阅读理解
You may know that more people drink coffee than tea around the world. And that, after oil, it is the second biggest traded commodity（商品）. You may also know that the drink comes from beans which are first roasted and then ground. But what else do you know about this popular drink?
It is said that the story of coffee started with an Ethiopian goatherd named Kaldi. One day Kaldi was surprised to see that his goats were behaving very strangely. Instead of grazing（吃草） quietly, they were jumping around, almost dancing. He also noticed some red “cherries” from a plant that the goats were eating. He tried some himself and was surprised by the feeling of extreme happiness and excitement. He felt like dancing too!
But it wasn’t used as a drink at first - it was used as food. The coffee berries, mixed with animal fat, were used by monks to stay awake during long hours of prayer. From Ethiopia, coffee was later cultivated in Yemen and the first hot drink was developed there around AD 1000. Three centuries later Muslims were keen coffee drinkers and as Islam spread, so did coffee. Coffee houses appeared in Cairo and Mecca.
For hundreds of years the plants were protected safely. But some beans were smuggled（偷运）out of Arabia and taken to India. In the 17th century, coffee was soon grown in a new continent. From India to Indonesia, a century later the beans were once again smuggled to Brazil. Brazil is now the largest coffee producer in the world.
It was the caffeine（咖啡因）that made the goats dance and kept the monks awake. Although it is found in other soft drinks and tea, coffee has the most caffeine. In the short term, a couple of cups of coffee can prevent fatigue and delay sleep. But several cups a day, every day, can cause anxiety and restlessness.What is the world’s biggest traded commodity?
A. Oil B. Coffee C. TeaWhy did the goatherd want to dance?
A. Because he liked to dance with his goats.
B. Because he found his goats behaving strangely.
C. Because he ate some red “cherries” from a plant. Which of the following events came first?
A. Coffee houses appeared in Mecca.
B. Coffee became a drink.
C. Coffee spread as Islam spread. Which sentence is true?
A. Monks were the first to drink coffee.
B. Too much coffee can make people anxious.
C. Brazilians liked drinking coffee the most. Around the world more people drink coffee than tea because _____.
A. coffee berries can be eaten
B. coffee has the most caffeine
C. coffee can prevent fatigue and delay sleep
阅读理解
When July comes, children know they’ll have the final exams and the school year will end soon. Boys and girls will have a nearly two months’ holiday, and they’ll leave school by train or by car to return home to see their fathers and mothers.
The summer holiday is the best time of the year for most students. The weather is good, so they can spend most of their time playing outside .If one lives in the country, he can go on a trip into the woods or in the fields. If one lives in a big city, he can go to a park to play.
The best place for a summer holiday is the seaside. Some children are lucky enough to live near the sea. But for the others who do not, if they have the chance to stay at one of the big seaside towns for a week or two, they will talk about it all the following school year.
Now, what makes children like the seaside so much? I think it is the sand, the sea and the sun, not anything else. Of course, there are lots of new things to see, nice things to eat and interesting things to do. But the feeling of the sand under their feet, the salt water on their skin, and the warm sun on their backs make them happier.Every year, school children have the final exams in ____, and the exam means the school year will end.
| A．May | B．January | C．July | D．December |
According to the passage, if a child comes from a big city, he can often ____ in the summer holidays.
| A．stay at home | B．go on a trip to the woods |
| C．go on a trip in the fields | D．go to a park to play |
It’s the best way for children to go to the ____ to spend their summer holidays.
| A．park | B．seaside | C．city | D．country |
____ make children like the seaside so much?
| A．The beautiful parks | B．The new things |
| C．The sand, the sea and the sun | D．The people near the sea |
Which of the following is Not true according to the passage?
| A．After the final exams ,school children will stay at school for extra classes. |
| B．The summer holidays is a good time to go out for a trip. |
| C．The children from the countryside can have a good time in the woods in the summer holiday. |
| D．If some children go on a trip to the seaside, they will have many things to talk about. |
Galileo Galilei was born in Pisa, Italy, in 1564. His father taught music while his mother cared for kids at home. The family was not wealthy, but Galileo's parents paid for him to go to school.
