting show	D．	a secret meeting

（3）By searching for the rubbish in the ponds, OWAUR ________.

A．	found interest and did well	B．	changed people’s hobbies
C．	improved their health a lot	D．	won fame and got prizes

（4）Why were the old women regarded as Mermaids?

A．	They must be good at swimming.
B．	They could be trusted by some people.
C．	They should be responsible for their group.
D．	They might be thought young and beautiful.

（5）What would be the best title for the passage?

A．	A Swimming Club	B．	A Worrying Pond
C．	A Ducking Moment	D．	A Warning Slogan

阅读下面三篇材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

________________ Have you ever felt uncomfortable with your stomach when you’re nervous or excited? This is because there is a close connection between your gut（消化道）and your brain. You have around 200 types of microbes（细菌）in your gut. Healthy microbes help your body fight illnesses and help your brain deal with stress. “So, take care of your gut,” a scientist says. ♥690
Stop anger with activities A new study aimed at 12,489 people has suggested that the key to reducing（减少）anger is not letting it out, but doing calming activities such as yoga. These activities could slow the heart rate（心率）. However, scientists also find some ball games and team sports, which are fun or playful, could reduce anger. ♥569
Show compassion Showing compassion means you understand others’ feelings and treat them with kindness. Scientists have discovered when you show compassion, your brain lets out a feel-good chemical（化学物质），which helps to reduce stress. It is reported that when other people see you showing compassion, they want to do it too. ♥943

（1）In which SECTION of the website can we read the news?

A．

$PEOPLE.$

B．

$HEALTH．$

C．

$FOOD．$

D．

$SPORTS.$

（2）The best heading for the first piece of news would be ________.

A．	Focus on your brain	B．	Problems with your stomach
C．	Look after your gut	D．	Microbes in your body

（3）What activities might reduce anger according to the new study?

①Crying.

②Basketball.

③Cooking.

④Deep breathing.

A．

①②

B．

③④

C．

①③

D．

②④

（4）It is believed that showing compassion can ________.

A．	develop your brain	B．	make people confident
C．	spread to others	D．	slow your heart rate

（5）What do the three pieces of news have in common?

A．	They help us make more friends.	B．	They show some research results.
C．	They are liked by 690 people.	D．	They teach us how to face stress.

Life is full of unexpected surprises. Paul was 71 years old and came from England. He liked using a 3D printer to make models.

One day, while Paul was searching for something online, he saw a red car on a website. It was his father’s favorite car made in the 1950s. He felt so shocked!

The car brought Paul back to the “good old days”. When he was a child, his dad always drove him around London. He sat in the back seat of the red car excitedly. When he went abroad to work, this car took him away from home to say goodbye to his father. To his surprise, many years later, the car showed up online!

Paul decided to buy the car. With his son’s help, he bought it. It was a really difficult job to repair the car because it was old and broken. But Paul didn’t give up. He spent a long time repairing it. After he tried many times, he finally made the car as good as it used to be with the 3D printer. Paul drove it here and there.

Paul said driving the old car reminded him of his father. The car was seen as a connection between his father and him. It was a treasure for him from the past.

根据短文内容，回答下列问题。

（1）How old was Paul?

_________________________________

（2）Where did Paul see his father’s favorite car?

_________________________________

（3）When did Paul’s dad always drive him around London?

_________________________________

（4）Why was it a difficult job to repair the car?

_________________________________

（5）What was the connection between Paul and his father?

_________________________________

It might be difficult to make yourself better. If you try the following ways, they may help you.

（1） You can’t decide what you look like, but you can decide what you want to be. So accept yourself, and then anything will be possible.

（2） Learning is a lifelong journey. No matter how old you are, there will always be lessons in front of you. As the saying goes, “It’s never too old to learn.”

（3） Good leaners keep practicing what they have learned. Try new things and practice them over and over again to make yourself better and better.

（4） Life is like a mirror. If you smile at it, it will smile back at you. There is a lot of trouble in your life. Keep smiling when you are in trouble.

（5） Maybe you don’t dare to take part in school activities. That’s because you don’t believe in yourself. But actually you are great. Just have a try.

（a）根据短文内容，从方框中选出每段的主旨大意，其中有一个选项是多余的。

A. Trust yourself. B. Smile at your life. C. Talk with others. D. Never stop learning. E. Try to accept yourself. F. Practice makes perfect.

