初中英语说明文试题

Happiness is important for everyone. Most people want to be happy, but few know how to find happiness. Money and success alone do not bring lasting happiness. Happiness depends on ourselves. In other words, we make our own happiness. Here are a few ways to help you be happier.
The first secret of happiness is to enjoy the simple things in life. Too often, we spend so much time thinking about the future—for example, getting into college or getting a good job-that we fail to enjoy the present. You should enjoy life’s simple pleasures, such as reading a good book, listening to your favorite music, or spending time with close friends. People who have several close friends tend(有……打算) to live happier and healthier lives.
The second secret to leading a happy life is to be active. Many people experience this, dancing or playing a sport. You can forget about your problems, and only think about the activity.
Finally, many people find happiness in helping others. According to studies, people feel good when they volunteer their time to do many meaningful things for other people. If you want to feel happier, do something nice for someone.
Title;

What happiness depends on?	Happiness depends on ______
_ to be happy ,	To enjoy_____in life.
To be active.
_.
Conclusion	Happiness is important for everyone and we make happiness by ourselves.

My name is Daisy. Let me tell you something about my family. I live w______ my mother and father in a flat. The flat is on the fifth floor of a tall building. There are 14 f______ and a parking garage(车库) in the basement(地下室). My father parks his car there.
Our flat is not in the center of the city. It is 2 miles from the center. My father works in the city, so he goes to work by bus every day. He doesn’t drive his car. He uses his car only on weekends. He takes us to the country or to the beach.
Our flat has three bedrooms. There is a bedroom for my mother and father, one for me and one for my brother. There is a living room, a kitchen and a bathroom. 我们没有花园，但有一个小阳台。 There are some plants on the balcony. In summer we often sit out on the balcony because it gets very hot inside the flat. Our flat is small, but we are very happy in it.
在文中空格处甜如适当的单词：__________, __________.
回答问题”Where does his father park his car?”：
______________________________________________
在文中找出”There are three bedrooms in our flat.”的同义句：
__________________________________
将文中的汉语翻译成英语：
________________________________________________________________
在文中找出或写出该短文的主题：__________________________________

人人都有朋友 初中三年同学之间结下深厚的友谊。假设你叫张华，你的笔友李敏在下面这封信中介绍了他的学友，请你写一封70 词左右的回信，说说你好友的基本情况和兴趣爱好。
注意：1、回信的开头和结尾已给出.但不计入总词数：
2、信中请勿使用朋友的真实校名和姓名
Dear Zhang Hua.
How are you? In this letter I’d like to say something about my best friend.
My best friend is Gao Jun. He is fifteen. He is tall with short hair. We are in the same class.
Gao Jun is smart and friendly in class, he listens to the teachers carefully At home, he often helps his mother with housework He does well in all his lessons. And he is always ready to help others. So, everyone in our class likes him
Gao Jun seems to have a special interest in writing. He wants to be a writer in the future.
Both of us like playing basketball .We usually play it after class. We feel happy when we are together. I think we will be good friends forever.
What about your best friend? Can you tell me something about him( her)?
Yours.
Li Min.
Dear Li Min.
Thank you for telling me so much about your best friend Gao Jun.
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
Yours.
Zhang Hua

Big Ben is not the name of a man. It is the name of a big clock in London. London is the capital of England. This clock has four faces. So, no matter （无论）where you stand, you can read the time on the face of Big Ben. Each face is the size of a bus. The hands are about four meters long. It is about the size of two people standing on top each other. If you go to London, you may want to visit the Houses of Parliament. （国会大厦）In that place you will find Big Ben sits at the top of the clock tower in the Houses of Parliament. You will probably hear it and see it. The big clock makes such a loud noise. “Ding dong, ding dong.” It goes, every quarter of an hour. The name of Big Ben comes from a big builder. 
Big Ben is _____.    

A．a bus

B．a clock

C．the name of Ben

D．a house

Big Ben is in _______. 