At first Galileo planned to become a doctor, but he changed his mind. He liked a different kind of science-physics. In Galileo's time, not much was known about how objects moved. Centuries earlier, a Greek（希腊人）named Aristotle had written down his ideas about movements, and everyone seemed to believe them. Galileo questioned those ideas and did experiments （实验）that showed how things really worked. For example, Aristotle thought that a heavier object would fall faster than a lighter one of the same size and shape. No one had ever really tested this idea. It just seemed to be true. Then Galileo came along, dropped two balls from a high tower, and discovered that they hit the ground at the same time!
In later years, Galileo became interested in how the stars and planets move. He watched the sky with a telescope（望远镜）he built himself. Once again, he saw things no one had ever seen before. For example, he saw that the moon was not smooth. Then he noticed that the sun had spots （斑点）that seemed to move. Galileo realized from his observations （观察）that the earth was moving around the sun. A Polish （波兰的）scientist named Copernicus had said this recently, but no one believed him. Galileo knew that Copernicus was right. Unluckily, Galileo's announcement got him into trouble with the Catholic Church. The Catholic Church said that the earth was at the center of the universe （宇宙）with the sun traveling around it. This was what people had long believed, but Galileo said it was untrue. So he was sent to prison（监狱）. He was soon set free, but for the rest of his life he had to stay in his house and yard.
Galileo died in 1642, but his work helped to change the world. He is sometimes called the father of modern science,because he showed us how important it is to look carefully at things and to test out ideas with experiments.
（1）Both Galileo and Copernicus believed that .
| A． |
two objects fall at the same speed |
| B． |
the moon is smooth |
| C． |
the earth goes around the sun |
| D． |
the earth is the center of the universe |
（2）We can infer from this passage that .
| A． |
Galileo's parents didn't value the education |
| B． |
all of Aristotle's ideas were proved to be wrong |
| C． |
Galileo knew Copernicus and exchanged letters with him |
| D． |
the Catholic Church was very powerful in Galileo's time |
（3）While Galileo stayed at home in his later years，he most probably .
| A． |
learned to play music |
| B． |
began to practice medicine |
| C． |
continued with his science experiments |
| D． |
wrote books on modern science |
（4）According to this passage，Galileo is called "the father of modem science" because he .
| A． |
was brave to fight against the church |
| B． |
questioned other scientists1 ideas |
| C． |
built a telescope to look at the stars and planets |
| D． |
made careful observations and tested his ideas |
（5）Which would be a good title for this passage？
| A． |
Mysteries in the universe |
| B． |
Galileo，father of modern science |
| C． |
"Is it true？ "-Different ideas in science |
| D． |
Great minds saved the world |
There are about 1.5 million kinds of living things on Earth，but how many do you see every day？You often see the big colourful animals，like birds，rabbits，and fish.But look more closely.Can you see the small ones，too？Insects（昆虫）make up 80 percent of all the world's living kinds.Look on the ground.Imagine you could look under the ground，too.Many small living things with one cell live there.Life is everywhere around us，in every cubic foot （a foot＝ 12 inches）.
David Littschwager is a photographer who wanted to find out how many living things lived in one cubic foot .So he made a 12﹣inch cube with a green metal frame.And then he put it in five habitats（栖息地）.He chose a tropical rainforest（Costa Rica），a coral reef（Pacific Ocean），the Table Mountain（South Africa），a freshwater river（USA），and a small park（New York）.Three weeks were spent at each place.He watched，counted，and took photos of everything down to I millimeter in size-that crawled（爬）or flew into the cube.
The results were amazing.Liittschwager found both common and rare living things.He discovered many new living kinds，like a strange transparent octopus that is the size of a fingernail!In total，more than a thousand living things were photographed.Liittchwager said the One Cubic Foot experience was like "finding treasure".David Liittschwager also found that the highest biodiversity（生物多样性）in the reef was in the skeleton coral（珊瑚遗骨）.These skeleton coral are suitable for sea living things of all sizes to grow.Although the coral reef had the widest range of biodiversity，all the other habitats were full of life.Even the city park!
