初中英语说明文试题

  The students were having their chemistry class. Miss Li was telling the children what water was like. After that, she asked her students, “What is water?” No one answered for a few minutes. Miss Li asked again, “Why don’t you answer my question? Didn’t I tell you what water is like?”
Just then, a boy put up his hand and said, “Miss Li, you told us that water has no color and no smell. But where to find such kind of water? The water in the river behind my house is always black and it has a bad smell.” Most of the children agreed with him.
“I’m sorry, children,” said the teacher, “Our water is getting dirtier and dirtier. That’s a serious problem.”
Answer the questions according to the passage.
Why didn’t the children answer the teacher’s question at first?
                                                                                 
Please use a sentence to describe what water is.
                                                                                 
Why does the water in the river have color and smell?
                                                                                 
Do you think the boy who answered the teacher’s question is stupid?
                                                                                 
Is water important for us? Why?
                                                                                 

Have you ever worked as a volunteer？Volunteers don't get paid forwhat theydo，but the experience of helping others can be more valuable than （56）　　．Thereare many charities（慈善机构）around the world．There are alwaysin need of volunteers who want to make a difference．

Do you want to（57）　　 a volunteer？Think about what skills youhave？If you speak more than one language or you are good at（58）　　things，you can find places to use your skills to help other people．

Volunteering doesn't always mean doing great things．You can start with（59）　　things．There is a famous saying that goes，"Charity begins at home"．If people help those around them，（60）　　   will be in trouble．There arealways people in your neighborhood who need help（61）　　sometasks，such as walking their dogs，looking after their kids，andcarrying their heavy shopping bags．You can also volunteer by giving（62）　　 to hospitals．These things may seem small，but they canstillmake a difference in someone else's life．

Volunteers don't（63）　　 help people．Environmental volunteerswork hard to protect the environment．They plant trees or（64）　　 cityparks．Other volunteers work for animal charities which save the homeless or injured（受伤的）animals．They feedthe animals and show them love．They take care of the animals until they are（65）　　 enough to be put in good homes．

All in all，volunteering is really a good way to make a contribution to your hometown and to the world．

56．A．food	B．time	C．money	D．coffee
57A．meet	B．visit	C．choose	D．become
58．A．eating	B．fixing	C．asking	D．losing
59．A．small	B．big	C．right	D．cheap
60．A．no one	B．someone	C．anyone	D．everyone
61．A．for	B into	C．from	D．with
62．A．sugar	B．salad	C．blood	D．paper
63．A．ever	B．just	C．even	D．still
64．A．clean	B．enter	C．draw	D．enjoy
65．A．kind	B．tall	C．well	D．old

It?s always hard to say goodbye to someone you love. In Washington DC, US, local (当地的) zoo-goers are sad about the news that their superstar panda Tai Shan is going to leave the National Zoo.
At a morning meeting on December 4, zoo director（主管） Steven Montfort said that the black-eared bear would be going off to China sometime over the winter, under an agreement（协议）with the Chinese government.
Tai Shan, whose name means “peaceful mountain,” was born at the DC zoo on July 9, 2005. He has been loved by zoo-goers since his first public show in December of that year.
But under the agreement that brought his mother, Mei Xiang, and father, Tian Tian, to the zoo from China, all three belong to (属于) China.
Tai Shan should have been returned to China when he was 2. But China gave him two extensions (延期) to stay at the National Zoo. Tai is old enough to breed (繁殖). So it?s time for him to come back to China and join a program to try to increase the panda population.
The National Zoo has tried to breed Mei Xiang a few times since Tai Shan was born, without success. Montfort said the zoo would try again soon in the hope of producing another baby panda. “We?re hopeful every year,” he said.
Where can the passage probably be taken from?

A．A dictionary.	B．A science book.
C．A newspaper.	D．A novel.

The word “zoo-goers” mean people who ______

A．live at the zoo	B．love to visit the zoo
C．work at the zoo	D．leave the zoo

According to the passage, who is going to leave the National Zoo?

A．Steven Montfort.	B．Mei Xiang.
C．Tian Tian.	D．Tai Shan.

We can tell from the passage that ______.

A．Tai Shan and his parents belong to China

B．Tai Shan first appeared in public in 2006

C．Tai Shan’s parents will be sent to China

D．Tai Shan belongs to the US because it’s born there

What does the National Zoo try to do every year?

A．To make Tai Shan stay there.

B．To make Mei Xiang give birth to new babies.

