初中英语说明文试题

Trees are useful to man（人类）in three very important ways. The first important way is that they provide man with food, wood and other products. Trees provide not only man with food, but also many animals with food. Without trees many animals could not live on the earth. It's not easy for man to live on the earth, either.
The second important way is that trees give us shade. On a hot summer day, people are eager(渴望)to have a rest under the shade of a tree after they have walked a long way. You can imagine how important the shade of a tree is to man and to animals.
The third important way is that trees help to prevent drought（干旱）and floods（洪水）. However, in many parts of the world, man has not realized the third important way. He has cut trees down in large numbers. In the end he finds that he has lost the best friends he had.
Trees are important to man in       ways.

A．2

B．3

C．4

D．5

Which sentence is true?

A．Trees give food to both man and animals.

B．Trees only provide animals with food.

C．Trees give food to neither man nor animals.

D．Trees only provide man with food

On a hot summer day,        .

A．people are eager to have a rest

B．people usually walk a long way

C．animals don't need shade

D．the shade of a tree is very important to man and to animals

In many parts of the world, man has not realized that trees help to          

A．give us food	B．give us shade
C．prevent drought and floods	D．give us wood

In this story the underlined word "He" means       .

A．farmer

B．man

C．worker

D．boy

How do you remember the way to your house? Where do dreams come from?
It is your brain (大脑) that does these things. A British scientist showed that sleep can improve one’s memory. It’s not a dream for students to study when they sleep. In fact, your brain is working day and night. If you learn words before bed, a certain part of your brain may help you to remember the words while you sleep. What’s more, another scientist in the USA found that there was a “talent button(按钮)” in the human brain. It might make a person more talented(有才能的).
There are more interesting things about the brain. Your brain uses less energy than a fridge light. Just two bananas can give the brain enough energy to work for a whole day. According to some scientists, yawning（打哈欠）keeps your brain “cool”, which makes us think quicker.
Here are some pieces of advice to keep a good brain:
● Eat healthy food.
● Get a lot of playtime or exercise.
● Don’t drink or smoke.
● Use your brain a lot.
A British scientist found out that               .

A．drinking could affect our memories.

B．dreams could affect our memories.

C．sleep could improve our memories.

D．bananas could improve our memories.

According to the passage, if we want to have a good brain, we should  .

A．use our brains more

B．sleep fewer hours

C．work longer hours

D．remember fewer things

Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A．Our brains only work in the daytime.

B．Our brains need much energy every day.

C．Smoking can keep our brains healthy.

D．Getting exercise is good for our brains.

In the US， lots of people have waimai， or food delivered to their home． Pizza and Chinese food are popular． The delivery （1） 　　can usually get the food to your door in half an hour．

But waimai for other things is not so quick in the US． For example， if you order toothpaste or cooking oil， it will usually（2） 　　at least one day to arrive．

Here in China． I can order nearly anything and get it（3） 　　just 30 to 45 minutes． Did I forget to buy onions and cabbages for making dinner？ No problem ﹣﹣waimai will deliver it soon． There is even waimai for things（4） 　　medicine and snacks．

Some people say this makes people lazier．I guess they're not wrong．But I really love the（5） 　　life．

（1）A． drivers	B． postmen	C． policemen	D． cleaners
（2）A． spend	B． cost	C． take	D． pay
（3）A． at	B． for	C． after	D． in
（4）A． as for	B． such as	C． rather than	D． instead of
（5）A． comfortable	B． convenient	C． careful	D． common

1. Where are the rainforests?
Rainforests cover six per cent of the Earth’s surface. There are rainforests in many parts of the world but the biggest forests are in South America, Africa and South East Asia. There aren’t any rainforests in Europe or North America.
2. What’s in the rainforests?
About 75% of all the types of animals that we know come from rainforests. Thousands and thousands of animals live in rainforests. There are many very beautiful birds, insects and  reptiles. Many of them live in the trees, more than 30 metres from the ground. There are also thousands of different plants—and lots of tall trees! It is always hot in a rainforest and
the ground is always wet. It is also dark.
3. Why are the rainforests important?
The rainforests are very important for us. We need them! The trees and other plants in the forest help to make the air that we breathe. They give us wood, rubber, fruits and many of our medicines.
4.    
Unfortunately, in many places, the rainforests are in danger. For example, many years ago there was a large rainforest in Java. There were thousands of different plants and animals in the forest, but now there is nothing. People chopped down the trees because they wanted to grow rice. Many animals lived in the rainforest. Some of them went to other parts of Java but many of them disappeared — forever. The same thing is happening now in many other parts of the world. The rainforests are in danger.
In which of the following places can we find rainforests according to Paragraph 1?
A. In the UK.   B. In Asia. C. In the USA.  D. In France.
Which of the following belongs to a kind of “reptile”?