（1）What does "one cubic foot" mean in Paragraph 2？
| A． |
1 inch × 1 inch |
| B． |
1 inch × 1 inch × l inch |
| C． |
12 inches × 12 inches |
| D． |
12 inches × 12 inches × 12 inches |
（2）What did David Liittschwager think of the One Cubic Foot experience？
A.It was valuable.
B.It was different.
C.It was simple.
D.It was common.
（3）Which habitat has the most biodiversity？
| A． |
The tropical rainforest. |
| B． |
The coral reef. |
| C． |
The Table Mountain. |
| D． |
The city park. |
（4）Which of the following is the best title for the passage？
| A． |
Life Is Everywhere |
| B． |
Find Treasure in Nature |
| C． |
Five Habitats to Live in |
| D． |
A Story of David Littschwager |
When do children start to talk？If you ask a group of parents when this happened，most will say" around twelve months of age".They will probably even remember what the children said.Many parents keep a diary of their child's "first words"
We can never predict what a first word is going to be.Often it's the name for" mummy " or "daddy"，but it could just as easily be the word for an animal or a favorite toy.Everything depends on what has most caught the child's attention.But one thing is certain：after the first word，others come quickly.By 18 months，most children have learned about 50 words.By two，the total has risen to around 200.
Early words are actually one﹣word sentences.One of the first features（特征）of language a child learns well is to control the rise and fall of the voice to make the difference between stating and questioning.In English，daddy with a high rising tone（声调）means "is that daddy？" Daddy with a high falling tone means "There's daddy".Of course，only very basic meanings can be communicated using tones alone.So it soon becomes necessary to learn some grammar.
In English，grammar means learning to put words in different orders.Children have to see that mummy push is different from push mummy.They start practising such changes at around 18 months.By two，they have learned the basic patterns of word order，and we hear them saying such things as man kick ball and where daddy go.
What are the parents doing all his time？They're acting as teachers and they always have an active role to play in their child's language learning.
（1）How old are most children when they have learned about 50 words？
A.About 6 months old.
B.About one year old.
C.About 18 months old.
D.About two years]old.
（2）Which might an English child say first when learning to talk？
A.Mummy.
B.Push mummy.
C.Man kick ball.
D.Where daddy go.
（3）What's Paragraph 4 mainly about？
A.Word order.
B.Word tones.
C.The first words.
D.Correcting words.
（4）Who is most responsible for a child's early language learning？
A.Teachers.
B.Parents.
C.Friends.
D.Grandparents.
Did you have cereal（麦片）for breakfast this morning？If you did，you're not alone.Lots of people eat cereal for breakfast every day.In fact，cereal is popular all over the world.It all started with one man，Will Keith Kellogg.
Will was born on April 7，1860，in Battle Creek，Michigan.His first job was as a stock boy at the Battle Creek Sanitarium.A sanitarium is a special kind of place that is a little like a hospital.A sanitarium is meant for people who are ill for a long time or who are getting over a serious illness.Will had other jobs as he got older.But when he grew up，he became a manager of the sanitarium.His brother，John，was the chief doctor there.
One big problem at the sanitarium was the patients' diets.The patients needed healthy diets，but it was also important for the food to taste good.Will was trying to find a good food choice to take the place of the bread，but it wasn't going very well.Then，by accident Will found something even better.He left some wheat to cook too long.When it was rolled out，it formed large，thin flakes.He asked his brother to serve it to the patients，and they loved it!In fact，they liked it so much that they wanted breakfast flakes sent to them even after they left the sanitarium.So Will started a new business in 1884：selling packaged breakfast flakes.Before long，Kellogg's breakfast cereal was popular in other countries，too.Today，there are many kinds of breakfast cereals.But it all started with one man and one idea.
Will did more than just create breakfast flakes.His company made a lot of money.But he always shared it with others generously.He used much of his money to help children.He also used his money to help in several other charities（慈善机构）.Will Kdllogg died in 1951.But his most famous invention is as popular as ever.