A．China

B．the USA

C．Japan

D．the UK

The clock strikes (敲；打) every _______ minutes of an hour.

A．ten

B．fifteen

C．thirty

D．forty-five

You can read the time of Big Ben _______.

A．at the top of the clock tower	B．in the Houses of Parliament
C．on the hands of the huge clock	D．on the four faces of the clock

The underlined (划线部分) word “ hands” means ___ in Chinese.

A．手

B．标志

C．指针

D．发条

We are a bilingual(双语)school for children of 6-15. We want a cook(厨师), a library assistant, a sports coach(教练)and a language teacher.

Job	Age	Language	Skill	Other terms
cook	25--40	Chinese	can cook Chinese food and Western food	healthy
library assistant	20--35	Chinese, English	has the knowledge on all kinds of books	careful
sports coach	20--40	Chinese, English	major in P.E.	healthy, strong
teacher	30--45	Chinese, English	major in English	———

Who can’t go to Sunny School?

A．A 4-year-old child．	B．An 11-year-old boy．
C．A 15-year-old girl．	D．An 8-year-old kid．

Who is not wanted by Sunny School?

A．A PE teacher.	B．An English teacher.
C．A library assistant.	D．A math teacher.

We know _____ may not(可以不用) speak English in Sunny School.

A．the sports coach	B．the cook
C．the library assistant	D．the language teacher

The coach must major in__________.

A．Chinese

B．English

C．food

D．P.E.

The Sunny School wants a teacher _______.

A．aged between 25 and 40	B．who can cook Western food
C．who is careful and strong	D．who can speak Chinese and English

Good evening, ladies and gentlemen. Welcome to the nine o’clock Mystery Hour. Today we’ll show you two British stories. We hope you’ll enjoy them.
About 900 years ago two green children arrived in a small village in south England. Their eyes and skin were green and they spoke a strange language. They were very tired and weak, so the people of the village looked after them. The boy died a year later, but the girl grew strong and lived the rest of her life there. And her skin color turned back to normal day by day. Scientists say that sometimes of people don’t have enough food to eat for a long time, their skin goes very pale and can turn green.
Loch Ness is the largest lake in Scotland. It’s a very deep and cold lake. For hundreds of years, people have talked about a monster(怪物) called Nessie which lives in the lake. About seventy years ago, two people saw something moving in the lake. They said that the animal was playing and rolling around in the water. Since then many people say they have seen the monster. Their descriptions are always the same. It looks like a dinosaur, with a very long neck and a small head. It has a big bump(肿块)on its back. People have tried to photograph the animal, but the pictures have not been very clear. Scientists don’t know whether there is a monster or not. Some say it may be a whale or a very large fish. Some think it’s a snake. Others say there’s nothing at all— nothing but people’s imagination. Maybe we’ll never know what’s in Loch Ness.
What kind of story is talked about in this program?

A．Romantic stories.

B．Mysteries.

C．Horror stories.

D．Comedies.

Where did the stories happen?
        

A．

B．

C．

D．

Which sentence is TRUE about the two green children?

A．They both enjoyed a long and happy life.

B．The girl’s eyes and skin were green all her life.

C．At first they spoke the same language as people in the small village did.

D．Maybe they hadn’t eaten enough for long before they reached the village.

What does Nessie look like according to some witnesses? 

What can we learn from the second story?

A．Scientists are still not sure whether there is a monster or not in Loch Ness.

B．Loch Ness is very deep and warm lake in Scotland.

C．People have taken very clear pictures of Nessie.

D．In fact Nessie is a whale or a snake.

