For millions of years, coral reefs（珊瑚礁）have provided homes and food for thousands of different living things. Fish and sea birds share the reef with other creatures. Now these beautiful places are in danger. Scientists have found that more than one-fourth of the earth’s coral reefs have been ruined so far. Another quarter will disappear in ten years’ time. Unless things change, all of the remaining reefs may die within your lifetime.
Some people think that coral is stone because of its rough（粗糙的）, hard surface. But coral is an animal. Tiny polyps（水螅体）form the coral reefs. These colors come from the algae（海藻）living inside the coral. Billions of coral polyps stick together. New ones grow on the dead ones. This happens year after year. Over time, the coral builds up a reef. The reef rises from the ocean floor until it almost reaches the sea’s surface. It takes coral 500,000 years to build a huge reef.
The coral reefs have been harmed mainly in three ways. The first factor is pollution on land. The pollutants run with rainwater into streams and rivers, which carry the poisons into the ocean. So they will be easily infected with diseases. Another cause is people. People have broken off pieces of coral, which they want to sell or keep as souvenirs. People have dropped sticks of dynamite（炸药）into the water to catch more fish. The worst problem is the heating up of the oceans. Higher ocean temperatures kill the important food source for the coral—the algae, the tiny greenish-gold water plants that live on coral.
The coral turns white and dies. Scientists call this coral bleaching（珊瑚白化）. The bleached part of the coral reef cannot recover.
| A．They come in many different colors. |
| B．However, humans have taken less than 100 years to destroy it. |
| C．This has blown up parts of the reefs. |
| D．When the algae die, the coral loses both its food and its color. |
E. So are all the sea plants and animals that depend on them.
F. Chemicals from the poisons kill reefs or make them weak.
G. Many of them might not even last that long!
From the beginning, people may send the wrong signal. Or they may pay no attention to signals from another person who is trying to develop a relationship.
Different cultures emphasize the importance of relationship building to a greater or lesser degree. For example, business in some countries is not possible until there is a relationship of trust. Even with people at work, it is necessary to spend a lot of time in "small talk", usually over a glass of tea, before they do any job.In many European countries — like the UK or France —
Talks and silence may also be different in some cultures. I once made a speech in Thailand.I had expected my speech to be a success and start a lively discussion; The people present just stared at me and smiled.After getting to know their ways better, I realized that they thought I was talking too much. In my own culture, we express meaning mainly through words, but people there sometimes feel too many words are unnecessary.
Even within Northern Europe, cultural differences can cause serious problems. Certainly, English and German cultures share similar values; We think that they are rude. In fact, this is just because one culture starts discussions and makes decisions more quickly.
People from different parts of the world have different values, However, if we can understand them better, a multicultural environment will offer a wonderful chance for us to learn from each other.
| A．and sometimes these values are quite against each other. |
| B．people from both nations keep the rule that work comes first. |
| C．Meeting people from another culture can be difficult. |
| D．however, Germans prefer to get down to business more quickly. |
E. instead there was an uncomfortable silence.
F. It is quite a common case to meet people from different cultures.
G. people find it easier to build up a lasting working relationship at restaurants or cafes rather than at the office.
Getting your children to study can be a little like getting them to eat their vegetables. Make a study time and have it at the same time every day. This will help your kids to learn to schedule their day and will give them a sense of control over how they spend their time.
Allow them to study in blocks of time, such as for half an hour with a five-minute break in the middle. Ideal (理想的)study times are after dinner or right after school before dinner.
Never allow your children to study in front of the television, as that will encourage passive activity. You’ll also need to help your kids find the right place to study. After you’ve set up a good study time for little learners, set up a good place where they can get those creative juices flowing.
Make sure there is a table or a desk and a comfortable chair.
This includes helping them out with their homework sometimes and being there for them with the answers to any questions. The input you give your children during study periods will help form a bond and help make studying enjoyable.
| A．Hold them to the schedule they create for themselves. |
| B．Pick a place where your children can study properly. |
| C．Keep the atmosphere light and offer lots of encouragement, too. |
| D．One of the best ways to form good study habits for your kids is to design a schedule that they keep to. |
E. Try to stop this bad habit by offering some sort of reward.
F. Instead, use TV as a treat or a reward when the homework is completed.
G. Finally, spend time with your kids when they’re studying.
Even if you think that your parents are mean-spirited at times, loving your parents is a normal and fulfilling part of life. You love them for the fact that they created you, raised you, and are in part a source of who you are. Here are some ways to love your parents.
