When you feel a sneeze（喷嚏）or cough coming on， covering your mouth prevents the spread of germs（细菌）． You probably knew that．
But how to cover your mouth is very important． You might use tissues（纸巾）， and put your used tissues into the bin． "If you don't have tissues， you should sneeze into your elbow， not your hand， even if you are used to doing that．" The doctors advised．
"If somebody sneezes into his hands， those germs will be passed on to other people， or other objects that people touch．" said Dr． Hill．
Germs are most commonly spread by sneezing and coughing． When they land on your hands， they are passed from hands to things like money， door knobs（扶手）， elevator buttons（电梯按钮）and other surfaces． At the same time， the people around you can touch them．
This isn't nagging（唠叨）． The Centers for Disease Control also suggest that sneezing and coughing into your elbow is necessary． Even the New York City subway officers ask the passengers to "cough or sneeze into elbow or use a tissue．"
"The suggestion was taken seriously about 10 years ago． However， most people didn't pay much attention to it． That means the adults may have missed the advice． But children are often taught in school the right way to cough or sneeze．" Dr Benjamin said．
To be clear， people can't keep away from all the risks in this way， but it's the best choice． At the same time， we'd better wear masks（口罩） and often wash our hands． "Hand washing is one of the most important things people can do to keep healthy．" Dr． Hill said．
（1）According to this passage， when sneezing or coughing， you'd better NOT ．
A． sneeze into your elbow
B． cover your mouth with tissues
C． use your hand to cover mouth
D． put the used tissues in the bin
（2）If you sneeze or cough into hands， germs can spread through the following activities EXCEPT ．
（3）Which is NOT true according to the passage ？
A． The New York City subway officers ask passengers to use a tissue．
B． The adult may be used to sneezing into their elbow．
C． The children are often taught in school the right way to cough or sneeze．
D． Wearing masks is a good way to keep away from germs．
（4）What's the main purpose of this article ？
A．To tell us the correct way to cover mouth when sneezing or coughing．
B．To tell us how to prevent the spread of germs．
C．To tell us it's necessary to sneeze or cough into elbow．
D．To tell us how to keep away from all risks．
（5）In which layout（版面） of the newspaper can we find this kind of passage ？
A． Health．
B． Sports．
C． Business．
D． Education．
It is a thousand kilometers across that desert (沙漠) . The road is nearly good all the way.
Sometimes there is deep sand. A driver must then put his foot down hard and drive through! There are three small ___ along the way. Tom reached the first place, at 10 p.m. He had his ____ in a little restaurant there. It was a warm night in August. Tom wanted to ____ through the night.
He left the restaurant at 11:30 and drove over two hours. There wasn’t the moon, but the ___ were wonderful. There was nothing else on the road. Tom thought, ‘It’s an empty desert. Not a tree. Not a house. Not a man.’ He could __ the endless, white road in the cars’ headlights. A million stars looked down on him. It was two o’clock in the morning. Tom stopped the car. He was two hundred kilometers from the ___ _ town. ‘ I will light the cooker,’ he thought, ‘ and make some tea.’ He got out of the car. He heard some sounds ten or fifteen meters ___ __. He could not see anything in the darkness. A man said, ‘ Good morning. It’s a __ __ morning, isn’t it?’ The man came forward, out of the darkness. Tom did not move. Then the man said, ‘ You’re going to ___ _ some tea, aren’t you? I often get a cup of tea at this time. It’s two o’clock. Cars always ____ __ near here at this time. Sometimes I get a meal. Now listen, and I will tell you a story. Then you will give me..’
A．cities B．hotels C．villages D．towns
A．tea B．supper C．lunch D．breakfast
A．live B．stay C．drive D．walk
A．trees B．animals C．stars D．clouds
A．see B．ride C．hear D．find
A．home B．other C．next D．last
A．about B．from C．far D．away
A．noisy B．lovely C．sleepy D．sunny
A．eat B．make C．cook D．drink
A．stop B．leave C．meet D．run
Rethink， Reuse， Recycle!