根据短文内容,选择正确答案.
Anger is a kind of feeling. Many things can make you angry. When your teacher gives you too much homework, when your team loses an important game, when a friend borrows your favorite thing and then breaks it, you can get really angry. Usually, your body tells you when you are angry. For example, you breathe(呼吸) faster, your face turns red, and you may want to break something or hit(打) someone, but sometimes, you hide(隐藏) your anger. For example, you may hide it in your heart. The problem is that if you do this, you may get a headache or your stomach may hurt. In fact, it’s not good to hide your anger, and it’s important for you to get angry sometimes. But anger must be let out in the right way, without hurting others or yourself. When you get angry, you can talk about it with other people It’s helpful to talk about your anger with an adult(成年人,大人), such as a parent, a teacher, etc. When you talk about anger, those bad feelings can start to go away. Here are some other things you can do when you start to feel angry: talk to a good friend; count from 1 to 100; give someone a hug(拥抱); go for a bike ride; think about good things, etc. Remember that how you act when you are angry can make everything better or worse. Don’t let your anger control you.
You may not get angry when __________.
A. there is too much homework on this weekend
B. your favorite basketball team wins the game
C. a friend breaks your favorite thing
________ shows that you are not angry.
A. Taking a faster breath
B. Getting a headache
C. Wanting to protect someone
According to the passage, you can do everything when you get angry except(除了) __________.
A. go for a bike ride
B. think about good things
C. say bad things to the people around you
The underlined(画线的) word “control” in the last paragraph（段）means _______ in Chinese.

A．控制

B．连接

C．帮助

D．失去

This passage is mainly(主要) about _________.
A. anger    B. excitement    C. happiness

Choose the best answer（根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案)
Newcastle is beginning to draw tourists from all corners of Europe. It’s one of the fastest developing cities in the United Kingdom. It is said most visitors come here to see the famous soccer team play. The mood of the locals is often changed by the success or failures of the local team.
Newcastle’s most popular place is the Gate. It’s in the center of the city and has many attractions including bars, restaurants, sports bars, pubs and so on. During a home game it becomes a real home to happiness.
Culture and local history lovers can make their dreams come true by taking one of the local city tour buses. They come and leave every few minutes and stop at all the important historical sites in the city. Also the seats and the environment on the buses are comfortable. It’s the best way to see the city without tiring yourself out or getting cold. Places such as the Hancock Museum and Millennium Bridge are must-see attractions. But be careful if you’re short of time, Newcastle is a big place. So you should be prepared to kill a few hours on one of these buses.
If you want to watch the local team play soccer in the St. James Park, remember to book a ticket as early as possible. The locals are crazy soccer fans, and you’ll find it hard to get a ticket if you don’t wait in the queue early.                                                                                 
As you can see, Newcastle is a fantastic city with so much to be offered and so many things to see. You’re sure to have a wonderful time here!                                   
From the passage we know Newcastle is most famous for its_______.

A．soccer team

B．city restaurants

C．rich culture

D．historical sites

If you want to learn about the history and culture of Newcastle, you_____.

A．can go to the Gate	B．can take a city tour
C．must go to St James Park	D．must drive a car

The underlined word “They” in Para 3 refers to ______.

A．history lovers	B．historical sites
C．city tour buses	D．culture lovers

Which place is not in Newcastle? ______

A．St. James Park	B．The Hancock Museum
C．the Gate	D．the Tower Bridge

What can we learn from the passage?

A．Tourists will enjoy delicious food and have a good time in the Gate.

B．It’s usually easy to get a ticket for a local soccer team play.

C．Many world famous soccer matches are held in Newcastle every year.

D．Newcastle is a very small city with many famous attractions.

The author wrote this passage mainly in order to_______.

