Celebrating sleep
World Sleep Day, observed on 21 March, was created to bring attention to the growing number of sleep problems worldwide. Sleep is a natural part of human life, but many people in the modern world ignore its importance. As a result, sleep problems are increasingly common.
In 2002, scientists at the University of Athens in Greece conducted a survey of over 35,000 people in 10 countries around the world, including China, Belgium and South Africa. Of the people that responded to the survey, 24 percent said that they did not sleep well, and based on their responses, 31.6 percent were diagnosed (诊断)with insomnia（失眠）and another 17.5 percent were diagnosed with borderline insomnia. In addition, 30.7 percent of survey respondents reported visiting a doctor for help with sleep problems and 11.6 percent said that they felt very sleepy during the day.
Overall, the survey found that ninny people suffer the effects of poor quality sleep, some examples of which are being unable to fall asleep and waking up in the middle of the night. The main factors causing these problems are pressure from school or work and a fast pace of life, but noise pollution and light pollution also interfere with sleep and contribute to poor quality sleep. The survey’s findings are particularly troubling because large numbers of people were found to have difficulty sleeping at night. The short-term effects of this are tiredness and trouble concentrating. If this happens for a long time, the risk of putting on weight and having a heart attack may increase.
There are many things you can do to improve the quality of your sleep. First, you should have regular sleep habits. Try to go to bed and wake up around the same time each day. You also need to make your bedroom a cool, dark, quiet place to sleep so that heat, light and noise do not disturb you. At night, you should also avoid things that contain caffeine, such as chocolate, coffee, tea and many soft drinks, as caffeine may keep you from sleeping.
Getting a good night’s sleep is important for everyone. By following the advice above, you can rest better at night and work better during the day.
Title: Celebrating Sleep
| Topic |
Context |
| World Sleep Day |
Due to ignorance of the importance of sleep problems, people observe Mar. 21, World Sleep Day to bring (78) ▲ to the problem. |
| Responses of the survey |
1). Of 3, 5000 people in 10 countries in the world, there were 24 percent of the people saying they didn’t sleep well. 2). 31.6 percent were diagnosed with insomnia and another 17.5 percent were on the borderline of sleeplessness. 3). The (79) ▲ of the people feeling sleepy during the day is 11.6. 4) 30.7 percent reported (80) ▲ to a doctor for sleep problems. |
| (76) ▲ causing sleep problems & their consequences |
1).Under (81) ▲ from school or work, people may have sleep problems. 2). Noise or light pollution（82) ▲ to poor quality sleeps. 3).Sleepless people may easily (83) ▲ weight and have a heart attack. 4). Feeling fired and sleepy, people find it (84) ▲ to concentrate. |
| (77) ▲ to take to improve sleep quality |
1). Have regular sleep habits. 2). Make your bedroom cool, dark and quiet. 3). Avoid things (85) ▲ caffeine. |
阅读下面的短文，并根据短文后的要求答题(请注意问题
后的词数要求，并将答案写在二卷答题纸上)。
［1］ What does a successful language learner do? Language learning research shows that successful language learners are similar in many ways.
［2］ First of all, successful language learners are independent learners. They do not depend on the book or the teacher. Instead of waiting for teachers to explain, they try to find the patterns and the rules for themselves. They are good guessers who look for clues and form their own conclusions.
［3］ Secondly, successful language learning is active learning. Therefore, successful learners do not wait for a chance to use the language but . They find people who speak the language and they ask these people to correct them when they make a mistake. They will try anything to communicate. They are not afraid to repeat what they hear or to say strange things. They are willing to make mistakes and try again. When communication is difficult, they can accept information that is inexact or incomplete. It is more important for them to learn to think in the language than to know the meaning of every word.
［4］ Finally, successful language learners are learners with a purpose. They want to learn the language because they are interested in the language.
［5］ What kind of language learners are you? If you are a successful language learner, you have probably been learning independently, actively and purposefully. On the other hand, if your language learning has been less than successful, you might do well to try some of the techniques above. What is the main idea of the text？ (Please answer within 10 words.)
________________________________________________________________________ Which sentence in the text can be replaced by the following one?
They make efforts to seek their own ways of learning rather than wait for explanations from
their teachers.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________ Please fill in the blank in Paragraph 3 with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence. (Please answer within 8 words)
_________________________________________________________________________ If you want to be a successful language learner, what should you do? (Please answer within 20 words)
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________ Translate the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 into Chinese.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
Read the following passage. Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage and the required words limit. Write your answers on your answer sheet.
Almost everybody in America will spend a part of his or her life behind a shopping cart(购物手推车). They will, in a lifetime, push the chrome-plated contraptions many miles. But few will know—or even think to ask—who it was that invented them.
Sylvan N. Goldman invented the shopping cart in 1937. At that time he was in the supermarket business. Every day he would see shoppers lugging(吃力地携带) groceries around in baskets they had to carry.
One day Goldman suddenly had the idea of putting baskets on wheels. The wheeled baskets would make shopping much easier for his customers, and would help to attract more business.