A．A sparrow.

B．A swallow.

C．A snake.

D．A butterfly.

Which might be the best title for Paragraph 4?

A．What’s happening to the rainforests?

B．What can we find in the rainforests in Java?

C．Why did people chop down the trees in the rainforests?

D．Why did many plants and animals disappear in the rainforests?

What is the writer’s purpose of writing the article?

A．To tell us how to survive in the rainforests.

B．To help us know some living things in the rainforests.

C．To tell us to care about the protection of the rainforests.

D．To give us advice on how to make full use of the rainforests.

If you love books, then“Three Cups of Tea”will be your favorite. It will take you on an adventure（冒险）to one of the highest mountains in the world. You will learn how the people and children there lived and how the writer, Greg Mortenson , helped build an education system.
While climbing K2 in Pakistan, one of the world’s most difficult mountains to climb, Greg Mortenson became ill and got lost. He got help in a small village. The people of the village took good care of him, feeding him and letting him sleep in a villager’s house. They also gave him their best food: sweet tea.
When Mortenson was fine, he found that the children of the village worked and studied outdoors. Their teacher came only three times a week and they didn’t have blackboards. They used sticks（枝条）to write on the ground.
The day he left the village, he told them he would come back and build a school. His school would have both boys and girls. Later on, he came back and helped build a school, so the kids were able to study in the classroom with real writing instruments.
That was in 1993. Today Mortenson is going to build 80 schools in Central Asia. He started a foundation（基金）called the Central Asia Institute to raise money for these schools. He has helped more than 18,000 girls receive education so far.
“Three Cups of Tea”is the name of a        .

A．club

B．teahouse

C．book

D．movie

The following are what the people of the village did for Greg Mortenson EXCEPT         .

A．taking care of him and feeding him

B．taking him to the hospital

C．finding somewhere to let him sleep

D．giving him their best food

From the passage we know that        had more chances to receive education in Pakistan mountains in the past.

A．boys

B．girls

C．the rich

D．the poor

Wild animals are our friends, but many of them are getting fewer and fewer. We should try to protect them. The four animals below are now in danger.
Tibetan Antelopes
Tibetan antelopes (藏羚羊) are medium-sized animals. They mainly feed on grass. They are usually found in groups of about 20. They are killed for their wool, which is warm, soft and fine and can be made into expensive clothes. Although people can get the wool without killing the animals, people simply kill them before taking the wool. The number of them is dropping year by year. There are less than 75,000 Tibetan antelopes left in the world, down from a million 50 years ago.
Golden Monkeys
Golden monkeys are mainly found in Sichuan, Gansu, Shanxi provinces and Shengnongjia mountainous area of Hubei Province. Golden monkeys have golden-orange fur. They move around in the daytime, usually in groups of as many as 100 to 200 heads, or 20 to 30 heads. They feed on fruits and young leaves of bamboos. But people are destroying the environment where they live. Trees and bamboos are disappearing, so golden monkeys have less and less to eat.
Elephants
Elephants are very big and strong. They are bigger than any other animals on land. They are grey and have long trunks and tusks. They have poor eyesight, but very good hearing and smell. They can lift heavy things and break down branches with their trunks. Elephants are very friendly towards each other and towards their neighbours. Normally, they live in a group for many years. Young male elephants do not leave the group until they are about 12 years old. Now, there are very few elephants in the world. The number of them is becoming smaller and smaller because their living areas are used for farming. Also, people hunt them for their tusks.
Wolves
Wolves are not very big. They have grey fur. Wolves have very good eyesight, hearing and smell. Wolves’ food is various. They eat animals, insects and snails. They are friendly to each other and never attack people. They do not kill for fun. Wolves are in danger, too. They are losing their living areas because people cut down forests. Soon they will have no home or food.
Tibetan antelopes usually live in groups of about _______.

A．20

B．30

C．100

D．200

Which of the following animals are the biggest on land?

A．Tibetan antelopes.	B．Golden monkeys.
C．Elephants.	D．Wolves

Which of the following sentences is right?

A．There are less than 7,500 Tibetan antelopes left in the world now.

B．Golden monkeys usually move around during the night.

C．Elephants have good eyesight, but very poor hearing and smell.

D．Wolves are friendly to each other and they never attack people.

What can be the best title of the passage?