（1）Will worked as before he became a manager of the sanitarium.
| A． |
a chief doctor |
| B． |
a stock boy |
| C． |
a business man |
| D． |
a cook |
（2）Which of the following is NOT TRUE about cereal according to the passage？
| A． |
It tasted better than bread. |
| B． |
It was Will's favourite food. |
| C． |
It was invented by accident. |
| D． |
It is popular around the world. |
（3）Which word can describe Will Kellogg best？
| A． |
Funny. |
| B． |
Nervous. |
| C． |
Brave. |
| D． |
Generous. |
（4）What is the purpose of the passage？
| A． |
To give advice on eating healthily. |
| B． |
To introduce patients' breakfast. |
| C． |
To describe Will and his invention. |
| D． |
To explain how to make cereal. |
Have you ever thought how important T﹣shirts are in your life？I don't mean expensive designer T﹣shirts，After all，just because you spend a lot of money on a shirt doesn't mean that it looks good.I'm talking about the T﹣shirts that say something about you，like where you've been，what you like，or what you think.Those are often the T﹣shirts that we feel the most comfortable in and that we wear again and again.I'm going to tell you about two T﹣shirts that I really，really love and explain why. I've been to London twice.The first time I went I saw this shirt in a souvenir（纪念品）shop and my dad bought it for me.I really loved the design and the colors.And it reminds me of something funny that happened.One day we were travelling around the center of London.We almost got lost，but we found our way — thanks to the picture on this T﹣shirt! Sometimes I've bought clothes that I've never worn or that I've only worn once or twice.But I've worn（and washed o）this T﹣shirt hundreds of times.I love music and I love Adele.I haven't seen many of my favorite artists live，but I bought this when I went to Adele's concert two years ago.It was a great concert and this is a great souvenir.And white T﹣ shirts go with anything，not just jeans! So，those are just two of my favorite T﹣shirts that tell a story.What about yours？ |
posted 16th April at 16：57 post a comment |
I've never been to China and I don't know any Chinese，but one of my favorite T﹣shirts has the Chinese characters on it.One of the reasons that I like it is because I love the bright colors of the characters.And it has sentimental（情感）value.Last year，my brother studied in Beijing and he gave me this when he came home. Nuria Gil，Spain |
（1）What did Sara's T﹣shirt help her family do in London？
A.Find a souvenir shop.
B.Know where they were.
C.Take a short way.
D.Remember who they were.
（2）Why is the other T﹣shirt so important to Sara？
A.It has never been worn before.
B.It washes well.
C.It was bought at Adele's concert.
D.It goes with jeans.
（3）What does Nuria think of her T﹣shirt？
A.It is old.
B.It is simple.
C.It is expensive.
D.It is valuable.
（4）What is the purpose of this blog？
A.To produce popular T﹣shirts.
B.To make an ad for T﹣shirts.
C.To introduce favorite T﹣shirts.
D.To offer a design for T﹣shirts.
Why is it that the people you meet when backpacking（背包旅行）seem to be more interesting and outgoing than your friends at home？That's my experience，anyway.Very often，you'll meet people that are fun to travel with and worth getting to know.I've spent time with people of many countries and have found out some interesting things about their cultures.It's a great way to learn more about the world.
It's often easy to make new friends while you're traveling，and you'll be able to hang around with them for a few days，until one of you leaves for the next exciting place.Relationships of this kind are shorter but can be just as strong as friendships back home，because you do so much together in that short time.I often find I like to share things about myself that I'd never say to my close friends.It is safe，I think，because we probably won't meet again，except online.
One thing that's important when you're backpacking is to make sure you carry only basic needs，so your backpack isn't too heavy.I travel" "light" these days.One good tip someone gave me is to take old clothes and just throw them away when you move on，instead of washing and waiting for things to dry.Many hostels（小旅社）don't provide shampoo and shower gel.You can get mini bottles in supermarkets.
I've discovered that many backpackers visit little places other tourists don't go to，and by using local shops and guest houses，they help those places with much﹣needed financial（经济上的）support.Most small guest houses allow you to stay for unlimited time，so you can spend as long as you like exploring the local area.Backpackers are also kinder to the environment，because they use trains and buses rather than cars.So，what are you waiting for？ （By Andy Robinson）
（1）According to Andy，friendships made with other backpackers .
