If you’re looking for a new pet, don’t even think about Komodo dragons, which are the world’s largest lizards and can grow to be 10 feet long and weigh more than 300 pounds. Komodo dragons run fast and eat almost any kind of meat, including dead or live animals, other Komodo dragons and people. “ These things are powerful killing machines,” says Bryan Fry, a biologist.
If those reasons aren’t good enough, consider the bite of a Komodo dragon. According to a new study, it may kill prey like snakes by injecting venom. This chemical, according to Fry and his team of scientists at the University of Melbourne in Australia, can cause shock in the unlucky victim. A person or animal goes into shock when the body cannot offer enough blood to the organs to keep functioning. As a result, the body starts to shut down.
Scientists have only recently begun to understand why a Komodo dragon is so deadly. Some people used to believe that a Komodo dragon’s bite contained bacteria from the mouth that would cause a severe infection in the victim’s blood. The infection would finally kill the animal. Fry says that after being bitten by a Komodo dragon, animals usually die quickly.
After more studies, Fry and his team found that the Komodo dragon venom contained some of the same ingredients as snake venom. These ingredients thin the bolld and cause blood vessels to become larger. To test the venom, the scientists injected rats with it and observed that the rats became still.
Fry’s work show that Komodo dragons kill their prey with venom, and not by bacteria—and gives us another reason why we should avoid coming across them. That is easy to do, since they live only on a few islands in the tropical country of Indonesia.
(no more than 10 words) The underlined word “ venom” in Paragraph 2 probably means _________________.
Why does a victim get into shock after being injected?
According to Fry and his team, how do the ingredients in Komodo dragons’ venom affect their victims?
“If you’re looking for a new pet, don’t even think about Komodo dragons.” What does the author mean by saying that?
Advertising is used to make something such as a product, service, or idea known to the public. Many types of advertising are used for the purpose of building brands and increasing product sales. Advertising is present everywhere in our daily life.
Print media like magazines and newspapers allows advertisements to reach their readers. Magazines include articles and images intended to attract a specific(特定的)type of consumers. Newspaper advertising is not as effective as it was before because of the appearance of other types of advertisements.
Broadcast advertising includes TV and radio messages. Traditional forms of these types of advertisements are commercials(商业广告)shown during a television program or before a movie. Product placement advertising(植入式广告)is a less obvious way to promote a product. With product placement advertising, companies pay to have their product ‘used’ by an actor or actress in the program. When you see someone in a TV show or movie using a specific brand, this is product placement.
Internet advertising is one of the new types and can be achieved in a number of ways. Flash advertising refers to messages that jump onto your computer screen and often move around. They can be hard to close and are annoying, but a useful way of gaining your attention.
Outdoor advertising often uses advertising boards as its main way. Of course, the type of advertising also includes using cars with messages on them, or large signs placed on the sides of buses. They can also be signs in stadiums drawing the attention of large crowds.What’s the purpose of advertising? (no more than 8 words) (2 marks)
______________________________________________________________________What is product placement advertising? (no more than 11 words) (2 marks)
______________________________________________________________________How does flash advertising draw your attention? ( no more than 15 words) (3 marks)
______________________________________________________________________What does the passage mainly talk about? (no more than 6 words) (3 marks)
______________________________________________________________________
阅读下面短文并回答问题，然后将答案写到答题卡相应的位置上（请注意问题后的词数要求）。
[1]Oops! In your rush to get to school, you drop a piece of toast on the floor. Do you throw it away or decide it’s still OK to eat? If you’re like most people, you eat it. Maybe you follow the “5-second rule”, which claims foods are safe to eat，if you pick them up within 5 seconds of dropping them. But you might want to think again. Scientists now say that 5 seconds are all it takes for foods to become contaminated with enough bacteria to make you sick.
[2]Bacteria can cause many kinds of illnesses. Some kinds of bacteria can grow on food. If we eat foods on which these bacteria are growing, we can become sick. One of these food-borne bacteria is Salmonella. It makes 1.4 million people sick every year. Earlier this year, 370 people became sick after eating peanut butter that had been contaminated with Salmonella at the manufacturing factory. Salmonella are often found in raw eggs and chicken. Cooking kills these bacteria, which is why it is so important to cook eggs, chicken, and other foods carefully.