A．introduce the culture and history of Newcastle

B．tell people the popularity of soccer teams in Newcastle

C．introduce the characters of people in Newcastle

D．encourage people to visit Newcastle

Biodiversity(生物多样性), or biological diversity, is a wide-ranging concept that covers all the different kinds of plant and animal species present on earth. Environmentalists believe that many millions of species exist. As all these living organisms are dependent on each other in some way, biodiversity is desirable. Any loss to the planet is actually a loss for mankind as well, and it is our responsibility to try and save Earth’s biodiversity.
Biodiversity has a vital role to play in the evolution（演变）of species. Species become extinct, but new species evolve, and this is how a balance is maintained. This may sound pretty simple, but it takes millions of years for changes to take place.
Biodiversity is also very important to the stability of food webs. Damage to them can mean disaster for an entire ecosystem. The extinction of a single animal species can put huge pressure on the numerous other species dependent on it.
Biodiversity also has an important role to play in human society. Apart from being the most intelligent species on earth, human beings are also the most dependent. We depend on nature to meet our basic needs. When we change the balance of nature to create our cities and bring about our technical advances, we knowing or unknowing cause great damage to the ecosystem. This must be understood, and the damages must be reversed（颠倒）in any way they can to ensure that the balance of the ecosystem is maintained.
We learn from the first paragraph that_________.
A biodiversity can be seen
B all living species are found on earth.
C people everywhere are aware of the importance of biodiversity
D the loss of any species can affect humans
Why can change in food webs lead to disaster?
A Because it can make people suffer from disease
B Because it can put huge pressure on some species
C Because it takes a long time for such changes to take place
D Because it will damage ninety-nine percent of species
What does the underlined word probably mean?
A 画线  B Peace  C Strength  D Variety
We learn from the last paragraph that __________.
A humans are as independent as they are intelligent
B the balance of the ecosystem is easily maintained
C nature has given us a lot
D nature is taking revenge on us
Which of the following may be the best title for this passage?
A Food Webs are Closely Related to Biodiversity.
B Biodiversity Plays a Very Important Role in Evolution
C How Biodiversity Affects Human Society.
D Understanding Biodiversity and Its Importance.

In most languages, a greeting is usually followed by “small talk”. Small talk means the little things we talk about at the start of a conversation.
In English-speaking countries people often make small talk about the weather: “Nice day, isn’t it?” “Terrible weather, isn’t it?” But there is something special about small talk. It must be about something which both people have the same opinion about. The purpose of small talk is to let both people agree on something. This makes meeting people easier and more comfortable. People usually agree about the weather, so it is a safe topic for small talk. But people often disagree about religion or politics so these are not suitable topics for small talk in English. The topics for small talk also depend on where the conversation is taking place. At football matches, people make small talk about the game they are watching: “Great game, isn’t it?” At bus stops, people may comment about the transport system: “The bus service is terrible, isn’t it?”
Greetings and small talk are an important part of conversation in any language. The way people great each and the things they talk about, however, may be different from one language to another. This shows that there is much more to learn when we learn a language than just the vocabulary and the grammar of the language. We also have to learn the social behavior of the people who speak it.
Small talk ___.

A．is a kind of conversation with short words

B．is a greeting when people meet each other

C．is to let people disagree about something

D．is something we talk about to start a conversation

The best topic of small talk is about ___.

A．the weather

B．politics

C．Games

D．languages

The passage suggests that when we learn a language ___.

A．we should learn about the transport system of the country

B．we should only master the grammar and vocabulary

C．we should know the culture about the country

D．we should grasp the importance of the language

When we say “Great game, isn’t it?” we in fact___.

A．ask a question	B．have a conversation
C．greet each other	D．begin a small talk

What we learn from the passage is that ___.

A．different language has different grammar

B．small talk is an important part in a language

C．small talk depends on the purpose of the conversation

D．in English-speaking countries we should talk about the weather.

When talking about the 2008 Olympic Games, you must think of the host city—Beijing. But maybe you don’t think of the other cities—Qingdao, Tianjin, Qinhuangdao, Shenyang, Shanghai and Hong Kong.
Qingdao held the Olympic sailing competition. Horse-riding events was held in Hong Kong. Tianjin, Qinhuangdao, Shenyang and Shanghai held football preliminaries (预赛).
The following form tells you more.