（b）根据短文内容，补全下面的表格，每空一词。

The （6） making yourself better	★It's never too （7） to learn.
	★Try new things and （8） them again and again.
	★Keeр smiling （9） you are in trouble.
	★Believe （10） yourself.
	★Accept yourself.

Qian Xuesen was a great scientist. （1） He is also known as “the King of the Rocket.” Thanks to his research, China’s space technology has progressed in a rapid way.

Qian was born in Shanghai on December 11th, 1911. （2） After graduation, he worked in America for a few years. In the early 1950s, he heard that New China had been founded（建立）, and he decided to give up the good working conditions in America. Although the American government tried to stop him from leaving, he succeeded in coming back to China in 1955.

（3） Then it became the leading organization for China’s rocket and air travel. At that time, the conditions in China were too hard. （4） On April 24, 1970, China’s first man-made satellite（卫星）, “Dongfanghong I” was successfully sent into the air.

A student of Qian Xuesen, Zhu Yilin, once said, “I learned professional knowledge and working spirit from Mr. Qian. （5） When New China needed scientists badly, he returned to help in the rocket industry.”

根据短文内容，将下面的选项还原到文中空白处，使短文内容完整、通顺，每个选项只能用一次，其中有一个选项是多余的。

A. I sensed his deep love for our country, too. B. Who visited Qian Xuesen when he was in China? C. At the age of 24, he went to America to study. D. But Qian and his team still faced the difficulties bravely. E. He is known as “the Father of China’s Space Program.” F. In 1956, Qian Xuesen suggested starting a special organization.

More tigers are moving from Russia into northeastern China. This is because the environment is better for them to live in.

As human activities become less and the number of the wild animals is rising, tigers come to China for food.

Also, there is a cross-border corridor（跨境走廊）between China and Russia. It helps the tigers travel around freely. Data（数据）from a research team show that between 2013 and 2016, nearly 80 percent of the tigers moved across the corridor.

Besides, China started a number of projects to protect the tigers. As we all know, tigers need large areas to move around, so it’s important to build national parks. In 2021, the Northeast China Tiger and Leopard National Park was set up in Heilongjiang Province and Jilin Province. It covers around 14,100 square kilometers. The national park creates a shared home for the animals. As a result, the number of the tigers has grown.

One more reason is that experts from China and Russia work together to research on tiger protection. Many volunteers go to protect tigers around the forests every year. It’s believed that there will be more tigers in the near future.

根据短文内容，判断下列句子正（T）、误（F）。

（1）Between China and Russia, there is a cross-border corridor.

（2）Nearly 90 percent of the tigers moved across the corridor between 2013 and 2016.

（3）It’s important to build the national parks because tigers need large areas to move around.

（4）The Northeast China Tiger and Leopard National Park was set up in 2023.

（5）Many volunteers go to protect tigers around the forests each year.

When I was a little boy, I lived next to David. He liked to plant trees in his large yard on weekends. But the way he planted trees was quite different. He never watered his new trees. I asked him why he did so, and he said that watering trees would spoil them. “If you water the trees, each baby tree will grow weaker and weaker.” said David. He told me that watering these new trees would make roots（树根）shallow（浅）, but deep roots were very important for trees. I didn’t understand his words at that time.

Several years after I left home, I came back to visit my parents. When I walked by David’s house, I saw the trees that he planted. They are strong now. I suddenly realize that planting a tree is like raising a child. As a father of two children, I shouldn’t care for them too much. Instead, they should depend on themselves. In that case, whatever happens, they can make their own decisions.

根据短文内容，选择正确答案。

（1）When did David like to plant trees?

A．	On weekends.	B．	On Fridays.
C．	On sunny mornings.	D．	On rainy days.

（2）What does the underlined word “spoil” probably mean in Paragraph 1?

A．

be bad for

B．

be famous for

C．

be similar to

D．

be thankful to

（3）Why didn’t David water his new trees?

A．	Because he didn’t have enough water.	B．	Because he was too old to water trees.
C．	Because he wanted to make roots deep.	D．	Because he didn’t know how to water trees.

（4）How are the trees that David planted now?

A．

Dead.

