初中英语说明文试题

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Best learners
This book can give you the answers to the questions most often asked by parents, teachers and students themselves. Read this book and learn:
What the three difficulties in study are and what to do with them.
What to do if you don’t take an interest in a subject you are studying.
Twenty-six simple exercises to help you study easily and fast.
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Best learners	What’re the three difficulties in study and how to________ with them.
What if you aren’t ________in a subject you are studying.
If you finish the 26 simple exercises , you can study easily and fast.
How to keep pets	You should choose the pets you like.
You’d better build houses or nests for them.
In order to make your pets ________, you should feed them and keep them clean.
The book , ________, is better for younger students to read.
If you ________ more information, you can go to our website.

 

  The students were having their chemistry class. Miss Li was telling the children what water was like. After that, she asked her students, “What is water?” No one answered for a few minutes. Miss Li asked again, “Why don’t you answer my question? Didn’t I tell you what water is like?”
Just then, a boy put up his hand and said, “Miss Li, you told us that water has no color and no smell. But where to find such kind of water? The water in the river behind my house is always black and it has a bad smell.” Most of the children agreed with him.
“I’m sorry, children,” said the teacher, “Our water is getting dirtier and dirtier. That’s a serious problem.”
Answer the questions according to the passage.
Why didn’t the children answer the teacher’s question at first?
                                                                                 
Please use a sentence to describe what water is.
                                                                                 
Why does the water in the river have color and smell?
                                                                                 
Do you think the boy who answered the teacher’s question is stupid?
                                                                                 
Is water important for us? Why?
                                                                                 

Look at the picture on the right. What is it? Yeah, it’s a special robot car，ROPITS. Japan made it this year. It’s a new kind of car. The car can drive itself. It is very easy for people to use it.
ROPITS is short for Robot for Personal Intelligent Transport System (个人智能交通系统机器人). ROPITS has only one seat. The Japanese made it for old and disabled (残疾的) people in Japan.
What makes the ROPITS special? One can ask it to pick him or her up from a computer or a smart-phone. After he or she gets in the car and tells the ROPITS where to go, it will begin to drive itself and let the driver enjoy the ride.
The ROPITS will not have traffic accidents (事故) because it drives very slowly, not more than 7 kilometers an hour.
This passage is about a new kind of     .

A．car

B．bicycle

C．smart-phone

D．computer

The ROPITS is special because     .

A．it is only for people in Japan	B．it can drive itself all the way
C．it can drive fast on the road	D．it is for the old and disabled people

From the passage we know that     .

A．ROPITS is big and smart

B．people must learn to drive ROPITS

C．only old and disabled people can use ROPITS

D．ROPITS is helpful for the old and the disabled people

False Bay is South Africa． It is one of the（1）　　places in the world to see a great white shark． The great white shark is known for its（2）　　﹣﹣the largest sharks can grow to six meters in length and over 2,000 kilometres in weight． Great white sharks are meat﹣eaters． They catch large（3）　　like tuna（金枪鱼），seals（海豹）and even whales，Great white sharks also（4）　　boats． Simon a British researcher， was lucky to get away safely when a shark bit into his boat． About three people are killed each year（5）　　great white sharks．

     The sharks come to hunt 60，000 seals that live in False Bay， In order to find fish， the seals have to cross the deep water of the bay﹣﹣ this is where the sharks（6）　　． Great white sharks are very good hunters．They wait below the seals and then swim（7）　　and crash into them by surprise at 40kilometers per hour， killing （8）　　with one bite．

     Will a shark attack something that（9）　　like food？

    Some researchers put a carpet in the shape of a seal（10）　　． At high speeds the sharks can't tell the difference．

   （11）　　a shark choose between a plant and a fish？

     When scientists put tuna and sea﹣plant in the water， the shark bites into（12）　　．Even though sharks eat meat， if a plant looks like an animal， the shark attacks．

   Will a shark prefer to eat a human or a fish？

    When the shark has a choice between humans and tuna， it is the（13）　　that attracts the shark's attention． Great white sharks clearly prefer fish to humans．

    These researchers show that great white sharks are（14）　　hunters which will attack anything that looks and acts like a fish． （15）　　， that means humans can also get bitten by mistake．