[3]Being a good housekeeper is another good way to prevent infection. If household surfaces aren’t washed thoroughly, they can support Salmonella for weeks. A team of scientists at Clemson University in South Carolina have tested the 5-second rule, using sandwich ingredients. First, they placed a known amount of Salmonella cells on three surfaces: wood, tile, and carpet. They then placed a slice of bread and a slice of bologna(博洛尼亚大红肠) on each surface for 5, 30, or 60 seconds. After just 5 seconds, both the bread and bologna picked up enough bacteria to make you sick.
[4]So forget the 5-second rule. If your toast lands on the floor, throw it away. Stick a fresh slice of bread in the toaster. And this time, be careful not to drop it! What is the “5-second rule” mentioned in the first paragraph? (no more than 18 words)
Why is it important for us to cook food carefully?(no more than 5 words)
What advice is given to prevent infection in the last paragraph? (no more than 10 words)
Why did the scientists at Clemson University carry out that test? (no more than 15 words.)
What is the author’s attitude towards the 5-second rule? (one word)
[1] Alice Munro wins the 2013 Nobel Prize in Literature, becoming the first Canadian woman to take the award since it was founded in 1901.
[2] Munro,82, only the 13th woman given the award, was praised by the Swedish Academy during the Nobel announcement in Stockholm as the "master of the contemporary short story. " "We're not saying just that she can say a lot in just 20 pages---more than an average novel writer can---but also that she can cover ground. She can have a single short story that covers decades, and it works, " said Peter Englund, permanent secretary of the Swedish Academy.
[ 3] Munro said she always viewed her chances of winning the Nobel as " one of those pipe dreams" that "might happen, but it probably wouldn't. " Munro's daughter woke her up to tell her the news. "It just seems impossible. A splendid thing to happen…More than I can say, " she said, overcome with emotion. " My stories have gotten around quite remarkably for short stories. I would really hope that this would make people see the short story as an important art, not something you play around with until you got a novel written. "
[4] Born in Ontario in 193I,Alice Anne Laidlaw studied journalism at the University of Western Ontario in London before dropping out to marry James Munro, a fellow student. She became a full-time housewife and mother of their children. She then moved to Victoria with her first husband and later returned to Ontario following their divorce. She married Fremlin in 1976.
[5] Three years ago, in an interview at Toronto's International Festival of Authors, Munro said she had battled cancer, but did not provide specifics. In June, she told the National Post she was "probably not going to write anymore. " Asked on Thursday whether she would reconsider that statement, Munro said______, " because I am getting rather old. "What is the text mainly about? ( no more than 15 words)
__________________________________________________________________________What is Peter Englund mainly talking about in paragraph two? ( no more than 5 words)
__________________________________________________________________________Please explain the underlined sentence in paragraph three.
__________________________________________________________________________How did Alice Munro get the news that she won the Nobel Prize? ( no more than 10 words)
__________________________________________________________________________Fill in the blank in the last paragraph with proper words. (no more than 5 words)
__________________________________________________________________________
The "Monster of Lake Tianchi" in the Changbai Mountains in Jilin province, northeast China, is back in the news after several recent sightings. The director of a local tourist office, Meng Fanying, said the monster, which seemed to be black in colour, was ten metres from the edge of the lake during the most recent sighting. "It jumped out of the water like a seal—about 200 people on Changbai's western peak saw it," he said. Although no one really got a clear look at the mysterious creature, Xue Junlin, a local photographer, claimed that its head looked like a horse.
In another recent sighting, a group of soldiers claim they saw an animal moving on the surface of the water. The soldiers, who were walking along the side of the lake, watched the creature swimming for about two minutes. "It was greenish-black and had a round head with 10-centimetre horns", one of the soldiers said.
A third report came from Li Xiaohe, who was visiting the lake with his family. He claims to have seen a round black creature moving quickly through the water. After three or four hundred metres it dived into the water. Ten minutes later the monster appeared again and repeated the action. Mr Li Xiaohe said that he and his family were able to see the monster clearly because the weather was fine and the lake was calm.