Do you often throw away things you don't need anymore？ Have you ever thought about how these things can actually be put to good use？ Nothing is a waste if you have a creative mind．
You have probably never heard of Amy Hayes， but she is a most unusual woman． She lives in a house in the UK that she built herself out of rubbish． The windows and doors come from old buildings around her town that were pulled down． The top of the house is an old boat turned upside down． And the gate in front of her house is made of rocks and old glass bottles． Amy recently won a prize from the Help Save Our Planet Society． The president said， "Amy is an inspiration to us all．"
Amy isn't the only one who is good al recycling． Jessica Wong from Hong Kong uses old clothes that people don't wear anymore to make bags． She has been doing this for a few years now． She opened a small shop where she sells her bags， and she has also set up a website to sell them online． She especially likes to use old jeans to make handbags． Her bags are cute and useful． "I plan to write a book about new ways to use old clothes，" she said． "I hope people can read my book and enjoy it!"
Wang Tao set up a small business in Shanghai four years ago． He is known for using iron and other materials from old cars to make beautiful art pieces． Some are large pieces that look like animals or humans， and some are smaller pieces you can put at home． The more popular works can even be seen in art shops around the city． Wang Tao hopes to set up a "metal art" theme park to show people the importance of environmental protection． Not only can the art bring happiness to others， but it also shows that even cold， hard iron can be back to life with a little creativity．
| Rethink， Reuse， Recycle! |
Amy Hayes from the UK |
★Build a house by using rubbish． ★Win （1） from the Help Save Our Planet Society． |
| Jessica Wong from HK |
★Make bags （2） ． ★Set up a website to sell them． ★Plan （3） about how to use old clothes． |
|
| Wang Tao in （4） ． |
★Use iron and other materials from old cars to make art pieces． ★Hope to set up（5） to show people the importance of environmental protection． |
完形填空(本大题有10小题。每小题1分，共10分)
通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在各小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。将其字母编号填写在答卷相应题目的答题位置上。若用答题卡答题，则将答题卡上对应是目所选的选项涂黑。
All living things on the earth need other living things to live with. Nothing lives . Sometimes one living thing kills . Each kind of life eats another kind of life live, and together they form a food chain(食物链). Some food chains are simple, while others are not. But food chains begin with the sun, and all food chains become if one of the links disappears.
All life needs sunlight to live on. But only plants can use directly(直接地). They make food from sunlight, water, air and so on. Animals can only use the sun’s energy it has been changed into food by plants. Some animals feed directly on plants. Others eat smaller animals. Meat-eating animals are only plants indirectly.
What about human beings? We are members of many food chains. We eat wheat, rice, vegetables, fruit and so on. We also eat meat and drink milk. But often break up the food chains. They kill wild animals. They also make rivers, lakes and seas dirty. When these rivers, lakes and seas are polluted, the fish in them be eaten. If people eat the fish, they will get strange diseases.
Each form of life is linked to all the others. Breaking the links puts all life in danger.
A．alone B．lonely C．together D．happily
A．other B．the other C．another D．the others
A．for B．so that C．and D．in order to
A．any B．all C．some D．most
A．better B．broken C．stronger D．nicer
A．moonlight B．laser light C．sunlight D．bright light
A．after B．before C．until D．by the time
A．making B．catching C．eating D．feeding
A．sunlight B．animals C．plants D．people
A．can B．cannot C．must D．needn’t
Pollution is one of the biggest problems in the world today.In many places，rubbish is thrown into lakes and rivers.（1）
In some cities，the air is filled with pollution.（2） If it is not cleaned up，more people will be hurt.
（3） Land and water pollution kills many animals every year.
If we do not act to improve the environment，more living things will be killed by pollution.
（4）
We should separate rubbish into different groups.In this way，it can be recycled and reused.We had better plant more trees.（5） What's more，we shouldn't put the waste into lakes or rivers.
If we can do these，we will make the world a better place to live in.
A.This makes some old people and children ill. B.As well as people，animals are also harmed by pollution. C.We can make our lakes and rivers cleaner and cleaner. D.It's time for all of us to take action right away! E.Because of this，these places have already been polluted. F.Trees reduce dust and help keep the air clean. G.A few of us should take action to protect the environment. |
After the earthquake, many people came to a young house, and they saw her dead body. But her pose (姿势) was very . She knelt (跪下) on her knees, and her body was leaning forward and her two hands were holding . Her back and head were under the broken house.
many difficulties, one person put his hand through a narrow gap（缝隙）to the woman’s body. He was that the woman still be alive. , the body was cold. But he tried to find something. , he shouted, “ A child! There is a child!”
