高中英语阅读理解

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的ABC和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Washington, D.C. Bicycle Tours

Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C

Duration: 3 hours

This small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world-famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington, D.C. Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before availability - and the cherry blossoms - disappear!

Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour

Duration: 3 hours (4 miles)

Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington, D.C. Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique

facts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water.

Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.

Duration: 3 hours

Morning or Afternoon this bike tour is the perfect tour for D.C. newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington, D.C.in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledge guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents. Congress, memories, and parks. Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route（路线） make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing.

Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour

Duration: 3 hours (7 miles)

Join a small group hike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington, D.C. Get up close to the monuments and memorials as you bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall. Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history. Tour includes bike, helmet, and bottled water. All rides are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.

（1）Which tour do you need to book in advance?

A．	Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington,	B．	C .
C．	Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour.	D．
E．	Capital City Bike Tour in Washington,	F．	C .
G．	Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.	H．

（2）What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour?

A．	Meet famous people.
B．	Go to a national park.
C．	Visit well-known museums.
D．	Enjoy interesting stories.

（3）Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide?

A．	City maps.
B．	Cameras
C．	Meals.
D．	Safety lights.

Preparing Cities for Robot Cars

The possibility of self-driving robot cars has often seemed like a futurist's dream, years away from materializing in the real world. Well, the future is apparently now. The California Department of Motor Vehicles began giving permits in April for companies to test truly self-driving cars on public roads. The state also cleared the way for companies to sell or rent out self-driving cars, and for companies to operate driverless taxi services. California, it should be noted, isn't leading the way here. Companies have been testing their vehicles in cities across the country. It's hard to predict when driverless cars will be everywhere on our roads. But however long it takes, the technology has the potential to change our transportation systems and our cities, for better or for worse, depending on how the transformation is regulated.

While much of the debate so far has been focused on the safety of driverless cars(and rightfully so), policymakers also should be talking about how self-driving vehicles can help reduce traffic jams, cut emissions(排放) and offer more convenient, affordable mobility options. The arrival of driverless vehicles is a chance to make sure that those vehicles are environmentally friendly and more shared.

Do we want to copy - or even worsen - the traffic of today with driverless cars? Imagine a future where most adults own individual self-driving vehicles. They tolerate long, slow journeys to and from work on packed highways because they can work, entertain themselves or sleep on the ride, which encourages urban spread. They take their driverless car to an appointment and set the empty vehicle to circle the building to avoid paying for parking. Instead of walking a few blocks to pick up a child or the dry cleaning, they send the self-driving minibus. The convenience even leads fewer people to take public transport - an unwelcome side effect researchers have already found in ride-hailing(叫车) services.

A study from the University of California at Davis suggested that replacing petrol-powered private cars worldwide with electric, self-driving and shared systems could reduce carbon emissions from transportation 80% and cut the cost of transportation infrastructure(基础设施) and operations 40% by 2050. Fewer emissions and cheaper travel sound pretty appealing. The first commercially available driverless cars will almost certainly be fieldedby ride-hailing services, considering the cost of self-driving technology as well as liability and maintenance issues(责任与维护问题). But driverless car ownership could increase as the prices drop and more people become comfortable with the technology.

Policymakers should start thinking now about how to make sure the appearance of driverless vehicles doesn't extend the worst aspects of the car-controlled transportation system we have today. The coming technological advancement presents a chance for cities and states to develop transportation systems designed to move more people, and more affordably. The car of the future is coming. We just have to plan for it.

（1）According to the author, attention should be paid to how driverless cars can __________.

A．	help deal with transportation-related problems
B．	provide better services to customers
C．	cause damage to our environment
D．	make some people lose jobs

（2）As for driverless cars, what is the author's major concern?            

A．	Safety.
B．	Side effects.
C．	Affordability.
D．	Management.

（3）What does the underlined word ＂fielded＂ in Paragraph 4 probably mean?            

A．	Employed.
B．	Replaced.
C．	Shared.
D．	Reduced.

（4）What is the author's attitude to the future of self-driving cars?            

A．	Doubtful.
B．	Positive.
C．	Disapproving.
D．	Sympathetic.

