高中英语阅读理解

I'm a 34-year-old man, married, lived in a nice house, and have a successful career as an educational consultant. But my life was not always so great. I had a learning disability from an early age. I went to a special school where I got plenty of extra help. Still, I suffered the rest of my school days in public schools.

My life improved remarkably when I discovered art. The art world gave me a chance to express myself without words. I went to a workshop and gradually got good at making things with clay(黏土). Here I learned my first important lesson: disabled as I was in language. I could still be smart and well express myself with clay. And my confidence came along.

I got my next lesson from rock climbing. It was a fun thing but I was scared from the start. I soon noticed it wasn't a talent thing; it was practice. So I did it more. After about five years of climbing, I found myself in Yosemite Valley on a big wall. I learned that if you fall in love with something and do it all the time, you will get better at it.

Later I decided to apply my previous experience to learning how to read and write. Every day I practiced reading and writing, which I used to avoid as much as possible. After two hard years, I was literate.

Having gone through the long process with art, rock climbing, and reading and writing, now I've got to a point in my life where I know I am smart enough to dive into an area that is totally unknown, hard, but interesting.

56. What made the author's school days difficult? (No more than 5 words)

57. Why did art give the author confidence? (No more than 10 words)

58. What lesson did the author learn from rock climbing? (No more than 15 words)

59. What is the meaning of the underlined part in Paragraph 4? (No more than 5 words)

60. How does the author's story inspire you to overcome difficulties in life? Put it in your own words. (No more than 20 words)

Failure is probably the most exhausting experience a person ever has. There is nothing more tiring than not succeeding.

We experience this tiredness in two ways: as start-up fatigue(疲惫) and performance fatigue. In the former case, we keep putting off a task because it has either too boring or too difficult. And the longer we delay it, the more tired we feel.

Such start-up fatigue is very real, even if not actually physical, not something in our muscles and bones. The solution is obvious though perhaps not easy to apply: always handle the most difficult job first.

Years ago, I was asked to write 102 essays on the great ideas of some famous authors. Applying my own rule, I determined to write them in alphabetical(按字母顺序), never letting myself leave out a tough idea. And I always started the day's work with the difficult task of essay-writing. Experience proved that the rule works.

Performance fatigue is more difficult to handle. Though willing to get started, we cannot seem to do the job right. Its difficulties appear so great that, however hard we work, we fail again and again. In such a situation, I work as hard as I can-then let the unconscious take over.

When planning E n cyclopaedia Britannica(《大英百科全书》), I had to create a table of contents based on the topics of its articles. Nothing like this had ever been done before, and day after dat I kept coming up with solutions, but none of them worked. My fatigue became almost unbearable.

One day, mentally exhausted, I wrote down all the reasons why this problem could not be solved. I tried to convince myself that the trouble was with the problem itself, not with me. Relived, I sat back in an easy chair and fell asleep.

An hour later, I woke up suddenly with the solution clearly in mind. In the weeks that followed, the solution which had come up in my unconscious mind provided correct at every step. Though I worked as hard as before, I felt no fatigue. Success was now as exciting as failure had been depressing.

Human beings, I believe must try to succeed. Success, then, means never feeling tired.

51. People with start-up fatigue are most likely to       .

A．	delay tasks
B．	work hard
C．	seek help
D．	accept failure

52. What does the author recommend doing to prevent start-up fatigue?

A．	Writing essays in strict order.
B．	Building up physical strength.
C．	Leaving out the toughest ideas.
D．	Dealing with the hardest task first.

53. On what occasion does a person probably suffer from performance fatigue?

A．	Before starting a difficult task.
B．	When all the solutions fail.
C．	If the job is rather boring.
D．	After finding a way out.

54. According to the author, the unconscious mind may help us      .

A．	ignore mental problems
B．	get some nice sleep
C．	gain complete relief
D．	find the right solution

55. What could be the best title for the passage?

A．	Success Is Built upon Failure
B．	How to Handle Performance Fatigue
C．	Getting over Fatigue: A Way to Success
D．	Fatigue: An Early Sign of Health Problems

When John was growing up, other kids felt sorry for him. His parents always had him weeding the garden, carrying out the garbage and delivering newspapers. But when John reached adulthood, he was better off than his childhood playmates. He had more job satisfaction, a better marriage and was healthier. Most of all, he was happier. Far happier.

