初中英语阅读理解

There is a traditional toy called taiping nijiaojiao. It is a clay toy and also a whistle (哨子) in Zhenjiang, Jiangsu. It has a history of over 1,000 years.

Taiping nijiaojiao is made of the mud from the local mountain. It takes more than ten steps to make the clay toy, and the key step is to knead (捏) it with your hands. You can knead the clay toy into anything, like animals and plants. The blowhole is the most difficult part to make, for the size of the blowhole makes a difference to the sound. While coloring, you can use traditional cultural elements (元素) that carry good meanings. It’s hard to make taiping nijiaojiao. But when you finally make it, you will feel proud of yourself.

Zhou Baokang, a lover of folk art, learned how to make the clay toy from local artists about 20 years ago. He wants more people to know about it, so he has opened a museum to introduce the clay toy. He teaches kids how to make the clay toy, too.

There are many traditional art forms in China, but some of them have been lost. Luckily, the traditional clay toy taiping nijiaojiao is kept to this day.

根据短文内容，选择正确答案。

（1）What is taiping nijiaojiao?

A．

A toy.

B．

An animal.

C．

A plant.

D．

A museum.

（2）What does the underlined word “mud” mean in Paragraph 2?

A．

Soft silk.

B．

Clean water.

C．

Wet earth.

D．

Dead wood.

（3）What is the key step when you make taiping nijiaojiao?

A．	Choosing the elements.	B．	Kneading the clay toy.
C．	Making the blowhole.	D．	Coloring the clay toy.

（4）Who does Zhou Baokang teach to make taiping nijiaojiao?

A．

Artists.

B．

Kids.

C．

Masters.

D．

Teachers.

（5）What’s the best title for the passage?

A．	Shapes of the Clay Toy	B．	A Lover of Folk Art
C．	Ways of Making a Clay Toy	D．	A Traditional Clay Toy

Jilin Province lies in the northeast of China. It’s a good place to visit. Come and have fun!

	“Red Trip” in Tonghua Tonghua is a good choice to have a “red trip”. It is a place full of “red stories”. The well-known national hero Yang Jingyu once fought here. Experience the “red spirit”!
	Mount Changbai Mount Changbai is a famous mountain at home and abroad. There is a mysterious (神秘的) lake—Tianchi, a national park and some beautiful waterfalls. Enjoy the beauty of nature!
	Jilin Rime (雾松) The rime dresses up the winter of Jilin City. Tourists walk along the Songhua River to enjoy the fantastic rime. Leave your footmarks on the wonderland!
	Yanbian Food Yanbian is famous for the local food. Tourists can find the special food like cold noodles and rice cake here. For foodies (美食家), Yanbian is the best place to visit. Just have a taste!

根据表格内容，选择正确答案。

（1）We will learn about the ________ in Tonghua.

A．

special food

B．

“red spirit”

C．

fantastic rime

D．

beautiful waterfalls

（2）There is a mysterious ________ in Mount Changbai.

A．

lake

B．

river

C．

park

D．

waterfall

（3）If tourists want to enjoy the rime, they can go to Jilin City in ________.

A．

spring

B．

summer

C．

autumn

D．

winter

（4）For foodies, ________ is possibly the best place to taste the local food.

A．

Mount Changbai

B．

Jilin City

C．

Yanbian

D．

Tonghua

（5）The passage above probably comes from a ________.

A．

medical report

B．

thank-you note

C．

travel magazine

D．

science fiction

请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

When I was little, I was really little. But my dream was big. I dreamed of being a basketball player. I tried out for the teams at school, but I was never given a chance.

As I got older, I did grow a little bigger, but not a lot bigger. On my 12th birthday, I decided to try a new sport: running. I told Grandpa. “I’m going to be an athlete.”

“Dave.” Grandpa began gently, “if you can’t be big, you can do something big.”

I ran 12 miles on my 12th birthday. On my 13th birthday, I did it again, but I added an extra mile. On my 14th birthday, I ran 14 miles. 15 on my 15th, 16 on my 16th, and you guessed it—17 miles on my 17th birthday.