C．To attract more people to visit Tai Shan.

D．To send Tai Shan and his parents back to China.

False Bay is South Africa． It is one of the（1）　　places in the world to see a great white shark． The great white shark is known for its（2）　　﹣﹣the largest sharks can grow to six meters in length and over 2,000 kilometres in weight． Great white sharks are meat﹣eaters． They catch large（3）　　like tuna（金枪鱼），seals（海豹）and even whales，Great white sharks also（4）　　boats． Simon a British researcher， was lucky to get away safely when a shark bit into his boat． About three people are killed each year（5）　　great white sharks．

     The sharks come to hunt 60，000 seals that live in False Bay， In order to find fish， the seals have to cross the deep water of the bay﹣﹣ this is where the sharks（6）　　． Great white sharks are very good hunters．They wait below the seals and then swim（7）　　and crash into them by surprise at 40kilometers per hour， killing （8）　　with one bite．

     Will a shark attack something that（9）　　like food？

    Some researchers put a carpet in the shape of a seal（10）　　． At high speeds the sharks can't tell the difference．

   （11）　　a shark choose between a plant and a fish？

     When scientists put tuna and sea﹣plant in the water， the shark bites into（12）　　．Even though sharks eat meat， if a plant looks like an animal， the shark attacks．

   Will a shark prefer to eat a human or a fish？

    When the shark has a choice between humans and tuna， it is the（13）　　that attracts the shark's attention． Great white sharks clearly prefer fish to humans．

    These researchers show that great white sharks are（14）　　hunters which will attack anything that looks and acts like a fish． （15）　　， that means humans can also get bitten by mistake．

（1）A． good	B． well	C． better	D． best
（2）A． colour	B． size	C． speed	D． shape
（3）A． pets	B． insects	C． sea﹣animals	D． birds
（4）A． attack	B． protect	C． love	D． follow
（5）A． for	B． by	C． with	D． of
（6）A． wait	B． rest	C． sleep	D． play
（7）A． around	B． along	C． down	D． up
（8）A． us	B． you	C． it	D． them
（9）A． looks	B． sounds	C． smells	D． tastes
（10）A． on the ground	B． in the sky	C． in the water	D． in the room
（11）A． Can	B． May	C． Must	D． Should
（12）A． all	B． none	C． both	D． neither
（13）A． human	B． fish	C． sea﹣plant	D． boat
（14）A． amazing	B． strange	C． kind	D． dangerous
（15）A． Proudly	B． Unluckily	C． Finally	D． Happily

A good way to pass an exam is to work hard every day in the year．You may fail in an exam if you are lazy for most of the year and then work hard only a few days before the exam．
Do not remember only grammar when you are learning English．Try to read stories in English and speak in English as often as you can．A few days before the exam you should go to bed early．Do not study late at night．Before you start the exam，read carefully over the exam paper．Try to understand the exact meaning of each question before you pick up your pen to write．When you have at last finished your exam，read your answers again．Correct the mistakes if there are any and make sure you have not missed anything out．
If you want to do well in an exam，you must_____．

A．work hard every day in the year

B．study hard a few days before the exam

C．get up early a few days before the exam

D．keep doing your homework day and night

It is_______ to go to bed late at night before the exam．

A．useful	B．not helpful
C．important	D．difficult

Do your best to get the meaning of each question________．

A．after you write down your answers

B．before you write down your answers

C．as soon as you write down your answers

D．while you are writing down your answers

In the last sentence“miss...out”means“______．”

A．think it hard	B．be important enough
C．be wrong	D．forget to answer

If you want to learn English well，you must_______．

A．try to read as many English stories as you can

B．learn grammar well

C．try to speak in English as much as possible

D．both A，B and C

Space suits don't just make astronauts look cool.Without these （1） 　 　suits，astronauts wouldn't be able to leave their spaceship.That is to say，they wouldn't be able to

（2） 　 　on the Moon or work outside the International Space Station.

Space is a （3） 　 　place for human beings.Firstly，there is no air to breathe.Secondly，space also has high levels of radiation（辐射），energy that can pass through our bodies and make us（4） 　 　.Thirdly，some parts of space are really cold （5） 　 　other parts are very hot.So astronauts could die in just a few seconds if they（6） 　 　outside their spaceship without their suits.With a space suit，though，astronauts can move around in space for several hours.