These are the findings of a 40-year study that followed the lives of 456 teenage boys from Boston. The study showed that those who had worked as boys enjoyed happier and more productive lives than those who had not. "Boys who worked in the home or community gained competence (能力) and came to feel they were worthwhile members of society," said George Vaillant, the psychologist (心理学家) who made the discovery. "And because they felt good about themselves, others felt good about them."

Vaillant's study followed these males in great detail. Interviews were repeated at ages 25, 31 and 47. Under Vaillant, the researchers compared the men's mental-health scores with their boyhood-activity scores with their boyhood-activity scores. Points were awarded for part-time jobs, housework, effort in school, and ability to deal with problems.

The link between what the men had done as boys and how they turned out as adults was surprisingly sharp. Those who had done the most boyhood activities were twice as likely to have warm relations with a wide variety of people, five times as likely to be well paid and 16 times less likely to have been unemployed. The researchers also found that IQ and family social and economic class made no real difference in how the boys turned out. Working----at any age----is important. Childhood activities help a child develop responsibility, independence, confidence and competence---the underpinnings (基础) of emotional health. They also help him understand that people must cooperate and work toward common goals. The most competent adults are those who know how to do this. Yet work isn't everything. As Tolstoy once said, "One can live magnificently in this world if one knows how to work and how to love, to work for the person one loves and to love one's work."

46. What do we know about John?

A．	He enjoyed his career and marriage.
B．	He had few childhood playmates.
C．	He received little love from his family.
D．	He was envied by others in his childhood.

47. Vaillant's words in Paragraph 2 serve as _____.

A．	a description of personal values and social values
B．	an analysis of how work was related to competence
C．	an example for parents' expectations of their children
D．	an explanation why some boys grew into happy men

48. Vaillant's team obtained their findings by _____.

A．	recording the boys' effort in school
B．	evaluating the men's mental health
C．	comparing different sets of scores
D．	measuring the men's problem solving ability

49. What does the underlined word "sharp" probably mean in Paragraph 4?

A．	Quick to react
B．	Having a thin edge
C．	Clear and definite
D．	sudden and rapid

50. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

A．	competent adults know more about love than work.
B．	Emotional health is essential to a wonderful adult life.
C．	Love brings more joy to people than work does.
D．	Independence is the key to one's success.

Every man wants his son to be somewhat of a clone, not in features but in footsteps. As he grows you also age, and your ambitions become more unachievable. You begin to realize that your boy, in your footsteps, could probably accomplish what you hoped for. But footsteps can be muddied and they can go off in different directions.

My son Jody has hated school since day one in kindergarten. Science projects waited until the last moment. Book reports weren't written until the final threat.

I've been a newspaperman all my adult life. My daughter is a university graduate working toward her master's degree in English. But Jody? When he entered the tenth grade he became a "vo-tech" student(技校学生). They're called "motorheads" by the rest of the student body.

When a secretary in my office first called him "motorhead", I was shocked. "Hey, he's a good kid," I wanted to say. "And smart, really."

I learned later that motorheads are, indeed, different. They usually have dirty hands and wear dirty work clothes. And they don't often make school honor rolls(光荣榜).

But being the parent of a motorhead is itself an experience in education. We who labor in clean shirts in offices don't have the abilities that motorheads have. I began to learn this when I had my car crashed. The cost to repair it was estimated at ＄800. "Hey, I can fix it," said Jody. I doubted it , but let him go ahead, for I had nothing to lose.

My son ,with other motorheads, fixed the car. They got parts(零件）from a junkyard, non-toasting toaster have been fixed. Neighbours and co-workers trust their car repair to him.

Since that first repair job, a broken air-conditioner, a non-functioning washer and a non-toasting toaster have been fixed. Neighbors and co-workers trust their car repairs to him.

These kids are happiest when doing repairs. They joke and laugh and are living in their own relaxed world. And their minds are bright despite their dirty hands and clothes.

I have learned a lot from my motorhead: publishers need printers, engineers need mechanics, and architects need builders. Most important, I have learned that fathers don't need clones in footsteps or anywhere else.

