初中英语文中细节阅读理解

A new contact lens（隐形眼镜片）has been developed by scientists from America，Britain and China.It can check for illnesses at any time by examining chemicals in tears.A new sensor（感应器）is used to achieve his purpose.

Scientists hope that the improvement could help to deal with sudden medical events.Dr.Zhao Yunlong said， "COVID﹣19 has had a great influence on the scientific world.And we are doing research to help people deal with similar events in the future."

When introducing the new contact lens，Dr.Guo Shiqi，a researcher at Harvard，said，"In the past，the sensor was put between the layers（层）of the lens.It didn't have direct contact（接触）with tears，But our new sensor is smaller and smarter.I t can be fixed to a lens and keep direct contact with tears.What's more，it causes no discomfort to the eye.

The contact lens has not been put to the market，but researchers are quite sure that it will be welcomed.It is especially useful for the old and those who may experience sudden medical events.

As society develops，scientists are supposed to develop more products that provide care and convenience（便利）for people.The contact lens is one of what they are researching on.Earlier，a California company developed another kind of contact lens using LED technology.It can show the heath information on the mobile phone.Steve Sinclair，head of the company，said， "We have to build something that helps you when you need it and stays of when you don't need it."

（1）According to Dr.Zhao Yunlong,they did the research because 　 　.

A．	they are experienced
B．	they are asked to do so
C．	they want to fight COVID﹣19
D．	they want to help people

（2）The advantage of the new sensor is that 　    　.

A．	it is put between lenses
B．	it is much cheaper
C．	it is smaller and smarter
D．	it can be used for many years

（3）The writer writes the last paragraph by giving 　 　.

A．	an opinion and facts
B．	an opinion and answers
C．	a question and facts
D．	question and answers

（4）The best title of this passage probably is 　 　.

A．	Sensors：Science and Technology
B．	Contact Lenses Care and Convenience
C．	The Most Useful Product
D．	Great Companies of Contact Lens

In September，2020，I had the chance to come to China for the first time and visited Yunnan Province.

On the first day we went to a village named Xiaopingzhai.I was amazed to discover that small tea factory could bring in 6 million yuan a year with only 20 workers.

The next of our trip was the village of Kangmian.Many families now live there after leaving uninhabitable（不适合居住的）areas.The new village has 450 housing units.There I have learned that the government helps the people by providing jobs so that they can support themselves.Of the 1，331 villagers，609 now have jobs.

In Shuiduichong，a traditional Yao ethnic（瑶族）group village，we visited the workshops for making silver ornaments（饰品）.We discovered the skill had a history of more than 200 year.Besides the traditional use of silver ornaments in Yao culture，         ▲         .

A set of silver ornaments can be sold for between 10，000 and 20，000 yuan on the market.The making of silver ornaments creates jobs in the village.Shuiduichong now has more than 20 family workshops.

This trip was over.I have realized that through the hard work of the Chinese government，great changes have taken place in Yunnan.These impressive（印象深刻的）results should serve as an example for other developing countries.

（1）The trip followed the way of 　 　.

A．	Xiaopinghai→ Shuiduichong→ Kangmian
B．	Xiaopingzhai→Kangmian→ Shuiduichong
C．	Kangmian→ Shuiduichong→ Xiaopingzhai
D．	Kangmian→Xiaopingzhai→ Shuiduichong

（2）In Kangmian the government helps the people by 　 　.

A．	selling products
B．	giving money
C．	opening factories
D．	providing jobs

（3）Which of the following sentences can be put in the ▲？ 　 　

A．	tourists like them very much
B．	these objects have a high value
C．	people buy them as gifts
D．	they can be seen everywhere

（4）The structure of the passage may be 　    　.

（①＝Paragraph 1

②Paragraph 2

③Paragraph3

④Paragraph 4

⑤Paragraph5

⑥Paragraph 6）

A．
B．
C．
D．

China has named the nation's first Mars rover（火星车）Zhu Rong.For all of us，Zhu Rong is a well﹣suited name.

In an ancient Chinese story，Zhu Rong had the face of a man and the body of an animal.He rode on two dragons.When he had a big fight with Gong Gong，the god of water，Zhu Rong won.But after the fight，the human world came into complete darkness.Then he brought fire from heaven（天国）to the world.