Space suits keep astronauts（7） 　 　 sealed（密封的）inside.A backpack sends O2 in to let astronauts breathe normally.At the same time，the CO ₂ （8） 　 　 astronauts breathe out is sucked away.The suit also protects them from harmful radiation and fast﹣moving space dust. （9） 　 　 the space suit is another suit that looks like a pair of tight pajamas（睡衣）with little pipes running through them.Water runs through these pipes to（10） 　 　 astronauts because wearing a space suit can make astronauts very hot !

（1）A.private	B.special	C.plastic	D.expensive
（2）A.run	B.walk	C.live	D.surf
（3）A.funny	B.natural	C.beautiful	D.dangerous
（4）A.sick	B.bored	C.strong	D.relaxed
（5）A.after	B.since	C.before	D.while
（6）A.rushed	B.jumped	C.stepped	D.escaped
（7）A.safely	B.quickly	C.quietly	D.terribly
（8）A.who	B.this	C.that	D.whether
（9）A.Above	B.Under	C.Behind	D.Between
（10）A.wash away	B.warm up	C.cool off	D.clean out

Everyone needs friends. Friends bring us happiness and hope in our lives. But the ability to make friends changes from person to person. To some people, making friends is easy, and to others it’s very difficult.
Making friends is a skill, and the first thing is to know how to get along with others.
If you have trouble in making friends, maybe I can tell you how to do it.
★Realize your own good points. You have skills and talents (才能) that others will like.
★Believe that you are a good person and have something nice to share with others.
★Be humorous. Learn to laugh at yourself and your weakness. Remember to smile to others.
★Respect others. Everyone has his own idea. Learn how to listen to others’ ideas without trying to make them accept yours.
★Be kind. If you are kind to others, they will usually be kind to you. There are hundreds of little things you can do to show kindness. Open the door for someone, wave to a friend and so on.
★Don’t complain. Learn to accept what you can’t change, and work hard to change what you can. No one is willing to hear your complaining all the time.
★Never give up. Even if you are faced with some closed-minded people, never give up. And try to find someone who will understand you.
Why do we need friends according to the passage?

A．Friends can do everything for us.

B．Friends can bring us happiness.

C．Friends accept our ideas all the time.

D．Without friends we could not live.

Which of the following shows a sense of humor?

A．Opening the door for someone.

B．Complaining (抱怨) to others all the time.

C．Laughing at ourselves and our weakness.

D．Finding someone who will understand us.

Which is the best title?

A．What makes good friends.	B．How to make friends.
C．What happiness means.	D．How to be friendly.

Last year， I did not like my English class． Every class was like a bad（1） 　　． The teacher

（2） 　　so quickly that I didn't understand her most of the time． I was afraid（3） 　　questions

because of my（4） 　　pronunciation． I just hid behind my textbook and never said（5） 　　

（1） A． luck	B． cloud	C． dream
（2） A． speaks	B． spoke	C． speaking
（3） A． to ask	B． to tell	C． to give
（4） A poor	B． good	C． nice
（5） A something	B． anything	C． nothing

If we find a bird nest, we will have a good place of observing(观察)  and knowing about birds.
Birds sit on eggs and take care of their baby birds from April to June. Because the baby birds are too young to leave the nest, mothers often leave and come back to the nest during the time to look for food. So it is good to observe birds. When we observe birds, we’d better hide ourselves in a close place to the nest, and it’s better to use binoculars(双筒望远镜).
But how to make a bird nest? It’s very easy. If you want to make one, please follow these:
Making a nest: A good nest must be very fine, strong, thick and easy.
a) Each nest must have six boards. Don’t make the boards too slippery.
b) Dig a small hole in the front of the nest as a door. The “door” is from 3cm to 5cm. So the bird can fly in or out easily.
c) Make sure the rainwater doesn’t go into the nest.
d) One piece of the boards should be easy to open.
e) Please don’t forget to color the nest.
The most important thing in observing birds is to ______.

A．look for a place near the nest

B．climb trees

C．write down notes every day

D．make a bird nest

When we're watching birds, we have to ______.

A．look after the birds more often

B．use the binoculars to catch the birds

C．hide ourselves to make the birds do everything as usual

D．catch the birds at last

We should leave a hole in the front of the nest so that ______.