（1）A． good	B． well	C． better	D． best
（2）A． colour	B． size	C． speed	D． shape
（3）A． pets	B． insects	C． sea﹣animals	D． birds
（4）A． attack	B． protect	C． love	D． follow
（5）A． for	B． by	C． with	D． of
（6）A． wait	B． rest	C． sleep	D． play
（7）A． around	B． along	C． down	D． up
（8）A． us	B． you	C． it	D． them
（9）A． looks	B． sounds	C． smells	D． tastes
（10）A． on the ground	B． in the sky	C． in the water	D． in the room
（11）A． Can	B． May	C． Must	D． Should
（12）A． all	B． none	C． both	D． neither
（13）A． human	B． fish	C． sea﹣plant	D． boat
（14）A． amazing	B． strange	C． kind	D． dangerous
（15）A． Proudly	B． Unluckily	C． Finally	D． Happily

Joan is an American girl. She lives in China now. She is in my class. Her parents work in China, too, but her brother works in the U.S.A. He often writes letters to them. Joan likes Chinese class very much, and likes speaking Chinese with us after class. Her father teaches us English well. We all like his class. On Sundays, Joan goes to the People's Park with her father and mother. Sometimes she goes shopping with her mother. They like the Chinese food very much. It's a happy family.
Joan is from ________.
A. China B. Japan  C. the U.S.A. D. Canada
Joan likes speaking ________with us after class.

A．Chinese

B．English

C．French

D．Japanese

Joan's ________ is an English teacher.

A．father

B．mother

C．brother

D．father and mother

How often does Joan go to the shop?

A．Often.

B．Never.

C．Every Sunday.

D．Sometimes.

Which is not wrong?

A．Joan's mother is a good doctor.	B．There are three people in her family.
C．They like to eat the Chinese food a lot.	D．The family are all in China.

It?s always hard to say goodbye to someone you love. In Washington DC, US, local (当地的) zoo-goers are sad about the news that their superstar panda Tai Shan is going to leave the National Zoo.
At a morning meeting on December 4, zoo director（主管） Steven Montfort said that the black-eared bear would be going off to China sometime over the winter, under an agreement（协议）with the Chinese government.
Tai Shan, whose name means “peaceful mountain,” was born at the DC zoo on July 9, 2005. He has been loved by zoo-goers since his first public show in December of that year.
But under the agreement that brought his mother, Mei Xiang, and father, Tian Tian, to the zoo from China, all three belong to (属于) China.
Tai Shan should have been returned to China when he was 2. But China gave him two extensions (延期) to stay at the National Zoo. Tai is old enough to breed (繁殖). So it?s time for him to come back to China and join a program to try to increase the panda population.
The National Zoo has tried to breed Mei Xiang a few times since Tai Shan was born, without success. Montfort said the zoo would try again soon in the hope of producing another baby panda. “We?re hopeful every year,” he said.
Where can the passage probably be taken from?

A．A dictionary.	B．A science book.
C．A newspaper.	D．A novel.

The word “zoo-goers” mean people who ______

A．live at the zoo	B．love to visit the zoo
C．work at the zoo	D．leave the zoo

According to the passage, who is going to leave the National Zoo?

A．Steven Montfort.	B．Mei Xiang.
C．Tian Tian.	D．Tai Shan.

We can tell from the passage that ______.

A．Tai Shan and his parents belong to China

B．Tai Shan first appeared in public in 2006

C．Tai Shan’s parents will be sent to China

D．Tai Shan belongs to the US because it’s born there

What does the National Zoo try to do every year?

A．To make Tai Shan stay there.

B．To make Mei Xiang give birth to new babies.

C．To attract more people to visit Tai Shan.

D．To send Tai Shan and his parents back to China.

