请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填人一个最恰当的单词。每空一词。
In the professional world, oral communication skills in the workplace, which are the art of using speech to convey information, thoughts and feelings to others, are important for the success of any organizations.
The 21st century has been considered to be an era of communication. The way we convey our thoughts is of great importance in building relationships. In the workplace, there are employees of diverse cultural and educational backgrounds. This makes team work on a difficult task, but with a clear understanding of the task to be achieved, all members work towards the same goal. Misunderstandings, conflicts and differences in opinions are easily managed when there is a clear flow of communication between team members.
With proper communication, a close relationship and trust build among the employees, therefore promoting excellent working conditions. An atmosphere of support and cooperation is promoted by properly conveying expectations of the management team to the employees and vice versa (相反的情况). Therefore, developing oral communication skills is important to success in life ahead.
How to improve oral communication? In the business world, individuals are expected to be confident about their beliefs and ideas. Therefore, they must include words like “in my opinion”, “as far as I know”. While improving skills on oral communication, people in the workplace must learn the art of listening. In addition, one must also have a positive body language during conversations. A person with a smiling face and positive attitude can raise the spirits of everyone around him. When we're talking to someone, we must give the other person an opportunity to talk as it improves our listening ability.
Communication is an art and it can be improved by working on it constantly. Since it is not an overnight work, one needs to learn it by observing people who are good at it.
Title |
Oral communication skills in the workplace |
________ |
The art of using speech to convey information, thoughts and feelings to others. |
Importance |
●The way we convey our thoughts plays a major ________ in building relationships. ●Understanding the task ________ makes employees work towards the same goal. ●A clear flow of communication can easily ________ the misunderstandings, conflicts and differences in opinions. ●Good relationships and trust among the employees built with proper communication can ________ excellent working conditions. ●Conveying expectations can promote support and cooperation. |
________to improving oral communication |
●Use words like “in my opinion” to show your ________ about your beliefs and ideas. ●Learn to be a good ________ in the workplace. ●Avoid using a ________ body language during conversations. ●Smile and be positive to delight the people around you. ●Give the other person a chance to talk in a conversation. |
Conclusion |
Communication can be improved with ________ effort and we should learn from those who are good at it. |
Communication Principles(2009.江苏)
How you see yourself can make a great difference in how you communicate.“Every individual exists in a continually changing world of experience of which he(or she)is the center”.Many communication scholars and social scientists believe that people are products of how others treat them and of the messages others send them.But every day we experience the centrality of our selves in communication.A student.for instance,may describe a conflict with a teacher as unfair treatment:“I know my teacher doesn’t like the fact that I don’t agree with his opinions.and that’s why he gave me such a poor grade in that class.”The teacher might say the opposite.Each person may believe that he is correct and that the other person’s view is wrong.
The concept of serf originates in communication.Through verbal and nonverbal symbols, a child learns to accept roles in response to the expectations of others.You establish self-image。The sort of person you believe you are,by how others think of you.Positive,negative,and neutral messages that you receive from others all play a role in determining who you are.Communication itself is probably best understood as a dialogue process.Our understanding of communication comes from our interactions with other people.In a more obvious way.communication involves others in the sense that a competent communicator considers what the other person needs and expects when selecting messages to share.So,the communication begins with the self,as defined largely by others,and involves others,as defined largely by the self.
Communication Occurs almost every minute of your life.If you are not communicating with yourself(thinking,planning,reacting to the world around you),you are observing others and drawing inferences from their behavior.Even if the other person did not intend a message for you.you gather observations and draw specific conclusions.A person yawns and you believe that person is bored with your message.A second person looks away from you and you conclude that person is not listening to you.A third person smiles(perhaps because of a memory of a joke he heard recently) and you believe that he is attracted to you.We are continually picking up meanings from others’ behaviors and we are constantly providing behaviors that have communicative value for them.
More often than not,you may have hurt someone accidentally and you may have tried to explain that you did not mean that. You may have told the other person that you were sorry for your statement.You may have made a joke out of your rude statement.Nonetheless,your comment remains both in the mind of the other person and in your own mind.You cannot go back in time and erase your messages to others.Communication cannot be reversed(倒退),nor can it be repeated.When you tried to re—create the atmosphere,the conversation,and the setting,nothing seemed right.Your second experience with a similar setting and person made far different results.