A.are less serious than those with his friends at home
B.end at the moment they separate from each other
C.help him to decide where he would like to travel to
D.allow him to talk about himself in an honest way
（2）Which text message would Andy send to a friend？"
A |
"Why don't you fly out to visit me？We'll stay in a famous hotel on the coast. " |
B |
"I'm leaving here tomorrow and then I will drive a car along the coast. " |
C |
"I've met some great people.Tomorrow we're going by boat to an ancient village in the mountains together. " |
D |
"I'm glad I filled up my backpack –I've got everything I need，though it isn't easy to carry it around!" |
（3）The best title for the passage can be .
A.Friendships on the Way
B.Traveling with a Backpack
C.A Backpacking Experience
D.Tips on Travel
Have you ever bought something and then changed your mind？For Alison Jenson，15，this used to happen several times a week.Alison was a shopaholic.She just couldn't stop shopping and she loved special offers.
Alison's bedroom is full of stuff. "I've been to every shop in Birmingham，I think， "says Alison.She picks up some earrings.The labels are still on them. "These were half price， "she says. "I've never worn them. "Alison's problem wasn't just jewellery.She also bought a lot of clothes，though not many shoes，because they were usually too expensive.She has also bought lots of other small things - like 20 new covers for her phone.She hasn't used any of them.
According to experts，we all feel excited after we buy something new.For shopaholics，it's a little different.Soon after they buy something，they think they've made a mistake and start to feel unhappy.So they buy themselves something else to feel happier.
Psychologists （心理学家）first described the problems of shopaholics in 1915.However，there was very little research on the subject until recently.Now，doctors think thousands of people suffer from the problem，and the situation is getting worse.There are also more teenage shopaholics now，although most young people don't have enough money to go shopping very regularly.
Alison knew she had a problem. "I often bought something every day.Usually it was something small，but I just needed to buy it， "she says. "I spent money that I got for my birthday，and when I was short of cash，I borrowed money from friends or my parents.When I couldn't go shopping，I felt anxious.Then one day，my parents just looked at all the stuff in my room and said，'This is crazy!' I knew theywere right. "I needed some big changes in my life.
Alison now gets help with her problem and feels she has changed.She no longer thinks she's a shopaholic. "When I want to buy something in a shop，I ask myself two questions， "she says. "Do I need it？Can I afford it？The answer to both questions is usually 'no'，so I walk away.It's great!"
（1）What do experts say about shopaholics？
| A． |
Shopaholics feel sad when they are shopping. |
| B． |
Shopaholics soon feel unhappy after they have bought something. |
| C． |
Shopaholics feel more excited than other people when they shop. |
| D． |
Shopping is the only way shopaholics can feel happy. |
（2）The underlined word "they" in Paragraph 5 refers to .
| A． |
psychologists |
| B． |
doctors |
| C． |
Alison's parents |
| D． |
Alison's friends |
（3）Which word can best describe Alison's feeling at the end of the passage？
| A． |
Glad. |
| B． |
Worried. |
| C． |
Embarrassed. |
| D． |
Moved. |
（4）The best title for the passage above might be .
| A． |
Shop Till You Drop! |
| B． |
Shopping Makes Me Happy! |
| C． |
You'd Better Shop Less ! |
| D． |
I Can Stop Shopping Now! |
Jason and his father were going to the grocery store by car to pick up some apples.It had been an unusual day.The sky was dark but there were few clouds.As they drove up the street，there started to be a rumbling （隆隆的） sound heard across the ground.
Jason's father immediately realized that a tornado （龙卷风） was coming.He stopped the car and told Jason to get out immediately.Jason and his father got out of the car and made their way to the closest building.By this time the wind was blowing harder，and it was hard to see or hear. Debris was falling all over the place.Jason couldn't see his dad anymore.He also realized that he wasn't getting to the building fast enough.He was afraid he would be picked up by the wind and thrown into the air.