My son may never make the school honor roll. But he made mine.

41. What used to be the author's hope for his son?

A．	To avoid becoming his clone.
B．	To resemble him in appearance.
C．	To develop in a different direction.
D．	To reach the author's unachieved goals.

42. What can we learn about the author's children?

A．	His daughter does better in school.
B．	His daughter has got a master's degree.
C．	His son tried hard to finish homework.
D．	His son couldn't write his book reports.

43. The author let his son repair the car because he believed that_______.

A．	His son had the ability to fix it.
B．	it would save him much time.
C．	it wouldn't cause him any more loss
D．	other motorheads would come to help.

44. In the author's eyes, motorheads are _______.

A．	tidy and hardworking
B．	cheerful and smart
C．	lazy but bright
D．	relaxed but rude

45. What did the author realize in the end?

A．	It is unwise to expect your child to follow your path.
B．	It is important for one to make the honor roll.
C．	Architects play a more important role than builders.
D．	Motorheads have greater ability than office workers.

A Language Programme for Teenagers

Welcome to Teenagers Abroad! We invite you to join us on an amazing journey of language learning.

Our Courses

Regardless of your choice of course, you'll develop your language ability both quickly and effectively.

Our Standard Course guarantees a significant increase in your confidence in a foreign language, with focused teaching in all 4 skill areas----speaking, listening, reading and writing.

Our Intensive Course builds on our Standard Course, with 10 additional lessons per week, guaranteeing the fastest possible language learning (see table below).

Course Type	Days	Number of Lesson	Course Timetab le
Standard Course	Mon－Ｆｒｉ	２０　ｌｅｓｓｏｎｓ	９：００－１２：３０
Intensive Course	Mon－Ｆｒｉ	２０　ｌｅｓｓｏｎｓ	９：００－１２：３０
		１０　ｌｅｓｓｏｎｓ	１３：００－１４：３０

Evaluation

Students　are　placed into classes according to their current language skills. The majority of them take on online language test before starting their programme. However, if this is not available, students sit the exam on the first Monday of their course.

Learning materials are provided to students throughout their course, and there will never be more than 15 participants in each class.

Arrivals and Transfer

Our programme offers the full package-students are take good care of from the start through to the very end. They are collected from the airport upon arrival and brought to their accommodation in comfort. We require the student's full details at least 4 weeks in advance.

Meals/Allergies( 过敏 )/Special Dietary Requirements

Students are provided with breakfast, dinner and either a cooked or packed lunch(which consists of a sandwich, a drink and a dessert). Snacks outside of mealtimes may be purchased by the student individually.

We ask that you let us know of any allergies or dietary requirements as well as information about any medicines you take. Depending on the type of allergies and/ or dietary requirements, an extra charge may be made for providing special food.

36. How does Intensive Course differ from Standard Course?

A．	It is less effective
B．	It focuses on speaking
C．	It includes extra lessons
D．	It give you confidence

37. When can a student attend Standard Course?

A．	13:00-14:30 Monday
B．	9:00-12:30 Tuesday
C．	13:00-14:30 Friday
D．	9:00-12:30 Saturday

38. Before starting their programme, students are expected to _____.

A．	take a language test
B．	have an online interview
C．	prepare learning materials
D．	report their language levels

39. With the full package, the programme organizer is supposed to_____.

A．	inform students of their full flight details
B．	look after students throughout the programme
C．	offer students free sightseeing trips
D．	collect students' luggage in advance

40. Which of the following may require an extra payment?

A．	Cooked dinner.
B．	Mealtime dessert.
C．	Packed lunch.
D．	Special diet.

A new collection of photos brings an unsuccessful Antarctic voyage back to life.

Frank Hurley's pictures would be outstanding----undoubtedly first-rate photo-journalism---if they had been made last week. In fact, they were shot from 1914 through 1916, most of them after a disastrous shipwreck(海滩), by a cameraman who had no reasonable expectation of survival. Many of the images were stored in an ice chest, under freezing water, in the damaged wooden ship.