All this running inspired（激发）another big dream. Someday, I’d run the Boston Marathon（波士顿马拉松赛）. I told Grandpa about my decision.

“But, Dave, you haven’t trained for the marathon. Are you sure you’re ready?” Grandpa asked. But he still promised to walk over and cheer me on.

I ran fast that day, But I fell at Mile 18 and was driven to the hospital. Later that night, I called Grandpa and told him I failed.

“No,” he said calmly, “you didn’t fail. You discovered something.”

“I did?” I asked.

“Yes, you discovered that big dreams don’t just come true. They take work. If you train and work hard, I promise to wait for you next year and cheer you on.”

I trained every day, running miles and miles. Sadly, just two months into my training, Grandpa died. He wouldn’t be waiting for my second Boston Marathon. I decided I’d run for him.

That day, I ran fast. “Keep going! You can do it!” His words filled my head as I forced my legs to make each painful step. As I crossed the finish line, I threw my arms in the air and cried, “Grandpa, we did it!”

（1）Why did Dave fail to join the school basketball team?

A．	He couldn’t run fast.	B．	He didn’t work hard.
C．	He was not tall enough.	D．	He wasn’t a quick learner.

（2）What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph A refer to?

A．	Adding an extra mile.	B．	Running on his birthday.
C．	Training for the marathon.	D．	Trying out for the basketball team.

（3）Which of the following words best describes Grandpa?

A．

Creative.

B．

Modest.

C．

Generous.

D．

Encouraging.

（4）What is the best title for the text?

A．	Dream Big	B．	The Boston Marathon
C．	Think Twice	D．	The Story of Grandpa

请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

All aboard! Let’s take a ride on the world’s highest railway—the Qinghai-Tibet Railway（青藏铁路）. Sit back and enjoy the journey. Get ready for the trip of a lifetime.

We’re leaving Qinghai Station. The scenery along the way is some of the wildest in all of China. Keep your eyes open as we race through this beautiful land. You might see a rare Tibetan antelope（藏羚羊）from your window.

Before we begin our journey, let’s learn about this amazing railway. It’s truly one of the great engineering wonders of the 21st century. When it was completed on July 1, 2006, the Tibet Railway set nine world records, including the world’s highest railway at 5,072 metres above sea level, the world’s highest tunnel（隧道）at 4,905 metres, and the longest tunnel ever built on permafrost（冻土）.

As we travel higher, the air gets thinner and thinner. Soon there will only be 50 to 60 percent of the oxygen which we are used to breathing. But don’t be afraid. Each rail car has two separate oxygen systems. One system spreads oxygen throughout the train at all times. And each passenger can also get a personal oxygen mask just like those used in planes.

Here are a few more things to think about as our train leaves the station. The designers solved three main challenges when building this great railway. First, the high altitude（海拔）made the task difficult because there was no enough oxygen. Second, much of the railway runs across permafrost, a type of ground that keeps changing as the weather warms and cools. Finally, the railway goes through some of the most sensitive ecology（敏感的生态环境）in China. Great care was necessary to make sure of the smallest possible influence on nature.

All three challenges were met, making our trip possible. All aboard! The train to Tibet is leaving in fifteen minutes.

（1）Where are the passengers?

A．

On a bus.

B．

On a train.

C．

On a ship.

D．

On a plane.

（2）How does the text show the railway is amazing in paragraph 3?

A．	By telling a story.	B．	By using a designer’s words.
C．	By introducing its world records.	D．	By comparing the present with the past.

（3）How many oxygen systems are there in each rail car?

A．

One.

B．

Two.

C．

Three.

D．

Four.

（4） Which of the following increased the difficulty of building the railway?

A．

The changing ground.

B．

The polluted air.

C．

The dangerous animals.

D．

The hot weather.

请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

On warm winter days, Yang Liheng, 89, enjoys sitting by the window and looking through old photos. These photos bring him joy and happiness once more.

For Yang, one of the long-expected activities during the Spring Festival is to take photos with family members. On the early morning of the second day of the Chinese New Year when the whole family reunite, he would dress up and wait for the photo to be taken.