A．we can clean the nest

B．the birds can fly in or out

C．we can hang it easily

D．it’s easy to make

You and your family are planning a picnic for tomorrow．But you want to

（16）　　 the weather forecast （预报） first to see whether there will be rain or not．Your father turns on the television and the family listens to the（17）　　make the weather report．

"It will be partly cloudy tomorrow morning，（18）　　clearing by early afternoon．The high tomorrow will be 85．"

As there will be no rain，the whole family feels（19）　　．Without the weather forecast，you would not know this，and you would just have to take your chances．But now，you can plan your picnic（20）　　worrying whether it will rain or not．

The man you can thank for this is Cleveland Abbe．He is known as the father of the weather bureau．He was the first person to publish（21）　　weather forecasts in the United States．

Abbe began his daily weather bulletins （简报） in 1869．They were based on weather（22）_____he drew from telegraphed reports of weather conditions．Because of their accuracy （准确），the reports were（23）　　．

Congress （国会） became（24）　　 in Abbe's weather reports．They made Abbe a meteorologist （someone who studies weather conditions），and he（25）　　 issuing （发布） forecasts three times a day．He was the first official forecaster of the U．S．Weather Service．Because he often forecast probable storms，Abbe earned the nickname of "Old Probabilities．"

16．A．produce	B．spread	C．check	D．organize
17．A．fireman	B．postman	C．fisherman	D．weatherman
18．A．so	B．but	C．after	D．because
19．A．happy	B．worried	C．stressed	D．curious
20．A．about	B．without	C．against	D．from
21．A．online	B．polluted	C．daily	D．indoor
22．A．maps	B．stations	C．space	D．centers
23．A．strange	B．popular	C．terrible	D．useless
24．A．successful	B．similar	C．bored	D．interested
25．A．avoided	B．began	C．minded	D．risked．

The computer is fast， and never make a mistake， while people are too slow， and full of mistakes sometimes． Now a（36） 　　can do a lot of everyday jobs wonderfully． It is（37） 　　used in factories， hospitals， post office． A computer can report， decide and control in almost（38） 　　field． Many computer scientists are thinking of（39） 　　　　    the computer "think" like a man． With the help of a person， a computer can（40） 　　    pictures， write music， talk with people， play chess， recognize voice， translate languages and so on． Perhaps（41） 　　computers will really think and feel． Do you think the people will be afraid（42） 　　they find that the computer is too clever to listen to（43） 　　the people？ But I believe man is（44） 　　the master of the computer． The computer works only （45） 　　the help of man． It cannot take place of man．

36． A． boy	B． computer	C． woman	D． teacher
37． A． widely	B． slowly	C． sadly	D． hardly
38．A． either	B． both	C． every	D． none
39． A． making	B． leaving	C． feeling	D． taking
40． A． hear	B． talk	C． draw	D． put
41． A． one day	B． a day	C． any day	D． every day
42． A． what	B． when	C． where	D． why
43． A． choose	B． get	C． have	D． serve
44． A． seldom	B． never	C． always	D． sometimes
45． A． with	B． about	C． beside	D． for

The Monkey King is the main character from the famous （1）　　story Journey to the West． He is wonderful because he helps （2）　　 people．

     The Monkey King has a magic stick． He （3）　　it to fight bad people． He can（4）　_　 the stick big or small． He sometimes does not even look like a monkey． He can turn himself （5）　　different animals and objects． But unless he can hide his （6）　　，he can't make himself a human． （7）　　he sees bad people， he thinks of ways to fight them． Children all over the world become （8）　　 in reading this story．

（1）A． Chinese	B． Japanese	C． English
（2）A． safe	B． strong	C． weak
（3）A． has	B． uses	C． beats
（4）A． make	B． made	C． makes
（5）A． off	B． on	C． into
（6）A． hair	B． tail	C． head
（7）A． As soon as	B． But	C． Until
（8）A． interesting	B． interested	C． excited

Each one of us shares this planet with seven billion others．And we all need （36） 　 : 　．People and products need to move from city to city and country to country．However，we all know（37） 　 　most cars，motorcycles，boats and planes cause air pollution．They are also（38） 　 　．This is a serious problem in many cities．（39） 　 　inventors are coming up with creative ideas to try to reduce the pollution and noise．

In many cities around the world，motorcycles are very（40） 　 　．Now Vietnam has around 33million motorcycles and China has almost 120 million．Motorcycles are a faster and cheaper way to get around a city than（41） 　 　．Yet air pollution is a growing problem．In large cities，people（42） 　 　it is difficult to breathe．To solve these problems，a U．S．company designed an environmentally friendly motorcycle，It uses electricity as fuel（燃料）．As a result，there is（43） 　 　pollution．It's also quiet and fast．This makes （44） 　 　a good choice for getting around a city．