Plastic-Eating Worms

Humans produce more than 300 million tons of plastic every year. Almost half of that winds up in landfills(垃圾填埋场), and up to 12 million tons pollute the oceans. So far there is no effective way to get rid of it, but a new study suggests an answer may lie in the stomachs of some hungry worms.

Researchers in Spain and England recently found that the worms of the greater wax moth can break down polyethylene, which accounts for 40% of plastics. The team left 100 wax worms on a commercial polyethylene shopping bag for 12 hours, and the worms consumed and broke down about 92 milligrams, or almost 3% of it. To confirm that the worms' chewing alone was not responsible for the polyethylene breakdown, the researchers made some worms into paste(糊状物) and applied it to plastic films. 14 hours later the films had lost 13% of their mass - apparently broken down by enzymes (酶) from the worms' stomachs. Their findings were published in Current Biologyin 2017.

Federica Bertocchini, co-author of the study, says the worms' ability to break down their everyday food - beeswax - also allows them to break down plastic. ＂Wax is a complex mixture, but the basic bond in polyethylene, the carbon-carbon bond, is there as well, ＂she explains, ＂The wax worm evolved a method or system to break this bond. ＂

Jennifer DeBruyn, a microbiologist at the University of Tennessee, who was not involved in the study, says it is not surprising that such worms can break down polyethylene. But compared with previous studies, she finds the speed of breaking down in this one exciting. The next step, DeBruyn says, will be to identify the cause of the breakdown. Is it an enzyme produced by the worm itself or by its gut microbes(肠道微生物)?

Bertocchini agrees and hopes her team's findings might one day help employ the enzyme to break down plastics in landfills. But she expects using the chemical in some kind of industrial process - not simply ＂millions of worms thrown on top of the plastic.＂

（1）What can we learn about the worms in the study?

A．	They take plastics as their everyday food.
B．	They are newly evolved creatures.
C．	They can consume plastics.
D．	They wind up in landfills.

（2）According to Jennifer DeBruyn, the next step of the study is to .

A．	identify other means of the breakdown
B．	find out the source of the enzyme
C．	confirm the research findings
D．	increase the breakdown speed

（3）It can be inferred from the last paragraph that the chemical might .            

A．	help to raise worms
B．	help make plastic bags
C．	be used to clean the oceans
D．	be produced in factories in future

（4）What is the main purpose of the passage?            

A．	To explain a study method on worms.
B．	To introduce the diet of a special worm.
C．	To present a way to break down plastics.
D．	To propose new means to keep eco-balance.

Find Your Adventure at the Space and Aviation(航空) Center

If you're looking for a unique adventure, the Space and Aviation Center (SAC) is the place to be. The Center offers programs designed to challenge and inspire with hands-on tasks and lots of fun.

More than 750,000 have graduated from SAC, with many seeking employment in engineering, aviation, education, medicine and a wide variety of other professions. They come to camp, wanting to know what it is like to be an astronaut or a pilot, and they leave with real-world applications for what they're studying in the classroom.

For the trainees, the programs also offer a great way to earn merit badges(荣誉徽章). At Space Camp, trainees can earn their Space Exploration badge as they build and fire model rockets, learn about space tasks and try simulated(模拟) flying to space with the crew from all over the world. The Aviation Challenge program gives trainees the chance to earn their Aviation badge. They learn the principles of flight and test their operating skills in the cockpit(驾驶舱) of a variety of flight simulators. Trainees also get a good start on their Wilderness Survival badge as they learn about water- and land-survival through designed tasks and their search and rescue of ＂downed＂ pilot.

With all the programs, teamwork is key as trainees learn the importance of leadership and being part of a bigger task.

All this fun is available for ages 9 to 18. Families can enjoy the experience together, too, with Family Camp programs for families with children as young as 7.

Stay an hour or stay a week - there is something here for everyone!

For more details, please visit us online at www.oursac.com.

（1）Why do people come to SAC?            

A．	To experience adventures.
B．	To look for jobs in aviation.
C．	To get a degree in engineering.
D．	To learn more about medicine.

（2）To earn a Space Exploration badge, a trainee needs to .

A．	fly to space
B．	get an Aviation badge first
C．	study the principles of flight
D．	build and fire model rockets

（3）What is the most important for trainees?            

A．	Leadership.
B．	Team spirit.
C．	Task planning.
D．	Survival skills.