Yang became a photographer in the late 1950s. With his camera, Yang recorded the great changes of his hometown over time. “I had a painful childhood, but I got a chance to be a photographer after the founding（成立）of the People’s Republic of China.” Yang told Beijing Review. “I want to record, in the form of photographs, the local customs, the scenes and people’s brave spirit of fighting against the hard conditions here in my hometown.”

“I used to take pictures for everyone else, but seldom turned my camera at my family members,” Yang said. “My grandson gave me the idea to record the growth and development of my own family.” Taking family photos then became a tradition for Yang’s family. Though now some of his grandchildren are working and living in other cities, they try their best to return home during the Spring Festival and prepare for the special moment.

Last year was an important year for Yang Liheng. Most of his photos were displayed in Yinchuan to show the development of the area over the past sixty years.

（1）What does Yang expect most during the Spring Festival?

A．	Wearing new clothes.	B．	Having a big dinner.
C．	Taking a family photo.	D．	Visiting his relatives.

（2）What does the underlined word “reunite” in paragraph 2 mean?

A．

Get separated.

B．

Get much wealthier.

C．

Get improved.

D．

Get together again.

（3）What is the main idea of paragraph 3?

A．	When Yang was interviewed.	B．	Where Yang learnt to take photos.
C．	Why Yang had a painful childhood.	D．	What Yang recorded with his camera.

（4）What do we know about Yang’s family?

A．	It is full of love.	B．	It is full of mysteries.
C．	It is a rich family.	D．	It is having a hard time.

请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

（1）If you are free on Sunday night, which concert can you attend?

A．

Country music.

B．

Folk.

C．

Jazz.

D．

Rock.

（2）How much will Mr. Green pay if he goes to the country music concert with his two kids?

A．

£10.

B．

£20.

C．

£30.

D．

£40.

（3）Which date is suitable for modern jazz lovers?

A．

June 23.

B．

June 24.

C．

June 25.

D．

June 26.

请阅读下面的非连续性文本，根据语篇内容，回答问题。

Footprint means the influence that a person’s or organization’s activities have on the environment. Simply understanding it is very useful to us. (Let’s take the example of Mr. Brown’s footprints.)

Water footprint

Water is the source of life. We use water directly for drinking, cooking and washing, but we also use water indirectly for producing things such as food, paper and cloth. A water footprint tells us how much water is being used. It can help us come up with ways to save water. You can learn about how your daily habits influence your water use through the food you eat, the things you buy and even the energy you use.

Food	Water Footprint		Mr. Brown’s Water Footprint
an apple	70 litres(升)		breakfast: a hamburger, a cup of coffee lunch: a cup of coffee, a sandwich, an apple dinner: vegetable salad, 0.2 kilo of beef
a cup of coffee	140 litres
a kilo of beef	15, 500 litres
one hamburger	2, 400 litres

(Chart I) (Chart Ⅱ)

Carbon(碳) footprint

A carbon footprint is the total amount of CO₂ a person or organization produces. We can use it to understand the influence of personal behavior on global warming (全球变暖). Most people are surprised when they see how much CO₂ their activities create. Then they begin to think about changing their daily habits to reduce(减少) their carbon footprints. For example, they can walk instead of using a car.

Carbon Footprint (Each of the following activities adds 1 kilo of CO₂)		Mr. Brown’s Carbon Footprint
travel 10 to 12 km by train or bus drive 6 km by car produce 5 plastic hags use your computer for 32 hours		drive to work 24 km drive to the supermarket 5 km use 5 plastic bags for shopping use his computer for about 8 hours

(Chart III) (Chart IV)

How to reduce your water footprint and carbon footprint to be greener

Tip 1: Save water and electricity

When you are at home, don’t leave the water or lights on when you don’t need it.

Tip2: __▲__

Meatless Monday is popular with people who want to eat less meat. The production of meat uses lots of energy and produces lots of CO₂.

Tip 3: Buy less

The more we buy, the more we throw away later. Before you buy something, think about whether you really need it.