"Zhu Rong is regarded as the earliest god of fire in traditional Chinese culture，" a space official said. "The first Mars rover was named Zhu Rong.The name symbolizes（象征）light and hope for space exploration（探索）in our country，and means to guide humans to continue exploration."

After leaving the earth last summer，Zhu Rong circled Mars for several months and landed on it in May.In recent years，our country has sent up the world's first quantum satellite（量子卫星），and Chang'e﹣4 has made a soft landing on the moon.We have made great progress in space technology and will soon start building our own space station.

（1）What Zhu Rong brought from heaven to the world was 　    .

A．	fire
B．	wars
C．	water
D．	animals

（2）For China's space exploration，the name Zhu Rong symbolizes 　    　.

A．	a big fight
B．	complete darkness
C．	light and hope
D．	Chinese culture

（3）The underlined word "it" in the last paragraph refers to" 　 　"

A．	the earth
B．	Mars
C．	the moon
D．	the sun

（4）According to the passage，we can infer that 　    　.

A．	Zhu Rong is a bad person in an ancient Chinese story
B．	China has made great progress in space technology
C．	the writer is proud of China's space technology
D．	the official doesn't like the name Zhu Rong

Five people were waiting for a company（公司）.Inside the room，they could do whatever they liked，except using the phone or the Internet.

On the first day，all of the five people were excited.They were imagining their bright future.But there was no interview.

On the second day，they came again for the interview.But to their surprise，there was no news about the interview.Two of them got upset.

On the third morning，they arrived earlier.Still，no news came.By mid﹣day，most of them were irritated.Some thought the company did not care for them.Some regretted coming here.Only one man was different.He was happy all those days.He kept smiling while the others complained（抱怨）.

At the end of that day，the boss appeared.To their disappointment，the boss said that their interview had ended and only one of them was chosen.It was the man who kept happy.Then the boss added "We want someone who can keep happy in whatever situations .Keeping happy is an ability!"

（1）The five people were waiting for 　 　.

A．	an interview
B．	a meeting
C．	a phone call
D．	a meal

（2）The underlined word "irritated" in Paragraph 4 probably means" 　 　" .

A．	快活的
B．	愤怒的
C．	放松的
D．	胆怯的

（3）The man was chosen because 　 　.

A．	he listened to the others
B．	he kept happy
C．	his answers were better
D．	he cared for others

（4）The passage probably comes from 　    　.

A．	a dictionary
B．	a poster
C．	a magazine
D．	a notice

We have made a survey about the food we have in a day in our class.Here are the results.

According to the results，the doctor gave us the following suggestions.We should have more fruit and vegetables，and fewer smacks.A healthy diet（饮食）is important.

milk &eggs；grains（谷物）；fruit &vegetables；meat & fish；snacks

（1）The favorite food in our class is 　 　.

A．	meat and fish
B．	fruit and vegetables
C．	grains
D．	snacks

（2）The number of students who have milk and eggs is 　    　.

A．	A 20
B．	10
C．	C 35
D．	38

（3）The doctor thought we should have more 　    　.

A．	vegetables
B．	meat
C．	fish
D．	snacks

Liu Xiuxiang was born in a poor family.When he was 4，his father died.His mother developed mental（精神的）health problems.When he was 10，his elder brother and sisters left and never returned.To make a living，Liu collected rubbish，and in high school he worked 18 hours a day during summer vacations.However difficult it was，he never gave up his study.

In 2007，Liu failed the Gaokao.He got lost.He wondered if he should continue studying.After working in a bathhouse for about 50 days，he decided to go back to school.In 2008，h finally passed the Gaokao and went to university.

After graduation，he became a history teacher in his hometown. "I want to come back to tell the children，who are as poor and lost as I was，that education has changed my life. "Liu set a good example for them to take control of lives through education.

Now Liu gives speeches around the country.His story inspires（鼓舞）many students and encourages people to help those from poor families.Since 2012，he has helped more than 1，900 students and called on more teachers to work in poor areas to improve the quality（质量）of education.

Liu was titled "the most beautiful teacher" in 2020.His story moves us a lot.