My First Marathon（马拉松）

A month before my first marathon, one of my ankles was injured and this meant not running for two weeks, leaving me only two weeks to train. Yet, I was determined to go ahead.

I remember back to my 7th year in school. In my first P.E. class, the teacher required us to run laps and then hit a softball. I didn't do either well. He later informed me that I was ＂not athletic＂.

The idea that I was ＂not athletic＂ stuck with me for years. When I started running in my 30s, I realized running was a battle against myself, not about competition or whether or not I was athletic. It was all about the battle against my own body and mind. A test of wills!

The night before my marathon, I dreamt that I couldn't even find the finish line. I woke up sweating and nervous, but ready to prove something to myself.

Shortly after crossing the start line, my shoe laces(鞋带) became untied. So I stopped to readjust. Not the start I wanted!

At mile 3, I passed a sign: ＂GO FOR IT, RUNNERS!＂

By mile 17, I became out of breath and the once injured ankle hurt badly. Despite the pain, I stayed the course walking a bit and then running again.

By mile 21, I was starving!

As I approached mile 23, I could see my wife waving a sign. She is my biggest fan. She never minded the alarm clock sounding at 4 a.m. or questioned my expenses on running.

I was one of the final runners to finish. But I finished! And I got a medal. In fact, I got the same medal as the one that the guy who came in first place had.

Determined to be myself, move forward, free of shame and worldly labels(世俗标签), I can now call myself a ＂marathon winner＂.

（1）A month before the marathon, the author ____________.            

A．	was well trained
B．	felt scared
C．	made up his mind to run
D．	lost hope

（2）Why did the author mention the P.E. class in his 7th year?

A．	To acknowledge the support of his teacher.
B．	To amuse the readers with a funny story.
C．	To show he was not talented in sports.
D．	To share a precious memory.

（3）How was the author's first marathon?            

A．	He made it.
B．	He quit halfway.
C．	He got the first prize.
D．	He walked to the end.

（4）What does the story mainly tell us?            

A．	A man owes his success to his family support.
B．	A winner is one with a great effort of will.
C．	Failure is the mother of success.
D．	One is never too old to learn.

We've all been there：in a lift，in line at the bank or on an airplane，surrounded by people who are，like us，deeply focused on their smartphones or，worse，struggling with the uncomfortable silence．

What's the problem？ It's possible that we all have compromised conversational intelligence． It's more likely that none of us start a conversation because it's awkward and challenging， or we think it's annoying and unnecessary． But the next time you find yourself among strangers， consider that small talk is worth the trouble． Experts say it's an invaluable social practice that results in big benefits．

Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy， but we can't forget that deep relationships wouldn't even exist if it weren't for casual conversation． Small talk is the grease （润滑剂） for social communication， says Bernardo Carducci， director of the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Southeast． "Almost every great love story and each big business deal begins with small talk，" he explains． "The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others， not just communicate with them．"

In a 2014 study， Elizabeth Dunn， associate professor of psychology at UBC， invited people on their way into a coffee shop． One group was asked to seek out an interaction（互动） with its waiter； the other， to speak only when necessary． The results showed that those who chatted with their server reported significantly higher positive feelings and a better coffee shop experience．"It's not that talking to the waiter is better than talking to your husband，" says Dunn．"But interactions with peripheral（边缘的） members of our social network matter for our well﹣being also．"

Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel a significantly greater sense of belonging， a bond with others． Carducci believes developing such a sense of belonging starts with small talk．"Small talk is the basis of good manners，" he says．

（1）What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph？ 　    　

A．	Addiction to smartphones．
B．	Inappropriate behaviours in public places．
C．	Absence of communication between strangers．
D．	Impatience with slow service．

（2）What is important for successful small talk according to Carducci？ 　    　

A．	Showing good manners．
B．	Relating to other people．
C．	Focusing on a topic．
D．	Making business deals．

（3）What does the coffee﹣shop study suggest about small talk？ 　    　

A．	It improves family relationships．
B．	It raises people's confidence．
C．	It matters as much as a formal talk．
D．	It makes people feel good．

（4）What is the best title for the text？ 　    　

A．	Conversation Counts
B．	Ways of Making Small Talk
C．	Benefits of Small Talk
D．	Uncomfortable Silence

Teens and younger children are reading a lot less for fun， according to a Common Sense Media report published Monday．