All the people worked together. They moved the things around the woman. There was a little boy under his mother’s dead body. The woman made a sacrifice(牺牲) her son. her house was falling, she used her body to make her son safe.
The doctor came quickly to examine the little boy. He a cell phone inside the boy’s clothes. There was a text on the phone. It , “ Dear baby, if you live, always remember that I love you.”
A．girl’s B．boy’s C．woman’s D．man’s
A．sad B．exciting C．interesting D．strange
A．everything B．something C．anything D．nothing
A．With B．Without C．For D．In
A．catch B．reach C．hold D．put
A．wanting B．thinking C．hoping D．believing
A．So B．But C．And D．However
A．Suddenly B．Surprisingly C．Luckily D．Sadly
A．happy B．dead C．worried D．surprised
A．3-months-old B．3-month-olds C．3-month-old D．3 month old
A．to save B．to catch C．to feed D．to hold
A．When B．As soon as C．But D．Then
A．lost B．picked C．saw D．kept
A．word B．expression C．sentence D．message
A．saw B．written C．read D．says
It is everyone's duty to help animals to stop extinction （灭绝）． As a student， there are so many things you can do yourself too! Please look at the following tips （建议） to help the endangered animals．
Send a letter to your local environment protecting center and show how you feel about the quick extinction of animals． Use the facts to write what you have found． Give some advice to the officers who make the strong rules to save animals．
Draw pictures and make a poster． Put this poster somewhere at school or where people will usually see it． Add some texts in the sign to make it clear why you care about the loss （丧失） of animals． It may encourage people to do something to protect the animals．
Avoid buying things that come from endangered species （物种）． When you travel， be careful about what you buy． You shouldn't buy things made from endangered animals or endangered tree species from forests that the animals live on．
Watch your diet． Before eating meals， you should see if you will break a food chain． If you see somebody doing something bad for the food chain， please stop him at once．
（1）Who make rules to save the endangered animals？
（2）Where should we put the poster？
（3）Is it right to buy a gift made of ivory （象牙） while travelling？
（4）Why should we watch our diet？
（5）What is the writer's purpose according to the passage？
The problems with the environment are becoming more and more serious．You may think it is the government's job to take action and it is difficult for the individual（个人）to protect the environment．In fact， there are several easy things that can be done to make a difference．
You can start your cation by learning to recycle． Although this appears really simple，there are many people who still throw glass bottles and metal cans（金属罐）into their common rubbish bins．Do you notice that our government has put many special rubbish bins in public places？They all have glass and metal recycling signs．If you spend a few seconds washing the cans and bottles and put them into the rubbish bin， you will be on the path to protect the environment．
One more big waste product is newspaper． Most people will take their newspapers and throw them into rubbish bins when they finish reading them．In fact，there are many other things you can do with an old newspaper． For example，newspapers are something useful for a perfect shine．
What else you can do is walking a bit more． Many people usually get into their cars and drive one block to get cola at the local shop．If you walk to the shop，you can not only spend less time，because you needn't try to find a parking place，but you will save money on oil． If you wish to save even more on oil，take the chance to share the same car with others．
根据上面短文内容填空
71．The environment is getting ．Though individual power is small，you can do several things to make a difference．
72．The government has put many special with glass and metal recycling signs in public places to get people waste like glass bottles and metal cans．
73．The writer thinks are another big waste product and he advises people to use newspapers to
74．Walking to the local shop instead of driving can not only save your but also your_____
75．In this passage，the three examples tell you that protecting the environment is not as as you imagine and that is a way to protect the environment．
In 1988，Wang Chengbang retired（退休）from the army.Instead of enjoying a relaxing life，he volunteered to save the soil from desertification（沙漠化）by planting trees in Korla，Xinjiang.
It is no easy job.The high temperature in Korla makes it difficult for anyone to work day after day in the sunshine.Besides，water is a big problem.In fact，Wang Chengbang's work in the first few years failed as very few trees survived（存活）.