（1）How long did Liu Xiuxiang work during summer vacations in high school？ 　    　

A．	4 hours a day.
B．	10 hours a day.
C．	12 hours a day.
D．	18 hours a day.

（2）The underlined word " lost" in Paragraph 2 probably means " 　 　.

A．	丢失的
B．	错过的
C．	迷路的
D．	迷茫的

（3）Liu Xiuxiang set a good example for the children to take control of lives through 　    　.

A．	speeches
B．	money
C．	education
D．	jobs

（4）The passage is written in the order of 　    　.

A．	space
B．	time
C．	persons
D．	opinion

Build for yourself a strong box.Build each part with care；

When it strong as your hand can make it，

Put all your troubles there.

Hide there all thought of your failures.And each pain that you take；

Lock all your heartaches in it，

Then sit on the lid（盖子）and laugh

Tell no one else what's inside，Never share its secrets；

When you've dropped in your care and worry，

Keep them for ever there.Hide them from sight（视野）so completely；

That the world will never dream half；Cover the strong box safely，

Then sit on the lid and laugh.

（1）The material above is probably 　    　.

A．	a story
B．	a play
C．	a poem
D．	a letter

（2）What does the writer advise us to put in the box？ 　 　

A．	Happy things.
B．	Sad things.
C．	Interesting things.
D．	Boring things.

（3）According to the writer，we'd better keep these things in the box 　 　.

A．	for ever
B．	for a year
C．	for a month
D．	for a week

（4）After covering the box with the lid，we can sit on it and 　    　.

A．	cry
B．	share
C．	dream
D．	laugh

   A map is a drawing of a place.The title tells you what place it is.The symbols of the map key stand for different places.A map shows the four directions.The letters N，S，E and W stand for north，south，east and west.Look!Walk west on the road，then turn left，and you can find the school.

（1）The picture above is a map of 　    　.

A．	a country
B．	a city
C．	a town
D．	a park

（2）On the map，you can find the following places EXCEPT 　 　.

A．	a hotel
B．	a school
C．	a bank
D．	a hospital

（3）If you want to go to the zoo，you can 　    　.

A．	walk east on the road
B．	walk west on the road
C．	walk south on the road
D．	walk north on the road

Newspapers are dying.Electronic devices like mobile phones，pads，TVs and car radios can all be the killers.Most people believe in the long run，there is no reason• no practical reason for newspapers to survive.No matter what we do may only buy time.

Can anything save newspapers？I decided to have a try.

Many years ago，Bonnier，a Swedish publisher，set a newspaper in the former Soviet countries .After a few years，they had more newspapers in central and eastern Europe.However，these newspapers were run by a group of inexperienced people，and they didn't have enough money.In many places there were not even art directors.

I got a position in Bonnier's newspaper as an art director.

It was very difficult at first.I was really disappointed，until one day，in Londonn，when I saw performance by Cirque du Soleil. "These guys took some run﹣down entertainment，and put it to the highest possible level of performance art.M Inspiration lighted me up， "Why can't we do the same with the newspapers.We started to redesign the newspapers，one by one.

We used our imagination.We treated the whole newspaper as one piece，one composition - like music.

Music has a rhythm，has ups and downs.Design is responsible for this experience.Flipping through pages was readers' experience and I was responsible for this experience.

The front page became my personal channel to talk to the readers.My approach was simple and direct.I wanted to show my understanding of art，and of reality.I wanted to make posters，not newspapers.Not even magazines：posters.

We had determination，and we kept on trying.We experimented with type，with illustration and with photos.We kept asking：Why do we do it？What's our goal？

Design was not only about the front page.It was a part of the process.To be good was not enough.The process we made was about improving the product completely.

We adjusted the content accordingly.We improved everything to what our readers thought it should be and how they liked reading it.We kept improving and we had fun.

Soon in Poland ，our pages were named "Covers of the Year" three times in a row.One year later this newspaper，in the same country，they named it the "World's Best﹣Designed Newspaper".Two years later，the same award came to Estonia.The circulation of the newspapers kept going up.They became more and more popular.

Someone may think we are buying time，but our newspapers are alive，and growing.

（1）According to the passage，most people think newspapers 　    　.

