初中英语说明文试题

There are no peasants (农民) in Britain. The workers on a farm are called farm workers. The farmer pays them every week. There are not many workers on a farm. The farmers have many machines. The machines do most of the work. A farm with four workers is a big farm, and a farm with one worker is a small farm.
Britain does not grow rice. The summer is not hot enough. The most important grain crop in Britain is wheat. Wheat and other crops grow best in the east of Britain. In the west there is a lot of rain. Here grass grows very well. So, in the west of Britain, most farms are animal farms. They are not crop farms. The Britain winter is warm and the grass grows all the year. The animals live out in the fields and on the highlands all the year. The Britain people eat lots of meat and they drink lots of milk. Cattle give milk and meat, sheep give meat. Cattle and sheep farms are in the west. Pigs are on farms here and there.
Britain can now produce about half of its food. It doesn’t produce enough wheat, so some wheat is imported (进口) from other countries. Britain must also import all the hot climate food, such as rice, tea, coffee and so on.
Judge the following sentences true(T) or false(F) 根据短文内容判断正误(每题两分，10分)
In Britain, a big farm has only four workers.
The Britain summer isn’t very hot so rice doesn’t grow well in Britain.
In the west of Britain, there are lots of crop farms.
The animals can live out all the year because the Britain farmers don’t like to keep the animals inside in winter.
Britain can produce half of its food

My name is Tian Yong．I was born in a poor family on July 22，1996．My parents are（11） 　 : 　farmers in a small mountain village．In my family，there （12） 　　also my grandparents and my younger sister．（13） 　　life is not so easy for such a big family，we are still enjoying a happy life．with the help of many people，I became a student in a middle school．My teachers and classmates are very （14） 　　to me．I like my computer science teacher most，I learned a lot （15） 　　him．when I grow up，I want to become a teacher like him．I will try my best to help poor students．

11．A．both	B．all	C．either	D．none
12．A．is	B．are	C．was	D．were
13．A．So	B．Because	C．Since	D．Though
14．A．bad	B．nice	C．sad	D．well
15．A．at	B．to	C．from	D．with．

A science book gives facts. Some science books tell us about animals. Some tell us about plants. Some tell us about outer space. This page tells us about animals.
Do you know that not only the fish but also some animals live in the sea? For example, the whale is not a fish. It can't breathe in the water. It swims in the water. But it comes up for air.
The blue whale is the world's biggest animal. There are other sea animals, too. One is called the dolphin. Dolphins need air to live. They breathe air, as whales do. Dolphins are very clever. They sometimes seem to speak to each other.
Many other animals live near the sea. Seals (海豹) and otters（水獭）love the sea. They swim and play there, They eat smaller fish and sea plants. Seals and otters have thick fur. The fur keeps them warm.
The passage mainly tells us about _______.

A．fishes

B．plants

C．science

D．sea animals

Which of the sentences below is NOT true?

A．The whale can swim in the sea like a fish.

B．The whale can breathe in the sea like a fish.

C．Both whales and dolphins are sea animals.

D．Seals and otters like living near the sea.

What food do seals and otters like eating?

A．Only smaller fish.	B．Only sea plants.
C．Smaller fish and sea plants.	D．Blue whales and dolphins

Some sea animals can keep themselves warm because _______.

A．they are big animals	B．they like playing in the sea
C．they have thick fur	D．they eat enough food every day

The size and shape of your ears show your character more than any other part of the face. Other parts of the face change shapes as we get older, but ears do not change their shape. They only change in size.
Reading people’s character from their ears is a very old science. In the past people thought that a person’s ears with colour was dangerous. They also thought that the shape of the ears showed if a person was musical or not. Today, too many people believe that the size and shape of the ears help you know if a person is musical.
Ears are all different, and each different thing has a meaning. Next time you look at a person, see if his or her ears are large, medium-size, or small. Look at the lobes（耳垂）. Do they stick to the face? Ears that are always red mean that a person may get angry easily. Ears that are always cold and nearly white colour mean that a person has a nervous(紧张的) character.
When a baby is born, ________.