But Wang Chengbang would not give up."After trying many different ways，I have learned how to grow young trees in a better way，" said Wang Chengbang.He also worked out new ways to save water.With his hard work，more and more trees have survived.So far，he has planted more than 1.5 million trees.Those green trees prevent desertification，make the air cleaner and protect people from the hot sun.Now，Korla is a model city in environmental protection.
Wang Chengbang is also successful in fighting cancer（癌症）.In 2005，he had cancer and was told that he had only six months to live.However，he continued taking care of his trees rather than lying on the hospital bed."Working is the best medicine.Planting trees helps to fight cancer，" he often jokes.
Now，at the age of 85，Wang Chengbang is still working.
（1）Is it an easy job for Wang Chengbang to plant trees？
（2）How many trees has Wang Chengbang planted so far？
（3）What is Wang Chengbang successful in？
（4）In the summer holiday，do you want to be a volunteer to work with Wang Chengbang？Why or why not？
Do video games do harm to our children？Today，many children spend a lot of their free time playing games on the Internet.In the UK，99%of kids aged8 to 15 play video games every week.This information tells us that the benefits and dangers of video games must be carefully considered.
For many people，video games are fun.They have bright lights，funny cartoons and exciting stories.Everywhere you look，you can see children playing these games.They play on buses and trains，in restaurants and even at school.
Video games are educational too.They make kids think in a creative way and theyhave to move their hands and eyes quickly.This can improve the way that a child's brain works.What's more，video games make children use their imagination.The player has to do many creative things，like drawing，telling stories and building things.Video games are also a good way to teach children about technology because they can learn how computers and other devices work while they play.
However，a recent study suggests that video games can also be bad for children.First，children can download many games for free.This means that parents often don't know if their children are playing violent or scary games.Second，many children spend too much time playing games on computers and this can lead to health problems.Third，if children spend too much time playing games instead of doing homework，they can have problems at school and get bad grades.Finally，video games can affect children's social skills.If children spend too much time playing video games by themselves，they might not learn how to play with their friends.
In conclusion，it seems clear that video games have some advantages and some disadvantages.It is up to parents to know what games their children are playing and how much time they spend on them.Parents should also make sure their children get enough exercise and spend time with other children.
（1）The underlined word "they" in Paragraph 3 refers to .
| A． |
kids |
| B． |
computers |
| C． |
video games |
| D． |
playmates |
（2）Which disadvantages of video games are mentioned in the passage？
a.Result in bad grades.
b.Make kids feel bored.
c.Lead to health problems.
d.Affect children's social skills.
e.Cause problems between parents and kids.
| A． |
c，d，e |
| B． |
b，d，e |
| C． |
a，c，d |
| D． |
a，b，c |
（3）In the writer's opinion， should play an important role in video games play for kids.
| A． |
family |
| B． |
society |
| C． |
schools |
| D． |
game companies |
（4）What's the structure of the passage？
| A． |
|
| B． |
|
| C． |
|
| D． |
|
Here at Nature Loving Kids，we know how much you want to make a positive（积极的）difference to our world!So，read on to find out how to protect our earth…
| Save energy and water! - On a fine and clear day，hang things outside to dry!This saves energy that would have been used on the dryer（烘干机）. - If you can，try cycling，walking，or using public transport to get out and about，instead of using the car. - Turn the taps（水龙头）off while brushing your teeth，and take short showers of four minutes or less! |
Be an advocate（倡导者）! - Share your knowledge with others，and help them become eco﹣heroes too!It takes lots of people working together to make changes happen - so share，share，share! |
| Reduce，reuse，recycle! - Before you throw something away，stop and think about what else it could be used for! |
Be friendly to wildlife! - Make your garden wildlife﹣friendly!You could build a bee hotel，or even create a pool. - If you own a cat that goes outdoors，put a bell around its neck so that vulnerablewildlife can hear it coming and make their escape! |
What else can you do to make the world better？
Now，get out there and save the world - you can do it!
