The world has a plastics problem． And not just with bottles． Straws（吸管）， toothbrushes， toys﹣all kinds of plastics are placed in landfills． There are 5 billion tons of plastic waste in the world． Landfills have a large part of it． By 2050， they could have 13 billion tons．
Much of plastic rubbish finds its way into the ocean． Scientists say 165 million tons of plastic pieces are floating around out there． And most plastic won't disappear itself． It will remain in the ocean forever． Whales get caught in plastic fishing nets． Birds die because of eating plastic straws and bottle caps． It endangers ocean life． Plastic rubbish even ends up in the food we eat．
Governments are realizing that recycling may not be enough． They are taking more actions． Though it is hard work， it is still a solvable problem． In Britain， people are not allowed to use plastic bags except in hospitals． Scotland and several coastal cities in the US stop people from using plastic straws as well． The US alone throws away some 500 million plastic straws a day． That's enough to circle the Earth twice． "Saying no to a plastic straw is an easy way to make a big difference，" Dana Lofflin who started said． "Do we really want to pass on to our children a world harmed by plastic？"
People have found some tasty ways to reduce waste． A company in India made the first﹣ever spoon that people can eat． You don't have to eat the spoon． You can throw it away． It decomposes（分解） in just a few days． David Edwards， a scientist at Harvard University， designed an eatable bag which can protect the food or drink inside． It is a delicious replacement for plastic ones．
（1）According to the write， birds die because they ．
A． eat bottle caps and straws
B． get caught in fishing nets
C． feed on ocean animals
D． have the spoons in India
（2）The underlined word "endangers " in Paragraph 2 probably means ．
A． brings
B． loses
C． harms
D． saves
（3）The purpose of the passage is mainly to ．
A． introduce some ways to recycle waste
B． tell readers about the problem with plastics
C． compare air pollution and plastic pollution
D． describe how the US is reducing plastic waste
（4）From the passage， we can tell that the plastics problem ．
A． is too big for people to solve
B． can be solved by recycling alone
C． can be solved， but it wont be easy
D． will have to be solved by future scientists
根据短文内容，从下列选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项多余。
The COVID﹣19 epidemic（新冠疫情）is sill spreading rapidly throughout the world.Luckily，it is under control in China with the efforts of our government and all the people.However，we should still be careful in our daily life.There're some rules for us to follow.
① Get vaccinated （打疫苗）
Since there's still no special medicine to cure（治愈） COVID﹣19， （1） The government is providing available vaccine（疫苗）for everyone in our country.If you're over 18 years old and in good health，you can get vaccinated near your community. （2）
②Wear masks（口罩）
People have been used to wearing masks since the epidemic broke out.It is summer now，maybe wearing masks in hot weather makes you feel uncomfortable.However， （3）
So whenever you go out，don't forget to put on your mask.You may look cooler with a mask on!
③Wash your hands
（4） Especially when you get home from school or work，or return from any other public places，the first thing you should do is to turn on the tap（水龙头），pick up the soap and wash your hands completely.
④Keep safe social distance（距离）
You'd better not go to crowded places.The summer vacation is beginning.If you have to go to the stores，movies，parties，supermarkets，etc，besides wearing masks，remember to keep social distance. （5）
Anyway，take good care of yourself and live a safe and happy life!