How do you keep cool during summer？Air conditioners or electric fans are good tools in modern society．But（36） 　　that，people could only use fans．

Over 3，000 years ago，fans began to be used．They were made of feathers （羽毛），bamboo or silk．They came in different （37） 　　，including round and square．

Later，with the invention of paper，folding（可折叠的） paper fans became popular during the Song Dynasty．There are usually beautiful （38） 　　on fans．Some are landscapes（风景）．Others are flowers and animals．Moreover，many great people including Su Dongpo，a poet of the Song Dynasty，and Tang Yin，scholar （学者） and painter of the Ming Dynasty，once painted their masterpieces （杰作） on fans．This made fans not only（39） 　　tools in daily life but also great artworks．

So，with its value of beauty，people take fans as a symbol of status （地位）．That's why in old China，emperors and scholars often held fans．

Today，fans are also great collectors'items （藏品） and gifts．On the opening ceremony of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games，folding fans were（40） 　　to leaders and officials （官员 ） of other countries．While they were（41） 　　fans to get cool，they were also experiencing Chinese culture．

36．A．before	B．after	C．from
37．A．colors	B．sizes	C．shapes
38．A．plants	B．pictures	C．persons
39．A．useful	B．beautiful	C．careful
40．A．bought	B．posted	C．given
41．A．holding	B．waving	C．playing．

Every day in newspapers and magazines there are articles telling us we should exercise more.

    And scientists now say that（1）　 　is one of the best way to keep fit.It can make you feel better and look better.Some say it can even make you live（2）　 　.

    All you need for naming，some comfortable clothes and a pair of sports shoes.You don't need to buy special clothes（3）　 　you should get a good pair of sports shoes.And remember一you should always buy shoes for running one size larger than your（4）　 　shoes.

    Some people find running boring，so，cycling or swimming instead once in a while.Also，you shouldn't exercise every day.It's very important to（5）　 　two or three times a week.You should eat well and drink lots of water but you can still have nice things like chocolate（6）　 　.Do some leg exercises every week as well，because this makes you stronger and helps you run better.

    If you're a beginner，there are lots of ways to make exercise fun.You can join a club or you can exercise with a friend.Another idea is to run in a race.This can give you a（n）（7）　 　to train and keep you interested in running.

（1）A.running	B.swimming	C.cycling
（2）A.long	B.longer	C.longest
（3）A.and	B.or	C.but
（4）A.usual	B.clean	C.different
（5）A.play	B.rest	C.work
（6）A.never	B.often	C.sometimes
（7）A.reason	B.excuse	C.method

Little Women is Louisa May Alcott's most famous novel.The novel follows the（1） 　 　of the four March sisters - Meg，Jo，Beth and Amy - and is based on the writer's own（2） 　　of growing up with her three sisters during the American Civil War （1861﹣1865）.

The main theme in the story is the importance of（3） 　　.Other themes include the need to work and self﹣improvement.

When the story begins the sisters are complaining because they are（4） 　　and have to work.Their mother says that they mustn't spend money on pleasure（5） 　 　there is a war and everybody must help.Their father is in the army.In the letters their father sends home he tells his daughters to work hard and not to waste their time.They must try to（6） 　　the bad things in their lives and stay cheerful.He wants to be proud of them when he comes home.The girls decide to make an effort to（7） 　　themselves because they love and miss their father very much.

Alcott was interested in women's rights and，through the four March sisters，she explored （探索）four different（8） 　 　 of being a woman in those days.Meg leaves the family to get（9） 　　 and have a new family.Beth devotes （致力于）herself to（10） 　　 her own family.Amy focuses on herself and her own pleasure.And Jo，like Alcott herself，tries to have a career in writing and care for her family at the same time.

（1）A.rules	B.lives	C.secrets
（2）A.experiences	B.expressions	C.directions
（3）A.friendship	B.work	C.family
（4）A.poor	B.rich	C.clever
（5）A.so	B.because	C.if
（6）A.sell	B.find	C.accept
（7）A.improve	B.serve	C.imagine
（8）A.maps	B.ways	C.circles
（9）A.dressed	B.lost	C.married
（10）A.looking after	B.looking for	C.asking for

What makes us ill？It is the germs（细菌）.（1）　　are everywhere.The are very（2）　 　.You can't find them with your eyes，but you can see them（3）　　a microscope（显微镜）.There could be hundreds of them on a very small thing.

    Germs are always found in（4）　　water.When we look at dirty water under the microscope，we shall see（5）　　.So your father and mother will not let you drink dirty water.