City	Event	Where	Time
Qingdao	Sailing	Qingdao International Sailing Center	Aug.9-Aug.21
Hong Kong	Horse-riding	Existing Competition Venue （沙田马术中心）	Aug.9-Aug.20
Tianjin	Football preliminaries	Tianjing Olympic Center Stadium	Aug.10, Aug.12
Qinhuangdao	Football preliminaries	Qinhuangdao Olympic Center Stadium	Aug.10, Aug.12
Shengyang	Football preliminaries	Shenyang Olympic Center Stadium	Aug.10’ Aug.12
Shanghai	Football preliminaries	Shanghai Stadium	Aug.10, Aug.12 Aug.13

根据短文和表格内容，选择正确的答案
How many cities were getting ready for the 2008 Olympic Games?

A．One.

B．Six.

C．Seven.

D．Eight.

_______ held horse-riding events.

A．Qingdao International Sailing Center

B．Existing Competition Venue

C．Qinhuangdao Olympic Center Stadium

D．Shanghai Stadium

How long did football preliminaries take?

A．13 days.

B．12 days.

C．7 days.

D．3 days.

The sailing was held in _______.

A．Qingdao

B．Hong Kong

C．Qinhuangdao

D．Shanghai

Which of the following is NOT true?

A．Football preliminaries for the 2008 Olympics were held in four cities in China.

B．Horse-riding events for the 2008 Olympics lasted from Aug. 9 to Aug. 20.

C．Sailing for the 2008 Olympics lasted from Aug. 9 to Aug. 21.

D．Sailing events for the 2008 Olympics was held in Qinhuangdao.

Sometimes we feel good, such as when we get good grades or when something good happens. Sometimes we feel bad, such as when we argue（争吵） with our classmates or when the teachers criticize(批评)us. Both kinds of feelings are normal(普通的). Of course, we all enjoy good feelings, but when we feel unhappy, sometimes we don’t know what to do about it. Here is a plan that will help you when your feelings are bothering you.
1. ACCEPT your feelings. Say to yourself, "I am sad." "I am scared." "I am angry." "I am embarrassed（尴尬）." It’s all right to have these feelings.
2. RELAX and have a rest before you act. Take slow deep breaths (呼吸)and relax your body. Imagine that you are in a safe place. You could listen to some music or sing a beautiful song!
3. THINK about ways to help yourself. Thinking helps you do something smart instead of hurting yourself or making things worse.
4. DO something to help yourself. Maybe you can talk to someone, or do something you enjoy. If it doesn’t work, go back to step 3.
If you want to relax yourself, you can _________.

A．say to yourself, "I am sad."

B．listen to some music or sing a beautiful song

C．think about ways to help yourself

D．watch thrillers

If you are feeling bad, you can say to yourself that _____.

A．"I don’t want the bad feeling."

B．"I want to be happy."

C．"It’s too bad to have bad feeling."

D．"It’s nothing to have all these bad feelings."

If you can’t talk to someone, or do anything you enjoy, you can ________.

A．accept your feelings

B．relax and have a rest before you act

C．think about ways to help yourself

D．do nothing

The passage tells us ________.

A．what we can do when we feel happy

B．we can do nothing when we feel bad

C．We all enjoy good feelings, but bad feeling is unusual to us

D．what we can do when we feel unhappy

The most common disease in the world is the cold. It often starts with a sore throat . You sneeze and your nose runs. You usually have a headache, too. Often you have a cough later. It's not a serious disease, but you can feel quite bad. 
There isn't a cure (良药) for a cold, but you can take some medicine to make you feel better. For example, you can take aspirin (阿司匹林) to get rid of (去除) your headache. It is good to rest. and to drink a lot of water, too. A doctor once told me."With the right medicine. a cold will last for seven days. With no medicine, it will go on for a whole week!"
A long time ago, people understood that some plants made them feel better. For example, the juice of lemons (柠檬) makes a sore throat feel better. In modern times, scientists have found out which chemicals (化学药品) are in them. Man, of our medicines today are made from those chemicals. There are some diseases that we can't cure yet. And nobody has found a cure for old age. But because of modern medicines, the average people now live longer than their grandparents.
A cold often starts with _______.

A．headache

B．a cough

C．a pain in your throat

D．feeling a little cold

What should we do when we catch a cold?

A．We only take some medicine.