| A.Wash your hands as often as possible. B.But you have to pay! C.we don't need to do anything about it. D.What's more，it is free! E.Avoid getting too close to other people. F.the vaccine is the most important way to prevent it. G.it is still a good way to stop the virus（病毒） from spreading among people. |
Populations of white﹣tailed deer（白尾鹿） are growing rapidly in many parts of the United States． As populations grow， food becomes a problem． Many deer die of hunger．Others grow up small and unhealthy． In search of food， hungry deer move closer to where humans live． They eat farm crops， vegetables and even trees． Besides， increased numbers of deer near roads can cause traffic accidents．
People admire the grace and fast speed of deer． Most people don't want these animals to be hungry and ill． Should people take action to control the growing deer populations？
Should People Take Direct Action？
Many people think that hunting （打猎） is the best way to control the animal populations． Wildlife managers will see if there's enough food in an area and decide its carrying capacity（容量）． Then hunters with licenses are sent to help control the number of deer． Hunting is usually not allowed in cities or suburbs， however．
Some people have the idea to catch the deer and move them to other places． But this method is expensive and requires finding another place that can accept the deer without breaking the balance of ecosystem．
Scientists are also working to develop chemicals to control the birth rate in deer populations． But this plan works for only one year at a time．
Should People Take Indirect Action？
Some suggest bringing in natural enemies of deer， such as wolves， lions and bears， to areas with too many deer． But these animals could also hurt dogs， cats， and even humans．Other communities have built tall fences around areas to keep out the deer．However， this is impossible for farmers．
Some people are against any kind of action， They support leaving the deer alone．Animal populations in an area naturally go up and down over time． Doing nothing means that some deer will die of hunger or illness． But finally， the population will reach a size within the carrying capacity of the environment．So， let nature go its own way．
（1）According to the passage， increased numbers of deer can bring to people in the area．
A． water pollution
B． traffic accidents
C． serious illnesses
D． growing populations
（2）Which of the following is the best to fill in the " " in the passage？
A． Should People do Nothing？
B． Should People protect the Deer？
C． Should People Take Special Action？
D． Should People Drive the Deer Away？
（3）The writer most probably agrees that ．
A． farmers can build fences to keep the deer out
B． people should leave the deer alone in the wild
C． hunting is the best way to control the deer populations
D． it's great to catch the deer and move them to other places
（4）The writer organizes this passage by ．
A．telling stories
B．using numbers
C．giving opinions
D．describing scenes
We all know health is the most important in our life and we know smoking is harmful to people's health．But not many people know about the danger of second﹣hand smoke．
Second﹣hand smoke is the smoke that comes from the smoker's breath．If people breathe in second﹣hand smoke from time to time，they could get sick from it．It can cause lung cancer（肺癌）and many other diseases．
But how serious is the problem of the second﹣hand smoke？The World Health Organization（WHO） did a study of 194 countries．They found that second﹣hand smoke causes about 600，000 deaths every year．That is about 1% of the world death and it leads to a lot of trouble and pain．
Second﹣hand smoke is especially harmful to children because their bodies are growing．According to a study，around 165，000 children under 5 die each year because of second﹣hand smoke．Most of these deaths happened in Africa and Southem Asia where health care is very poor．
You can do something to keep yourself and other people away from second﹣hand smoke．You can ask the smokers，such as your parents，to smoke outside．And，if someone smokes close to you，you'd better hold your breath or just walk away．
根据短文内容，选择最佳选项．
61．The underlined word"breath"in the passage means" "in Chinese
A．脉搏
B．呼吸
C．感染
D．传染
62．According to the passage，which statement is right？
A．There are 194 countries in the world．
B．The total death of the word is about 600，000
C．Second﹣hand somke is wores for adults（成人）than children
D．Health care is very poor in Africa and Southern Asia
63．What dose the writer think is the most important in life？
A．Health
B．Friendship
C．Love
D．Money
64．How can you keep away from second﹣hand smoke？
A．Standing close to the persons who smoke
B．Asking your parents to go out of your house
C．Holding your breath all the time
D．Walking away from the smokers
65．The best title of this article may be" "
A．Smoking
B．second﹣hand Smoke
C．Giving up Smoking
D．Smoking is harmful to children．
Protecting the earth is like protecting our eyes．People's attention to recycling is increasing．From recycling plastic bags to using environment friendly products，there are many developments to be seen in almost every comer of the world．
Sweden is a worldwide leader in recycling．They open world's first mall for repaired and recycled goods，It's called ReTuna，a two﹣story building in Eskilstuna，Sweden，about 70 miles west of Stockholm．The clever thing about this mall is its position．It's right next to the city's recycling centre．So a stream of cars is already coming to drop off unwanted household things．This produces a supply of things for the shops．There are 14 special shops．When goods arrive，a team sorts everything into categories（类别）．The mall only sells goods that are recycled or"upcycled"，meaning unwanted things broken down and reinvented as something new．By doing so，50 new jobs were created in repair and retail（零售）
"You can come and just do sustainable shopping and Sweden loves it．And the world loves it，"said Anna Bergstrom，the manager of the ReTuna Mall．"I think it's fun to find something that people have used，and we can use further，"said Cato Limas，a ReTuna customer（顾客）．"If you look at the things they're selling here，they're almost new．So actually，why do you need to buy new things？"
These unwanted things found new homes．In 2018，the mall sold second﹣hand goods worth 1.3million．
（1）The Sweden's first mall for repaired and recycled goods is ．
A．RcTuna
B．Eskilstuna
C．Anna Bergstrom
（2）How many new jobs were created in repair and retail？
A．14．
B．50．
C．70．
（3）What does the underlined word "sustainable" in Paragraph 3 mean？
A．Lucky．
B．Private．
C．Environment friendly．
（4）Who is Cato Limas？
A．A manager．
B．A customer．
C．A driver．
（5）The passage mainly talks about ．
A．shopping in Sweden
B．making more money
C．the mall selling second﹣hand goods
If your pencil box is broken，the batteries（电池）in your flashlights run out，or you have some leftover food，how will you deal with these things？You will probably throw them all into one rubbish bin.But actually，we need to sort（分类）all the rubbish separately.If you don't sort your rubbish，all of it will go to a special place where it is buried（埋藏）together.As a result，it will take up some fields.Some rubbish will pollute the groundwater.Some rubbish that can be reused will be wasted.