While the decline over the past decade is steep for teen readers， some data in the report shows that reading remains a big part of many children's lives，and indicates how parents might help encourage more reading．

According to the report's key findings， "the proportion （比例） who say they 'hardly ever' read for fun has gone from 8 percent of 13﹣year﹣olds and 9 percent of 17﹣year﹣olds in 1984 to 22 percent and 27 percent respectively today．"

The report data shows that pleasure reading levels for younger children，ages 2﹣8，remain largely the same．But the amount of time spent in reading each session has declined，from closer to an hour or more to closer to a half hour per session．

When it comes to technology and reading，the report does little to counsel（建议）parents looking for data about the effect of e﹣readers and tablets on reading．It does point out that many parents still limit electronic reading，mainly due to concerns about increased screen time．

The most hopeful data shared in the report shows clear evidence of parents serving as examples and important guides for their kids when it comes to reading．Data shows that kids and teens who do read frequently，compared to infrequent readers，have more books in the home，more books purchased for them，parents who read more often，and parents who set aside time for them to read．

As the end of school approaches，and school vacation reading lists loom（逼近）ahead，parents might take this chance to step in and make their own summer reading list and plan a family trip to the library or bookstore．

（1）What is the Common Sense Media report probably about？ 　    　

A．	Children's reading habits．
B．	Quality of children's books．
C．	Children's after﹣class activities．
D．	Parent﹣child relationships．

（2）Where can you find the data that best supports "children are reading a lot less for fun"？ 　    　

A．	In paragraph 2．
B．	In paragraph 3．
C．	In paragraph 4．
D．	In paragraph 5．

（3）Why do many parents limit electronic reading？ 　    　

A．	E﹣books are of poor quality．
B．	It could be waste of time．
C．	It may harm children's health．
D．	E﹣readers are expensive．

（4）How should parents encourage their children to read more？ 　    　

A．	Act as role models for them．
B．	Ask them to write book reports．
C．	Set up reading groups for them．
D．	Talk with their reading class teachers．

Many of us love July because it's the month when nature's berries and stone fruits are in abundance．These colourful and sweet jewels from British Columbia's fields are little powerhouses of nutritional protection．

Of the common berries， strawberries are highest in vitamin C， although， because of their seeds， raspberries contain a little more protein （蛋白质）， iron and zinc （not that fruits have much protein）． Blueberries are particularly high in antioxidants （抗氧化物质）． The yellow and orange stone fruits such as peaches are high in the carotenoids we turn into vitamin A and which are antioxidants． As for cherries （樱桃）， they are so delicious who cares？ However，they are rich in vitamin C．

When combined with berries of slices of other fruits， frozen bananas make an excellent base for thick， cooling fruit shakes and low fat "ice cream"． For this purpose， select ripe bananas for freezing as they are much sweeter． Remove the skin and place them in plastic bags or containers and freeze． If you like， a squeeze of fresh lemon juice on the bananas will prevent them turning brown． Frozen bananas will last several weeks， depending on their ripeness and the temperature of the freezer．

If you have a juicer ，you can simply feed in frozen bananas and some berries or sliced fruit．Out comes a "soft﹣serve" creamy dessert，to be eaten right away． This makes a fun activity for a children's party；they love feeding the fruit and frozen bananas into the top of the machine and watching the ice cream come out below．

（1）What does the author seem to like about cherries？ 　    　

A．	They contain protein．
B．	They are high in vitamin A．
C．	They have a pleasant taste．
D．	They are rich in antioxidants．

（2）Why is fresh lemon juice used in freezing bananas？ 　    　

A．	To make them smell better．
B．	To keep their colour．
C．	To speed up their ripening．
D．	To improve their nutrition．

（3）What is "a juicer" in the last paragraph？ 　    　

A．	A dessert．
B．	A drink．
C．	A container．
D．	A machine．

（4）From which is the text probably taken？ 　    　

A．	A biology textbook．
B．	A health magazine．
C．	A research paper．
D．	A travel brochure．

Summer Activities

Students should read the list with their parents/carers， and select two activities they would like to do． Forms will be available in school and online for them to indicate their choices and return to school． Before choices are finalised， parents/carers will be asked to sign to confirm their child's choices．