（1）To save energy or water，you'd better .
| A． |
dry things in the sun |
| B． |
drive a car to work |
| C． |
take long showers |
| D． |
brush teeth with water running |
（2）To call on more people to work together，you should .
| A． |
save energy and water |
| B． |
be an advocate |
| C． |
reduce，reuse and recycle |
| D． |
be friendly to wildlife |
（3）What does the underlined word " vulnerable" mean in Chinese？
| A． |
野生的. |
| B． |
家养的. |
| C． |
强壮的. |
| D． |
弱小的. |
（4）The purpose of the passage is to .
| A． |
help the kids learn English |
| B． |
help people learn more about kids |
| C． |
teach kids how to keep animals |
| D． |
tell the kids how to protect the earth |
（5）This passage is from .
| A． |
a guidebook |
| B． |
a science book |
| C． |
a website |
| D． |
a newspaper |
Dogs might have the latest tools in the fight against cancer （癌症）：their noses!Researchers at California's Pine Street Foundation （PSF） say they have trained five dogs to smell cancer on a prison's breath.This could be exciting news.
A dog's sense of smell may be 10，000 to 100，000 times stronger than ours.But can dogs really smell illness？PSF researcher Michael McCulloch says yes. "We were very surprised by how exact they were，" he said. "They were telling who had cancer，and they were also saying who didn't."
McCulloch and his team asked four healthy people and one with cancer to blow into plastic tubes （塑料管）.Special materials in the tubes kept the things of each breath.The tubes were then placed one yard apart.Finally the dogs were allowed to smell the tubes.Each dog had been trained for three weeks to sit when it smelled cancer.Ninety﹣nine percent of the time，the dog sat next to the tubes blown into by patients with lung cancer.The dogs were right 88 percent of the time about breast cancer.
| Dogs in the Pine Street Foundation test were trained to sit when they smelled cancer.How well did they perform？Take a look at this chart to find out. |
||
| Breath Sample |
Number of Times the Dogs Sat Down |
Number of Times the Dogs Kept Standing |
| Breath from lung cancer patients |
564 |
10 |
| Breath from healthy persons |
4 |
720 |
No lab test for cancer has given more correct results than this test.The results are so amazing that many experts question the dogs' smelling power.They wonder if there were other reasons why the dogs did so well.For example，they thought the way the dog trainers behaved could have influenced how the dogs acted.However，most experts agree that this study is important.The information could help scientists create a simple breath test for cancer in the future.Once again humans may be getting a helping paw or nose﹣from their best animal friends.
（1）What's the latest tool a dog might have in the fight against cancer？
A.Tooth.
B.Nose.
C.Ear.
（2）What happened first in the Pine Street Foundation test？
A.The dogs were trained.
B.The tubes were placed one yard apart.
C.The dogs smelled the tubes.
（3）What was a dog supposed to do when it smelled cancer？
A.Smell again.
B.Turn around.
C.Sit down.
（4）Look at the chart.How many times did the dogs keep standing when they smelled the breath from healthy persons？
A.Less than 10 times.
B.Almost 600 times.
C.About 700 times.
（5）Why do many experts question the dog's smelling power？
A.Because no lab test for cancer has given more correct results.
B.Because the dog trainers influenced how the dogs acted.
C.Because they don't think this study is important.