A．Wild animals in danger

B．How to hunt wild animals

C．Animals in the zoo

D．How to train the animals

New rules and behavior standards(行为规范) for middle school students came out in March. Middle schools are going to use a new way to decide who the top students are. The best students won’t only have high marks. They will also be kids who don’t dye(染) their hair. The following are some of the new rules.
Tell the truth. Have you ever copied someone else’s work on an exam? Don’t do it again! That’s not something an honest student should do. If you have played computer games for two hours in your room, don’t tell your parents you have done homework.
Do more at school. Good students love animals and care for other people. April is Bird-loving month in China. Is your school doing anything to celebrate? You should join! In that way, you can learn more about animals and how to protect them. When more people work together, it makes it more fun for everyone.
Have you ever quarreled with your teammates when your basketball team lost? Only working together can make your team stronger. Be friendly to the people you are with. Try to think of others, not only yourself.
Be open to new ideas. Have you ever thought that people could live on the moon? Maybe you’ll discover Earth Ⅱ some day. Don’t look down on new ideas. Everyone’s ideas are important. You should welcome them, because new ideas make life better for everyone.
Protect yourself. Has someone ever taken money from one of your classmates? Don’t let it happen to you. If you have to go home late, you should let your parents know.
Use the Internet carefully. The Internet can be very useful for your studies. But some things on the Internet aren’t for kids, so try to look at web pages that are good for you. You can use the web for fun or homework. Can’t you find any good websites for children? Here are some: Http:// kids.eastday.com, Http://www. chinakids. net. com, http ://www. cycnet.com.
根据短文内容，选择最佳选项,将其标号在答题卡上涂黑。（每小题2分，共10分）
The new school rules will help kids by telling them ___________.

A．how they can study well	B．what they should do at school
C．what is right and what is wrong	D．how they can protect themselves

According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?

A．Take care of yourself when you are out.	B．Tell the truth, even when you are wrong.
C．Keep some animals to protect them.	D．Use the Internet, but keep away from bad things.

The main idea of the fourth paragraph is about ___________.

A．making the team stronger	B．helping each other
C．being a good friend to others	D．getting on well with others

Good websites for children can ___________.

A．be a waste of time	B．help them with their studies
C．do homework for them	D．make life easier

The passage tells us how to___________.

A．be top students	B．do more at school
C．care for others	D．use the Internet

Earthquakes may take place anywhere on the Earth's surface．（49） 　　，they are most probably to happen near mountains．

During an earthquake，the Earth's surface shakes．Houses fall，people are killed or injured，and （50） 　　whole cities are destroyed．

But we can do something to protect （51） 　　against earthquakes．Scientists have made maps （52） 　　the"earthquake belt"．In the belts，earthquakes are likely to happen．In these areas we can build （53） 　　houses to resist（抵抗）earthquake shocks．

In the future，scientists will be able to predict exactly （54） 　　earthquakes will take place．Then they can tell people to take measures．Thus lives can be saved and damage（损失）can be（55） 　　

49．A．But	B．However	C．So	D．And
50．A．sometime	B．sometimes	C．some time	D．some times
51．A．ourselves	B．themselves	C．itself	D．myself
52．A．shown	B．shows	C．showed	D．showing
53．A．large	B．small	C．special	D．empty
54．A．When and where	B．when and what	C．where and what	D．how and why
55．A．doubled	B．lessened	C．increased	D．added．

Hot movie in Esplanade Theatre

How many days does the movie be on?
A. For 8 days.     B. For 9 days.     C. For 10 days.
How long does each movie last?
A. Half an hour.   B. One hour.       C. One hour and a half.
If a family of three—Dad, Mum and son go to the theatre in the evening, they have to pay ________ dollars for the tickets.
A. 85              B. 105          C. 120
________ are not allowed to enter the theatre.
A. Latecomers      
B. Adults without children    
C. Kids below three years old
Which information can’t be found in the advertisement?
A. The name of the movie. 
B. The name of the theatre. 
C. The name of the director.

Childhood is a time of fun and games. Many people still remember when they were young, they often played games like hide-and-seek and chess. Playing teaches children how to get along with others, and it also helps to exercise the mind and body. However, children today spent most of their playing time in front of the computer, playing video games.
A recent survey found that in the US children between 8 and 12 spent at least 13 hours a week playing video games or “gaming”. Boys of this age spend even more time, almost 16 hours a week. Although some people will say that gaming is helpful, it brings many problems as well.
One big problem is that kids who spend most of their time on games might have difficulty communicating with real people. They might have trouble sharing and resolving problems because they do not practice these shills when sitting alone at a computer.
Another problem is about health. Game players usually sit for hours without doing any exercise. And they might not eat healthily. As a result, they might be out of shape.
Next, game players might have trouble with their lessons. Many of them spend more time playing games than working on their homework. In the end, _______________.
Finally, it is always possible that the gamers become addicted(成瘾). Some people play four or five hours a day or even all day. This happened to a 28-year-old Korean man. He spent about 50 hours playing an online game without sleeping or eating well. He died while gaming!
This is one example of the dangers of video gaming. It tells us that video gaming, like everything else, should not be done too much. A few hours a week should not hurt, but several hours a day just might be dangerous to your health.
Children of 8 to 12 in the US spent at least _____ hours a week playing video games.