On June 4, 1937, Goldman’s first carts were ready for use in his market. He was terribly excited on the morning of that day as customers began arriving. He couldn’t wait to see them using his invention.
But Goldman was disappointed. Most shoppers gave the carts a long look, but hardly anybody would give them a try.
After a while, Goldman decided to ask customers why they weren’t using his carts. “Don’t you think this arm is strong enough to carry a shopping basket?” one shopper replied.
But Goldman wasn’t beaten yet. He knew his carts would be a great success if only he could persuade people to give them a try. To end this, Goldman hired a group of people to push carts around his market and pretend they were shopping! Seeing this, the real customers gradually began copying the phony(假冒的)customers.
As Goldman had hoped, the carts were soon attracting larger and larger numbers of customers to his market. But not only did more people come—those who came bought more. With larger, easier-to-handle baskets, customers unconsciously bought a greater number of items than before.
Today’s shopping carts are five times larger than Goldman’s original model. Perhaps that’s one reason Americans today spend more than five times as much money on food each year as they did before 1937—before the coming of the shopping cart.What do the underlined words “chrome-plate contraptions” in Paragraph 1 refer to ? ( no more than 3 words)
What was the purpose of Goldman’s invention? (no more than 8 words)
Why was Goldman disappointed at first? (no more than 6 words)
Why did Goldman hire people to push carts around his market? (no more than 10 words)
Walking in any high school during the first class in the morning, you will find many students are struggling to stay awake.
“They’re sitting in the classroom, but their heads are at home on the pillows,” said a teacher from a high school.
Don’t blame them; blame the clocks in their brains. A research suggests that biological clocks make teens stay up at night and sleep in the morning.
During the first several weeks of school, students are more likely to lack sleep. In the holidays, students can sleep eight hours a night, but during the school days, they sleep only about six hours on average. Students lose 10 hours’ sleep a week. This may affect their school performances and leads to poor health.
Scientists in the US did research to reset teenagers’ biological clock to help them fall asleep earlier. They found the brain can produce a chemical that helps sleep. But it comes out only in the dark. So they use a special light in the classroom to try to force a reset of the students’ biological clock.
The research failed in the end. So some schools in the US tried to reset their school time from 7:25 a.m. to 8:30 a.m. The results seemed to be good. What can you see while walking in high schools in the early morning ? (no more than 7 words 2 分)
Why are students so sleepy in the first class ? ( no more than 6 words 3分)
During the school days, how many hours of sleep do the students lose every month?
( no more than 2 words 2分)What suggestion will the scientists give to high schools? ( no more than 4 words 3分)
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容用完整的句子回答问题。（答案写在答题卷相应番号后的横线上）
Walking is a popular form of exercise. It is an easy activity and offers a good way to improve physical fitness.
Regular, brisk walks help a person’s body work better. Walking builds a stronger heart and lungs. Walking also seems to help protect the heart from heart disease. The lungs work better because they take in and use oxygen more effectively. Walking can help in weight control, too. A quick fifteen- minute walk burns as many calories as jogging the same distance in half the time. Walking causes very few injuries. So there is also a lower “dropout” rate among walkers than among runners. People are more likely to continue a walking program.
Walking offers some mental benefits, too. It seems to make people feel better. Many walkers say they sleep better at night when they take regular walks. Others say they have a better attitude about life.
Walking offers many of the same physical and mental benefits as other forms of exercise, but walking offers some special advantages, too.
Almost everyone can walk. There are no special lessons or coaching. To become a serious walker, a person only needs to walk faster, farther, and more often.
People can walk almost anywhere. There are no special playing fields or courts for walking. Sidewalks, streets, parks, fields, and malls are excellent places for walking.
People can walk almost anytime. A person doesn’t need a team or a partner for walking. There is no “season” for walking. Most walkers walk in all kinds of weather.
Walking doesn’t cost anything. There are no special fees for walking. Good walking shoes and comfortable clothes are the only equipment that a walker needs.
Walking offers a form of exercise within the reach of nearly everyone. With a little time and effort, people can rediscover a valuable form of exercise and improve their fitness.What may be the best tile of the passage? Please think of one within 10 words.
____________________________________________________________________________Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by this one: “Compared to running, more people can continue walking as a form of exercise.”?
____________________________________________________________________________ Which word in the passage means the same as the underlined word “benefits”? (Please answer in a complete sentence.)
____________________________________________________________________________ Among the special advantages of walking, which one do you think is the most important? (Please answer in a complete sentence.)
____________________________________________________________________________Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese.
____________________________________________________________________________
阅读理解(共5小题；每小题2分．满分10分)
根据短文内容，在相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息(不多于七个单词)，完成对该问题的回答。答语要求结构正确，书写工整，字迹清楚。
The Fun They Had in School
On the page headed May l7，2517，Margie wrote in her diary，“Today Tommy found a real book!”