In recent years，some Chinese cities have been working hard on rubbish sorting.
Shanghai has called on all the people living in this city to sort their rubbish into four groups：wet，recyclable，harmful and dry.Wet waste is known as household waste.They are things you don't want but pigs can eat.Paper，metal，glass，plastic and other things that can be reused are recyclable waste.Harmful waste includes thins like medicine，batteries.Finally，any waste that is not wet，recyclable or harmful will go to the "dry waste" bin.
Many other Chinese cities are also using this way to sort their rubbish.For example，Deyang has been sorting its rubbish into the same four groups since several years ago.Students in Deyang have already received waste﹣sorting guidebooks.They have studied these books and known how to sort the rubbish.
China is now improving its waste﹣sorting efforts.There is still a long way to go.But it's never too late to learn how to sort your rubbish rightly.We should take an active part in it.
（1）How many bad results will there be if all the rubbish is buried together？
A.Two.
B.Three.
C.Four.
D.Five.
（2）What does the underlined phrase "take up" in Paragraph 1 mean？
A.处理
B.改变
C.占用
D.从事
（3）Which of the following is harmful waste？
A.Metal.
B.Paper.
C.Medicine.
D.Glass.
（4）What can we learn from the passage？
A.Students in Deyang have known how to sort the rubbish.
B.Paper and metal can be thrown into a "dry waste" bin.
C.The whole world is working hard on rubbish sorting.
D.China has already succeeded in sorting the rubbish.
We all know that healthy food is good for our bodies． But most people don't know it is also good for the mind! What we eat doesn't just affect （影响） the way we look． It also affects the way we think and remember things．
Doctors have said fish like mackerel（马鲛鱼） and salmon （鲑鱼） are good for the brain．These fish have special fats that help children's brain to grow． They also help to keep adults' memories sharp．Some green vegetables are also good for the brain． They have a lot of vitamins （维生素） the brain needs．
But don't think if you eat a lot of salmon， you'll never have to study again! The truth is， these foods don't make you smarter． But they do keep your brain healthy， and a healthy brain is easier to use．
（1）Healthy food is ．
A． only good for our bodies
B． only good for the mind
C． not only good for our bodies， but also for the mind
（2）Why is salmon good for children？
A． Because it is from the ocean．
B． Because it helps children to become smarter．
C． Because it has special fats that help children's brain to grow．
（3）What does the underlined word "sharp" mean？
A． good
B． poor
C． bad
（4）What would be the best title for the article？
A． The Best Food﹣ Fish．
B． Feed Your Brain
C． How to Make Your Children Smart．
阅读材料，给有关运动的段落选择合适的标题．
（1） Whenever I move to a new city to study or work， I look for exercise classes． You meet like﹣minded people， you can support each other during a difficult exercise and you all share a collective （集体的） feeling of excitement when the class finishes．
（2） Every day， the 20 minutes on the treadmill （ 踏车）gets easier， the weights feel lighter and you feel a great sense of achievement． It might not be easy， but you would be fit and strong． It's a great feeling challenging yourself． Also it's a result of your hard work．
（3） When you exercise， your body produces endorphins （内啡肽）． It will give you a rush of excitement and happiness． You will feel better after exercise． Next time you're having a bad day， try going for a run， and then the day won't seem so bad after all．
（4） We all know the effects of exercise on our mind． Exercise might give you a feeling of confidence （信心） from being comfortable with your body and appearance． This new confidence might even help in your life．
（5） Focusing on exercise can help you forget the problems and stress of daily life， study or work． During exams， I always spend an hour a day in the gym． It makes me feel less anxious and it also helps me to sleep those important eight hours the night before a big exam．
A． Exercise cheers you up．
B． Exercise helps you get along well with people.