A．13

B．16

C．28

D．50

How many problems about playing video games are mentioned in the passage?

A．Two.

B．Three

C．Four

D．Five

Which of the following is the right sentence for the blank(空白处) in Paragraph 5?

A．they might become ill	B．they might lose their friends
C．they might stop playing games	D．they might get lower grades at school

What does the writer want to tell us by writing this passage?

A．Video gaming has quite a lot of advantages.

B．Video gaming might be a dangerous thing.

C．Childhood is a time of fun and games.

D．Children should learn how to get along with others

Space travel is nothing new. The first spacecraft with a human was sent up into space in 1961. Since then, people have not only traveled to space, but also many of them have lived there in space stations for some time.
The Soviet Union(前苏联) sent the first space station into space in 1971. This space station was called Salyut 1. Salyut 1 was designed as a place where people could live while they observed space and did experiments. The first group of astronauts lived there for 23 days. The Soviet Union went on to make seven more Salyut space stations. At about the same time, the United States built its own space station, called Skylab.
Astronauts visited and often lived in these space stations for a short time. However, it wasn’t until the late 1980s when The Soviet Union sent the Mir space station that people began to live in space for a longer time. Mir stayed in space from 1989 until 2001, when it was decided that the space station was too old and no longer safe to live in.
Living in space stations seems to be fun, but astronauts face many problems. One of them is food. All the meals on space station are put together on Earth and sent there by space shuttle. Because the food has to last a long time (sometimes up to three months), a lot of it has to be stored in cans. The space station does not have a fridge, but it has a cool room to keep fruit and vegetables fresh. Astronauts also eat many other foods such as dried meat that do not need special care.
Without the help of gravity, sitting down to eat can be tough. Astronauts sometimes have to fix themselves to the wall while eating. They also have to be very careful to that food does not float away.
Which of the following has the closest meaning to the underlined word “observed” in Paragraph 2?

A．Discovered

B．Checked

C．Watched

D．Fixed

What can we infer(推断)from the passage?

A．Astronauts can never have a chance to eat fresh food when they live in space station.

B．The Soviet Union sent a total of 9 space stations into space in the 1970s and 1980s.

C．Astronauts could live in the Mir space station for no more than three weeks.

D．Space travel has quite a long history of more than 60 years.

What is the best title of this passage?

A．Exploring Space

B．Space Travel

C．Living in Space

D．Space Stations

Parents often believe that they have a good relationship with their teenagers. But last summer, Joanna and Henry noticed a change in their older son: suddenly he seemed to be talking far more to his friends than to his parents. "The door to his room is always shut." Joanna noted.
Tina and Mark noticed similar changes in their 14-year-old daughter. "She used to sit in my arms on the sofa and talk with me," said Mark. "Now we joke that she does this only when she wants something. Sometimes she wants to be treated like a little girl and sometimes like a young lady. The problem is figuring out which time is which."
Before age 11, children like to tell their parents what's on their minds. "In fact, parents are first on the list." said Michael Riera, author of Uncommon Sense for Parents with Teenagers. "This completely changes during the teen years." Riera explained. "They talk to their friends first, then maybe their teachers, and their parents last."
Parents who know what's going on in their teenagers' lives are in the best position to help them. To break down the wall of silence, parents should create chances to understand what their children want to say, and try to find ways to talk and write to them. And they must give their children a mental break, for children also need freedom, though young. Another thing parents should remember is that to be a friend, not a manager, with their children is a better way to know them.
We can know Michael Riera in the passage is ________.

A．An author.

B．A mother.

C．A father.

D．A teenager.

"The door to his room is always shut" suggests that the son_______.

A．is always busy with his studies

B．doesn't want to be disturbed

C．keeps himself away from his parents

D．begins to dislike his parents

What troubles Tina and Mark most is that _______.

A．their daughter isn't as lovely as before

B．they can't read their daughter's mind exactly

C．they don't know what to say to their daughter

D．their daughter talks with them only when she needs help

Which of the following best explains "the wall of silence" in the last paragraph?

A．Teenagers talk a lot with their friends.