A．his/ her ears are red

B．his/ her ears will not change all the life

C．his/ her ears will not change in shape

D．he/ she will get large ears

Reading people’s character from their ears is ____________.

A．only for music

B．an old idea

C．very new

D．a good way to talk with others

When one’s ears are red, it means________.

A．he is a kind man

B．he is very happy

C．he may get angry easily

D．he drinks too much

When one’s ears are always cold and nearly white colour, it means________

A．He is friendly.	B．He is always polite.
C．He looks good.	D．He has a nervous character.

Which may be the best title of the article?

A．Looking at a person in the right way

B．Ears and colours

C．The change of ears

D．Ears and characters

Do you need useful and interesting books? Here we have got some for you.
Best learners
This book can give you the answers to the questions most often asked by parents, teachers and students themselves. Read this book and learn:
What the three difficulties in study are and what to do with them.
What to do if you don’t take an interest in a subject you are studying.
Twenty-six simple exercises to help you study easily and fast.
You will get more from this book. For younger students, you can buy Learn to Study for Beginners. It is easier to understand.
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A pet can be our best friend. Do you have pets in your house? Are they in good shape? This book not only offers you many colorful pictures of lovely pets, but also provides you with the knowledge about:
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Best learners	What’re the three difficulties in study and how to ________ with them.
What if you aren’t ________in a subject you are studying.
If you finish the 26 simple exercises , you can study easily and fast.
How to keep pets	You should choose the pets you like.
You’d better build houses or nests for them.
In order to make your pets________, you should feed them and keep them clean.
The book , ________, is better for younger students to read.
If you ________ more information, you can go to our website.

 

Good manners are important． You need（1）　　at work and at school． You（2）　　need them at meals． At a nice（3）　　， remember some important manners． First， put your napkin on your lap． Do not leave it on the table． Eat your food（4）　　． Don't make any noise． Don't put your elbows on the table． That（5）　　polite． Take（6）　　bites of food and eat slowly． Use good manners， and everyone can（7）　　the meal．

（1）A． it	B． him	C． them
（2）A． once	B． also	C． only
（3）A． meal	B． dinner	C． breakfast
（4）A． quietly	B． quickly	C． slowly
（5）A． is	B． isn't	C． may be
（6）A． big	B． full	C． small
（7）A． eat	B． have	C． enjoy

If you go to Hong Kong by air, you will arrive at Kai Tak Airport. Because there was no enough land, it was built out into the sea. It is in the part of Hong Kong called Kowloon. Kowloon is one of the two big cities in Hong Kong.
The other city is Hong Kong itself. It is on an island. You can get there by ship or through a tunnel under the sea. Much of Hong Kong is farmland and mountains.
The population of Hong Kong is over 6 million. Most of them are Chinese. Chinese and English are spoken by many people there.
Clothes, computers, radios and TVs are made in Hong Kong. You can watch dog-racing or motor-racing. Some places are quiet and beautiful. When you are hot and tired, there are small and cool gardens to rest in. There are also a lot of tall buildings to live in. Hong Kong is also a good place for Chinese cooking. You can enjoy many kinds of Chinese cooking, for example, fish, meat and vegetables. Beijing Roast Duck is famous as well. There is certainly a lot to see and to do in Hong Kong.
In 1997, Hong Kong was returned to China. It’s a part of China.
The airport was built out into the sea because ______.

A．it's near the sea

B．there was not enough land

C．planes arrive safely

D．it's good

Kowloon is ______.

A．on an island

B．the name of an airport

C．a part of Hong Kong

D．a big city under the sea

Most people in Hong Kong speak ______.

A．neither Chinese nor English

B．Chinese as their second language

C．English only

D．Chinese and English

The main idea of the fourth part is that ______.