As he made his way towards the building，he noticed a field to his right.He could see an irrigation ditch（灌溉渠）.In a panic，he scrambled （爬） to the ditch and lay flat on the ground.More debris and objects flew overhead.His heart was beating hard，and he was nervous.He had never been in a tornado before.
After a while，the winds died down and the loud roaring sound was gone.Jason slowly lifted his head and nervously looked around.What he saw was a great mess.Jason could hardly recognize the buildings in front of him because of all the damage.
He stood up and with shaky legs walked to the building.Once there，he pushed the door open and went inside.It was a public building owned by the city.It was empty，but Jason could hear noises further inside.He walked into the large room and saw his dad.He ran across the room and gave him a big hug.
"Jason!How are you？I've been worried sick about you!" said his father. "I couldn't find you anywhere!"
Jason breathed a sigh of a relief（松了一口气）and sat down.He did have a story to tell!
（1）From Paragraph 1，we can get the of the story.
| A． |
background |
| B． |
development |
| C． |
climax （most exciting part） |
| D． |
ending |
（2）Which of the following is the right order according to the passage？
①Jason nervously looked around from the irrigation ditch.
②Jason ran across the room and gave his father a big hug.
③Jason got out of the car.
④Jason noticed a field to his right.
| A． |
②①③④ |
| B． |
③④①② |
| C． |
④①②③ |
| D． |
③①②④ |
（3）The underlined word "Debris" in Paragraph 2 probably means .
| A． |
parts of the tornado |
| B． |
apple pies |
| C． |
broken pieces |
| D． |
drop of rain |
（4）The story tells us that when we are in danger， .
| A． |
we should wait patiently until help comes |
| B． |
we should work hard to make our dreams come true |
| C． |
we should be brave enough to change nature |
| D． |
we should be quick﹣thinking and believe in ourselves |
Most viruses can be found and killed by our immune system as soon as they enter our bodies.However，some viruses，for example，the coronavirus，are sneaky.They are difficult to recognize and find.These viruses can cause deadly diseases，like COVID﹣19.Human﹣to﹣human transmission can easily occur，and pandemic will therefore break out.Vaccination is by now a simple，safe and effective way to protect us from the diseases.
▲Vaccines are something that "looks" exactly the same as the viruses，mainly made from the viruses that are weakened or killed.They will not make us really ill.They only stimulate and activate our immune system to work，telling it something harmful is coming in.The immune system will know what the "viruses" look like，and send B cells（lymphocytes）or antibodies to find and kill them.Meanwhile，B cells will remember them for the next kill.A vaccine may also give us passive immunity by providing B cells taken from an animal or a human to play the same role.
Scientists have developed more than 180 vaccines to fight against COVID49.The technical approaches of these vaccines can be a little different，but their aims are the same.
Take the inactivated vaccine as an example.In an inactivated vaccine，the coronaviruses are already killed or made into the ones unable to produce more new viruses.When the immune system "sees" them，it will try to kill them.The question is：without enough these viruses• how can B cells remember them？That's why we need to take the vaccine more than one time.Though this vaccine is safe，it might not be as effective as it is expected to be.
The live﹣attenuated vaccine is different.In this vaccine，the viruses are weakened，but they are alive.They can produce enough new viruses to train the immune system to kill and remember them，so people only need to take the vaccine once.The live﹣attenuated vaccine is considered the most effective，but there is a worry：what might happen once these viruses wake up？
Therefore，although vaccination is by now one of the best ways to protect us from COVID﹣19，it can be better.
（1）The coronavirus can .
| A． |
not be killed |
| B． |
not be found |
| C． |
cause deaths |
| D． |
stop pandemic |
（2）Which of the following can be the best topic sentence of Paragraph 2？
| A． |
Vaccination can provide us with B cells. |
| B． |
Vaccines are made from different viruses. |
| C． |
Vaccination can prepare us against viruses. |
| D． |
Vaccines won't make us ill as the viruses do. |
（3）Compared to the inactivated vaccine，the live﹣attenuated vaccine .
| A． |
needs taking more than once |
| B． |
is equally safe |
| C． |
contains viruses that are killed |
| D． |
is more effective |
（4）What can we learn from the passage？
| A． |
Vaccination is good enough to treat COVID﹣19. |
| B． |
The immune system can be more effective with vaccines. |
| C． |
The viruses in inactivated vaccines can make new viruses. |
| D． |
180 vaccines have been developed to fight against diseases. |
Have you ever entered a tropical rainforest（热带雨林）？Rainforests make up only a small part of the Earth's surface，about six percent，but there are more kinds of tees than any other area in the whole world.