The ship was the Endurance, a small, tight, Norwegian-built three-master that was intended to take Sir Ernest Shackleton and a small crew of seamen and scientists, 27 men in all, to the southernmost shore of Antarctica's Weddell Sea. From that point Shackleton wanted to force a passage by dog sled(雪橇) across the continent. The journey was intended to achieve more than what Captain Robert Falcon Scott had done. Captain Scott had reached the South Pole early in 1912 but had died with his four companions on the march back.

As writer Caroline Alexander makes clear in her forceful and well-researched story The Endurance, adventuring was even then a thoroughly commercial effort. Scott's last journey, completed as be lay in a tent dying of cold and hunger, caught the world's imagination, and a film made in his honor drew crowds. Shackleton, a onetime British merchant-navy officer who had got to within 100 miles of the South Pole in 1908, started a business before his 1914 voyage to make money from movie and still photography. Frank Hurley, a confident and gifted Australian photographer who knew the Antarctic, was hired to make the images, most of which have never before been published.

13. What do we know about the photos taken by Hurley?

A．	They were made last week
B．	They showed undersea sceneries
C．	They were found by a cameraman
D．	They recorded a disastrous adventure

14. Who reached the South Pole first according to the text?

A．	Frank Hurley	B．	Ernest Shackleton
C．	Robert Falcon Scott	D．	Caroline Alexander

15. What does Alexander think was the purpose of the 1914 voyage?

A．	Artistic creation	B．	Scientific research
C．	Money making	D．	Treasure hunting

Reading can be a social activity. Think of the people who belong to book groups. They choose books to read and then meet to discuss them. Now, the website BookCrossing.comturns the page on the traditional idea of a book group.

Members go on the site and register the books they own and would like to share. BookCrossing provides an identification number to stick inside the book. Then the person leaves it in a public place, hoping that the book will have an adventure, traveling far and wide with each new reader who finds it.

Bruce Pederson, the managing director of BookCrossing, says, "The two things that change your life are the people you meet and books you read. BookCrossing combines both."

Members leave books on park benches and buses, in train stations and coffee shops. Whoever finds their book will go to the site and record where they found it.

People who find a book can also leave a journal entry describing what they thought of it. E-mails are then sent to the BookCrossing to keep them updated about where their books have been found. Bruce peterson says the idea is for people not to be selfish by keeping a book to gather dust on a shelf at home.

BookCrossing is part of a trend among people who want to get back to the "real" and not the virtual(虚拟). The site now has more than one million members in more than one hundred thirty-five countries.

9. Why does the author mention book groups in the first paragraph?

A．	To explain what they are.
B．	To introduce BookCrossing.
C．	To stress the importance of reading.
D．	To encourage readers to share their ideas.

10. What does the underlined word "it" in Paragraph 2refer to?

A．	The book.	B．	An adventure.
C．	A public place.	D．	The identification number.

11. What will a BookCrosser do with a book after reading it?

A．	Meet other readers to discuss it.	B．	Keep it safe in his bookcase.
C．	Pass it on to another reader.	D．	Mail it back to its owner.

12. What is the best title for the text?

A．	Online Reading: A Virtual Tour	B．	Electronic Books: A new Trend
C．	A Book Group Brings Tradition Back	D．	A Website Links People through Books

Five years ago, when I taught art at a school in Seattle, I used Tinkertoys as a test at the beginning of a term to find out something about my students. I put a small set of Tinkertoys in front of each student, and said:"Make something out of the Tinkertoys. You have 45 minutes today - and 45minutes each day for the rest of the week."

A few students hesitated to start. They waited to see the rest of the class would do. Several others checked the instructions and made something according to one of the model plans provided. Another group built something out of their own imaginations.

Once I had a boy who worked experimentally with Tinkertoys in his free time. His constructions filled a shelf in the art classroom and a good part of his bedroom at home. I was delighted at the presence of such a student. Here was an exceptionally creative mind at work. His presence meant that I had an unexpected teaching assistant in class whose creativity would infect(感染) other students.

Encouraging this kind of thinking has a downside . I ran the risk of losing those students who had a different style of thinking. Without fail one would declare, "But I'm just not creative."

"Do you dream at night when you're asleep?"

"Oh, sure."

"So tell me one of your most interesting dreams." The student would tell something wildly imaginative. Flying in the sky or in a time machine or growing three heads. "That's pretty creative. Who does that for you?"

"Nobody. I do it."