It was a very old book covered with dust．Margie’s grandfather once said that long ago all stories were printed on paper
“What is it about?” asked Margie
“School”
“School? What’s there to write about school? I hate school．”
Margie hated school now more than ever．The electric teacher had bee giving her drill after drill in geography and she had been doing worse and worse until her mother had finally sent for someone to fix the teacher
The man came with a whole box of tools．He turned off the elecuicity，and started to repair the teacher．There was a momtor that showed questions，and a hole where Margie had to put compositions and test papers．The electric teacher marked the paper quickly．
Margie asked Tommy，“Why would anyone write about school?”
“Because it’s the school they bad hundreds of years ago”
Margie read the book for a while，then said，“Anyway，they had a teacher？”
“Yes，but it was a man”
“A man? How could a man be a teacher?”
“Well，he just told the kids things and gave them homework”
“A man isn’t smart enough．”
“Sure he is．My father knows as much as my teacher’’
“But I wouldn’t want a strange in my house to teach me．”Margie argued
Tommy laughed．“The teacher didn’t live in the house．They had a special building and all the kids went there”
“And all the kids learnt the same thing?”
“Sure，if they were the same age”
They weren’t even half-finished when Margle’s mother called．“Margfa! School!”
Margie went into the school next to her bedroom，and the electric teacher was waiting far her them．It was the same way every day except Saturday and Sunday
The monitor lit up，and it said，“Please put yesterday’s homework in the proper hole”
Margie sighed and threw a dirty sock at the machine．She was thinking about the old days．All the kids from the whole neighborhood came to the school，Iaughing and shouting in the yard．They could even help one another with the homework
And the teachers were people!
How happy they were in the old days，Margie thought．
1．When did the story in the passage take place?
2．Wny did Margie hate school?
3．How did Margie feel when she heard that teachers of hundreds of years ago were people instead
of machines?
4．How did kids in Margie’s time receive education?
5．What does the underlined word“They”refer to in the title?
阅读下面短文，并根据要求完成文章后的题目。
Working means money, of course teens want jobs
Out of all the teens I interviewed all either wanted a job or already had one. Nowadays, jobs are needed more than ever. Everything costs money, and we are starting to understand that. Most of us get jobs just for "pocket change", so that we can just go out and get that outfit that we've always wanted, for a burger at McDonald's, for our hair, CDs, tapes, shoes, jewelry, and tons more material items. But some of us get jobs because we need to pay for our books or transportation. Many teens have to pay for their phone bills and lunches.
Choosy describes a lot of teenagers' attitudes towards the kind of job they would and wouldn't get. "Something in an attractive place with nice facilities, well paying, work that's not stressful, and a place where there are people that I know that work there," Mark, 16, said about the kind of job ___________. His personal requirements may seem as if they should be mandatory, but if you really want a job your own requirements should be limited. If you are looking for a job it's important that it fits you in a decent manner.
Teens normally don't take jobs that require a lot of thinking, skill, or physical requirements. Most teens see jobs as something on the side. We don't go around constantly talking about our jobs. We are there simply for that paycheck. Some of us do look at it as a learning experience. Tennille, 16-years-old and who works at a cleaning store, said, "Yes, it's helping me with my customer service skills." Can you give a title for this passage?
____________________________________________________________________________ Which sentence in this passage can be replaced by the following one?
Many young people look on their jobs as secret things.
____________________________________________________________________________ Please fill the blank in the second paragraph.
Mark, 16, said about the kind of job________________.
____________________________________________________________________________What’re your attitudes towards the teens to do jobs outside? Why?
____________________________________________________________________________ Please translate the underlined sentence in the passage.
____________________________________________________________________________
阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
Many students want to find friends on the Internet as a way of practising their language skills and learning more about new cultures. Traditional pen pals were the primary source for such contacts, and students could write each other letters. With the Internet, fingding friends has become much easier, and such relationships are called key pals.
However, care and consideration should be given when finding friends on the Internet:
◎Search the Internet for reputable(有信誉的) services. Look for reviews of such sites to learn more about other students’ experiences. Don’t join a service until you have done your research.
◎Check to see if you can use a nickname, instead of __________, to protect your identity.
◎Never give personal information to anyone, including your home address, phone number, and birthday.
◎Stop contact with others if you feel uncomfortable with the topics of conversation. Again, if you protect your identity, this will be easier to do. Tell your teachers, parents, or even local law enforement if problem arise.
◎Try to use the language you are studying in the classroom in your communication with others.
◎Ask appropriate questions that will also help you learn about other cultures. Remember that someone’s personal experience might help you to understand a whole culture. You have to talk to many different people, and this will get you started.Please give this passage a proper title. (Please answer with 10 words.)
___________________________________________________________________________Please fill in the blank with proper words. (Please answer within 5 words.)
___________________________________________________________________________ Which sentence in the passage is the closest in meaning to the following one?
Pen friends used to write letters to keep in touch with each other.
___________________________________________________________________________Why do many students want to find friends on the Internet?
(Please answer within 30 words.)
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________Please translate the underlined sentence.
___________________________________________________________________________
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