C． Exercise makes you believe in yourself.
D． Exercise helps you lower stress.
E． Exercise makes you feel strong， fit and healthy.
When he was nine years old，an American bey called Milo Cress had a question：How many plastic straws（吸管）do Americans use every day？
He quickly learned there wasn't a simple answer．The boy tried to find it out himself．Through lots of research，Cress found out that Americans use about 500 million straws every day．In hopes of cutting down plastic waste，he founded the Be Straw Free project in 2011．
Cress started the project in his hometown Burlington． Vermont． He asked a local restaurant to stop offering straws with every drink order． It was a simple change． However， it would save money．And by doing that， the restaurant would cut down on its straw use by 50 percent．
For the year that followed， Cress tried to spread his proicct across the United States． More and more restaurants agreed to join． They stop providing the customer with a straw unless he or she asks for one． Last April， Seattle became the first American city to completely ban plastic straws．
After his project became popular， Cress took his findings on the road． He has spoken to tens of thousands of students around the world． He wants to encourage more people to say no to plastic straws．
"Focusing on straws is one simple step we all could take，"Cress says．"And it makes me feel that I， as a kid， could make a difference， too．"
（1）Cress found out that Americans use straws every day．
A． about 50 million
B． about 500 million
C． about 10 million
（2）Cress founded the Be Straw Free project in order to ．
A． save money
B． become popular
C． cut down plastic waste
（3）Which American city first completely banned plastic straws？
A． Burlington．
B． New York．
C． Seattle．
（4）What does the sentence "Cress took his findings on the road"mean？
A． Cress took a walk on the road．
B．Cress spread his project around the world．
C． Cress was doing his research all the time．
（5）According to the last paragraph， Cress thinks ．
A．he could be famous
B．he has made much money through his project
C． he could also do something meaningful although he is a child
Some bad habits are making you grow old fast．Cut down the following habits today for a more beautiful，healthier tomorrow．
◆Waiting for your sadness to go away
Sadness isn't just uncomfortable；it also makes you become older fast．Take your mental（精神的）health as seriously as your physical health．If you've been fighting with your sadness for more than two weeks，be sure to find professional help．Paying no attention to your sadness or just waiting without doing anything can do harm to your mental health and make you older．
◆Having a cigarette or two on weekends
If you smoke only when you are with your friends on weekends，can you keep away from the harmful effects of smoking？The answer is""．Smoking can break down your skin's elasticity（弹性）．Your smoking habit may even make your hair become gray．Changing your smoking habit is changing your life．
◆Having a long to do list day after day
It's natural to have a to﹣do list in our "go，go，go" daily life．But if you're always running from one thing to the next，and caught in too much business，you are turning older fast，because your too long to﹣do list makes you tired and under lots of stress．Stress can cause heart disease high， blood pressure and other physical diseases．It can also cause mental health problems or make the problems worse and worse．
（1）请将文中划线句子翻译成汉语．
（2）If you can't get out of your sadness，what should you do？
（3）What are the harmful effects of smoking？
（4）List two kinds of physical diseases that can be caused by stress．
（5）What's the author's purpose in writing the passage？
What do you do with your rubbish？Throw it out？You don't know what you're missing!Look closely at the two figures on your left.They were made from things most people throw away.The figures were made from used bottle caps.Those two bottle﹣cap figures were exhibited （展示） in a museum.
Folk art is art made by common people who have not been trained as artists.Their work is often based on traditions in their culture.Fine art，on the other hand，is usually made by people who have had training in art.Works of fine art are valued for their artistic beauty.They are supposed to be looked at but not used.Works of folk art，however，are often made for everyday use.