Everyone plays a role in making a greener Earth. If you know about your footprints well, you can think up more ways to protect the environment.

（1）What do we use water indirectly for?

_____________________________________________________________

（2）How many litres of water are used for Mr. Brown’s breakfast?

_____________________________________________________________

（3）Why do we use carbon footprint?

_____________________________________________________________

（4）What can Mr. Brown do to reduce his carbon footprint? Why do you think so?

_____________________________________________________________

（5）What is the best subtitle(小标题) of Tip 2?

_____________________________________________________________

（6）What’s your understanding of footprint? How can you become “greener”?

_____________________________________________________________

请阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，从所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺，选项中有一项为多余项。

Courage is often thought to be one of the important spirits everyone needs. Then what is courage? ___（1）___ One isn’t necessarily born with courage, but one is born with potential(潜力). Kids build courage as they are growing up.

Many people talk about connections between courage and fear. ___（2）___ If there is no fear, there is no need for courage. That is to say, courage is the ability to do what makes you feel afraid. Courage doesn’t only mean great actions such as saving one’s life or taking a big risk. ___（3）___ For example, we show courage when we raise our hand to answer a hard question during class or try a new sport.

Courage is in everyday choices we make. Can you be kind to the new kid in class? ___（4）___ Or can you stand up for someone in need? Often, these things don’t come with praise, but they need courage.

___（5）___ When we become brave enough to face failure, we’ll be more willing to try new things and try again after we fail. Courage doesn’t always shout. Sometimes courage is the little voice at the end of the day that says, “I’ll try again tomorrow.”

A．	You should learn to speak in public.
B．	It is the ability to do something difficult.
C．	Courage always stands side by side with fear.
D．	Can you listen to the new person in your group?
E．	Learning to fail is another important part of courage.
F．	Courage also means the smaller actions of our everyday lives.

请阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出一个最佳选项。

Since tea spread from China worldwide, it has become one of the most popular drinks in the world. Different countries have their own tea cultures, like afternoon tea in England.

The tradition of afternoon tea is a very special part of English culture. The custom of drinking tea became popular in England during the 1660s. It was not until the mid-19th century that the idea of “afternoon tea” first appeared.

Afternoon tea is served in the mid-afternoon, between lunch and a late dinner. The idea came from Anna, the seventh Duchess(公爵夫人) of Bedford, in 1840. At the time, many families would eat a late dinner at about 8 p. m., which was one of only two main meals each day, and the other was a mid-morning meal.

With a long time between breakfast and dinner, Anna would become hungry around 4 o’clock in the afternoon. So she asked some tea, bread, butter and cakes to be brought to her room during the late afternoon. This became a habit of hers and she began inviting friends to join her.

Later, Anna continued it, sending cards to her friends asking them to join her for “tea and a walking in the fields”.

Others soon picked up on the idea. By the 1880s, afternoon tea became an event for many ladies. They would be dressed beautifully to be served in the sitting room between four and five o'clock, talking about the latest news, their daily life and fashion.

Today’s afternoon tea is simpler than traditional afternoon tea. It is just a biscuit or small cake and a cup of tea. However, there is one thing that has never changed—the meaning of afternoon tea.

（1）When did the idea of “afternoon tea” first appear in England?

A．

In the 1660s.

B．

In the 1880s.

C．

In the mid-19th century.

（2）In the third paragraph, what does the “two main meals” probably refer to(指)?

A．	A lunch and a late dinner.
B．	A breakfast and a mid-afternoon meal.
C．	A mid-morning meal and a late dinner.

（3）Why did Anna ask for tea and cakes in the afternoon at first?

A．	Because she felt hungry.
B．	Because she loved drinking tea.
C．	Because she needed to treat friends.

（4）What can we infer(推断) from the passage?

A．	Afternoon tea has spread all over the world.
B．	People used to drink tea more often than now.
C．	Afternoon tea gives people a chance to communicate.

（5）What is the best title of the passage?