Paragraph outline |
Supporting Details |
Communication begins with the self |
●People are somewhat products of others’ treatment and messages. ●we are always in communication with others. |
Communication others |
●Experiences of others help children learn to accept roles. ●Messages from others help you who you are. ●Needs and of others should be considered. |
Communication everywhere |
●We are communicating with ourselves by thinking,planning and reacting to the outside world. ●We are always other people by observing even if they do not intend any message for you. ●We are constantly collecting meanings from others’ . ●We are constantly meanings by what we do. |
Communication cannot be reversed nor repeated |
●You may explain what you have done,but you cannot what remains in the other person’s mind. ●Yon may redo the conversation,but you achieve the same results. |
阅读下面短文,根据所读内容在表格中的空白处填入恰当的单词。
注意:每个空格只填一个单词。
When difficult people express themselves orally, they generally want at least two things: they’ve been heard and they’ve been understand. As a good communicator should be a good listener, five steps are advocated toward good listening.
The first step is cooperating(合作). How does a difficult person know that you’re listening and understanding? In fact, it’s through the way you look an d should while he is talking. You may help him to fully express his thoughts and feelings. You do this by nodding your head in agreement, making certain sounds of understanding.
When the person begins to repeat what’s been said, it’s signal of step two: turning back. It means that you repeat back some words he is using, sending a clear signal that you’re listening carefully and that you think what he is saying is important.
Having heard what he has to say, the next step is clarifying. At this point, you start to gather information about what is being communicated. Ask some open-ended questions, which will allow you to figure out what intention he is hoping to satisfy.
The fourth step is to summarize(概括)what you’ve heard. This allows you to make sure that both you and the difficult person are on the same page. When you do this, two things happen. First, if you’ve shown that you’re making an effort to understand completely. This increases the possibility of gaining cooperation from him.
Having listened carefully, you’ve now arrived at the point of confirming with the person that he feels that his thoughts have been fully voiced. Ask if he feels understood.
When enough sincere listening, questioning, and remembering are brought together, understanding is usually achieved and a difficult person becomes less difficult and more cooperative.
Topic |
to understand |
Reason |
Difficult people hope they have been heard and when they express themselves. |
on listening |
◆ in agreement and make some sounds of understanding while a difficult person is speaking. ◆Repeat some that you have heard. ◆Collect information about the person’s expressions and find his . ◆Give a of what the person has said. ◆Confirm that the person gains from speaking his thoughts. |
Result |
A difficult person will be to cooperate with if understanding is achieved. |
Comment |
You may unlock the doors to difficult people’s after you listen and understand |
When difficult people express themselves orally, they generally want at least two things: they’ve been heard and they’ve been understood. As a good communicator should be a good listener, five steps are advocated toward good listening.
The first step is cooperating( 合 作 ).How does a difficult person know that you’re listening and understanding? In fact, it’s through the way you look and sound while he is talking. You may help him to fully express his thoughts and feelings. You do this by nodding your head in agreement, making certain sounds of understanding.
When the person begins to repeat what’s been said, it’s a signal of step two: turning back. It means that you repeat some words he is using, sending a clear signal that you’re listening carefully and that you think what he is saying is important.
Having heard what he has to say, the next step is clarifying. At this point, you start to gather information about what is being communicated. Ask same open-ended questions, which will allow you to figure out what intention he is hoping to satisfy.
The fourth step is to summarize(概括)what you’ve heard. This allows you to make sure that both you and the difficult person the same page. When you do this, two things happen. First, if you’ve misses something, he can fill in the details(细 节).Second you’ ve shown that you’ re making an effort to understand completely. This increases possibility of gaining cooperation from him.
Having listened carefully, you’ve now arrived at the point of confirming with the person that he feels satisfied that this thoughts have been fully voiced. Ask if he feels understood.
Then enough sincere listening, questioning, and remembering are brought together, understanding is usually achieved and a difficult person becomes less difficult and more cooperative.