A．dog-racing is interesting

B．Beijing duck is famous

C．Chinese food is famous

D．Hong Kong is a good place for travelling

Every day in newspapers and magazines there are articles telling us we should exercise more.

    And scientists now say that（1）　 　is one of the best way to keep fit.It can make you feel better and look better.Some say it can even make you live（2）　 　.

    All you need for naming，some comfortable clothes and a pair of sports shoes.You don't need to buy special clothes（3）　 　you should get a good pair of sports shoes.And remember一you should always buy shoes for running one size larger than your（4）　 　shoes.

    Some people find running boring，so，cycling or swimming instead once in a while.Also，you shouldn't exercise every day.It's very important to（5）　 　two or three times a week.You should eat well and drink lots of water but you can still have nice things like chocolate（6）　 　.Do some leg exercises every week as well，because this makes you stronger and helps you run better.

    If you're a beginner，there are lots of ways to make exercise fun.You can join a club or you can exercise with a friend.Another idea is to run in a race.This can give you a（n）（7）　 　to train and keep you interested in running.

（1）A.running	B.swimming	C.cycling
（2）A.long	B.longer	C.longest
（3）A.and	B.or	C.but
（4）A.usual	B.clean	C.different
（5）A.play	B.rest	C.work
（6）A.never	B.often	C.sometimes
（7）A.reason	B.excuse	C.method

Little Women is Louisa May Alcott's most famous novel.The novel follows the（1） 　 　of the four March sisters - Meg，Jo，Beth and Amy - and is based on the writer's own（2） 　　of growing up with her three sisters during the American Civil War （1861﹣1865）.

The main theme in the story is the importance of（3） 　　.Other themes include the need to work and self﹣improvement.

When the story begins the sisters are complaining because they are（4） 　　and have to work.Their mother says that they mustn't spend money on pleasure（5） 　 　there is a war and everybody must help.Their father is in the army.In the letters their father sends home he tells his daughters to work hard and not to waste their time.They must try to（6） 　　the bad things in their lives and stay cheerful.He wants to be proud of them when he comes home.The girls decide to make an effort to（7） 　　themselves because they love and miss their father very much.

Alcott was interested in women's rights and，through the four March sisters，she explored （探索）four different（8） 　 　 of being a woman in those days.Meg leaves the family to get（9） 　　 and have a new family.Beth devotes （致力于）herself to（10） 　　 her own family.Amy focuses on herself and her own pleasure.And Jo，like Alcott herself，tries to have a career in writing and care for her family at the same time.

（1）A.rules	B.lives	C.secrets
（2）A.experiences	B.expressions	C.directions
（3）A.friendship	B.work	C.family
（4）A.poor	B.rich	C.clever
（5）A.so	B.because	C.if
（6）A.sell	B.find	C.accept
（7）A.improve	B.serve	C.imagine
（8）A.maps	B.ways	C.circles
（9）A.dressed	B.lost	C.married
（10）A.looking after	B.looking for	C.asking for

What makes us ill？It is the germs（细菌）.（1）　　are everywhere.The are very（2）　 　.You can't find them with your eyes，but you can see them（3）　　a microscope（显微镜）.There could be hundreds of them on a very small thing.

    Germs are always found in（4）　　water.When we look at dirty water under the microscope，we shall see（5）　　.So your father and mother will not let you drink dirty water.

    Germs are found not only in（6）　　.They are found（7）　 　in air and dust（灰尘）.When you（8）　　your finger，if some dust from the floor goes into the cut，some germs would go into your finger.Then you will have much pain in it.Sometimes germs would go into all of your body，and you would have pain everywhere.