A．	will be replaced
B．	should be improved
C．	need to be saved
D．	may die immediately

（2）Why did the writer go to work in Bonnier's newspaper？ 　    　

A．	Art director was a well﹣paid position.
B．	It would die and he was going to save it.
C．	He hoped to get more working experience.
D．	It was a big publishing company in Europe.

（3）Which of the following is probably the writer's opinion？ 　    　

A．	Newspapers can be alive if they are designed as posters.
B．	The other newspapers can develop as quickly as Bonnier.
C．	We may only buy time no matter how we save newspapers.
D．	Newspapers won't survive unless we keep improving them.

（4）What makes the writer's newspapers survive and grow？（请用约 40 词回答）

________________________

Most viruses can be found and killed by our immune system as soon as they enter our bodies.However，some viruses，for example，the coronavirus，are sneaky.They are difficult to recognize and find.These viruses can cause deadly diseases，like COVID﹣19.Human﹣to﹣human transmission can easily occur，and pandemic will therefore break out.Vaccination is by now a simple，safe and effective way to protect us from the diseases.

▲Vaccines are something that "looks" exactly the same as the viruses，mainly made from the viruses that are weakened or killed.They will not make us really ill.They only stimulate and activate our immune system to work，telling it something harmful is coming in.The immune system will know what the "viruses" look like，and send B cells（lymphocytes）or antibodies to find and kill them.Meanwhile，B cells will remember them for the next kill.A vaccine may also give us passive immunity by providing B cells taken from an animal or a human to play the same role.

Scientists have developed more than 180 vaccines to fight against COVID49.The technical approaches of these vaccines can be a little different，but their aims are the same.

Take the inactivated vaccine as an example.In an inactivated vaccine，the coronaviruses are already killed or made into the ones unable to produce more new viruses.When the immune system "sees" them，it will try to kill them.The question is：without enough these viruses• how can B cells remember them？That's why we need to take the vaccine more than one time.Though this vaccine is safe，it might not be as effective as it is expected to be.

The live﹣attenuated vaccine is different.In this vaccine，the viruses are weakened，but they are alive.They can produce enough new viruses to train the immune system to kill and remember them，so people only need to take the vaccine once.The live﹣attenuated vaccine is considered the most effective，but there is a worry：what might happen once these viruses wake up？

Therefore，although vaccination is by now one of the best ways to protect us from COVID﹣19，it can be better.

（1）The coronavirus can 　 　.

A．	not be killed
B．	not be found
C．	cause deaths
D．	stop pandemic

（2）Which of the following can be the best topic sentence of Paragraph 2？ 　 　

A．	Vaccination can provide us with B cells.
B．	Vaccines are made from different viruses.
C．	Vaccination can prepare us against viruses.
D．	Vaccines won't make us ill as the viruses do.

（3）Compared to the inactivated vaccine，the live﹣attenuated vaccine 　 　.

A．	needs taking more than once
B．	is equally safe
C．	contains viruses that are killed
D．	is more effective

（4）What can we learn from the passage？ 　 　

A．	Vaccination is good enough to treat COVID﹣19.
B．	The immune system can be more effective with vaccines.
C．	The viruses in inactivated vaccines can make new viruses.
D．	180 vaccines have been developed to fight against diseases.

Lima，the capital of Peru，is located in the central coastal part of the country，overlooking the Pacific Ocean.With a population of more than 9 million，Lima is one of the largest cities and the only capital in South America that faces the ocean.

Lima has a long history.The lost Inca civilization ，is thought to be a mystery.There are many museums，where you can learn：how the ancient American Indians founded the Inca Empire and built Machu Picchu，a famous ancient city in the Andes Mountains；what happened in 1532 and why over 90% of Peruvians speak Spanish.Visiting the historic center，a World Heritage Site you may find you are communicating with both the past and the present.

Lima is also a place where you can find the lifestyles and fashions，created by its people and culture.You will see Peruvian clothes，dances，and taste their delicious foods and drinks.You can see buildings in different styles，enjoy the fantastic sunset over the ancient ruins，climb the mountains，fly over the ocean，or sit in the restaurants and bars to experience Peruvians' relaxing life.