B．

Strong.

C．

Small.

D．

Weak.

（5）What does the writer learn from his experience?

A．	Children should plant trees.	B．	Parents should water trees all the time.
C．	Children should depend on themselves.	D．	Parents should care for their kids too much.

Technologies Making School Life “SMART”
E-books In the future, students may only bring e-books to school. In fact, some schools are already doing this. E-books can store notes and students feel relaxed with lighter schoolbags.	Robot teachers There are robot teachers in the schools in some cities. These robots can help students with their studies. They can also help them solve problems.
E-skates With a pair of e-skates, you can walk to school faster! E-skates can be tied to your shoes easily. And there are four speed settings you can choose.	Flying aids If students get hurt and need help at schools, drones（无人机）can be of great use. They can offer help faster than people and they can also carry medicine or clothes.

根据以上内容，选择正确答案。

（1）How many technologies are mentioned in the passage?

A．

One.

B．

Two.

C．

Three.

D．

Four.

（2）How do students feel with lighter schoolbags?

A．

Worried.

B．

Relaxed.

C．

Bored.

D．

Surprised.

（3）Who can help students with their studies according to the passage?

A．	The robot teachers.	B．	The parents.
C．	The workers.	D．	The friends.

（4）Which is the best choice if you want to walk to school faster?

A．

Flying aids.

B．

Clothes.

C．

E-skates.

D．

Schoolbags.

（5）Where does the passage probably come from?

A．	A travel magazine.	B．	A movie magazine.
C．	A technology magazine.	D．	A music magazine.

Have you ever read Little Women by US writer Louisa May Alcott? The classic has been changed into plays, films and television programs many times because of its popularity since it came out in 1868. It tells a story of a mother raising her four daughters, while their dad is away fighting a war. Meg, the eldest, wants to live a better life very much. Jo, the second-born, wants nothing more than to be a writer. Beth is a sweet girl who loves music and always brings joy to others. The youngest daughter, Amy, dreams of being an artist. After reading Little Women, I have a feeling of warmth and kindness from the family.

In the following scene, the girls talk about what they can buy with the very little money they have. They feel hopeful about the future even though their dreams may not come true.

“I can’t expect anything from Mother or you. I know I only have one dollar with me. Although it isn’t that much, it works. I can at least buy the book Undine and Sintran for myself. I’ve wanted it so long,” said Jo. “I planned to spend mine on new music,” said Beth. “I shall get a nice box of drawing pencils. I really need them,” said Amy. “Mother didn’t say anything about our money, but she does wish us to get something. Let’s each buy what we need. I’m sure we work hard enough to make it,” cried Jo.

根据短文内容，回答下列问题。

（1）When did Little Women come out?

_______________________________________

（2）Who is the third-born girl in the family?

_______________________________________

（3）How do the girls feel even though their dreams may not come true?

_______________________________________

（4）Why does Amy want to buy drawing pencils?

_______________________________________

（5）What does Jo advise her sisters to do at last?

_______________________________________

Can you imagine what the human body in the future will be like? Our class had a discussion about it. Tiantian, an AI（artificial intelligence人工智能）robot, also joined us. Here are our guesses.

（1） Humans are now ten centimeters（厘米）taller than 150 years ago. So, in the future, people will probably be even taller. Why? Because most of us today have much better food than those in the past.

You must say that people will be stronger according to the first guess. （2） With the development of science and technology, we won’t have much physical work to do. If people get used to this kind of lifestyle, we will probably lose most of our muscles（肌肉）.

Next, let’s come to our hands and feet. We are already using our feet less, and our hands more. （3） At the same time, our fingers and our eyes will both get better because they’ll have to do more work together.

Here comes the most interesting one—it’s very possible that people will have four toes（脚趾）, not five. The little toe really isn’t needed anymore. （4） Let’s wait and see.

Last but not least—people won’t have as much hair on their bodies as now, since we don’t need it to keep ourselves warm.

What do you think of our guesses? （5） With the rise of AI, will we lose the ability of thinking independently?

阅读短文，把A～E五个句子填入文中空缺处，使短文内容完整。

A. But you’re wrong. B. Will all these things happen? C. Let’s start with people’s height. D. Will it still be there in the future? E. So we can expect our legs will get shorter and our feet smaller.