根据短文内容完成下列表格。
Topic |
to understand |
Reason |
Difficult people hope they have been heard and when they express themselves. |
on listening |
◆ in agreement and make some sounds of understanding while a difficult person is speaking. ◆Repeat some that you have heard. ◆Collect information about the person ’ s expressions and find his . ◆Give a of what the person has said. ◆Confirm that the person gains from speaking his thoughts. |
Result |
A difficult person will be to cooperate with if understanding is achieved. |
Comment |
You may unlock the doors to difficult people’ s after you listen and understand. |
Teamwork is just as important in science as it is on the playing field or in the gym. Scientific investigations(调查) are almost always carried out by teams of people working together. Ideas are shared, experiments are designed, data are analyzed, and results are evaluated and shared with other investigators. Group work is necessary, and is usually more productive than working alone.
Several times throughout the year you may be asked to work with one or more of your classmates. Whatever the task your group is assigned, a few rules need to be followed to ensure a productive and successful experience.
What comes first is to keep an open mind, because everyone’s ideas deserve consideration and each group member can make his or her own contribution. Secondly, it makes a job easier to divide the group task among all group members. Choose a role on the team that is best suited to your particular strengths. Thirdly, always work together, take turns, and encourage each other by listening, clarifying, and trusting one another. Mutual support and trust often make a great difference.
Activities like investigations are most effective when done by small groups. Here are some more suggestions for effective team performance during these activities: Make sure each group member understands and agrees to the task given to him or her, and everyone knows exactly when, why and what to do take turns doing various tasks during similar and repeated activities; be aware of where other group members are and what they are doing so as to ensure safety; be responsible for your own learning, though it is by no means unwise to compare your observations with those of other group members.
When there is research to be done, divide the topic into several areas, and this can explore the issue in a very detailed way. You are encouraged to keep records of the sources used by each person, which helps you trace back to the origin of the problems that may happen unexpectedly. A format for exchanging information (e.g., photocopies of notes, oral discussion, etc.) is also important, for a well-chosen method not only strengthens what you present but also makes yourself easily understood. When the time comes to make a decision and take a position on an issue, allow for the contributions of each member of the group. Most important of all, it is always wise to make decisions by compromise and agreement.
After you’ve completed a task with your team, make an evaluation of the team’s effectiveness---the strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and challenges.
根据短文内容完成下列表格,一空一词。
Title |
Working Together |
Theme |
Effective performance needs highly cooperated . |
General rules |
·Keep an open mind to everyone’s . ·Divide the group task among group members. · and trust each other. |
|
·Understand and agree to the task of one’s own. ·Take turns doing various tasks. ·Show concern for others to ensure safety. ·Take for one’s own learning. ·Compare your own observations with those of others. |
Explore an issue |
·Break the into several areas. ·Keep records of the sources just in . · your information with others via proper format. ·Make all decisions by compromise and agreement. |
effectiveness |
·Analyze the strengths and weaknesses. ·Find out the opportunities and challenges. |
More and more scientific experiments prove that physical exercise can reduce the dangers of some illnesses in middle-aged persons.Exercise strengthens the heart muscle,reduces blood pressure and help to prevent muscles from changing into fat.Physical exercise is just as important for children.
Exercise and food affect growing speed in young lab animals.Baby mice start running as soon as they are big enough to use an exercise wheel in their cage.If they get extra food and run a lot,they will grow as much as 1.5 times bigger than normal.
The same differences in growing speed might be found between active and inactive children.Physical exercise helps active children grow faster than inactive children.One experiment shows that the brains of the mice that had enough exercise weighed about 3%more than those of the mice that did not exercise The mice that exercised are much quicker to learn doing new exercise than the mice that did not exercise.
The results of the experiments suppose the theory that exercise can help babies learn to talk and walk sooner than expected.
The good effects of physical exercise are not limited to children and middle-aged people.Exercise continues to be an important part of our lives after we grow old.For example,people over 50 years old begin to lose calcium(钙) from their bones,which get weaker and can break easily.Physical exercise,however,helps to strengthen the bones and to prevent them from losing calcium.Of course,old people can take medicines to prevent themselves from suffering from losing calcium.But the medicines they take increase the chance of developing some kind of cancer(癌).So physical exercise is a much safer treatment(治疗).