"Really-at night, when you're asleep?"

"Sure."

"Try doing it in the daytime, in class, okay?"

5. The teacher used Tinkertoys in class in order to ________?

A．	know more about the students	B．	make the lessons more exciting
C．	raise the students' interest in art	D．	teach the students about toy design

6. What do we know about the boy mentioned in Paragraph 3?

A．	He liked to help his teacher.	B．	He preferred to study alone.
C．	He was active in class.	D．	He was imaginative.

7. What does the underlined word "downside" in Paragraph 4 probably mean?

A．	Mistake.	B．	Drawback.
C．	Difficulty.	D．	Burden.

8. Why did the teacher ask the students to talk about their dreams?

A．	To help them to see their creativity.	B．	To find out about their sleeping habits.
C．	To help them to improve their memory.	D．	To find out about their ways of thinking.

What's On?

Electric Underground

7.30pm－1.00am   Free at the Cyclops Theatre

Do you know who's playing in your area? We're bringing you an evening of live rock and pop music from the best local bands. Are you interested in becoming a musician and getting a recording contract(合同)? If so, come early to the talk at 7.30pm by Jules Skye, a successful record producer. He's going to talk about how you can find the right person to produce you music.

Gee Whizz

8.30pm-10.30pm   Comedy at Kaleidoscope

Come and see Gee Whizz perform. He's the funniest stand-up comedian on the comedy scene. This joyful show will please everyone, from the youngest to the oldest. Gee Whizz really knows how to make you laugh! Our bar is open from 7.00pm for drinks and snacks(快餐).

Simon's Workshop

5.00pm-7.30pm    Wednesdays at Victoria Stage

This is a good chance for anyone who wants to learn how to do comedy. The workshop looks at every kind of comedy, and practices many different ways of making people laugh. Simon is a comedian and actor who has 10 years' experience of teaching comedy. His workshops are exciting and fun. An evening with Simon will give you the confidence to be funny.

Charlotte Stone

8.00pm-11.00pm     Pizza World

Fine food with beautiful jazz music; this is a great evening out. Charlotte Stone will perform songs from her new best-selling CD, with James Pickering on the piano. The menu is Italian, with excellent meat and fresh fish, pizzas and pasta(面食). Book early to get a table. Our bar is open all day, and serves cocktails, coffee, beer, and white wine.

1. Who can help you if you want to have your music produced?

A．	Jules Skye.	B．	Gee Whizz.
C．	Charlotte Stone.	D．	James Pickering.

2. At which place can people of different ages enjoy a good laugh?

A．	The Cyclops Theatre	B．	Kaleidoscope
C．	Victoria Stage	D．	Pizza World

3. What do we know about Simon's Workshop?

A．	It requires membership status.	B．	It lasts three hours each time.
C．	It is run by a comedy club.	D．	It is held every Wednesday.

4. When will Charlotte Stone perform her songs?

A．	5.00pm-7.30pm.	B．	7.30pm－1.00am.
C．	8.00pm-11.00pm.	D．	8.30pm-10.30pm.

The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups. Silences may be thoughtful, or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say. A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness, or worry. Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap(间隙)with conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a

person's needs.

Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people, just as some

traditional Chinese and Thai persons do. Therefore, when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and

suddenly stops, what maybe implied(暗示) is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing. In these cultures, silence is a call for reflection.

Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power. For example, Russian, French, and Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic under discussion. However, Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her. In still another use, persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect, particularly to an elder or a person in authority.

Nurses and other care-givers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing. Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patient's silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily. A nurse who understands the healing(治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.

32. What does the author say about silence in conversations?

A．	It implies anger.
B．	It promotes friendship.
C．	It is culture-specific.
D．	It is content-based.

33. Which of the following people might regard silence as a call for careful thought?

A．	The Chinese.
B．	The French.
C．	The Mexicans.
D．	The Russians.

34. What does the author advise nurses to do about silence?

A．	Let it continue as the patient pleases.
B．	Break it while treating patients.
C．	Evaluate its harm to patients.
D．	Make use of its healing effects.