A．	Advantages of Drinking Tea
B．	Development of Afternoon Tea
C．	Different Tea Cultures in the World

请阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出一个最佳选项。

Come and join us!!! What are you doing this summer? Summer holidays are the time when you can discover new interests and hobbies. Look at these summer camps. Here are two exciting things you could do instead of spending time in front of your computer screen! Photography (摄影) course at the art center Come to our summer course! You’ll learn all the ways that top photographers take wonderful photos. During this three-week course, you’ll be taught by the skillful teachers from the art school. At the end of the course, all the photos will be shown in a special show at the museum. The first course starts on July 12th, so call or email us now! The action sport your parents might not want you to try Be brave! Try BMX biking in a training course. It will teach you how to ride this kind of bike safely. Tell your parents they can relax! You’ll always be with a skillful teacher. As you become more confident, you’ll learn to do jumps and other moves. You will really surprise your friends! If you like speed, this is a course you can’t afford to miss!

（1）You can take the summer photography course ________.

A．

at the art school

B．

at the art center

C．

at the art museum

（2）During the photography course, you will be able to ________.

A．

get a surprising gift

B．

try different cameras

C．

learn to take great photos

（3）The bike training course gives you a chance to ________.

A．

enjoy speed

B．

meet sports stars

C．

relax with parents

（4）Both of the summer camps ________.

A．

last for three weeks

B．

hold special shows

C．

have skillful teachers

（5）The writer thinks students should ________ on summer holiday.

A．

make more friends

B．

use the Internet properly

C．

find new interests and hobbies

阅读下面的材料，从每题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项回答问题或完成句子。

Recently, a study (研究), published in BMC Medicine, found that sitting in front of the TV for a long time was a risk for people’s health.

After scientists used data (数据) on 370, 000 people, covering 12 years, they found about 9, 000 developed heart disease. They found people with genes (基因) of heart problems were more likely to develop heart disease. However, they found that people without such genes watching more than four hours of TV every day were also at the greatest risk of heart disease. People spending 2 to 3 hours a day watching TV had a 6% lower risk. And those who watched less than an hour had a 16% lower risk. The scientists of the research team finally found cutting TV watching time to less than an hour a day could prevent 10% of heart disease.

In life, people who want “one more episode (剧集)” might be the group at a higher risk, for they are easy to spend more time watching TV. If they have more snacks while watching TV, it might add the risk of putting their hearts in danger. So, if people want to watch TV longer, standing up and moving the body, or hanging out will work. But limiting their time on TV could be a more useful way to help them avoid possible heart problems in the future.

（1）According to the text, how long did the research cover?

A．

10 years.

B．

12 years.

C．

14 years.

（2）From paragraph 2, which of the following is right?

A．	People watching one hour of TV are at the greatest risk.
B．	The less time people spend on TV, the lower the risk is.
C．	Watching TV is the only reason to develop heart disease.

（3）Which best explains “limiting” underlined in paragraph 3?

A．

限制

B．

记录

C．

花费

（4）Where is this text probably from?

A．

A tour guide.

B．

A story book.

C．

A newspaper.

（5）What is the main idea of the text?

A．	We’d better not watch TV more than one hour a day.
B．	Hanging out after dinner is good for our heart health.
C．	Having snacks while watching TV adds risks for heart.

阅读下面的材料，从每题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项回答问题或完成句子。

Liu Min is an English teacher. These days, her family are experiencing a different life of working and studying. They get up and do morning exercises at 6:30 in the living room. After breakfast, they start their work and study. Her husband turns on his computer in the study (书房), reading his e-mails and making a list of today’s work. Before Liu Min begins to give lessons online, she makes sure her students, including her daughter, are all there.

Because of COVID-19, many people are now working and studying at home like them, and they are called telecommuters (居家办公者). When they are working at home, they can follow their own plans and get connected with the workplaces through the Internet.

Working at home brings them something good. There is more time than before to communicate with their family members. While working at home, they can look after their children, too. On the other hand, they save more time and money without traveling to work. It also helps produce less pollution and fewer traffic problems. However, the family still hope they can come back to their normal life.

Thanks to the Chinese government, things are getting better now. As a manager, the husband can talk with his workers face to face. Liu Min and her daughter can return to school.