根据短文内容完成下列表格,一空一词。
Title |
Physical exercise |
|
Theme |
Physical exercise does to people’s health ,both young and old. |
|
of experiments |
·Baby mice will be as much as 1.5 times bigger than normal on that they eat extra food and run a lot. ·The brains of the mice that had enough exercise were than those of the mice that didn’t exercise. |
|
|
Children |
·Helping active children grow faster than inactive children. ·Being For babies to learn to talk and walk sooner. |
The middle-aged |
· the heart muscle. ·Reducing blood pressure . ·Preventing muscles from changing into fat. |
|
Old people |
·Helping the old people’s bones get by preventing them from losing calcium. · the chance of developing some kind of cancer by medicine. |
Dear Liz,
My stay in Thailand has certainly been the experience of my life.
Life is busy and exciting. Bangkok is just like any other big city with a population of 10 million and heavy traffic. I’m very lucky because my host family is in a nice quiet area outside the city. There are Mr. and Mrs. Phairat, their son Sanan, who is 18, the daughter Chinda, who is 16, and Grandpa and Grandma.
I go to an international school with Sanan and Chinda. The school teaches about 70 percent in English, and 30 percent in Thai. I've learned some spoken language, but Thai writing is very difficult, The cooking lesson is my favourite. I'm learning all about Thai food and culture People don’t use chopsticks here, but spoons and forks. When I come back, I'm going to cook you a real Thai meal.
Last weekend we visited some temples. We also drove to Pattaya beach near Bangkok. I thought it was great, but Sanan and Chinda say that next month they’re taking me to Phuket Island, where the beaches are even more beautiful. The month after next, we’re going to travel to Mr. Phairat’s hometown in the north of Thailand. The Phairat’s own land there, and they have two elephants. I’m going to ride those elephants — and even wash them. Sanan and Chinda say it’s really fun.
I'm amazed by everything in this country, especially by the elephants. Elephants are an important part of Thai culture and way of life. They have been a traditional symbol of Thailand for many years in times of war and peace. In the seventh century, a Thai king trained 20, 000 elephants for battle.
I’ll tell you all about my Thai boxing lessons next time I write.
Love,
Mandy
How many family members are there in Mandy’s host family?
A.4 |
B.5 |
C.6 |
D.7 |
Next month, Mandy is going to visit__________.
A.Pattaya beach |
B.Phuket Island |
C.Phairat’s hometown |
D.Bangkok |
From the letter we know that Mandy is__________ when she stays in Thailand.
A.bored |
B.quiet |
C.excited |
D.proud |
What is the letter mainly about?
A.Study trip in Thailand |
B.Food culture in Thailand |
C.Elephant riding in Thailand |
D.International schools in Thailand |
请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。
Culture shock isn’t a clinical term or medical condition.It’s simply a common way to describe the confusing and nervous feelings a person have after leaving a familiar culture to live in a new and different culture.
It’s natural to have difficulty adjusting to a new culture.People from other cultures may have grown up with values and beliefs that differ from yours.Because of these differences,the things they talk about,the ways they express themselves and the importance of various ideas may be very different from what you are used to.But the good news is that culture shock is temporary.
What causes culture shock?
To understand culture shock,it helps to understand what culture is.You may know that genes determine a big part of how you look and act.What you might not know is that your environment has a big effect on your appearance and behavior as well.
Your environment isn’t just the air you breathe and the food you eat,though;a big part of your environment is culture.Culture is made up of the common things that members of a community learn from family,friends,media,literature,and even strangers.These are the things that influence how you look,act,and communicate.Often,you don’t even know you are learning these things because they become second-nature to you-for instance,the way you shake hands with someone,the kind of things you find funny,or how you view religions.
The differences between cultures can make it very difficult to adjust to the new surroundings.When you go to a new place,such as a new country or even a new city,you often enter a culture that is different from the one you left.Sometimes your culture and the new culture are similar.Sometimes,they can be very different.What might be perfectly normal in one culture-for example,spending hours eating a meal with your family-might be unusual in a culture that values a more fast-paced lifestyle.