B．We should rest well, drink much water and have some medicine.

C．We just wait for a whole week.

D．We only need a good rest.

What makes a sore throat feel better?

A．The medicine aspirin.	B．A lot of water.
C．Something inside lemons.	D．The root of a plant.

What is the real meaning of the doctor's words?

A．There is almost no medicine that can cure the cold.

B．There is some medicine that can cure the cold.

C．You will feel well after a whole week when you take some medicine.

D．The cold is a serious disease.

From the passage. which of the following is not TRUE?

A．You can feel quite bad though the cold is not a serious disease.

B．We can get some medicine to get rid of our headache.

C．Even if you don't take any medicine, you will feel well after seven days.

D．People have found a cure for old age.

If you go into the forest with friends, stay with them. If you don't, you may get lost, this is what you should do. Sit down and stay where you are. Don't try to find your friends-let them find you instead. You can help them find you by staying in one place. There is another way to help your friends or other people to find you. You can shout or whistle (吹口哨) three times. Stop. Then shout or whistle three times again. Any signal (信号) given three times is a call for help. 
Keep up shouting or whistling. Always three times together. When people hear you, they will know that you are not just making a noise for fun. They will let you know that they have heard your signal. They will 
give you two shouts or two whistles. When a signal is given twice, it is an answer to a call for help. 
If you don't think that you will get help before night comes, try to make a little house with branches 
(树枝), make yourself a bed with leaves and grass. 
When you need some water, you have to leave your little branch house to look for it. Don't just walk away. Pick off small branches and drop (扔下) them as you walk in order to go back again easily. When you are lost,the most important thing to do is to stay in one place.
If you get lost in the forest, you should _______.

A．try to find your friends	B．stay in one place and give a signals
C．walk around the forest	D．shout as loudly as possible

Which signal is a call for help?

A．Shouting here and there

B．Crying twice

C．Shouting or whistling three times together

D．Whistling everywhere in the forest

When you hear two shouts or two whistles, you will know that _______.

A．someone is afraid of an animal	B．people will come to help you
C．someone needs help	D．something terrible will happen

What do you have to do when you leave for water?

A．Leave branches as you walk to find way later

B．Pick off branches to build another house

C．Use branches to make a bed

D．Drop branches to look for water

The main idea of the passage is ________.

A．how to travel in the forest

B．how to spend the night in the forest

C．what you should do if you want to get some water

D．what you should do if you are lost in the forest

Healthy eating doesn’t just mean what you eat, but how you eat. Here is some advice on healthy eating.
Eat with others. It can help you to see others’ healthy eating habits. If you usually eat with your parents, you will find that the food you eat is more delicious.
Listen to your body. Ask yourself if you are really hungry. Have a glass of water to see if you are thirsty—sometimes you are just thirsty, you need no food. Stop eating before you feel full.
Eat breakfast. Breakfast is the most important meal of the day. After you don’t eat for the past ten hours, your body needs food to get you going. You will be smarter after eating breakfast.
Eat healthy snacks like fruits, yogurt or cheese. We all need snacks sometimes. In fact, it’s a good idea to eat two healthy snacks between your three meals This doesn’t mean that you can eat a bag of chips instead of a meal.
Don’t eat dinner late. With our busy life, we always put off eating dinner until the last minute. Try to eat dinner at least 3 hours before you go to bed. This will give your body a chance to digest most of the food before you rest for the next 8—10 hours.
The writer gives us        pieces of advice on healthy eating. 

A．4

B．5

C．6

D．7

Which snack is Not mentioned in the passage?

A．Fruits

B．Yogurt

C．Chips

D．Ice cream

Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A．Snacks are bad for our health.

B．We should keep eating until we are full.

C．Dinner is the most important meal of the day.

D．We should have dinner at least 3 hours before going to bed.

The underlined(画线)word “digest” means “       ” in Chinese.

A．消化

B．享用

C．储存

D．循环

The passage mainly tells us        .

A．where to eat

B．how to eat

C．why to eat

D．when to eat