Tropical rainforests are in Africa，Asia，Central and South America，Australia，and on the Pacific islands.The largest tropical rainforest is the Amazon（亚马逊）Rainforest in South America，which covers 1.2 billion acres，or almost five million square kilometres.The second largest rainforest is in Western Africa.
Rainforests provide us with many things.In fact，the Amazon Rainforest is the "lungs of our planet" because it produces 20%of the world's oxygen （氧气）.One fifth of the world's fresh water is also found in the Amazon Rainforest.Furthermore，one half of the world's species of animals，plants and insects live in the Earth's rainforests.80% of the food we eat first grew in the rainforest.25%of the drugs we take when we are sick are made of plants that grow only in rainforests.Some of these drugs are even used to fight and cure cancer.
There are four different levels of trees in a rainforest.The forest floor is the lowest layer full of animal life and receives the least amount of light.The under storey is the dark，cool environment under the leaves but over the ground.The canopy layer is the upper parts of most of the trees.The emergent layer contains a small number of very tall trees.
These different parts of a rainforest exist together to create an ecosystem for many animals，plants and human beings.
（1）This passage is mainly about .
A.kinds of forest
B.where rainforests are
C.facts about rainforests
D.how much oxygen rainforests make
（2）The Amazon Rainforest provides us with percent of the world's oxygen.
| A． |
twenty |
| B． |
twenty﹣five |
| C． |
fifty |
| D． |
eighty |
（3）Where can we probably find a tropical rainforest according to the passage？
| A． |
In France. |
| B． |
In China. |
| C． |
In Canada. |
| D． |
In Britain. |
（4）Which is the right picture to show four different levels of trees in a rainforest？
| A． |
|
| B． |
|
| C． |
|
| D． |
|
Lima，the capital of Peru，is located in the central coastal part of the country，overlooking the Pacific Ocean.With a population of more than 9 million，Lima is one of the largest cities and the only capital in South America that faces the ocean.
Lima has a long history.The lost Inca civilization ，is thought to be a mystery.There are many museums，where you can learn：how the ancient American Indians founded the Inca Empire and built Machu Picchu，a famous ancient city in the Andes Mountains；what happened in 1532 and why over 90% of Peruvians speak Spanish.Visiting the historic center，a World Heritage Site you may find you are communicating with both the past and the present.
Lima is also a place where you can find the lifestyles and fashions，created by its people and culture.You will see Peruvian clothes，dances，and taste their delicious foods and drinks.You can see buildings in different styles，enjoy the fantastic sunset over the ancient ruins，climb the mountains，fly over the ocean，or sit in the restaurants and bars to experience Peruvians' relaxing life.
You may have heard "It never rains in Lima. " In fact，the special geographic feature makes it not as dry as it is said to be and it is warm all year round.Though it seldom rains in summer，it sometimes drizzles on early winter mornings.The drizzleand the wet air "water" the ground，which makes the crops and the plants grow.Moreover，modern technology helps to bring water from the snow and ice on the top of the Andes （over 6，000 m high）for the city to use.People there never waste water.
Lima is such an amazing city that it is worth a visit.
（1）According to the passage，where is Lima on the map？
| A． |
|
| B． |
|
| C． |
|
| D． |
|
（2）Most people in Lima speak .
| A． |
Indian |
| B． |
Spanish |
| C． |
English |
| D． |
Inca language |
（3）The underlined word "drizzle" probably means .
| A． |
warm air |
| B． |
sea water |
| C． |
snow and ice |
| D． |
very light rain |
（4）Lima is a city .
| A． |
which is rich in water resources |
| B． |
where people can learn Inca culture |
| C． |
which is the largest in South America |
| D． |
where the houses are in the same style |
When you and your family go out for dinner，do you notice how many dishes you usually order？It's OK if you finish all of them.But if you waste too much food，you need to pay for it.