根据短文完成下列表格,一空一词。
Culture ____________ |
|
Definition |
·Culture shock is a kind of ______ people have when living in a new and different culture. ·Culture shock results from the difficulty people have in __________themselves to new surroundings. ·Culture shock is ____________. |
__________ |
·____________largely determine your appearance and behavior. ·Culture,an important part of __________,has an influence on the __________people look,act and communicate. ·The between cultures contribute to the difficulty in getting used to new surroundings, as something in one culture seems unusual in another. |
People often don’ t do what they really want to for fear
of failure. You don't apply for a job case you don't _____
get it. You don't perform at the school concert b others _____
might laugh at you. A lack of confidence can lto a lot _____
of suffering. The key to o this problem is to believe in _____
yourself. This might be (容易)said than done, but there _____
are many w___ to help you do this. Talk about your problem ____
with a friend or look advice on the Internet. Imagine _____
yourself being (成功)and practice breathing techniques _____
to keep you calm when you get nervous. And the important _____
thing is:believe you can do it. When you’ve____ (学会)to do_____
that, you are well on your way.
请认真阅读下面短文,在表格中的空格里填上最恰当的单词(每空1个单词)
Since the beginning of human evolution, men have migrated(迁移)across continents in search of food, shelter, safety, and comfortable weather. People still move for these reasons, but new reasons for human migration are arising, such as job relocation(重新安置) and overpopulation.
Three million migrants are moving from poor countries to wealthier ones each year, and increasingly, their destination is a neighboring country in developing parts of the world. People are moving within the developing world for the same reasons as they migrate to wealthier nations. People from poor countries are going to less poor countries, fleeing wars and conflicts. They are also responding to population pressures because some countries are densely populated, and they often have high population growth. Those people need to go somewhere else.
There are three main reasons why people move. The basic categories and percentages are as follows, according to the Current Population Surveys (CPS):
Family-related reasons account for 26.3%, including changes in marital(婚姻的) status, establishing a household and other family reasons; work-related reasons 16.2%, including job transfer, retirement, and other job-related reasons; housing-related reasons 51.6%, including new and better houses, better neighborhood, cheaper housing and other housing reasons; the remaining 5.9% of other reasons are attending college, the change of climate and health reasons.
Americans have been migrating south and west for decades in search of better job opportunities and warmer climates. They have also been moving to places a little far from cities, in search of bigger yards and houses, lower crime rates and better schools. In 1950, nearly a fifth of the population lived in the nation's 20 largest cities. In 2006, it was about one in ten. That's why many American people say, “Big Cities Shrink as People Move South, West.”
Between March 2005 and March 2007, 73.4 million Americans moved. Fifty-six percent of these moves were within the same country. Twenty percent were between counties but in the same state. Nineteen percent were moves to a different state. Some families even went abroad.
Title: People on the
Lead-in |
Throughout human, people have migrated across continents. |
An number of people from poor countries are moving to countries, especially neighboring ones. |
|
for people's migration |
According to the CPS, the of people move to other places for reasons to housing. |
To for a better job chance, a warmer and a bigger yard,Americans have long been moving south and west. |
|
Conclusion |
Now every year more and more people move to other places, which seems to have become a global. |
用适当的介词或副词填空
If you follow the suggestions above, you will look and feel much better _____no time at all.
These good sports will surely help you u build _____your body.
Your hat is a perfect match _____ your brown dress.
The pretty young teacher is popular_____the students.
I'm so ashamed _____myself that I seldom talk to others.
Our school library is equipped _____ some new computers.
I bought the house _____ his advice.
To tell the truth,l don't think the plan works_____the long term.
A healthy diet along _____ regular exercise is the only way to become fit.
He went to the bookstore to buy some reference books from time _____time.
We cannot waste anything. Of course, we cannot waste our v_______ time.
He hates being told what to do and what not to do. F_______ means more important to him than anything else.
Though I am confident about our r _______ , but don't you think it better to be a bit more considerate to each other?
His mother gave him a phone call, f_______ him from meeting his netfriend at the Internet cafe.
A Koala Isn’t a Bear
Koalas remind people of teddy bears. They have thick fur and large ears. Their broad, flat nose makes them look cute, similar to teddy bears. In fact koalas aren’t cute. They have sharp teeth and very sharp claws! Koalas are marsupials. This means the mother carries her baby in a pocket while it develops, similar to a kangaroo. The baby koala lives in its mother’s pocket for the first six months of its life.