（1）A.Germs	B.Books	C.Gardens
（2）A.big	B.small	C.long
（3）A.with	B.to	C.of
（4）A.clean	B.tidy	C.dirty
（5）A.them	B.him	C.they
（6）A.food	B.drink	C.water
（7）A.neither	B.also	C.too
（8）A.cut	B.check	C.make

A famous designer（设计师） and a university student produce a new cup called Vessyl．They have spent several years （1）　　it．The smart cup can not only tell Coca Cola from Pepsi Cola，（2）　　also tell people whether they should drink water or not．

    When people（3）　　liquid（液体） into this smart cup，a few seconds（秒） later，it can check this kind of liquid and tell them what it is．Then it gives（4）　information of the drink，such as sugar，fat and calorie．When people put the cup in their （5）　　，it can also show them the condition of their bodies．If they are （6）　　．Vessyl can tell them to drink water．

    "My partner and I want people to （7）　　 healthy．In modern society，people are usually （8）　　 busy to do exercise，or even drink enough water every day．They have much （9）　　．We produce this smart cup so that people can make a choice （10）　　．"the designer said．

（1）A．in	B．on	C．at	D．of
（2）A．and	B．though	C．nor	D．but
（3）A．pour	B．pull	C．lift	D．regard
（4）A．a few	B．a lot	C．lots of	D．many
（5）A．desks	B．hands	C．bags	D．mouths
（6）A．full	B．hungry	C．thirsty	D．awful
（7）A．carry	B．have	C．touch	D．keep
（8）A．too	B．to	C．so	D．very
（9）A．danger	B．pressure	C．power	D．laughter
（10）A．quietly	B．hardly	C．wisely	D．recently

    Everyone knows that second﹣hand smoke is as dangerous as first﹣hand

smoke． But have you （ 1）h　　 of "third﹣hand" smoke？Third﹣hand smoke means the pollution left on the surfaces （表面） of things around， （2）l　　 furniture or clothes． When someone smokes in a room， poisonous particles（粒子） in tobacco （烟草） smoke land on the surfaces of the furniture or his clothes， even after the cigarette （香烟） has been put out． This can cause a great danger to your family， （3）e　　younger children．

     Babies have only just learned to walk． They are more likely to be harmed by third﹣hand smoke． This is（4）b　　 they are often close to surfaces of things． such as floors， walls and furniture where tobacco particles remain． When they （5）t　　 these surfaces， they get their hands polluted．

     So， it is necessary and important to say （6）n　　 to third﹣hand smoke． To achieve this， strict （ 7 ） r　　 for forbidding （禁止） smoking inside homes should be carried out． If one of your family members smokes， please make sure he smokes （8）o　　 the house． Get him a special jacket and hat， so once he （9）f　　 smoking， he will take them off before getting inside the house． Moreover， make sure that a smoker washes his hands and face， and changes his clothes before picking up the baby．

     Many times， you cannot see the smoke doing harm to your child， but it doesn't mean he or she is （10）s　　"． Give up smoking， or if that is not possible， make sure that your loved ones， far away from third﹣hand smoke．

The Great Wall of China is one of the greatest wonders of the world．With a （1） 　 　of more than 2，000 years， some parts of the Great Wall have disappeared．（2） 　 　， it is still a very popular place of interest．

It is the （3） 　 　wall ever built． It is about 8 meters high． The top is 8 meters wide and it （4） 　 　even wider at the bottom． It is made （5） 　 　stone and brick． People built it by （6） 　 　and it took a long time to finish．

No one knows（7） 　 　when the building of the Great Wall was started． It is believed that the wall was built to （8） 　 　parts of the country in the old days． It also made people live a（n） （9） 　 　life．

Today， many of the visitors go to see the Great Wall．（10） 　 　they stand on top of a tower and look down on this wall， they can't help saying，"Wow， that's fantastic!"

