高中英语试题

A new commodity brings about a highly profitable,fast-growing industry, urging antitrust（反垄断）regulators to step in to check those who control its flow. A century ago ,the resource in question was oil. Now similar concerns ares being raised by the giants（巨头）that deal in data, the oil of the digital age. The most valuable firms are Google, Amazon, Facebook and Microsoft. All look unstoppable.

Such situations have led to calls for the tech giants to be broken up. But size alone is not a crime. The giants' success has benefited consumers. Few want to live without search engines or a quick delivery, Far from charging consumers high prices, many of these services are free (users pay, in effect, by handing over yet more data). And the appearance of new-born giants suggests that newcomers can make waves, too.

But there is cause for concern. The internet has made data abundant, all-present and far more valuable, changing the nature of data and competition. Google initially used the data collected from users to target advertising better. But recently it has discovered that data can be turned into new services: translation and visual recognition, to be sold to other companies. Internet companies' control of data gives them enormous power. So they have a "God's eye view" of activities in their own markets and beyond.

This nature of data makes the antitrust measures of the past less useful. Breaking up firms like Google into five small ones would not stop remaking themselves: in time, one of them would become great again. A rethink is required-and as a new approach starts to become apparent, two ideas stand out.

The first is that antitrust authorities need to move form the industrial age into the 21st century. When considering a merger(兼并), for example, they have traditionally used size to determine when to step in. They now need to take into account the extent of firms' data assets(资产) when assessing the impact of deals. The purchase price could also be a signal that an established company is buying a new-born threat. When this takes place, especially when a new-born company has no revenue to speak of, the regulators should raise red flags.

The second principle is to loosen the control that providers of on-line services have over data and give more to those who supply them.Companies could be forced to consumers what information they hold and how much money they make from it. Governments could order the sharing of certain kinds of data, with users' consent.

Restarting antitrust for the information age will not be easy But if governments don't wants a data economy by a few giants, they must act soon.

61.Why is there a call to break up giants?

A．	They have controlled the data market
B．	They collect enormous private data
C．	They no longer provide free services
D．	They dismissed some new-born giants

62.What does the technological innovation in Paragraph 3 indicate?

A．	Data giants' technology is very expensive
B．	Google's idea is popular among data firms
C．	Data can strengthen giants' controlling position
D．	Data can be turned into new services or products

63.By paying attention to firms' data assets, antitrust regulators could .

A．	kill a new threat
B．	avoid the size trap
C．	favour bigger firms
D．	charge higher prices

64.What is the purpose of loosening the giants' control of data?

A．	Big companies could relieve data security pressure.
B．	Governments could relieve their financial pressure.
C．	Consumers could better protect their privacy.
D．	Small companies could get more opportunities.

Before birth, babies can tell the difference between loud sounds and voices. They can even distinguish their mother's voice from that of a female stranger. But when it comes to embryonic learning（胎教）, birds could rule the roost. As recently reported in The Auk: Ornithological Adrances, some mother birds may teach their young to sing even before they hatch(孵化). New-born chicks can then imitate their mom's call within a few days of entering the world.

This educational method was first z observed in 2012 by Sonia Kieindorfer,a biologist at Flinders University in South Australia,and her colleagues. Femake Australian superb fairy wrens were found to repeat one sound over and over again while hatching their errs, when the errs were hatched, the baby birds made the similar chirp to their mothers-around that served as their regular "feed me!" call.

To find out if the special quality was more widespread in birds, the researchers sought the red-backed fairy wren, another species of Australian songbird. First they collected sound data from 67 nests in four sites in Queensland before and after hatching. Then they identified begging calls by analyzing the order and number of notes. A computer analysis blindly compared calls produced by mothers and chicks, ranking them by similarity.

It turns out that baby red-backed fairy wrens also emerge chirping like their moms. And the more frequently mothers had called to their errs, the more similar were the babies' begging calls. In addition, the team set up a separate experiment that suggested that the baby birds that most closely imitated their mom's voice were rewarded with the most food.

This observation hints that effective embryonic learning could signal neurological(神经系统的) strengths of children to parents. An evolutionary inference can then be drawn." As a parent, do you invest in quality children, or do you invest in children that are in need?" Kleindorfer asks." Our results suggest that they might be going for quality."

58.The underlined phrase in Paragraph 1 means" ".

A．	be the worst	B．	be the best
C．	be the as bad	D．	be just as good

59.What are Kleindorfer's findings based on?

A．	Similarities between the calls moms and chicks.
B．	The observation of fairy wrens across Australia.
C．	The data collected from Queensland's locals.
D．	Controlled experiments on wrens and other birds.

60.Embryonic learning helps mother birds to identify the baby birds which .

A．	can receive quality signals	B．	are in need of training
C．	fit the environment better	D．	make the loudest call

CHRONOLOGICA

--The Unbelievable Years that Defined History

DID YOU KNOW…

• In 105AD paper was invented in China?

When Columbus discovered the New World?

The British Museum opened in 1759?