Activity	Description	Member of staff	Cost
Outdoor Adventure （OUT）	Take yourself out of your comfort zone for a week，discover new personal qualities，and learn new skills．You will be able to take in a number of activities from canoeing to wild camping on Dartmoor．Learn rock climbing and work as a team，and enjoy the great outdoor environment．	Mr．Clemens	£140
WWI Battlefields and Paris （WBP）	On Monday we travel to London． After staying overnight in London，we travel on Day 2 to northern France to visit the World War I battlefields．On Day 3 we cross into Belgium．Thursday sees us make the short journey to Paris where we will visit Disneyland Paris park，staying until late to see the parade and the fireworks．Our final day，Friday，sees us visit central Paris and tour the main sights．	Mrs．Wilson	£425
Crafty Foxes（CRF）	Four days of product design centred around textiles．Making lovely objects using recycled and made materials． Bags，cushions and decorations…Learn skills and leave with modern and unusual textiles．	Mrs．Goode	£30
Potty about Potter （POT）	Visit Warner Bros Studio，shop stop to buy picnic，stay overnight in an approved Youth Hostel in Streatley﹣on ﹣Thames，guided tour of Oxford to see the film locations，picnic lunch outside Oxford's Christchurch，boating on the River Cherwell through the University Parks，before heading back to Exeter．	Miss Drake	£150

（1）Which activity will you choose if you want to go camping？ 　    　

A．OUT．

B．WBP．

C．CRF．

D．POT．

（2）What will the students do on Tuesday with Mrs． Wilson？ 　    　

A．	Travel to London．
B．	See a parade and fireworks．
C．	Tour Central Paris．
D．	Visit the WWI battlefields．

（3）How long does Potty about Potter last？ 　    　

A．	Two days．
B．	Four days．
C．	Five days．
D．	One week．

阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。

Some people live to climb the highest mountains. Some people live only dreaming about it while others live to avoid ever climbing at all. But one thing is certain, all people encounter mountains in their life.

When I was a little girl, my family moved to a tiny town at the bottom of a big mountain. One day after school, while exploring the green woods of this magnificent mountain, I almost fell on a set of stairs. What could these steps lead to? Curiosity got the best of me as I knew it would be starting to get dark soon. I started climbing up those strangely mysterious steps.

I climbed and climbed. There was nothing but just green bushes and these steps. I had to reach the top! But it was now getting real dark. If I kept going I might not be able to see my way back. My mom would be worried sick if I didn't come home soon. So I ran back home almost in the dark while trying not to get too scared.

Anxiously I went to bed dreaming about what I would find at the top of this magical mountain. Could there be a castle up there? Maybe I would find a monster(怪物). Maybe I was taking the risk of never coming back home. Or, maybe all I would find was absolutely nothing! But something inside me was going to climb that mountain at all cost. I could hardly wait to try this adventure again.

Now we live in a world surrounded by the "can't do" attitudes. We all fall down.We all have doubts and regrets. Still we must climb and dream about what's at the top of our mountain. Monsters may appear or the night will fall. But never ever give up on your dream! Never let anyone tell you, "You can't." Dream big and climb high!

（1）What made the author start to climb up the stairs to the mountain top? (no more than 5 words)    

（2）Why did the author hurry back home without reaching the top of the mountain? Give two reasons. (no more than 15 words)    

（3）How would you describe the author in terms of personalities according to Paragraph 4? (no more than 10 words)    

（4）How do you understand the underlined sentence in the last paragraph? (no more than 5 words)    

（5）What's your attitude towards the "mountain" in your life? Please explain. (no more than 20 words)    

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

D

Give yourself a test. Which way is the wind blowing? How many kinds of wildflowers can be seen from your front door? If your awareness is as sharp as it could be, you'll have no trouble answering these questions.

Most of us observed much more as children than we do as adults. A child's day is filled with fascination, newness and wonder. Curiosity gave us all a natural awareness. But distinctions that were sharp to us as children become unclear; we are numb(麻木的）to new stimulation(刺激), new ideas. Relearning the art of seeing the world around us is quite simple, although it takes practice and requires breaking some bad habits.

The first step in awakening senses is to stop predicting what we are going to see and feel before it occurs. This blocks awareness. One chilly night when I was hiking in the Rocky Mountains with some students, I mentioned that we were going to cross a mountain stream. The students began complaining about how cold it would be. We reached the stream, and they unwillingly walked ahead. They were almost knee-deep when they realized it was a hot spring. Later they all admitted they'd felt cold water at first.