（1）A． number	B． purpose	C． history	D． choice
（2）A． But	B． So	C． And	D． However
（3）A． longest	B． shortest	C． farthest	D． biggest
（4）A． needs	B． gets	C． spends	D． sounds
（5）A． from	B． into	C． by	D． of
（6）A． hand	B． accident	C． machine	D． mistake
（7）A．usually	B．normally	C．exactly	D．luckily
（8）A．provide	B．protect	C．search	D．produce
（9）A．smart	B．awful	C．terrible	D．peaceful
（10）A．Before	B．Unless	C．When	D．Though

A habit is any action that we have performed so often that it becomes something that we do almost without thinking. Some of them are thought to be bad habits. People spend countless hours and dollars each year trying to get rid of these bad habits but often fail. Why? Change is hard work and there is no shortcut to achieve it. However, there is still some advice for you to follow.
First, look at why you do it. In other words, what’s the result of doing this thing? If your bad habit is shouting at people when you are unhappy or under pressure, what do you get from it? It may make you feel a little better for the moment. Or maybe you have a bad habit of leaving your homework undone. The result could be that you get more time to spend on the Internet!
Next, take a look on the other hand. What are you losing because of your habit? Shouting at other people is a bad habit because it makes people around you feel bad and unhappy. Leaving your homework undone is a bad habit because you may be punished by your teacher. Having more Internet time means that you are losing the chance to learn the things that you need to learn. When you think that way, you’ll find that it’s not wise to keep your bad habit! Now it is time to make a decision. What will you choose? I’m sure you will choose to do what you think is more important.
From the first paragraph we know that __________.

A．a habit is a terrible thing that we can never change

B．people take countless hours and dollars to get rid of habits

C．none of the people who try to break bad habits are successful

D．though it is difficult, we can still do something about our bad habits

The underlined sentence “there is no shortcut to achieve it” means that ________.

A．it is not easy to get rid of bad habits

B．there is a long way and a short way

C．something dangerous may happen

D．we must cut it in a short time.

The main purpose of this passage is to __________.

A．introduce and describe	B．complain（埋怨）and disagree
C．explain(解释) and advise	D．discuss and argue（争论）

Without proper planning, tourism can cause problems. For example, too many tourists can crowd public places that are also enjoyed by the local people of a country. If tourists create too much traffic, the local people become unhappy. They begin to dislike tourists and to treat them impolitely. They forget how much tourism can help the country’s economy(经济). It is important to think about the people of a destination country and how tourism affects them. Tourism should help a country keep the customs and beauty that attract tourists. Tourism should also advance(推进) the well-being (health and happiness) of local people.
Too much tourism can be a problem. If tourism grows too quickly, people must leave other jobs to work in the tourism industry. This means that other parts of the country’s economy can suffer.
On the other hand, if there is not enough tourism, people can lose jobs. Businesses can also lose money. It costs a lot of money to build large hotels, airports, air terminals, first-class roads and other support facilities needed by tourist attractions. For example, a major international-class tourism hotel can cost as much as 50 thousand dollars per room to build. If this room is not used most of the time, the owners of the hotel will lose money.
Building a hotel is just a beginning. There must be many support facilities as well, including roads to get to the hotel, electricity, sewers to handle waste, and water. All of these support facilities cost money. If they are not used because there are not enough tourists, jobs and money are lost.
What is probably the reason if local people dislike tourists?

A．Tourists come to enjoy the customs and beauty.

B．Local people lose jobs.

C．A lot of hotels are built.

D．Too many tourists cause traffic problems.

What can we do to solve the problems caused by tourism?

A．Make plans properly.

B．Help the country’s economy.

C．Build fewer hotels.

D．Advance the well-being of local people.

If tourism grows too quickly, ___________.

A．businesses will lose money

B．other parts of the country’s economy will make more money

C．local people will be happier

D．more local people will work for tourists.

Support facilities needed by tourist attractions includes ___________.
①public places ②hotels ③airports ④roads ⑤electricity  ⑥sewers  

A．①②③④⑤

B．②③④⑤⑥

C．①②③⑤⑥

D．①③④⑤⑥

If the writer wants to add Paragraph 5 to the passage, he may tell us ________.

A．whether people need to build more hotels

B．whether people need to plan tourism properly

C．how to deal with the problems above

D．how to prevent tourism growing too quickly