CHRONOLOGICA is a fascinating journey through time, from the foundation of Rome to the creation of the internet. Along the way are tales of kings and queens, hot air balloons…and monkeys in space.

Travel through 100 of the most unbelievable years in world history and learn why being a Roman Emperor wasn't always as good as it sounds, how the Hundred Years' War didn't actually last for 100 years and why Spencer Perceval holds a rather unfortunate record.

CHRONOLOGICA is an informative and entertaining tour into history, beautifully illustrated and full of unbelievable facts. While CHRONOLOGICA tells the stories of famous people in history such as Thomas Edison and Alexander the Great, this book also gives ab account of the lives of lesser-known individuals including the explorer Mungo Park and sculptor Gutzon Borglum.

This complete but brief historical collection is certain to entertain readers young and old,and guaranteed to present even the biggest history lover with something new!

56.What is CHRONOLOGICA according to the next?

A．	A biography.	B．	A travel guide.
C．	A history book.	D．	A science fiction.

57.How does the writer recommend CHRONOLOGICA to readers?

A．	By giving details of its collection.	B．	By introducing some of its contents.
C．	By telling stories at the beginning.	D．	By comparing it with other books.

For a long time Gabriel didn't want to be involved in music at all. In his first years of high school, Gabriel would look pityingly at music students, __36__across the campus with their heavy instrument cases, __37__at school for practice hours __38__ anyone else had to be there. He swore to himself to__39__music, as he hated getting to school extra early.

__40___, one day, in the music class that was __41__of his school's standard curriculurn, he was playing idly （随意地）on the piano and found it ____42___to pick out tunes.With a sinking feeling, he realized that he actually __43__doing it. He tried to hide his __44__pleasure from the music teacher, who had __45__over to listen. He might not have done this particularly well, __46__the teacher told Gabriel that he had a good___47__and suggested that Gabriel go into the music store-room to see if any of the instruments there __48__him. There he decided to give the cello(大提琴) a __49__. When he began practicing,he took it very __50__. But he quickly found that he loved playing this instrument, and was __51__to practicing it so that within a couple of months he was playing reasonably well.

This __52__, of course, that he arrived at school early in the morning, __53__his heavy instrument case across the campus to the __54__looks of the non-musicians he had left__55__.

36. A．travelling

    B．marching

    C．pacing

    D．struggling

37. A．rising up

    B．coming up

    C．driving up

    D．turning up

38. A．before

    B．after

    C．until

    D．since

39. A．betray

    B．accept

    C．avoid

    D．appreciate

40. A．Therefore

    B．However

    C．Thus

    D．Moreover

41. A．part

    B．nature

    C．basis

    D．spirit

42. A．complicate

    B．safe

    C．confusing

    D．easy

43. A．missed

    B．disliked

    C．enjoyed

    D．denied

44. A．transparent

    B．obvious

    C．false

    D．similar

45. A．run

    B．jogged

    C．jumped

    D．wandered

46. A．because

    B．but

    C．though

    D．so

47. A．ear

    B．taste

    C．heart

    D．voice

48. A．occurred to

    B．took to

    C．appealed to

    D．held to

49. A．change

    B．chance

    C．mission

    D．function

50. A．seriously

    B．proudly

    C．casually

    D．naturally

51. A．committed

    B．used

    C．limited

    D．admitted

52. A．proved

    B．showed

    C．stressed

    D．meant

53. A．pushing

    B．dragging

    C．lifting

    D．rushing

54. A．admiring

    B．pitying

    C．annoying

    D．teasing

55. A．over

    B．aside

    C．behind

    D．out

--Going to watch the Women's Volleyball Match on Wednesday?

--_________! Will you go with me?

A．

You there

B．

You bet

C．

You got me

D．

You know better

The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents. But _________explanations are hard to find.

A．

alternative

B．

aggressive

C．

ambiguous

D．

apparent

--What does the stuff on your T-shirt mean ?

--It's nothing. Just something _________.

A．	as clear as day	B．	off the top of my head
C．	under my nose	D．	beyond my wildest dreams

Determining where we are _________our surroundings remains an essential skill for our survival.

A．

in contrast to

B．

in defense of

C．

in face of

D．

in relation to

He's been informed that he _________for the scholarship because of his academic background.

A．

hasn't qualified

B．

hadn't qualified

C．

doesn't qualify

D．

wasn't qualifying

A quick review of successes and failures at the end of year will help _________your year ahead.

A．

shape

B．

switch

C．

stretch

D．

sharpen

Only five years after Steve Jobs' death, smart-phones defeated _________PCs in sales.

A．

controversial

B．

contradictory

C．

confidential

D．

conventional

In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of_____purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.

A．

which

B．

it's

C．

whose

D．

whom

He hurried home, never once looking back to see if he_________.

A．

was being followed

B．

was following

C．

had been followed

D．

followed

We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to ＄20, half of_________it used to charge.

A．

that

B．

which

C．

what

D．

how

Working with the medical team in Africa has_________the best in her as a doctor.

A．

held out

B．

brought out

C．

picked out

D．

given out