Another block to awareness is the obsession(痴迷) many of us have with naming things. I saw bird watchers who spotted a bird, immediately looked it up in field guides, and said, a "ruby-crowned kinglet" and checked it off. They no longer paid attention to the bird and never learned what it was doing.

The pressures of "time" and "destination" are further blocks to awareness. I encountered many hikers who were headed to a distant camp-ground with just enough time to get there before dark. It seldom occurred to them to wander a bit, to take a moment to see what's around them. I asked them what they'd seen. "Oh, a few birds," they said. They seemed bent on their destinations.

Nature seems to unfold to people who watch and wait. Next time you take a walk, no matter where it is, take in all the sights, sounds and sensations. Wander in this frame of mind and you will open a new dimension to your life.

（1）According to Paragraph 2, compared with adults, children are more ____________.            

A．	anxious to do wonders
B．	sensitive to others' feelings
C．	likely to develop unpleasant habits
D．	eager to explore the world around them

（2）What idea does the author convey in Paragraph 3?            

A．	To avoid jumping to conclusions.
B．	To stop complaining all the time.
C．	To follow the teacher's advice.
D．	To admit mistakes honestly.

（3）The bird watchers' behavior shows that they __________.            

A．	are very patient in their observation
B．	are really fascinated by nature
C．	care only about the names of birds
D．	question the accuracy of the field guides

（4）Why do the hikers take no notice of the surroundings during the journey?            

A．	The natural beauty isn't attractive to them.
B．	They focus on arriving at the camp in time.
C．	The forest in the dark is dangerous for them.
D．	They are keen to see rare birds at the destination.

（5）In the passage, the author intends to tell us we should __________.            

A．	fill our senses to feel the wonders of the world
B．	get rid of some bad habits in our daily life
C．	open our mind to new things and ideas
D．	try our best to protect nature

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

C

There's a new frontier in 3D printing that's beginning to come into focus: food. Recent development has made possible machines that print, cook, and serve foods on a mass scale. And the industry isn't stopping there.

Food production

With a 3D printer, a cook can print complicated chocolate sculptures and beautiful pieces for decoration on a wedding cake. Not everybody can do that - it takes years of experience, but a printer makes it easy. A restaurant in Spain uses a Foodini to "re-create forms and pieces" of food that are "exactly the same," freeing cooks to complete other tasks. In another restaurant, all of the dishes and desserts it serves are 3D-printed, rather than farm to table.

Sustainability(可持续性）

The global population is expected to grow to 9.6 billion by 2050, and some analysts estimate that food production will need to be raised by 50 percent to maintain current levels. Sustainability is becoming a necessity. 3D food printing could probably contribute to the solution. Some experts believe printers could use hydrocolloids(水解胶体) from plentiful renewables like algae(藻类) and grass to replace the familiar ingredients(烹饪原料). 3D printing can reduce fuel use and emissions. Grocery stores of the future might stock "food" that lasts years on end, freeing up shelf space and reducing transportation and storage requirements.

Nutrition

Future 3D food printers could make processed food healthier. Hod Lipson, a professor at Columbia University, said, "Food printing could allow consumers to print food with customized nutritional content, like vitamins. So instead of eating a piece of yesterday's bread from the supermarket, you'd eat something baked just for you on demand."

Challenges

Despite recent advancements in 3D food printing, the industry has many challenges to overcome. Currently, most ingredients must be changed to a paste(糊状物) before a printer can use them, and the printing process is quite time-consuming, because ingredients interact with each other in very complex ways. On top of that, most of the 3D food printers now are restricted to dry ingredients, because meat and milk products may easily go bad. Some experts are skeptical about 3D food printers, believing they are better suited for fast food restaurants than homes and high-end restaurants.

（1）What benefit does 3D printing bring to food production?            

A．	It helps cooks to create new dishes.
B．	It saves time and effort in cooking.
C．	It improves the cooking conditions.
D．	It contributes to restaurant decorations.

（2）What can we learn about 3D food printing from Paragraphs 3?            