    Germs are found not only in（6）　　.They are found（7）　 　in air and dust（灰尘）.When you（8）　　your finger，if some dust from the floor goes into the cut，some germs would go into your finger.Then you will have much pain in it.Sometimes germs would go into all of your body，and you would have pain everywhere.

（1）A.Germs	B.Books	C.Gardens
（2）A.big	B.small	C.long
（3）A.with	B.to	C.of
（4）A.clean	B.tidy	C.dirty
（5）A.them	B.him	C.they
（6）A.food	B.drink	C.water
（7）A.neither	B.also	C.too
（8）A.cut	B.check	C.make

A famous designer（设计师） and a university student produce a new cup called Vessyl．They have spent several years （1）　　it．The smart cup can not only tell Coca Cola from Pepsi Cola，（2）　　also tell people whether they should drink water or not．

    When people（3）　　liquid（液体） into this smart cup，a few seconds（秒） later，it can check this kind of liquid and tell them what it is．Then it gives（4）　information of the drink，such as sugar，fat and calorie．When people put the cup in their （5）　　，it can also show them the condition of their bodies．If they are （6）　　．Vessyl can tell them to drink water．

    "My partner and I want people to （7）　　 healthy．In modern society，people are usually （8）　　 busy to do exercise，or even drink enough water every day．They have much （9）　　．We produce this smart cup so that people can make a choice （10）　　．"the designer said．

（1）A．in	B．on	C．at	D．of
（2）A．and	B．though	C．nor	D．but
（3）A．pour	B．pull	C．lift	D．regard
（4）A．a few	B．a lot	C．lots of	D．many
（5）A．desks	B．hands	C．bags	D．mouths
（6）A．full	B．hungry	C．thirsty	D．awful
（7）A．carry	B．have	C．touch	D．keep
（8）A．too	B．to	C．so	D．very
（9）A．danger	B．pressure	C．power	D．laughter
（10）A．quietly	B．hardly	C．wisely	D．recently

    Everyone knows that second﹣hand smoke is as dangerous as first﹣hand

smoke． But have you （ 1）h　　 of "third﹣hand" smoke？Third﹣hand smoke means the pollution left on the surfaces （表面） of things around， （2）l　　 furniture or clothes． When someone smokes in a room， poisonous particles（粒子） in tobacco （烟草） smoke land on the surfaces of the furniture or his clothes， even after the cigarette （香烟） has been put out． This can cause a great danger to your family， （3）e　　younger children．

     Babies have only just learned to walk． They are more likely to be harmed by third﹣hand smoke． This is（4）b　　 they are often close to surfaces of things． such as floors， walls and furniture where tobacco particles remain． When they （5）t　　 these surfaces， they get their hands polluted．

     So， it is necessary and important to say （6）n　　 to third﹣hand smoke． To achieve this， strict （ 7 ） r　　 for forbidding （禁止） smoking inside homes should be carried out． If one of your family members smokes， please make sure he smokes （8）o　　 the house． Get him a special jacket and hat， so once he （9）f　　 smoking， he will take them off before getting inside the house． Moreover， make sure that a smoker washes his hands and face， and changes his clothes before picking up the baby．

     Many times， you cannot see the smoke doing harm to your child， but it doesn't mean he or she is （10）s　　"． Give up smoking， or if that is not possible， make sure that your loved ones， far away from third﹣hand smoke．

The Great Wall of China is one of the greatest wonders of the world．With a （1） 　 　of more than 2，000 years， some parts of the Great Wall have disappeared．（2） 　 　， it is still a very popular place of interest．

It is the （3） 　 　wall ever built． It is about 8 meters high． The top is 8 meters wide and it （4） 　 　even wider at the bottom． It is made （5） 　 　stone and brick． People built it by （6） 　 　and it took a long time to finish．

No one knows（7） 　 　when the building of the Great Wall was started． It is believed that the wall was built to （8） 　 　parts of the country in the old days． It also made people live a（n） （9） 　 　life．

Today， many of the visitors go to see the Great Wall．（10） 　 　they stand on top of a tower and look down on this wall， they can't help saying，"Wow， that's fantastic!"