There were more than 800 pieces of folk art from nearly 50 countries in the exhibition.All of the pieces were made from used metal，wood，cloth，and plastic.The artists come from many different cultures.Still，they all share one thing.They take objects that are normally thrown away and change them into objects that are beautiful，useful，and fun.The artists may not think of what they do as recycling，but that's exactly what it is.Fine artists might work with expensive materials.They might use expensive tools to shape these materials into works of art.On the other hand，in poor countries rubbish might be the only material folk artists and toy makers can afford.The exhibition shows that a rich imagination is very important when there are only poor materials.Recycled art began long before people began to think about recycling.Some of the objects in the exhibition date from the 1930s.
Even if you don't create art out of rubbish，it's good to save our natural resources.Remember the three rules：reduce，reuse，recycle.If you reduce waste，true things instead of throwing them out，and recycle materials such as paper，plastic，and glass，you will protect the environment.
（1）Which idea belongs in the empty box？
Conclusion （结论） |
Details |
Art based on cultural traditions |
|
Art made for everyday use |
|
Art made with used materials |
A.Folk art is made by people who are not trained artists.
B.The artists come from many different cultures.
C.Recycled art began long before people started recycling.
（2）What can we learn from Paragraph 3？
A.There was more than 800 pieces of fine art.
B.Folk artists can't shape expensive materials into works of art.
C.Poor materials also can be made into works of art.
（3）What is the same thing of the pieces in the exhibition share？
A.They are all woks of fine art.
B.They are all made from used materials.
C.They are all made by the trained artists.
（4）What can we do to protect our environment？
A.Throw away used materials.
B.Only use expensive materials.
C.Recycle materials.
（5）Which of the following would be the best title for the passage？
A.Used Bottle Caps
B.The Art of Recycling
C.A Museum Exhibition
No one wakes up feeling happy every day．Very happy people are not different．They never stop trying to be happy．Here are some of the habits of happy people．
◆ They slow down．
Sometimes we think too much．（1） Happy people know how to enjoy the taste of their meal ，enjoy the world's colors ，even just step outside to enjoy fresh air．
◆ （2）
Getting your body moving for as little as 10 minutes can make you happy．Happy people exercise regularly and follow through on it because they know it will help them get in good mood （情绪） and stay in good mood．
◆ They spend money on other people．
Research shows that spending money on others makes you much happier than spending it on yourself．This is especially true of small things that show effort ， such as going out of your way to buy your friend a book that you know he or she will like．
◆ They get enough sleep．
（3） Your energy ，attention and memory all go down when you don't sleep well．Happy people make sleep a first thing of all．
◆ They have deep conversations．
Happy people know that happiness and depth go hand﹣in﹣hand．They avoid saying mean things about people．（4） They talk with others on a deeper level ， because they know doing it feels good and is an interesting way to learn．
根据短文内容，从下列选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项．
A． They exercise．
B． Happiness makes you creative．
C． We don't have time to look around．
D． Instead ，they focus on meaningful relationships．
E． When you sleep ，your brain restarts and cleans itself．
Here at Nature Loving Kids，we know how much you want to make a positive（积极的）difference to our world!So，read on to find out how to protect our earth…
| Save energy and water! - On a fine and clear day，hang things outside to dry!This saves energy that would have been used on the dryer（烘干机）. - If you can，try cycling，walking，or using public transport to get out and about，instead of using the car. - Turn the taps（水龙头）off while brushing your teeth，and take short showers of four minutes or less! |
Be an advocate（倡导者）! - Share your knowledge with others，and help them become eco﹣heroes too!It takes lots of people working together to make changes happen - so share，share，share! |
| Reduce，reuse，recycle! - Before you throw something away，stop and think about what else it could be used for! |
Be friendly to wildlife! - Make your garden wildlife﹣friendly!You could build a bee hotel，or even create a pool. - If you own a cat that goes outdoors，put a bell around its neck so that vulnerablewildlife can hear it coming and make their escape! |
What else can you do to make the world better？
Now，get out there and save the world - you can do it!