_____ A gentle “good morning” and “I love you” will warm a coldest heart. Remember that they brought you into this world. Without your parents, we might still wander at an unknown corner in an unknown world. Respect them more and cherish these moments. You can use these moments to learn from them when you're off on your own. It's OK to get angry but angry actions don't help you or your parents. Act calmly, cool off, journal about your feelings, or talk to a friend. ___
___
Obey their requests. It will make your attitude better and earn you more respect from them. It may seem like you are going through hell when you don’t get what you want or you have to clean. However, you had better remember they keep a roof over your head when it’s cold, raining, snowing, or too hot. Understand that parents are human beings and make mistakes.___ ___ Since you can forgive your friends, why not forgive your parents?
Keep company with them. Do things with your parents like watching TV, or go somewhere with them. ______ Listen to their old stories and learn from them. You will find they are your teachers in this way or another.
Some people simply may not be able to love their parents. ____ Seek help if you are being abused in any way. Parents do not have a right to harm you.
| A．Forgiveness is the key. |
| B．Tell them you love them every morning. |
| C．Parents will in turn express their love to you. |
| D．After this, share your feelings with your parents. |
E. Anyway, spend as much time with them as you can.
F. Please remember parents are as important as friends.
G. There can be realistic reasons for this, family violence for example.
I teach economics at UNLV. Last Monday, at the beginning of class, I cheerfully asked my students how their weekend had been. ________He then asked me why I always seemed to be so cheerful.
His question reminded me of something I’d read somewhere before: “Every morning when you get up, you have a choice about how you want to approach life that day,” I said.“________”
“Let me give you an example,” I continued. This university is 17 miles down the freeway from where I live. One day I only had to drive another quarter mile down the road to the college. ________I tried to start it again, but the engine wouldn’t turn over. So I put my flashers on and marched down the road to the college.”
“As soon as I got there .I arranged for a tow truck to meet me at my car after class. A teacher asked me what had happened. ‘This is my lucky day,’ I replied, smiling at her. ‘________What do you mean?’ She continued to ask. ‘I live 17 miles from here. My car could have broken down anywhere along the freeway. It didn’t. Instead, it broke down off the freeway, within walking distance of here. I’m still able to teach my class and arrange for the tow truck to meet me after class. I explained to her. ”
“Her eyes opened wide, and then she smiled. ________” So ended my story.
I scanned the sixty faces. Despite the early hour, no one seemed to be asleep. Somehow, my story had touched them. In fact, it had all started with a student’s observation that I was cheerful.
| A．I choose to be cheerful. |
| B．You’re your own master. |
| C．But just then my car died. |
| D．I smiled back and headed for class. |
E. One’s life depends on one’s attitude.
F. Your car breaks down and today is your lucky day?
G. One young man said that his weekend had not been so good.
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项, 选项中有两项为多余选项。
Travel Manners
Every culture has its own unwritten list of behavior that is acceptable. Every society also has its taboos, or types of behavior that are considered a violation of good manners.
The word taboo comes from the Tongan language and is used in modern English to describe verbal and nonverbal behavior that is forbidden or to be avoided. They tend to be specific to a culture or country, and usually form around a group’s values and beliefs. What is considered acceptable behavior in one country may be a serious taboo in another.
Verbal taboos usually involve topics that people believe are too private to talk about publicly, or relate to one’s manner of speaking. In many cultures, for example, it is considered bad manners to discuss subjects such as sex or religion in public. In some countries, the volume of one’s voice may annoy people. For example, one of the biggest differences among many Western Asian, and African cultures is the use of eye contact. In the US, people make eye contact when they talk to others.
In many Asian and African cultures, however, children are taught to lower their eyes when talking to their elders, or those of higher rank, as a way to show respect.