（1）A． number	B． purpose	C． history	D． choice
（2）A． But	B． So	C． And	D． However
（3）A． longest	B． shortest	C． farthest	D． biggest
（4）A． needs	B． gets	C． spends	D． sounds
（5）A． from	B． into	C． by	D． of
（6）A． hand	B． accident	C． machine	D． mistake
（7）A．usually	B．normally	C．exactly	D．luckily
（8）A．provide	B．protect	C．search	D．produce
（9）A．smart	B．awful	C．terrible	D．peaceful
（10）A．Before	B．Unless	C．When	D．Though

A habit is any action that we have performed so often that it becomes something that we do almost without thinking. Some of them are thought to be bad habits. People spend countless hours and dollars each year trying to get rid of these bad habits but often fail. Why? Change is hard work and there is no shortcut to achieve it. However, there is still some advice for you to follow.
First, look at why you do it. In other words, what’s the result of doing this thing? If your bad habit is shouting at people when you are unhappy or under pressure, what do you get from it? It may make you feel a little better for the moment. Or maybe you have a bad habit of leaving your homework undone. The result could be that you get more time to spend on the Internet!
Next, take a look on the other hand. What are you losing because of your habit? Shouting at other people is a bad habit because it makes people around you feel bad and unhappy. Leaving your homework undone is a bad habit because you may be punished by your teacher. Having more Internet time means that you are losing the chance to learn the things that you need to learn. When you think that way, you’ll find that it’s not wise to keep your bad habit! Now it is time to make a decision. What will you choose? I’m sure you will choose to do what you think is more important.
From the first paragraph we know that __________.

A．a habit is a terrible thing that we can never change

B．people take countless hours and dollars to get rid of habits

C．none of the people who try to break bad habits are successful

D．though it is difficult, we can still do something about our bad habits

The underlined sentence “there is no shortcut to achieve it” means that ________.

A．it is not easy to get rid of bad habits

B．there is a long way and a short way

C．something dangerous may happen

D．we must cut it in a short time.

The main purpose of this passage is to __________.

A．introduce and describe	B．complain（埋怨）and disagree
C．explain(解释) and advise	D．discuss and argue（争论）

Without proper planning, tourism can cause problems. For example, too many tourists can crowd public places that are also enjoyed by the local people of a country. If tourists create too much traffic, the local people become unhappy. They begin to dislike tourists and to treat them impolitely. They forget how much tourism can help the country’s economy(经济). It is important to think about the people of a destination country and how tourism affects them. Tourism should help a country keep the customs and beauty that attract tourists. Tourism should also advance(推进) the well-being (health and happiness) of local people.
Too much tourism can be a problem. If tourism grows too quickly, people must leave other jobs to work in the tourism industry. This means that other parts of the country’s economy can suffer.
On the other hand, if there is not enough tourism, people can lose jobs. Businesses can also lose money. It costs a lot of money to build large hotels, airports, air terminals, first-class roads and other support facilities needed by tourist attractions. For example, a major international-class tourism hotel can cost as much as 50 thousand dollars per room to build. If this room is not used most of the time, the owners of the hotel will lose money.
Building a hotel is just a beginning. There must be many support facilities as well, including roads to get to the hotel, electricity, sewers to handle waste, and water. All of these support facilities cost money. If they are not used because there are not enough tourists, jobs and money are lost.
What is probably the reason if local people dislike tourists?

A．Tourists come to enjoy the customs and beauty.

B．Local people lose jobs.

C．A lot of hotels are built.

D．Too many tourists cause traffic problems.

What can we do to solve the problems caused by tourism?

A．Make plans properly.

B．Help the country’s economy.

C．Build fewer hotels.

D．Advance the well-being of local people.

If tourism grows too quickly, ___________.

A．businesses will lose money

B．other parts of the country’s economy will make more money

C．local people will be happier

D．more local people will work for tourists.

Support facilities needed by tourist attractions includes ___________.
①public places ②hotels ③airports ④roads ⑤electricity  ⑥sewers  

A．①②③④⑤

B．②③④⑤⑥

C．①②③⑤⑥

D．①③④⑤⑥

If the writer wants to add Paragraph 5 to the passage, he may tell us ________.

A．whether people need to build more hotels

B．whether people need to plan tourism properly

C．how to deal with the problems above

D．how to prevent tourism growing too quickly