（1）Liu Min’s husband does these things in the study except ________.

A．

reading his e-mails

B．

making a list of today’s work

C．

doing morning exercises

（2）From the text, which of the following is one of the advantages of working at home?

A．	They can have big meals with family.
B．	They can save more time and money.
C．	They can look after their old parents.

（3）In paragraph (段落) 2, what does the underlined word “them” refer to (指代)?

A．

Liu Min’s family.

B．

Liu Min’s children.

C．

Liu Min’s students.

（4）According to the text, we can know that________.

A．	Liu Min is a Chinese teacher
B．	Liu Min is her daughter’s teacher
C．	Liu Min’s family don’t need to work

（5）What can be the best title (标题) of the text?

A．

Different Workplaces

B．

Liu Min’s Teaching Online

C．

Working and Studying at Home

阅读下面的材料，从每题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项回答问题或完成句子。

Five years ago, Jennifer, a girl from Australia, came to Xiangtan University to study Chinese. There she fell in love with Chinese culture and met her husband, who is a local (当地的) young man. They got married after she finished her study. Since then, she has started her new life in Xiangtan City.

As Jennifer learned that tigers have important and special meaning in China, she decided to prepare some interesting gifts for her baby on the way. Like some Chinese people, she’d like to call it “Tiger Baby”, because 2022 is the Year of Tiger. She has already learned to make tiger hats and shoes in the shape of a tiger’s head for her baby, hoping her baby will grow to be as strong as a little tiger.

Father has decided that his baby grows up, he will teach the baby to draw pictures of tigers. Grandma has helped make some cloth tiger to “eat up” illnesses. Grandpa’s stories are ready, like those about Tiger General (虎威将军) and Hufu (虎符).

Next week, Jennifer’s parents will fly from Australia to take good care of her. And in 3 months, the family will welcome a big day. Jennifer believes she will be the happiest mom in the world. What a warm family!

（1）According to the text, Jennifer came to Xiangtan University _________.

A．

to see her friends

B．

to study Chinese

C．

to leach English

（2）Why has Jennifer made tiger hats and shoes?

A．	To hope the baby will be as strong as a tiger.
B．	To show her perfect skills of making things.
C．	To send them to her Chinese friends as gifts.

（3）Who will teach the baby to draw pictures of ligers?

A．

Grandma.

B．

Grandpa.

C．

Father.

（4）What will probably happen in 3 months?

A．	The baby will only get a cloth tiger as a gift.
B．	Jennifer’s mom will send wishes from Australia.
C．	Jennifer will give birth to a baby at that time.

（5）What can we know from the text?

A．	Jennifer lives a very happy life in China.
B．	The baby will be a general in the future.
C．	Jennifer’s parents like the story of Hufu.

阅读下面的材料，从每题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项回答问题或完成句子。

Here are some fun activities after school! Come and join us!

Days	Places	Teachers	Activities
Monday	Meeting room	Miss Li	Paper cutting
Tuesday	School Hall	Miss White	AI robots
Wednesday	Lab	Mr. Yang	Biology experiments
Thursday	Medical office	Doctor Brown	First aid
Friday	Playground	Mr. Smith	Soccer

（1）Who is the teacher of AI robots?

A．

Miss Li.

B．

Miss White.

C．

Mr. Yang.

（2）What can we learn from Doctor Brown?

A．

Paper cutting.

B．

First aid.

C．

Soccer.

（3）Where do we have biology experiments?

A．

In the lab.

B．

In the medical office.

C．

On the playground.

阅读下面的材料，从每题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项回答问题或完成句子。

Notice Our headmaster will give us a speech on Safety in the school hall at 8 a. m. on June 21st. All the students should be present. It’s mainly about: 1. possible accidents around teenagers; 2. proper ways to protect ourselves. You’re supposed to: 1. arrive on time; 2. listen carefully; 3. take notes. Students’ Union

（1）The speech is about ______.

A．

sports

B．

science

C．

safety

（2）What can we do during the speech?

A．

Taking notes.

B．

Having a discussion.

C．

Arriving late.