The world uses about a thousand million （百万） tons of water a day． Water is a human right and everyone should have their share． Yet more than 700 million people around the world have trouble getting clean， safe water．
Treating wastewater is a good way to provide fresh water for us． And it also helps the environment by keeping waste out of rivers and oceans． 80% of wastewater around the world is not treated at all， and it is running into oceans．
But now we have got the technology to treat and reuse the wastewater．
While 75% of our planet is covered with water， only about 2% is fresh water﹣that comes from rivers， lakes， ice and snow． The rest， 98% of the water， is in seas and oceans． It is too salty to drink． Then desalinationbusinesses come in． More than 19.000 factories have been built around the world， mostly in coastal countries． They process（加工） more than 92 million tons of water every day． But the technology they use requires a lot of energy．
Scientists are working to create a less costly technology． They want to produce 20 times more clean water and make sure everyone has enough． But for now， the world still faces each day with not having enough water for everyone．
（1）How many people have trouble in getting clean water around the world？
A． Under 10 million．
B． Only 19 million．
C． About 92 million．
D． Over 700 million．
（2）Treating waste water helps the environment by ．
A． storing waste in ice and snow
B． letting waste run into oceans
C． keeping waste out of rivers and oceans
D． sending waste to coastal countries
（3）What does the underlined word "desalination" in Paragraph 3 mean？
A． 远洋运输
B． 潮汐发电
C． 食盐销售
D． 海水淡化
（4）At present， the technology to process water ．
A． needs much energy
B． saves much money
C． satisfies everyone
D． causes pollution
（5）What can we infer from the last paragraph？
A． Water should be a human right．
B． The water problem is still serious．
C． Our planet is covered with water．
D． Everyone has enough clean water．
In the year of 2020， the coronavirus（新冠病毒）out broke（爆发）all over the world． A lot of people suffered from（遭受……折磨）a fever or a cough． Don't be afraid． Here is some advice to help you protect yourself．
Wash your hands． You need to wash your hands with soap and water before you eat， after you use the toilet， and after you touch animals， because your hands may carry viruses （病毒）．Cover your nose and mouth． When someone sneezes（打喷嚏）or coughs，the viruses can travel as far as one meter through the air，so you'd better stand a proper distance while talking to someone who has a cold． And always cover your mouth and nose with a piece of paper when you sneeze or cough，and then clean your hands． Wear a mask（口罩）． Some doctors say that masks can stop the virus as much as 80%， but if you don't wash your hands often， it's no use wearing a mask． So it's necessary to wear the mask in the groups of people．
Do sports often． Exercises will help make your body strong enough to resist（抵抗）the virus．
How to protect yourself from the corona virus |
|
Wash your hands． |
● （1） you eat． ● After you use the toilet． ● After you（2） ． |
Cover your nose and mouth． |
● When someone sneezes or coughs， you'd better stand a proper distance while talking to someone． ● Always cover your nose and mouth with a piece of（3） when you sneeze or cough． |
（4） ． |
It's necessary to wear the mask in the groups of people． Masks can stop the virus as much as 80% |
Do sports often． |
Exercises will help make your body（5） enough to resist the virus． |
October 21，2013was an unforgettable day．Harbin had to close roads and schools，and stopped hundreds of flights from its airport，because the air pollution was so bad there．
News reports said the smog （雾霾） was so thick that people couldn't see more than 10or 20meters in front of them．The city's website said："You can't see your own fingers in front of you．"The local people said there was a"burning"smell in the air．Many people covered their noses and mouths with scarves．
The pollution was caused for the following reasons：farmers burnt off corn stalks （称）；the people burnt coal （煤） for heating and winds were low，which allowed the smoke to remain over the city．
Harbin has a population of more than 10million people．It lies in northeastern China，where cold winter weather can last six months．The main fuel （燃料）there is coal，because it is cheaper than other types of fuel．
Air pollution from burning coal can cause health problem like heart disease．During the smog days in Harbin，the number of people taken to the hospital with breathing problems was 30% higher than usual．
The local government is trying to use less coal by adding much better roofs and windows to building to cut heating needs．It has also used cleaner fuel for cars and factories．
66．Which of the following sentence is the best for the blank （ 横线）in paragraph 2？
| A． |
They could not even see the person standing next to them． |
| B． |
They lived a healthy and happy life． |
| C． |
They got up a little earlier than before to enjoy fresh air． |
| D． |
They could hear each other clearly． |
67．What is talked about in paragraph 3？
| A． |
The people of the city． |
| B． |
The food of the city． |
| C． |
The reason for the pollution． |
| D． |
The life of the farmers． |
68．Coal is the main fuel in Harbin，because
| A． |
coal is richer in Harbin． |
| B． |
coal is cheaper in Harbin． |
| C． |
coal is greener in Harbin． |
| D． |
coal is clean in Harbin． |
69．How does the local government cut heating needs？
| A． |
By using cleaner fuel for cars and factories． |
| B． |
By burning off corn stalks and coal． |
| C． |
By stopping hundreds of flights from its airport． |
| D． |
By add much better roofs and windows to buildings． |
70．What's the best title （标题） of the passage？
| A． |
The air pollution in Harbin． |
| B． |
The water pollution in Harbin． |
| C． |
The noise pollution in Harbin． |
| D． |
The land pollution in Harbin． |
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