There have been reports of monsters in Lake Tianchi since the beginning of the last century, although no one has seen one close up. Some photos have been taken but they are not clear because it was too far away. Many people think the monster may be a distant cousin of the Loch Ness monster in Scotland. They also think that there might be similar creatures in other lakes around the world. Scientists, however, are sceptical. They say that the low-temperature lake is unlikely to be able to support such large living creatures.
Lake Tianchi is the highest volcanic lake in the world. It is 2,189 metres high and covers an area of about ten square kilometres. In places it is more than 370 metres deep.How many sightings of the monster does the article report?
_______________________________________________________________________________Who saw the monster clearly, and why?
_______________________________________________________________________________ Which description of the monster is most detailed?
_______________________________________________________________________________When was the monster first sighted?
_______________________________________________________________________________ What is special about Lake Tianchi?
_______________________________________________________________________________
请根据上下文内容，将文中划线部分译成汉语或者英语。
Nowadays, ads are playing an important part in our lives. 无论我们去哪里都能发现他们。I did some research on advertisements。
我有些重要的信息同大家分享。
One of the aims of ads is to persuade people to buy products or service or believe in an idea. So in this way, maybe the contents of some ads are not true and likely to use words of tricks for us to fall for them. So, with so many ads around, we should be smart about what to buy.
Not all ads play tricks on us though. The ads called public service advertisements may not be the same. They are meant to serve us and teach us and help us to lead better lives. PSAs are often placed in public places for free. They deal with widespread social concerns, which often benefit the public. Such as,
‘Yes to life, no to drugs’ and ‘Knowledge changes life.’ All of these ads are helpful, and you can learn a lot by following the advice they give.
Nowadays，studying abroad is popular in China with many rich parents. They would rather send their children abroad to receive education in English-speaking countries than let them be educated in China.
As every coin has two sides，studying abroad is the same．There are advantages for people to attend schools abroad. In the first place，he can use English in his daily life to improve his English greatly，as it is obvious that there is no better chance to improve English than living in the country where it is spoken. While studying in a foreign country，it is possible to make friends from all over the world. This is not only exciting on the social level，but could lead to important overseas contacts in his career as well. He can get familiar with the latest knowledge in science and make use of the best facilities available. In this way, he is able to widen his horizon and broaden his mind.
Of course，attending schools abroad may bring about a series of problems. The most serious problem is language barrier．Most of the students who go abroad don’t have enough skills in the language spoken there. As a result，on arriving there，they will find it difficult to understand what the teachers say. Besides，for lack of knowledge of the customs of the local people，they may constantly run into trouble in dealing with various situations.
In conclusion，given an opportunity to attend a school abroad，one must consider both sides of the factors carefully before making up his mind.
List two advantages of studying abroad.
What is the most serious problem of studying abroad?
What’s the passage mainly about?
〔1〕There are many useful suggestions and pieces of advice that can help one to improve English. Here are some useful suggestions and new tips to increase one’s English language vocabulary.
〔2〕Learning English vocabulary is about much more than just learning the right words. A broad grasp of vocabulary in the English language is based on understanding important expressions and “word combinations”, which means groups of words that often or always go together.
〔3〕Learning a word will not help very much if you quickly forget it. Research shows that it takes from 10 to 20 repetitions to really make a word part of your vocabulary. Since most words are learned from how they are used in context （上下文）, the more words one is exposed to（接触）, The easier one will find English to learn . Keep a writing pad close to you. When you read, pay close attention to the word you do not know, write the word down and try to figure out its meaning from the context. Then _______________________ in a dictionary.
〔4〕Remember that if you do not use English words that you have just learned in conversation or writing, you will forget them very quickly. So the best way to learn new words effectively is just by trying to use them in conversation and writing. Remember also that practice is the key to fluent spoken English.