35. What may be the best title for the text?

A．	Sound and Silence
B．	What It Means to Be Silent
C．	Silence to Native Americans
D．	Speech Is Silver; Silence Is Gold

I am peter Hodes ,a volunteer stem courier. Since March 2012, I've done 89 trips of those , 51 have been abroad, I have 42 hours to carry stem cells（干细胞）in my little box because I've got two ice packs and that's how long they last, in all, from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor(捐献者) to the time they can be implanted in the patient, we've got 72 hours at most, So I am always conscious of time.

I had one trip last year where I was caught by a hurricane in America. I picked up the stem cells in Providence, Rhode Island, and was meant to fly to Washington then back to London. But when I arrived at the check-in desk at Providence, the lady on the desk said: "Well, I'm really sorry, I've got some bad news for you-there are no fights from Washington." So I took my box and put it on the desk and I said: "In this box are some stem cells that are urgently needed for a patient-please, please, you've got to get me back to the United Kingdom." She just dropped everything. She arranged for a flight on a small plane to be held for mere-routed(改道)me through Newark and got me back to the UK even earlier than originally scheduled.

For this courier job, you're consciously aware than that box you're got something that is potentially going to save somebody's life.

29.Which of the following can replace the underlined word "courier" in Paragraph17

A．	provider	B．	delivery man
C．	collector	D．	medical doctor

30.Why does Peter have to complete his trip within 42hours?

A．	He cannot stay away from his job too long.
B．	The donor can only wait for that long.
C．	The operation needs that very much.
D．	The ice won't last any longer.

31.Which flight did the woman put Peter on first?

A．

To London

B．

To Newark

C．

To Providence

D．

To Washington

Grandparents Answer a Call

As a third generation native of Brownsville, Texas, Mildred Garza never pleased move away,. Even when her daughter and son asked her to move to San Antonio to help their children, she politely refused . Only after a year of friendly discussion did Ms Gaf finally say yes. That was four years ago. Today all three generations regard the move to a success, giving them a closer relationship than they would have had in separate cities.

No statistics show the number of grandparents like Garza who are moving closer to the children and grandchildren. Yet there is evidence suggesting that the trend is growing. Even President Obama's mother-in-law, Marian Robinson, has agreed to leave Chicago and into the White House to help care for her granddaughters. According to a study grandparents com. 83 percent of the people said Mrs. Robinson 's decision will influence the grandparents in the American family. Two-thirds believe more families will follow the example of Obama's family.

"in the 1960s we were all a little wild and couldn't get away from home far enough fast enough to prove we could do it on our own," says Christine Crosby, publisher of grate magazine for grandparents .We now realize how important family is and how important"" to be near them, especially when you're raining children."

Moving is not for everyone. Almost every grandparent wants to be with his or her grandchildren and is willing to make sacrifices, but sometimes it is wiser to say no and visit frequently instead. Having your grandchildren far away is hard, especially knowing your adult child is struggling, but giving up the life you know may be harder.

25. Why was Garza's move a success?

A．	It strengthened her family ties.
B．	It improved her living conditions.
C．	It enabled her make more friends.
D．	It helped her know more new places.

26.What was the reaction of the public to Mrs. Robinson's decision?

A．	17% expressed their support for it.
B．	Few people responded sympathetically.
C．	83% believed it had a bad influence.
D．	The majority thought it was a trend.

27. What did Crosby say about people in the 1960s?

A．	They were unsure of raise more children.
B．	They were eager to raise more children.
C．	They wanted to live away from their parents.
D．	They bad little respect for their grandparent.

28. What does the author suggest the grandparents do in the lasr paragraph?

A．	Make decisions in the best interests' of their own
B．	Ask their children to pay more visits to them
C．	Sacrifice for their struggling children
D．	Get to know themselves better

You probably know who Marie Curie was, but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson.Of the outstanding ladies listed below, who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years?

Jane Addams(1860-1935)

Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank. Addans helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community(社区)by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need In 1931,Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.

Rachel Carson(1907-1964)

If it weren't for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today. Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world's lakes and oceans.

Sandra Day O ' Connor(1930-present)

When Sandra Day O'Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952,she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator(参议员) and ,in 1981, the first woman to join the U.S. Supreme Court. O'Connor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.