You may have heard "It never rains in Lima. " In fact，the special geographic feature makes it not as dry as it is said to be and it is warm all year round.Though it seldom rains in summer，it sometimes drizzles on early winter mornings.The drizzleand the wet air "water" the ground，which makes the crops and the plants grow.Moreover，modern technology helps to bring water from the snow and ice on the top of the Andes （over 6，000 m high）for the city to use.People there never waste water.

Lima is such an amazing city that it is worth a visit.

（1）According to the passage，where is Lima on the map？ 　    　

A．
B．
C．
D．

（2）Most people in Lima speak 　     　.

A．	Indian
B．	Spanish
C．	English
D．	Inca language

（3）The underlined word "drizzle" probably means 　 　.

A．	warm air
B．	sea water
C．	snow and ice
D．	very light rain

（4）Lima is a city 　    　.

A．	which is rich in water resources
B．	where people can learn Inca culture
C．	which is the largest in South America
D．	where the houses are in the same style

Every year，tens of thousands of kids aged 3 to 13 become Junior Rangers in different national parks across America.At Yosemite alone，more than 20，000 kids take part in the Yosemite Junior Ranger Program.If you want to be a Junior Ranger，you need to learn about the natural and cultural history .and make a promise to be a national park protector.

Here Is How YOU Can Become a Junior Ranger!

Earn yourself an official Junior Ranger Badge!You could become a Yosemite's Junior Ranger today by completing the following steps：

• Buy your Junior Ranger Handbook in the nearest Visitor Center.

• Complete the pages in the handbook.

• Pick up rubbish.

• Attend a Guided Program.

• Return your completed handbook and a bag of rubbish to the Visitor Center.

• Make your official Junior Ranger Promise at a ceremony.

• Get your official Junior Ranger Badge.

After you become a Junior Ranger，you are encouraged to share your ranger stories with your friends，teachers and families.

（1）Who can become Junior Rangers？ 　 　

A．	Children.
B．	Parents.
C．	Teachers.
D．	Officers.

（2）What should Junior Rangers promise to do？ 　 　

A．	Read the handbook.
B．	Learn American history.
C．	Share ranger stories.
D．	Protect the national parks.

（3）Before getting Yosemite's Junior Ranger Badges，they should complete 　 　.

A．	four steps
B．	five steps
C．	six steps
D．	seven steps

If we want to grow as people，we can't just depend on our own evaluation（评价）of how we're doing.We also need to know what other people think about our performance.Receiving feedback（反馈）from others can help us see the larger picture and show us a way forward to success.However，someone has to give that feedback，and sometimes，that someone will be you.How should you deal with this？

First things first-if you notice a situation in which some feedback would be helpful，give it as soon as you can.If you wait until the matter disappears from the person's mind，they might not understand what you're trying to tell them.Take the person to a safe，comfortable place and offer your advice in private.

When you're giving feedback，it's important to keep in mind that no one likes to be told they're doing a bad job.Make sure you give an equal（相等的）amount of good feedback to balance out（平衡）anything bad.Like the saying goes， " A spoonful of sugar helps the medicine go down."

All good feedback shares something in common.First，it should help achieve a goal.It's less useful to tell your friends that their dish tastes "interesting" than it is to suggest adding a little salt.Feedback should also look toward the future.You can't change what's already happened，but you can prevent it from happening again.Tell your friends they should take more notes in class instead of talking about how they should have studied harder for the big history exam they failed.

Finally，don't think your suggestion is the only correct way to deal with a situation.You might even end up with some feedback on your feedback.Don't take it personally﹣﹣it can only help you give better advice next time.

（1）What does the underlined word "this" in Paragraph probably mean？ 　 　

A．	Seeing the picture.
B．	Giving feedback.
C．	Receiving feedback.
D．	Showing a way to success.

（2）Why is it important to give feedback in time according to Paragraph 2？       

A．	You might forget to tell the person later on.
B．	Perhaps the person wants the feedback right away.
C．	Maybe the person needs time to understand your advice.
D．	If you wait to long，the person might forget what's happened.

（3）What can we infer（推断）from the underlined saying in Paragraph 3？ 　    　

A．	It's helpful to keep on giving bad feedback.
B．	It's difficult to do a good job all the time.
C．	It's better to balance good and bad feedback.
D．	It's important to think twice before giving feedback.