〔5〕Building vocabulary is a life-long task. Remember, “In the beginning was the word.” Your future could depend on how rich your vocabulary is. It will also determine the quality of your communication. What is the main idea of the text? (no more than 10 words)
____________________________________________ ____________________Fill in the blank in Paragraph 3 with proper words. (no more than 5words)
____________________________________________________________ _____ Why does the author think context is important in learning English? (no more than 15 words)
___________________________________ ______________________________ What does the word “it” (Line 1, Paragraph 3) probably refer to? (no more than 9 words)
___________________________________ ______________________________ How would you increase your English vocabulary after reading the passage? List two ways. (no more than 18 words)
___________________________________ ______________________________
There is no doubt that people with good interpersonal skills have an advantage over others. Some people are born with these skills —they can just handle other people better than the rest. While some are blessed with this talent, others can acquire it over time. Here are a few tips to help you improve your interpersonal skills:
Get over yourself. If there is one thing that stops us from growing, it may well be the ego(自我). We are not always right, but we usually do not like to hear others say that we are wrong. We need to keep our egos well in check so that we do not miss out on other’s constructive criticism. Once we have this done there is little to stop us from getting ahead in life.
Get to understand others. Everyone knows this is not easy, especially when someone is trying to get you to look bad. But do try and put yourself into the other’s shoes. There is much to be learned from this.
Listen more than you hear. How often do we see people fighting their verbal selves to be able to be heard at the table? Let us choose to be one among those who listen, and not just hear. Even an animal can hear. A human should be able to hear, understand and respond to the other people around.
Practice is everything. Just as with all other things, working on your interpersonal skills calls for a bit of practice. Trying to be polite to your very close friends and family is a great place to start.
Once you put your mind to it, then that is half the battle won, and you will soon see your relationships __________ over time. List three of the tips mentioned in the text on improving your interpersonal skills. (within 8 words)
①_______ ②_______ ③_______How should we treat our egos, according to the author?(within 8 words)
_________________________________________________________________Which sentence in the text is the closest in meaning to the following one? We are un willing to hear others’ criticism although we do make mistakes sometimes.
_________________________________________________________________Fill in the blank in the last paragraph with proper words. (within 4 words)
_________________________________________________________________Translate the underlined sentence in the third paragraph into Chinese.
Sense of humor is just one of the many things shared by Alfred and Anthony Melillo, 64-year-old twin brothers from East Haven who made history in February 2012. On Christmas Eve, 2002, Anthony had a heart transplant(移植)from a 21-year-old donor(捐赠者). Two days before Valentine’s Day in 2012, Alfred received a 19-year-old heart, marking the first time on record that twin adults each received heart transplants.
“I’m 15 minutes older than him. But now I’m younger because of my heart and I’m not going to respect him, ”Alfred said with a smile, pointing to his brother while talking to a roomful of reporters, who laughed frequently at their jokes.
While the twins knew that genetics(遗传学)might have played a role in their condition, they recognized that their bad eating habits might have also contributed to their heart problems. “We’d put half a pound of butter on a steak. I overdid it on all the food that tasted good, so I guess I deserved what I got for not dieting properly. ”
The discussion moved to Anthony’s recovery. In the five years since his heart transplant, he had been on an exercise program where he regularly rode a bicycle for five miles, swam each day, and walked a couple of miles. He was still on medication(药物治疗)but not nearly as much as Alfred, who was just in the early stage of his recovery.
Alfred said his goal, of course, was to feel even better than his brother. “But”, he added, “I love my brother very much. We’re very close and I’m sure we’ll do just fine. ”What is this passage about? (within 10 words)
____________________________________________________________________What did Alfred and Anthony have in common in character according to Paragraph 1? (within 7 words)
____________________________________________________________________Why did Alfred say he was younger than Anthony? (within 8 words)
____________________________________________________________________What were the most probable two causes of the brothers’heart problem? (within 6 words)
What did Anthony do for five years after his operation? (within 7 words)
____________________________________________________________________
Stress is a condition that arises due to tension and other related factors. Although modem life has brought about many positive changes in our lives. yet there is one thing it has contributed greatly to, and that is mental and physical stress. Many stressful situations arise in our everyday life and in such situations it becomes hard to remain calm. There are various tips and techniques that can help one overcome stress.