The name “koala” comes from a native Australian word that means “no drink.” The koalas get almost all their water from the eucalyptus(桉树) leaves they eat. That’s where they get their food too. Koalas eat only eucalyptus leaves, and only the leaves of certain eucalyptus trees. The eucalyptus trees are where the koalas live. It’s also where they sleep. Koalas sleep about nineteen hours a day!
Why do they sleep so much? Some people think it’s because they’re lazy. But koalas aren’t lazy. They sleep so much because there isn’t much nutrition in eucalyptus leaves. Koalas store hardly any fat, so they must save their energy. One way to do this is to move slowly and sleep a lot.
After a day of sleeping they like to move around and eat just after sunset. They live alone most of the time. Koalas are very protective of their trees. If a koala sees another koala eating in its favorite tree, it might tell the other koala to leave by “barking” at it. Koalas do “talk” to each other. Besides barks, the males make a deep grunting sound. The mothers and babies talk in soft clicking sounds. If they get scared they may scream like a baby.
According to the article, how are koalas and kangaroos alike?
A.They both have thick fur. |
B.They both have sharp teeth. |
C.They both eat eucalyptus leaves. |
D.They both carry their young in a pocket. |
The word “koala” comes from a word that means _______.
A.no drink |
B.moving slowly |
C.large ears |
D.barking loudly |
Why do koalas sleep a lot?
A.Their babies need to get much rest. |
B.They get tired from playing so much. |
C.Their food does not give them much energy. |
D.They do not like to be awake when it is warm. |
If an adult koala screams like a baby, he may get ________.
A.worried |
B.scared |
C.hungry |
D.sleepy |
These days everyone wants to "get rich" fast. We all marrying someone from a wealthy family, making a big or winning the lottery (彩票). But do these things really make us happy? Many of the richest celebrities (名人)happen to be some of the most people. They buy expensive houses and clothes that they use. They may become and even become addicted to . They have become so money and material things that they forget about the people and activities they love.
Now, more young people have the opportunity for a better education, and better chances of making a high . These are great achievements, but will they make you happy? In the US many young people believe that being rich and being happy are two things. When university, they often choose to study subjects that they are interested in subjects that will get them high-paying jobs. Instead of in "business" or "management", many American students today have majors like "theater", or "modem dance". The is that making a lot of money doesn't mean that you will be with your life. Nowadays, young people are careers that they love doing instead of careers that pay well.
I think that as being becomes more possible, we need to what the term "fortune" really means. Do we need to have money or material things to be ?Or does fortune just mean having what we need to be happy? , what things make you happy? Be honest with yourself. It may take a rich spouse (配偶) or much money to make you happy!
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The leaves fluttered (飘动)over Josh's head. The park near his home had always been one of Josh's 1 places. ①He liked to watch the colors of the trees glow (闪耀)in the sunlight, 2 the golden trees. It was the same color as his trumpet (小号).He smiled when he 3 the music the leaves made. Josh sat down and looked at his watch. His father would meet him in a few 4 for their first practice in the park.
Josh and his family lived in an apartment building. When Josh first began playing the trumpet, he 5 in his own living room. Then the family next door had a new baby. To avoid 6 the baby, Josh would 7 his practice time in the park. His father told him it would be good to practice in a wide,open 8 like the park. The baby next door would be able to sleep 9 , but Josh was not very happy with the 10 . He enjoyed visiting the park,but he didn't want to practice there. He was 11 that he would embarrass (使……难堪)himself in a pubic place if he played the wrong notes (音符).He didn't want people to 12 him as he played in the middle of the park.
Josh's father was a great trumpet player, who once played in a jazz band. He couldn't possibly understand how 13 it would be to practice in the park!
His father came over and 14 Josh's daydream. "Josh, are you ready to practice?" He sat down and 15 his own trumpet from its case. He held the trumpet to his 16 and began to play. The beautiful music floated into the blue afternoon sky.
Josh looked up at the golden trees. The leaves 17 to be dancing to the tune his father was playing. Josh felt 18 as he watched the people walking by and smiling at his father.
He 19 to play like that. Josh put his trumpet to his mouth and blew. He had such a great time that he didn't 20 if he played a few bad notes. Now he and his neighbors could all be happy.
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