A．	It solves food shortages easily.
B．	It quickens the transportation of food.
C．	It needs no space for the storage of food.
D．	It uses renewable materials as sources of food.

（3）According to Paragraph 4, 3D-printed food _____________.            

A．	is more available to consumers
B．	can meet individual nutritional needs
C．	is more tasty than food in supermarkets
D．	can keep all the nutrition in raw materials

（4）What is the main factor that prevents 3D food printing from spreading widely?            

A．	The printing process is complicated.
B．	3D food printers are too expensive.
C．	Food materials have to be dry.
D．	Some experts doubt 3D food printing.

（5）What could be the best title of the passage?            

A．	3D Food Printing: Delicious New Technology
B．	A New Way to Improve 3D Food Printing
C．	The Challenges for 3D Food Production
D．	3D Food Printing: From Farm to Table

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

B

When I was 17, I read a magazine article about a museum called the McNay, once the home of a watercolorist named Marian McNay. She had requested the community to tum it into a museum upon her death. On a sunny Saturday, Sally and I drove over to the museum. She asked, "Do you have the address? ""No, but I'll recognize it, there was a picture in the magazine. "

"Oh, stop. There it is!"

The museum was free. We entered, excited. A group of people sitting in the hall stopped talking and stared at us.

"May I help you?" a man asked. "No," I said. "We're fine." Tour guides got on my nerves. What if they talked a long time about a painting you weren't that interested in? Sally had gone upstairs. The people in the hall seemed very nosy(爱窥探的), keeping their eyes on me with curiosity. What was their problem? I saw some nice sculptures in one room. Suddenly I sensed a man standing behind me. "Where do you think you are?" he asked. I turned sharply. "The McNay Art Museum!" He smiled, shaking his head. "Sorry, the McNay is on New Braunfels Street." "What's this place?" I asked, still confused. "Well, it's our home." My heart jolted(震颤). I raced to the staircase and called out, "Sally! Come down immediately! "

"There's some really good stuff(艺术作品）up there."She stepped down, looking confused. I pushed her toward the front door, waving at the family, saying, "Sorry, please forgive us, you have a really nice place." Outside, when I told Sally what happened, she covered her mouth, laughing. She couldn't believe how long they let us look around without saying anything.

The real McNay was splendid, but we felt nervous the whole time we were there. Van Gogh, Picasso. This time, we stayed together, in case anything else unusual happened.

Thirty years later, a woman approached me in a public place. "Excuse me, did you ever enter a residence, long ago, thinking it was the McNay Museum?"

"Yes. But how do you know? We never told anyone. "

"That was my home. I was a teenager sitting in the hall. Before you came over, I never realized what a beautiful place I lived in. I never felt lucky before. You thought it was a museum. My feelings about my home changed after that. I've always wanted to thank you."

（1）What do we know about Marian McNay?            

A．	She was a painter.
B．	She was a community leader.
C．	She was a museum director.
D．	She was a journalist.

（2）Why did the author refuse the help from the man in the house?            

A．	She disliked people who were nosy.
B．	She felt nervous when talking to strangers.
C．	She knew more about art than the man.
D．	She mistook him for a tour guide.

（3）How did the author feel about being stared at by the people in the hall?            

A．	Puzzled.
B．	Concerned.
C．	Frightened.
D．	Delighted.

（4）Why did the author describe the real McNay museum in just a few words?            

A．	The real museum lacked enough artwork to interest her.
B．	She was too upset to spend much time at the real museum.
C．	The McNay was disappointing compared with the house.
D．	The event happening in the house was more significant.

（5）What could we learn from the last paragraph?            

A．	People should have good taste to enjoy life.
B．	People should spend more time with their family.
C．	People tend to be blind to the beauty around them.
D．	People tend to educate teenagers at a museum.

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

Fire Prevention Information

The University of Adelaide employs a full-time staff of fire prevention professionals. They inspect all campus buildings and test and maintain all sprinkler(喷水灭火装置）systems, fire alarms, and fire extinguishers (灭火器). They also provide educational programs or fire safety in the residence hall. Whenever you move to a new area, you should locate the fire alarm pull stations and the two exits nearest your room.

Fire Alarms

The floors of all campus buildings are equipped with manual(手动的）fire alarm systems which include fire alarm pull stations and pipes. Most are also equipped with automatic fire alarm systems consisting of heat detectors, smoke detectors and sprinklers. For your safety, never tamper with(胡乱摆弄）these systems. False fire alarms are illegal and may lead to imprisonment.