One of the most advocated stress management techniques is breathing exercises. It can be done at any time of the day and at any place. Irregular, shallow breathing is observed when a person is stressed. So one must concentrate or their breathing pattern and try to take deep and regular breaths. Deep breathing is one of the best ways to alleviate stress. When a person takes deep breaths, an extra amount of oxygen enters the body. This inflow (流入) of oxygen helps in relaxing the muscles ,of the body, calming the mind as well as waking up the brain. thereby easing the person's stress that he is going through.
A well-balanced diet is crucial for maintaining healthy and helping to manage stress. A healthy diet involves all the essential nutrition in adequate amounts. Eating a good, healthy and nutritious breakfast is a good way to start your day and keep the energy levels up throughout the day. Eating five small meals instead of three large ones help in keeping a person energized too.
The most important of all stress management activities is to manage one's time well. To do this, planning ahead is very essential. Doing the most important tasks first, followed by the lesser important ones. will help too. By being consistent with one's work will help in better time management.
Besides the above activities, it is very important that a person gets adequate sleep every day to stay energized throughout the day. Besides, one should also take steps to prevent stress. All these can help to reduce stress and yield positive outcomes.What stress management tips are mentioned in the passage? (No more than 10 words)
What does the underlined word "alleviate" in paragraph 2 mean? (No more than 10 words)
What are the benefits of deep breaths? (No more than 15 words)
What is a healthy diet? (No more than 15 words)
How can you deal with your stress?(No more than 20 words)
阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
Big storms, high waves, technical failures, loneliness, After battling hard times and danger for over nine months. British teenager Mike Perham made history last month as the youngest person to sail solo (单独) around the world.
The 17-year-old made the record after he cleared the Panama Canal ( 巴拿马运河) and then sailed through the Caribbean and home across the Atlantic.
Mike is only three months younger than Zac Sunderland. the 17-year-old American boy who had taken the crown as the youngest solo around-the-world sailor in July.
The two youngsters met in Cape Town in South Africa as they crossed the globe in different directions. Mike insisted they were not rival (竞争对手). "No. It's two teenagers going out there, living their dream and having the adventure of a lifetime." he said.
Mike may be young, but he is no stranger to sailing adventures. He picked up the hobby at age 6 when his father took him out in a small boat on a local lake. Father and son sailed separate boats across the Atlantic when Mike was 14, making him the youngest person to cross that ocean solo. That record gave him the taste for this even greater challenge.
On the recent journey. the scariest moment for Mike came when his sailboat was hit by storms in the southem Indian Ocean.
"We were picked up by what felt like a 60-foot wave and threw down on our side at 90 degrees," he said.
"It felt like I was going right over. Stuff was flying around and I just thought 'Oh no'".
At other times, he had to dive into the Pacific and fix problems. He tied himself to the boat, jumped into the water and went to work with a knife in 30-second dives undemeath (在......之下) the boat to cut a rope away.
Mike said he felt proud that he made his dream come true. "You've got to have confidence in yourself that you will make it." he said.What's the main idea of the passage? (No more than 15 words)
Which canal did Mike Perham cross? (No more than 3 words)
What does the underlined word "taste" in the fifth paragraph mean? (1 word)
What did Mike believe in? (No more than lO words)
What do you think of Mike Perham? (No more than 10 words)
Doctors say anger can be an extremely damaging, unless you learn how to deal with it. They warn that anger can lead to heart disease, stomach problems, headaches, emotional problems and possibly cancer.
Anger is a normal emotion that we all feel from time to time. Some people express anger openly in a calm reasonable way. Others burst with anger, and scream and yell. But other people keep their anger inside. They can not or will not express it. This is called repressing anger.
For years many doctors thought that repressing anger was more dangerous to a person's health than expressing it. They said that when a person is angry, the brain releases the same hormones . They speed the heart rate, raise blood pressure, or sugar into the blood, etc. In general the person feels excited and ready to act.
Some doctors say that both repressing and expressing anger can be dangerous. They believe that those who express anger violently may be more likely to develop heart disease, and they believe that those who keep their anger inside may face a greater danger of high blood pressure.