（4）The passage is mainly about 　 　.

A．	what characters good feedback includes
B．	how people should give feedback properly
C．	the differences between good and bad feedback
D．	the importance of giving and receiving feedback

Marianne Carus，who started Cricket（蟋蟀）magazine in 1973 and served as Editor﹣in﹣Chief（总主编）until 2012，died on March 3 at the age of 92 this year.

Marianne believed that "only the best of the best is good enough for the young. "In Cricket，children would find wonderful stories with beautiful art，and be encouraged by ideas in the humanities and sciences.Marianne looked for stories from around the world to awaken admiration for different peoples and cultures.Most important，Cricket would never talk down to children.

Marianne knew that children were filled with fun，and she wanted Cricket to be，too - "humor from the heart that makes you laugh out loud. "And so she named her literary magazines after a funny group of bugs（虫子），such as Lady bung and Spider.

Over the years，Cricket has been read by millions of children and given many writers and artists their start.Marianne kept a special box of "love letters" to the magazine.She treasured these letters from Cricket readers，including long﹣ago readers.They told her that their interest in reading had begun with Cricket.

▲She considered other names，such as Troubadour or Taliesin，the singers and storytellers of old who traveled from one place to another to share their songs and stories.Then，one night，she was reading Isaac Bashevi Singer's memoir（回忆录）A Day of Pleasure，about his childhood in Warsaw.In it he wrote：There was a stove in Shosha's apartment behind which there lived a cricket.It chirped the nights through all winter long I imagined the cricket was telling a story that would never end. "That's exactly what Marianne wanted her children's magazine to do-to tell stories that would never end!So the name Cricket became her best choice.

Thank you for everything，Marianne.May the stories，and the laughter，never end!

（1）Cricket is a magazine most probably for 　 　.

A．	writer
B．	children
C．	artists
D．	teachers

（2）According to the passage，Marianne 　 　.

A．	made an effort to find the best stories
B．	raised many bugs as her pets
C．	replied to long﹣ago Cricket readers
D．	started Cricket 39 years ago

（3）Which of the following can be the best to fill in" ▲"in Paragraph 5？ 　 　

A．	How was the life of crickets？
B．	When was the magazine Cricket born？
C．	What did Marianne think of crickets？
D．	Why did Marianne name her magazine Cricket？

（4）The best title for the passage can probably be 　 　.

A．	The Life of a Cricket
B．	Admiration for Different Cultures
C．	Best Stories for the Young
D．	Achievements in Marianne 's Life

Bruce Kelley,a reporter interviewed people and asked, "What are some of the highlights（最精彩的部分）of your life so far？" Here are some of her answers.

Janie，35，Canada：high school teacher "Oh.I've been pretty lucky up until now.For one thing,I've traveled a lot.I lived in Italy a few years ago.Then after Italy，I went to Central America and worked with a team of volunteers.We were rebuilding homes after a major earthquake for two months.It was hard work but so worth doing.Life has been interesting so far. "

Marcos，25，Brazil：college student "Um，I've done some interesting things in the last few years.I started a band the year before last，though it didn't last we broke up after six months.But it was fun.And I've been coaching a soccer team in a local primary school for the last two years.We've won most of our matches. "

Jing Wei 25 and Sheng Yang 27，China：designer and graduate student "Well，Sheng Yang hasn't really done anything except study over the last few years.We met when he was getting his master's in college.Then Sheng started his PhD.Since then，he's just been giving all his attention to school" "Jing Wei began working at a fashion company last year.That was a big thing for her.She's been enjoying it so far."

（1）It seems to be a real highlight for 　 　in volunteering according to the text.

A．	Janie
B．	Jing Wei
C．	Marcos
D．	Sheng Yang

（2）From the text above，we can know that 　 　.

A．	Janie joined in rebuilding homes in Italy after an earthquake
B．	Marcos has been learning to play soccer for two years
C．	Sheng Yang has been working for a few years
D．	Jing Wei got a job at a fashion company last year

（3）The text is probably from the column（栏目） of 　 　in a magazine.

A．	Life
B．	Travel
C．	Science
D．	Sports