Rosa Parks(1913-2005)

On December 1,1955,in Montgomery, Alabama,Rasa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a passenger. Her simple act landed Parks in prison. But it also set off the Montgmery bus boycott. It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil-rights movement. "The only tired I was, was tired of giving in," said Parks.

21.What is Jane Addams noted for in history?

A．	Her social work.
B．	Her lack of proper training in law.
C．	Her efforts to win a prize.
D．	Her community background.

22. What is the reason for O'Connor's being rejected by the law firm?

A．	Her lack of proper training in law.
B．	Her little work experience in court.
C．	The discrimination against women.
D．	The poor financial conditions.

23. Who made a great contribution to the civil-rights movement in the US?

A．

Jane Addams.

B．

Rachel Carson.

C．

Sandra Day O'Connor.

D．

Rosa Parks.

24. What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text?

A．	They are highly educated.	B．	They are truly creative.
C．	They are pioneers.	D．	They are peace-lovers.

Not so long ago, most people didn't know who Shelly Ann Francis Pryce was going to become. She was just an average high school athlete. There was every indication that she was just another American teenager without much of a future. However, one person wants to change this. Stephen Francis observed then eighteen-year-old Shelly Ann as a track meet and was convinced that he had seen the beginning of true greatness. Her time were not exactly impressive, but even so, he seemed there was something trying to get out, something the other coaches had overlooked when they had assessed her and found her lacking. He decided to offer Shelly Ann a place in his very strict training seasons. Their cooperation quickly produced results, and a few year later at Jamaica's Olympic games in early 2008, Shelly Ann, who at that time only ranked number 70 in the world, beat Jamaica's unchallenged queen of the sprint(短跑).

"Where did she come from?" asked an astonished sprinting world, before concluding that she must be one of those one-hit wonders that spring up from time to time, only to disappear again without signs. But Shelly Ann was to prove that she was anything but a one-hit wonder. At the Beijing Olympic she swept away any doubts about her ability to perform consistently by becoming the first Jamaican woman ever to win the 100 meters Olympic gold. She did it again one year on at the World Championship in Briton, becoming world champion with a time of 10.73--- the fourth record ever.

Shelly-Ann is a little woman with a big smile. She has a mental toughness that did not come about by chance. Her journey to becoming the fastest woman on earth has been anything but smooth and effortless. She grew up in one of Jamaica's toughest inner-city communities known as Waterhouse, where she lived in a one-room apartment, sleeping four in a bed with her mother and two brothers. Waterhouse, one of the poorest communities in Jamaica, is a really violent and overpopulated place. Several of Shelly-Ann's friends and family were caught up in the killings; one of her cousins was shot dead only a few streets away from where she lived. Sometimes her family didn't have enough to eat. She ran at the school championships barefooted because she couldn't afford shoes. Her mother Maxime, one of a family of fourteen, had been an athlete herself as a young girl but, like so many other girls in Waterhouse, had to stop after she had her first baby. Maxime's early entry into the adult world with its responsibilities gave her the determination to ensure that her kids would not end up in Waterhouse's roundabout of poverty. One of the first things Maxime used to do with Shelly-Ann was taking her to the track, and she was ready to sacrifice everything.

It didn't take long for Shelly-Ann to realize that sports could be her way out of Waterhouse. On a summer evening in Beijing in 2008, all those long, hard hours of work and commitment finally bore fruit. The barefoot kid who just a few years previously had been living in poverty, surrounded by criminals and violence, had written a new chapter in the history of sports.

But Shelly-Ann's victory was far greater than that. The night she won Olympic gold in Beijing, the routine murders in Waterhouse and the drug wars in the neighbouring streets stopped. The dark cloud above one of the world's toughest criminal neighbourhoods simply disappeared for a few days. " I have so much fire burning for my country，"Shelly said. She plans to start a foundation for homeless children and wants to build a community centre in Waterhouse. She hopes to inspire the Jamaicans to lay down their weapons. She intends to fight to make it a woman's as well as a man's world.

As Muhammad Ali puts it, " Champions aren't made in gyms. Champions are made from something they have deep inside them. A desire, a dream, a vision." One of the things Shelly-Ann can be proud of is her understanding of this truth.

65.Why did Stephen Francis decide to coach Shelly-Ann?