Doctors say the solution is learning how to deal with anger. They say the first step is to admit that you are angry and to recognize the real cause of the anger, then decide if the cause is serious enough to get angry about.If it is, they say, "Do not express your anger while angry. Wait until your anger has cooled down and you are able to express yourself calmly and reasonably."
Doctors say that a good way to deal with anger is to find humor in the situation that has made you angry. They said that laughter is much healthier than anger.What is the purpose of this passage ?(within 10 words)
How many ways do people usually react if they are angry?(within 2 words)
What does the underlined word“They”refer to in Paragraph3?(within 2 words)
What kind of people tend to develop heart diseases according to the passage?(within 6 words)
According to the doctors,what is a good way to deal with anger?(within 3 words)
Speaking English is not only about using proper grammar. To use English effectively, you need to understand the culture in which it is spoken. Here are a number of important tips to remember when speaking English in the United States.
General Points to Remember
Most Americans only speak English: while it is true that more and more Americans speak Spanish, most Americans . Don’t expect them to understand your native language.
Americans have difficulties in understanding foreign accents: many Americans are not used to foreign accents. This requires patience from both of you!
Conversation Tips
Speak about locations: Americans love to talk about locations. When speaking to a stranger, ask him/her where he/she is from and then make a connection with that place. For example: “Oh, I have a friend who studied Los Angeles. He says it’s beautiful place to live in.” Most Americans will then willingly talk about their experiences while living in or visiting that particular city or area.
Talk about sports: Americans love sports! However, they love American sports! When speaking about football, most Americans understand “American Football”, not soccer.
Addressing People
Use last names with people you do not know: address people using their titles(Mr, Ms, Dr) and their last names.
Always use “Ms” when addressing women: it is important to use “Ms” when addressing a woman. Only use “Mrs” when the woman has asked you to do so!
Public Behaviors
Always shake hands: Americans shake hands when greeting each other. This is true for both men and women. Other forms of greeting are generally not appreciated. Smoking is out! Smoking, ever in public places, is strongly disapproved of by most Americans in the modern United States.What is the main idea of the text? (within 10 words)
Fill in the blank in Part 2 of the text with proper words? (within 5words)
What are the proper topics when speaking to a stranger in the United States? (within 3 words)
When you meet an American woman Karen Smith for the first time, how do you address her?(within 2 words)
What do Americans do when greeting each other? (within 6 words)
阅读下面的短文，并根据短文后的要求答题（请注意问题后的字数要求）。
[1]When children go to camp, they are on their own, sometimes for the very first time in their lives. They have to decide what to wear , what to eat and which activities to participate in . As a result they develop confidence and independence.
[2]As self-respect develops from learning to be on their own, children continues to try new activities . Also it is possible that they will engage in what they are unfamiliar with. In school, children do not experience success in the same way. Camp can be a school without failure because just having fun makes them a success.
[3] One of the greatest benefits of a camp experience is that children develop social skills. In camp setting, a good counselor(顾问) will make sure that every camper is included in the activity and that each child interacts with the others in a positive way. They learn to give and take, and they learn how to work and cooperate, Something as simple as clean-up , is not only there to get the cabin clean, but to promote a team atmosphere of working sogether which in turn results in friendship.
[4] The obvious benefit of camp is that campers make long lasting friendships .These friendships can often be unique and special because campers are living with each other and see the true personalities. Children learn to see others from a different viewpoint. Children tend to be accepted for who they are and do not have to be concerned about what they wear, what they are good at and how they look. This is because in a camp setting , respect and caring finally win out over materialistic(唯物的)objectives.
[5] In a word, camp does give children fun, friends and fulfillment.What is the passage mainly about?(No more that 10 words)
____________________________________________________________________________The underlined phrase“on their own”in Paragraph 1 can be replaced by .(No more than one word)
____________________________________________________________________________According to Paragraph 2, what makes camping different from a school?(No more than one word)
____________________________________________________________________________What is the main idea of Paragraph 3 ?(No more than 10 words)
____________________________________________________________________________According to paragraph 4 ,why can camping improve friendship?(No more than 15 words)
____________________________________________________________________________Explain the underlined sentence in Paragraph3.
____________________________________________________________________________According to the author, what can children get from camping?(No more than 4 words)
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