Fire Drills

A fire drill will be conducted in your residence hall every semester. During a fire drill, please do the following:

•Take your room key and ID, close and lock the door to your room.

•Exit immediately from the nearest emergency exit do not use a lift.

•Meet outside of your residence hall and wait for further instructions.

Fire Extinguishers

Fire extinguishers are located on each floor and in each apartment. Use a fire extinguisher only if you have been trained to do so. Irresponsible use of a fire extinguisher can create a dangerous situation for other residents and could result in damage to personal property. Misuse of a fire extinguisher will result in fines.

Smoke Detector

A smoke detector is on the ceiling in your room. Some buildings also have heat detectors on the ceilings. Do the following to ensure the safe operation of your smoke detector:

•If your smoke detector is working properly, the red light should be on. If the red light is not blinking（闪动），contact residence hall staff immediately.

•Do not cover or block your smoke detector in any way.

•If a smoke detector sets off an alarm and there is no fire or smoke, inform your hall staff.

（1）What is the main duty of the fire prevention professionals?            

A．	To provide part-time jobs for students.
B．	To lead the students to the nearest exits.
C．	To check and maintain fire prevention equipment.
D．	To train teachers to be fire prevention professionals.

（2）What do the automatic fire alarm systems include?            

A．	Pipes and smoke detectors.
B．	Smoke detectors and sprinklers.
C．	Fire alarm pull stations and pipes.
D．	Sprinklers and fire alarm pull stations.

（3）In a fire drill, the students should.            

A．	rush quickly to a lift
B．	gather at the nearest exit
C．	shut the door and leave at once
D．	wait for instructions in the hall

（4）What do we know about the use of fire extinguishers?            

A．	Using them wrongly results in punishment.
B．	Irresponsible use of them can damage them.
C．	Improper use of them can destroy the apartment.
D．	Using them without a trainer present is forbidden.

（5）To ensure the safe operation of the smoke detector, one should_________.            

A．	contact the hall staff regularly
B．	cover the things that burn easily
C．	start the smoke detector in a fire
D．	make certain the red light is working

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

By the end of the century, if not sooner, the world's oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate, according to a new study.

At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms (海洋微生物) called phytoplankton. Because of the way light reflects off the organisms, these phytoplankton create colourful patterns at the ocean surface. Ocean colour varies from green to blue, depending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton. Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas, while reducing it in other spots, leading to changes in the ocean's appearance.

Phytoplankton live at the ocean surface, where they pull carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) into the ocean while giving off oxygen. When these organisms die, they bury carbon in the deep ocean, an important process that helps to regulate the global climate. But phytoplankton are vulnerableto the ocean's warming trend. Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth, since they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow, but also nutrients.

Stephanie Dutkiewicz, a scientist in MIT's Center for Global Change Science, built a climate model that projects changes to the oceans throughout the century. In a world that warms up by 3℃, it found that multiple changes to the colour of the oceans would occur. The model projects that currently blue areas with little phytoplankton could become even bluer. But in some waters, such as those of the Arctic, a warming will make conditions riper for phytoplankton, and these areas will turn greener. "Not only are the quantities of phytoplankton in the ocean changing." she said, "but the type of phytoplankton is changing."

（1）What are the first two paragraphs mainly about?            

A．	The various patterns at the ocean surface.
B．	The cause of the changes in ocean colour.
C．	The way light reflects off marine organisms.
D．	The efforts to fuel the growth of phytoplankton.

（2）What does the underlined word "vulnerable" in Paragraph 3 probably mean?            

A．	Sensitive
B．	Beneficial
C．	Significant
D．	Unnoticeable

（3）What can we learn from the passage?            

A．	Phytoplankton play a declining role in the marine ecosystem.
B．	Dutkiewicz's model aims to project phytoplankton changes
C．	Phytoplankton have been used to control global climate
D．	Oceans with more phytoplankton may appear greener.

（4）What is the main purpose of the passage?            

A．	To assess the consequences of ocean colour changes
B．	To analyse the composition of the ocean food chain
C．	To explain the effects of climate change on oceans
D．	To introduce a new method to study phytoplankton