Certain gestures made with the hands can have very different meanings depending on the country you are in. Crossing your middle finger over your forefinger is the sign for good luck in many western countries. Also, in some Asian countries, moving your hands a lot while talking, or ‘talking with your hands’, is considered unsuitable.
Behavior that is acceptable and non-offensive in one culture can be highly offensive in another. When visiting a foreign country, be aware of some of the basic differences, as this will help to ensure a more enjoyable trip.
| A．Nonverbal taboos usually relate to body language. |
| B．In Vietnam and Argentina, however, it is a rude gesture. |
| C．In spite of what some people may think, taboos are not universal. |
| D．Cancer is a taboo subject and people are frightened to talk openly about it. |
E．Learn a country’s customs so that you don’t hurt the local people unconsciously.
F．They might think that someone who is speaking or laughing loudly is rude or aggressive.
G．If a person avoids eye contact, others might think they are being dishonest or unconfident.
Every year, thousands of students choose to study in another country for a semester, the summer, or a year. Studying overseas can be an exciting experience for many people.
Living in another country can help you to learn a language, and about another culture. Overseas study may also look good on your future resume. Many companies today want employees who speak a second language, or have experienced living or working in another country.
Making the right choice
Once you decide to study overseas, you have to make some choices. To choose the right country or school. Ask yourself: Where do I want to go and why? How much do I want to pay? Do I want to live with a host family, with roommates, or alone?
Getting ready to go
Get your passport and visa early! Learn about the money. Bring some of it, and a credit card, with you.
Once you are there
After the first few weeks overseas, many students will feel a little homesick. They may miss their family, friends, and familiar ways of doing things. When you feel sad or homesick, try to talk to others, or write about your feelings in a notebook.
| A．You should improve your mother tongue before you go. |
| B．Why do it? |
| C．large number of students can’t afford to study overseas. |
| D．How long do I want to study overseas? |
E. Remember that it takes time to get used to a new place, school, and culture.
F. You will see the world in a new way, and learn more about yourself.
G. Before you go, learn some of the language, and read about some common customs in your host country.
As a child grows out of being an infant and begins to notice and react to the world around him, you may find yourself wondering how you possibly impart all of the things that he needs to become a responsible, respectful adult. ________ A child who learns to respect all he meets not only receives respect from others, but also learns to respect himself as well.
●Show your child respect. This is perhaps the best way to teach your child how to respect others. Listen to your child by giving him your full attention and he will learn to listen to you, understanding how important this is in communication.
●_______ The more you say “please” and “thank you” to your child, the more likely he will learn to use them with you and others. Politeness then becomes a normal part of any conversation.
●Agree to disagree. ________ Explain your decision so that he will understand your reasoning and expect respectful responses. Disagreeing with you doesn't equate to disobedience.
●Control your impulse to overact. When a situation arises between you and your child that requires calmness, keep in mind that you are supposed to be modelling correct behaviour. ________
●Praise, praise, praise! So much is focused on what a child does wrong and how to correct it that the accomplishments are not celebrated enough. _______
| A．Teach manners by using polite requests and responses. |
| B．Try to remember that a child won't always agree with you. |
| C．Respect is necessary for a meaningful and successful life. |
| D．If he sees you lose temper, he is more likely to respond that way in future. |
E．A child may act like he pleases, but will respect being given limits.
F．When you see your child exhibit respectful behaviour, make sure he knows just how proud you are of him.
G．Setting a good example is the best way to start a child on the path to respect.
Taking good notes is a time-saving skill that will help you to become a better student in several ways.___ __ Second, your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test. Third, note-taking offers variety to your study time and helps you to hold your interest.
You will want to take notes during classroom discussions and while reading a textbook or doing research for a report. ___ __ Whenever or however you take notes, keep in mind that note-taking is a selective process.
____ __
The following methods may work best for you.
●Read the text quickly to find the main facts and ideas in it.
●Read the text carefully and watch for words that can show main points and supporting facts.
●Write your notes in your own words.
●___ _
●Note any question or idea you may have about what was said or written.