A．	He had a strong desire to free her family from trouble.
B．	He sensed a great potential in her despite her weaknesses.
C．	She had big problems maintaining her performance.
D．	She suffered a lot of defeats at the previous track meets.

66.What did the sprinting world think of Shelly-Ann before the 2008 Olympic Games?

A．	She would become a promising star.
B．	She badly needed to set higher goals.
C．	Her sprinting career would not last long.
D．	Her talent for sprinting was known to all.

67.What made Maxime decide to train her daughter on the track?

A．	Her success and lessons in her career.
B．	Her interest in Shelly-Ann's quick profit.
C．	Her wish to get Shelly-Ann out of poverty.
D．	Her early entrance into the sprinting world.

68.What can we infer from Shelly-Ann's statement underlined in Paragraph 5?

A．	She was highly rewarded for her efforts.
B．	She was eager to do more for her country.
C．	She became an athletic star in her country.
D．	She was the envy of the whole community.

69.By mentioning Muhammad Ali's words, the author intends to tell us that ____.

A．	players should be highly inspired by coaches
B．	great athletes need to concentrate on patience
C．	hard work is necessary in one's achievements
D．	motivation allows great athletes to be on the top

70.What is the best title for the passage?

A．	The Making of a Great Athlete
B．	The Dream for Championship
C．	The Key to High Performance
D．	The Power of Full Responsibility

El Nifio, a Spanish term for "the Christ child", was named by South American fisherman who noticed that the global weather pattern, which happens every two to seven years, reduced the amount of fishes caught around Christmas. El Nifio sees warm water, collected over several years in the western Pacific, flow back eastwards when winds that normally blow westwards weaken, or sometimes the other way round.

The weather effects both good and bad, are felt in many places. Rich countries gain more from powerful Nifio, on balance, than they lose. A study found that a strong Nifio in 1997 helped American's economy grow by 15 billion, partly because of better agricultural harvest, farmers in the Midwest gained from extra rain. The total rise in agricultural in rich countries in growth than the fall in poor ones.

But in Indonesia extremely dry forests are in flames. A multi-year drought (干旱）in south-east Brazil is becoming worse. Though heavy rains brought about by El Nino may relieve the drought in California, they are likely to cause surface flooding and other disasters.

The most recent powerful Nino, in 1997-98, killed around 21,000 people and caused damage worth ＄36 billion around the globe. But such Ninos come with months of warning, and so much is known about how they happen that governments can prepare. According to the Overseas Development Institute (ODI), however, just 12% of disaster-relief funding in the past two decades has gone on reducing risks in advance, rather than recovery and rebuilding afterwards. This is despite evidence that a dollar spent on risk-reduction saves at least two on reconstruction.

Simple improvements to infrastructure (基础设施）can reduce the spread of disease. Better sewers (下水道）make it less likely that heavy rain is followed by an outbreak of the disease of bad stomach. Stronger bridges mean villages are less likely to be left without food and medicine after floods. According to a paper in 2011 by Mr Hsiang and co-authors, civil conflict is related to El Nino's harmful effects-and the poorer the country, the stronger the link. Though the relationship may not be causal, helping divided communities to prepare for disasters would at least reduce the risk that those disasters are followed by killing and wounding people. Since the poorest are least likely to make up for their losses from disasters linked to El Nino, reducing their losses needs to be the priority.

61.What can we learn about El Nino in Paragraph 1?

A．	It is named after a South American fisherman.
B．	It takes place almost every year all over the world.
C．	It forces fishermen to stop catching fish around Christmas.
D．	It sees the changes of water flow direction in the ocean.

62.What may El Ninos bring about to the countries affected?

A．	Agricultural harvests in rich countries fall.
B．	Droughts become more harmful than floods.
C．	Rich countries'gains are greater than their losses.
D．	Poor countries suffer less from droughts economically.

63.The data provided by ODI in Paragraph 4 suggest that_________.

A．	more investment should go to risk reduction
B．	governments of poor countries need more aid
C．	victims of El Nino deserve more compensation
D．	recovery and reconstruction should come first

64.What is the author's purpose in writing the passage?

A．	To introduce El Nino and its origin.
B．	To explain the consequences of El Nino.
C．	To show ways of fighting against El Nino.
D．	To urge people to prepare for El Nino.