（1）To save energy or water，you'd better .
| A． |
dry things in the sun |
| B． |
drive a car to work |
| C． |
take long showers |
| D． |
brush teeth with water running |
（2）To call on more people to work together，you should .
| A． |
save energy and water |
| B． |
be an advocate |
| C． |
reduce，reuse and recycle |
| D． |
be friendly to wildlife |
（3）What does the underlined word " vulnerable" mean in Chinese？
| A． |
野生的. |
| B． |
家养的. |
| C． |
强壮的. |
| D． |
弱小的. |
（4）The purpose of the passage is to .
| A． |
help the kids learn English |
| B． |
help people learn more about kids |
| C． |
teach kids how to keep animals |
| D． |
tell the kids how to protect the earth |
（5）This passage is from .
| A． |
a guidebook |
| B． |
a science book |
| C． |
a website |
| D． |
a newspaper |
Every day there is less and less space on Earth for rubbish． Yet every day we make more and more rubbish． What can we do？ We can recycle some of our rubbish． Recycling means that the rubbish will be made into something that can be used again．
Recycling helps Earth． And it saves space in rubbish dumps． Half of everything that we put into landfills could be recycled instead． In fact， most things made of paper， metal， glass and plastic can be recycled．
Paper can be broken into small pieces and made into new paper． Steel and aluminum cans（金属雄）can be melted down（熔化）and made into new cans． The same is true of glass bottles． This can be done aver and over again． Recycling doesn't take as much energy as making these things the first time． So we can use less of Earth's fuel resources．
Plastic can be melted down， too． Then it can be formed into park benches， playgrounds and so on． Some people call plastic the "wood" of the future． Things made of plastic will last about 400 years﹣even if they stay outside in the weather． No wood can do that!
（1）The underlined word "landfills" in Paragraph 2 probably means ．
A． bench factories
B． places for rubbish
C． green mountains
D． recycling centres
（2）According to the passage， what happens last to the can？
A． The can is put into a recycling bin．
B． The can is melted down and reused．
C． A steel can gets filled with corn．
D． A person uses the corn in the can．
（3）What is the main idea of the passage？
A． Cans should be melted down．
B． Old newspapers can be reused．
C． We can build benches that last 400 years．
D． We should recycle everything that we can．
The Garbage （垃圾） Project started at the University of Arizona in 1973． Since then， the students and teachers in it have studied the modern garbage in different cities．
To study the garbage， the students had to travel to landfills （填埋场） ， the places where cities bury （填埋） their garbage． While the students were studying the garbage they wore special clothes． Students were very careful when they opened bags of garbage．
One important thing the students have learned from studying the garbage is that the garbage in landfills disappears very slowly． That was surprising to both the students and many scientists who had thought that about 70% of the garbage in landfills would disappear quickly． Even in cities where it rains a lot， the students found newspapers from 1948， 40﹣year﹣old hot dogs， and vegetables from 1970． And the students also found many more empty bottles of cola than they expected．
How to dispose of our garbage well depends on what kind of garbage it is： regular（普通的） garbage， dangerous materials， or recyclable materials， such as newspapers and glass bottles． Regular garbage goes to regular landfills． Dangerous materials are harmful to people's health and the environment． They shouldn't go into regular landfills．
Homes are full of dangerous waste． One kind of the dangerous waste in homes is batteries． When batteries are buried directly（直接地）in a landfill， they often break open． The poison inside them moves through rain water to the bottom of the landfill． Then it can pollute the natural water in the ground．
Another dangerous waste from homes is motor oil． When people pour old motor oil on the ground or throw it in the garbage， it pollutes the environment．
Our garbage problem is not new， but as the world's population continues to grow， it will become a bigger and bigger problem．
（1）The Garbage Project started at the University of Arizona in ．
A． 1973
B． 1970
C． 1948
D． 1940
（2）To study the modern garbage， the students had to do many things except ．
A． Wearing special clothes
B． traveling to landfills
C． burying the garbage themselves
D． opening bags of garbage
（3）The underlined words "dispose of" in Paragraph 4 means ．
A． crash into
B． deal with
C． worry about
D． put up
（4）From the article， we know old motor oil ．
A． should go to regular landfills
B． isn't harmful garbage
C． mustn't be poured on the ground
D． never pollutes the environment
（5）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage？
A． There are only two kinds of dangerous waste in homes．
B． Scientists thought about 70% of the garbage in landfills would disappear slowly．
C． The students found empty bottles of cola were not as many as they expected．
D． Batteries often break open when they are buried directly in a landfill．
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