As you take notes, you may want to use your own shorthand(速记). When you do, be sure that you understand your symbols and that you use them all the time. ___ _
| A．Use words, not complete sentences. |
| B．There are three practical note-taking methods. |
| C．You must write your notes on separate paper. |
| D．Otherwise, you may not be able to read your notes later. |
E. You will also want to develop your own method for taking notes.
F. That means you must first decide what is important enough to include in your notes.
G. First, the simple act of writing something down makes it easier for you to understand and remember it.
根据短文内容，从下边的A—F选项中选出能概括每一段主题的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。E涂AB, F 涂AC
| A. Wash yourself as often as possible B. Avoid being in hot sun C. Keep away from smoke and alcohol D. The importance of skin E. Have a balanced diet F. Be sure to have enough water |
__________
When it comes to your skin, there is an important fact that you must keep in mind: Your skin is the largest organ of your body. Therefore, skin health and protection is important. Your skin does everything for you. It can keep your body hydrated (含水的) and regulate your body’s temperature.
Now, here are some helpful tips for you to protect your skin:__________
Protection against harmful rays from the sun is one of the most important steps that you need to take. With this in mind it is necessary for you to avoid strong sunlight as often as possible. As for sunscreen you need to buy products that contain UVA-1, UVA-2 and UVB protection. _________
Your diet also has a direct impact on the health of your skin. The most important aspect of your diet in relation to the health of your skin is to make certain that you eat a proper amount of food items that contain the proteins and nutrients necessary for cellular maintenance, repair and regeneration.__________
Water is also important to the health of your skin. While you certainly have heard it before, it actually is true that you should drink at least eight 8-ounce glasses of fresh water every day. There are many health benefits to be derived from drinking water daily, including maintaining healthy skin._________
Finally, when it comes to the health of your skin today and into the future you should avoid smoking all together. In addition, you should drink alcohol only in moderation. Both smoking and excessive alcohol consumption can negatively impact the health of your skin in significant ways.
Maybe you are an average student. This is not necessarily so, however. Anyone can become a better student if he or she wants to. Here’s how.
Plan your time carefully. When planning your work, you should make a list of things that you have to do. After making this list, you should make a schedule of your time. First your time for eating, sleeping, dressing, etc. Then decide a good, regular time for studying. A weekly schedule may not solve all your problems, but it will force you to realize what is happening to your time.
Make good use of your time in class. Listening carefully in class means less work later. Taking notes will help you remember what the teacher says.
Study regularly. When you get home from school, go over your notes; look at the important points that your teacher is going to discuss the next day, read that material. If you do these things regularly, the material will become more meaningful, and you’ll remember it longer.
Develop a good attitude towards tests. The purpose of a test is to show what you have learned about a subject. They help you remember your new knowledge. The world won’t end if you don’t pass a test, so don’t be over worried. You will probably discover them after you have tried these.
| A．There are other methods that might help you with your studying. |
| B．Don’t forget to set aside enough time for relaxation. |
| C．Take advantage of class time to listen to everything the teacher says. |
| D．No one can become a top student unless he or she works hard. |
E. You probably think you will never be a top student.
F. Make full use of class time to take notes of what the teacher says in class.
G. This will help you understand the next class.
Our mood may change suddenly like a storm with lightning and thunderbolts that comes without notice. Also bad moods can leave as suddenly as they have come. Exceptions to this rule of course are cases where there are other problems such as depression or any other mental destruction.
How to improve your mood When you understand that you are not feeling happy but you are in depression or disappointment, then you can use these simple techniques that will be able to change the negative situation and improve your mood.
● . Exercise, gymnastics and sports help much to achieve a better emotional balance.
● If you feel that you are in a bad mood, take a hot bath or sauna. .
● Watch a movie, read a book or talk to a friend.
● When you leave work or home, go to places that make you happy and calm. This helps to improve your mood.
● Make relations with happy, optimistic and pleasant people. .
Positive and optimistic feelings that create positive thinking for the future will help you overcome your bad feelings and defeat your bad mood.