The Italian city of Venice is a city with only a few（45） 　 　．There are no cars in the city center．（46） 　 　cars，water taxis and buses carry people along the city's canal（运河）．However，they cause pollution，（47） 　 　to the water．English engineers Dick and Jem designed a solar﹣powered（太阳能）water taxi．The water taxi

（48） 　 　run for a day after being recharged（充电）．

Planes also cause air and noise pollution．Designing an environmentally friendly airplane is a real （49） 　 　．Some airplane companies have （50） 　 　to solve the problems．Swiss engineers have gone one step further．They developed a solar airplane．This plane holds the world record for the longest solar﹣powered flight﹣1，541 kilometers from Arizona to Texas in America．

36．A．air	B．food	C．transportation	D．communication
37．A．how	B．why	C．when	D．that
38．A．noisy	B．dirty	C．fast	D．expensive
39．A．Since	B．So	C．Because	D．Although
40．A．popular	B．valuable	C．dangerous	D．safe
41．A．bikes	B．subways	C．buses	D．cars
42．A．explain	B．complain	C．doubt	D．promise
43．A．much	B．some	C．no	D．more
44．A．them	B．you	C．us	D．it
45．A．rivers	B．roads	C．tourists	D．people
46．A．Instead of	B．Thanks to	C．Because of	D．As for
47．A．probably	B．only	C．especially	D．hardly
48．A．must	B．can	C．should	D．need
49．A．question	B．job	C．decision	D．challenge
50．A．disagreed	B．refused	C．started	D．remembered．

You may think there is only sand in the desert（沙漠） of the world，（1） 　 　it is not true．In the desert，as we know，there is a little（2） 　 　，but it is not（3） 　 　for most plants．Still we can see some plants live in the desert．

There is（4） 　 　in some places in the deserts．We call these places oases（绿洲）．In the oases，there are villages and towns．People grow all kinds of eropa in the fields there．

People（5） 　 　live outside the oases．They have camels，sheep and other animals．These animals depend on the desert plants for their food and do not need （6） 　 　water．

The aninmals are useful to the desert people in many ways．They eat the meat and drink the milk of the animals．They use the camels for carrying water，food，and something else．

The people of the desert have to keep moving from place to place．They must always （7） _ 　grass or desert plants for their animals．When there is no more food for their animals，they move to （8） 　 　place．The desert people are（9） 　 　．No man in the desert would ever（10） 　 　to help the people in trouble and give them food and water．

（1）A． and	B． but	C． or	D． so
（2）A． rain	B． rains	C． wind	D． winds
（3）A． well enough	B． enough well	C． good enough	D． enough good
（4）A． sand	B． plants	C． woods	D． water
（5）A． also	B． too	C． either	D． still
（6）A．a little	B． too many	C． too much	D． some
（7）A． look at	B． look for	C． look up	D． look after
（8）A． other	B． the other	C． others	D． another
（9）A． well	B． friend	C． friendly	D． carefully
（10）A． agree	B． refuse	C． promise	D． want

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的三个选项（A、B 和C）中，选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项．

In China，red is known to be a lucky color．But you may be surprised to know that British Culture is（46）　B　of the red，It's true．Go to Britain and you'll see（47）　C　everywhere．

There are red postboxes，red phone boxes and（48）　B　rec double﹣decker（双层） buses

around the country．Red is the color traditionally worn by British（49）　A　in battle，and there is red in the UK's Union Jack national flag．

To go with British culture's love of red，many red animals（50）　A　an important part in

British nature，like the robin（知更岛） with a bright red breast（胸）．（51）　A　Christmas

Day，the bird is commonly found on the greeting cards people send（52）　B　．There are quite

special red squirrels（ 松鼠），too，'

But is red（53）　A　lucky to British people？The results may surprise you．Red is used quite

（54）　B　as a metaphor（比喻）．If some one"sees red"，they are angry．（55）　C　apersonis"red

laced"，they are out of breath or turning red in the face．

Even so，red is still every where in Britain It does seem that the country is in love with The color．

the color．

46．A fond	B，full	C．proud
47．A yellow	B．green	C．red
48．A boring	B．popular	C．surprising
49．A．soldiers	B．officers	C．teachers
50．A play	B．spend	C．take
51．A．At	B．Or	C In
52．A．any other	B． each other	C．another one
53．A．considered	B． given	C required
54．A similarly	B．differently	C．difficultly
55．A．Unless	B．Before	C．When．