B．Teenagers do not want to understand their parents.

C．Teenagers do not talk much with their parents.

D．Teenagers talk little about their own lives.

What can be learned from the passage?

A．Parents are unhappy with their growing children.

B．Parents have suitable ways to talk with their teenagers.

C．Parents should be patient with their silent teenagers.

D．Parents should try to understand their teenagers.

Americans use many expressions with the word dog. People in the United States love their dogs and treat them well.
Some people say we live in a dog-eat-dog world. That means many people are competing for the same things, like good jobs. They say if a person wants to be successful he has to work like a dog. This means they have to work very, very hard. Such hard work can make people dog-tired. And, the situation would be even worse if they became sick as a dog.
Still, people say every dog has its day. This means that every person enjoys a successful period during his or her life. To be successful, people often have to learn new skills. Yet, some people say that you can never teach an old dog new tricks(手艺). They believe that older people do not like to learn new things and will not change the way they do things.
Dog expressions are also used to describe the weather. The dog days of summer are the hottest days of the year. A rain in summer may cool the weather. But we do not want it to rain too hard. We do not want it to rain cats and dogs.
If a person without lots of money wants to buy a car, he or she has to ______.

A．treat the dog well	B．live with lots of dogs
C．work like a dog	D．become sick as a dog

The saying you can never teach an old dog new tricks tells us older people ______.

A．have more ways to do things	B．do things more slowly
C．dislike to learn new things	D．know wonderful tricks

Which of the following is NOT true according to this passage?

A．Many dogs are loved and treated well by people in America.

B．“Every dog has its day” means dogs are the most successful animal.

C．“It rains cats and dogs” has the same meaning as “It rains heavily”.

D．There are many expressions with the word dog in English.

The first way to make friends is to smile. When you smile, people think you are __1___ and easy to talk to. It may not be easy at first to smile. But, you can practice in the mirror(镜子). When you look at yourself, think if you’d like to __2___ to your smiling face or your usual face. Of course the smiling face. Most people stay away from an __3___ face.
One easy way to start a conversation with someone is to say __4___ nice about them. For example, you could talk about an interesting __5___ to a teacher’s question, good match at the ball field, pretty shirt, etc…. Think about how great you feel when someone says something nice to you. Doesn’t it make you want to __6___ talking to that person?
Ask your new friends questions about themselves. Such as: “Who’s their favorite singer?” “Where do they live, who’s their teacher?” “What do they do after school?” … etc. They are all good questions to start a __7___.
When someone asks you a question, do have an answer for them. If you don’t __8___ who your favorite singer is, or what your hobbies are, think about it. There’s nothing that will __9___ a conversation quicker than a shrug(耸肩) for an answer.
Shy kids often have some trouble with complements. When someone says something nice, shy kids often say nothing. This leaves the other person __10___ if they said something wrong. The best and easiest reply to a complement is a simple “thank you”.

A．funny B．strang C．crazy D．friendly

A．talk B．say C．see D．look

A．honest B．old C．angry D．exciting

A．anything B．something C．everything D．nothing

A．answer B．book C．decision D．invention

A．have B．prefer C．finish D．keep

A．discussion B．conversation C．meeting D．game

A．meet B．believe C．know D．guess

A．try B．stop C．find D．make

A．wondering B．forgetting C．hearing D．knowing

Nowadays，WeChat is becoming more and more （26）　　 in China．No matter where we are，we can sign up and send text or voice messages to our friends．We can also find a stranger to talk to by shaking the （27）　　．Another funny function（作用） is that WeChat can help to search for people （28）　　 live nearby with the program on．Many people like this function，（29）　　 it can help them to find more people who they may know．

In my opinion．WeChat is really （30）　　 useful chatting tool．It can help people        （31）　　 with their friends more easily．（32）　　，it is also bad for people，especially for students．As you see，some people use WeChat （33）　　 too long．It is not healthy to them．So I have some advice to use it in a correct way．First，we should not use it when we are studying．We can't focus on our study if we use it．Second，we must be careful．We should neither show too much personal information （34）　　 trust（相信） strangers so much．

We should learn how to use it properly（正确地）．Remember．WeChat is not everything in your life．（35）　　 depend too much on it．

26．A．popular	B．cheap	C．poor
27．A．radio	B．phone	C．computer
28．A．where	B．what	C．who
29．A．though	B．but	C．because
30．A．/	B．an	C．a
31．A．argue	B．communicate	C．dance
32．A．However	B．Whoever	C．Wherever
33．A．for	B．in	C．on
34．A．or	B．nor	C．and
35．A．Doesn't	B．Don't	C．Isn't