When the problem of bad moods, frustration and negative emotions beyond normal situations exists for a long time, it is important to turn to a specialist for help.
| A．There are ways to improve your mood. |
| B．Change your environment. |
| C．Use physical activity to fight against feelings of depression. |
| D．This can help you improve your mood significantly. |
E. Changes in feelings and mood can happen for various reasons.
F. The relaxation of the muscles will help.
G. First you have to learn to recognize when you are in a bad mood.
七选五(共5题，每题2分，满分10分）
If I ask you, “ How do you feel about success?” What will be your answer? Most people will say: _ I want more of it. I deserve it. I am working towards it. Why are those feelings so common?
When they think of succeeding they think of material comforts, they think of happiness, and they think of honor. Certainly, being successful can include all of these things and more.
Now here’s a personal question: What is success? You see, personal success comes in many different forms. If you want to be successful in your life, then the very first thing you should do is to take the time to decide exactly what that means to you. Never mind what it means to anyone else. What does it mean to you?
_ _Society seems to base the whole idea of being successful on how much money a person earns. But many so-called successful people are very unhappy in their personal life.
So you should have a personal idea of what being successful means to you. This is the only way to make your success truly meaningful.
| A．I feel great about it. |
| B．Then set right goals. |
| C．You will feel more successful immediately. |
| D．Your idea of being successful might not be the same as mine. |
E.Think about what being successful would feel like.
F.To some people, being successful means earning a lot of money.
G.Because most of the people feel that being successful is a good thing.
七选五（共5小题； 每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Many people’s English in reading or writing is good, but most of their spoken English is poor. How to improve your spoken English? Here are some tips.
Listen to a lot of high-quality spoken English. Listen to a higher level of language if you want good English. As a beginner, listen to instructional CDs or software. When you are ready, listen to quality news, documentaries and movies in English.
You will need a lot of listening to improve your English, so commit to listening for an hour or mare every day.
Read in English every day to increase your vocabulary. Read material you understand but gradually increase its challenge level. Try to read for 30 minutes to one hour every day.
Record your spoken English and listen to the playback. Try to hear your own strong and weak points. If you are taking an English class at a school with a language lab, ask for pronunciation software. Listen to the speakers, record your own speech and play it back to compare. __
Pay attention to grammar when you speak. If you don’t know the rules, take a grammar class and ask English-speaking friends to correct you. Language learning experts believe that we learn grammar better by hearing and reading the language.
Seek out opportunities to talk to English speakers. Join a club, talk to travelers and make new friends who speak English. Enjoy activities with English speakers so that you use English in real-life situations. Speaking our thoughts aloud will also help you improve your oral English.
| A．Read to challenge yourself. |
| B．This practice will help you improve your pronunciation. |
| C．Improve your fluency(熟练）by speaking English every day. |
| D．Your need to learn good English for business or academic purposes. |
E.If you don’t live in an English-speaking country, find those sources on the Internet.
F. When you are alone at home or in the car, you can also speak English out loud for practice.
G. However, don’t expect grammar exercises to take the place of listening and reading.
七选五 （共5小题，每题2分，满分10分）
Good morning everyone! Today I want to talk about how to deal with our children’s homework. As we know, homework is a great way for children to develop learning skill. So as parents, you should pay attention to it.
____________
Avoid having your child do homework with the television on or in places with different noises, such as people coming and going.
Make sure your child has all the materials he needs.
Ask your child if special materials will be needed for some subjects and get them in advance. _________.
Help your child use time properly.
Tell them not to watch TV unless they finish their homework in time. _________Don’t let your child leave homework until just before bedtime.
When your child asks for help, provide guidance（提供指导）, not answers.
Giving answers means your child will not learn the material. __________At the same time, you should keep in touch with teachers, which shows your child that the school and home are a team.
_____________
If your child has been successful in homework and is working hard, celebrate that success with a special event to make him happy.
I am sure your child will be interested in doing homework if you take my advice.
Thank you!
| A．Praise （表扬）progress in homework. |
| B．Tell your child how important homework is. |
| C．Make sure your child has a quiet place to do homework. |
| D．For example, you should buy some paper, pencils, dictionaries and so on when you do some shopping. |
E. Make a set time each day for doing homework
F. Be positive about homework.
G. Too much help is bad for your child’s study.
粤公网安备 44130202000953号