Last year，China's top legislature （立法机关）reviewed （审议）a draft law （法律草案）for stopping food waste for the first time.In general，a draft will become law after the top legislature reviews it three times.
According to the draft law，restaurants should tell customers not to order too much.If customers leave too much food uneaten，restaurants can charge （收费）them for food waste.The law also bans （禁止）waiters from encouraging people to order too much food.Some restaurants may use the"N﹣1"mode for people to order dishes."N" stands for the number of persons at a table.So if there are six people at your table，you should order just five dishes，which can help people control the amount of dishes in a proper way.
The draft law also asks schools to teach their students to avoid food waste.It also bans TV programs about overeating and overdrinking.Producers of such programs will face a fine of up to 100，000 yuan.
Food waste happens in many places and has long been a big problem around the world.We need to obey the law and refuse to waste food.
（1）If customers waste too much food，they .
A.need to pay some money for it
B.need to say sorry about it
C.can't enter the restaurant again
D.can leave the restaurant for free
（2）According to the"N﹣1" mode，if 9 persons plan to eat in the restaurant，they need to order dishes.
A.7
B.8
C.9
D.10
（3）Which is NOT true according to the passage？
A.Students should avoid food waste at school.
B.Programs about overeating will be allowed on TV.
C.Food waste has been a big problem all over the world.
D.Waiters can't encourage people to order too much food.
（4）You may read the passage in .
A.a storybook
B.a guidebook
C.an advertisement
D.a newspaper
（5）What does the passage mainly talk about？
A.Harm of food waste.
B.Importance of healthy food.
C.Law to stop food waste.
D.Advantages of stopping food waste.
Masa walked slowly towards the house，stopping now and then to cut off dead leaves or fading flowers.There were few weeds（杂草）.Yuki had spent many hours of her two﹣week visit weeding in the garden.Masa wondered if Yuki had spent so much of her time outside because she wanted to avoid talking to her.
But Yuki must have wanted very much to see us，Masa told herself.She had visited in the last weeks of June，as soon as her college was out for the summer.
She said she wanted to stay longer but couldn't because she had to work.Besides，she needed to use the studio at her college for photography and she had to go to the library to read，"Why do you have to go to college to study art？"Masa asked her. "All the great artists didn't go to college. "
Yuki shook her head. "That was a different time.It's hard to explain. "
"I was thinking you could live with us all year round and still be an artist.This is a nice quiet place to live. "
"I don't know.How would I support myself here？" "You can always give lessons. "Masa said.
"But I don't want to spend a long time looking at kids' drawings. "
"What will you do after you graduate，anyway？Will you become a teacher somewhere else then？"
"Grandma，I don't know. "Yuki sighed.
"What is the use of going to college if you don't know what you're going there for？" "Maybe I'm going because I don't know.I just want to study art now.I don't want to think that far ahead. "
The minute Masa was going to point out that this was too careless a way to live，Yuki suddenly stood up and put on her straw hat.
"I'm going to the garden to weed your flowerbed"，she said， "Let me know if there's something else I can do."
On Yuki's visit，Masa felt strained when they talked，and she was sure Yuki also felt it.But Yuki was never rude or irritable（易怒的）.Even when they disagreed，her face was always full of patience.
（1）According to the passage，Yuki was .
A.a gardener
B.an artist
C.a college student
D.an art teacher
（2）From the underlined sentence，we can infer（推断）that Yuki wanted to .
A.end the conversation
B.weed the flowerbed
C.leave Masa's garden
D.take some photos
（3）It can be learnt from the passage that .
A.Yuki studied art because she wanted to be a teacher
B.Masa wasn't satisfied with Yuki's work in the garden
C.Masa and Yuki agreed on living together all the year
D.Masa and Yuki had very different ideas about college
（4）The underlined word "strained" in the last paragraph probably shows Masa felt something .
A.unforgettable
B.uncomfortable
C.thankful
D.crazy
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