What would Barbie look like if she were average?
According to US artist Nickolay Lamm, she would be a brunette with a rounded face and a much thicker waist．
Frustrated with the unrealistic beauty standards of Barbie and her friends, Lamm took data from Disease Control and Prevention about an average 19-year-old American woman, who is about 163 cm tall, with a 84-cm waist． With those measurements, Lamm created a doll．
The doll-s tagline （口号）is “Average is beautiful．”
“I think a realistic-size doll is important because when I look at current dolls on the market, they all look like supermodels," the artist told APF． “I just had the impression that the wall of supermodels suggests that something is wrong with you if you don-t look like one． So I created an alternative to suggest that it’s OK to look like a normal person．"
The Lammily dolls, which are 27 cm tall, have been on sale since last month．
Lammily also has other features． Unlike Barbie and her friends, whose pointed legs would force her to walk on all fours if she were real, Lammily has articulated（枢接的） joints – able to walk, run, and play． The doll can even be put in a yoga position．
What’s more, the Lammily dolls include a sticker package that can help to add real-life marks to the dolls, including freckles, acne, moles, and tattoos．
“You can also add minor cuts and bruises, like ones you'd get from falling down while snowboarding," Lamm told NBC．
“I feel that, right now． dolls are very perfect looking, when, in real life, few of us have perfect skin," Lamm told The Huffington Post． “Things like pimples are a natural part of who we are． So, why not give dolls a real treatment?"
As The Huffington． Post said, "Getting kids used to the idea that these things are completely normal and not 6flaws'（缺陷） to be ashamed of can only be a good thing．"Why did Nickolay Lamm make the Lammily doll? （No more than 14 words） （2 marks）
How is the Lammily doll different from Barbie dolls? （No more than 13 words） （3 marks）
What does Lamm mean when he says, "why not give dolls a real treatment?" in the second-to-last paragraph? （No more than 1 words） （3 marks）
What is the author-s attitude toward Lammily dolls? （No more than 6 words） （2 marks）
More and more corporations are taking an interest in corporate social responsibility (CSR). CSR is made up of three broad layers. The most basic is traditional corporate charity work. Companies typically spend about 1% of pre-tax profits on worthy projects. But many feel that simply writing cheques to charities is no longer enough. In some companies, shareholders want to know that their money is being put to good use, and employees want to be actively involved in good works.
Money alone is not the answer when companies come under attack for their behavior. Hence the second layer of CSR, which is a branch of risk management. Starting in the 1980s, with environmental disasters such as the explosion at Bhopal and the Exxon Valdez oil spill, industry after industry has suffered blows to its reputation.
So, companies often responded by trying to manage the risks. They talk to non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and to governments, create codes of conduct（行为准则) and devote themselves to more transparency（透明）in their operations. Increasingly, too. they, along with their competitors, set common rules to spread risks.
All this is largely defensive, but there are also opportunities for those that get ahead of the game. The emphasis on opportunity is the third layer of CSR: the idea that it can help to create value. If approached in a strategic way, CSR could become part of a company's competitive advantage. That is just the sort of thing chief executives like to hear. The idea of "doing well by doing good" has become popular.
Nevertheless, the business of trying to be good is bringing difficult questions to executives. Can you measure CSR performance? Should you be cooperating with NGOs and you're your competitors? Is there any really competitive advantage to be had from a green strategy?
Corporate social responsibility is now seen as a mainstream. Big companies want to tell the world about their good citizenship with their devotion to social responsibilities. Done badly, CSR is often just window-dressing and can be positively harmful. Done well, though, it is not some separate activity that companies do on the side, a corner of corporate life reserved for virtue（美德）：it is just good business.
(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS)
| 1． |
Bothin some companies find it no longer enough to simply donate money to charities. |
| 2． |
Give one example of the defensive measures of risk management according to the passage. |
| 3． |
With the emphasis on opportunity, the third layer of CSR is meant to. |
| 4． |
According to the passage, "good business" (paragraph 6) means that corporationswhile making profits. |
Effective(有效的)listening is important for improving communication between people. The sad part is that we want others to listen to us, but we ourselves are bad listeners, therefore creating barriers(障碍) to effective listening. Here are some common barriers to effective listening and some ways of overcoming them.
Before the speaker finishes speaking, you think you know the answer already and interrupt him or her. This is one of the most common barriers to effective listening. Respect is important for good listening. If you think you know the answer, you still should listen carefully to what’s being said, and then make ready a few questions and answers, wait for several seconds and then start speaking.
Whenever a speaker speaks, many a time listeners try to help the speaker. Though it may seem as if you’re trying to help, actually it isn’t so. In fact you should set up a separate(单独的) meeting for advising the speaker. If you feel you have anything to say, which the speaker may not know, you should politely ask if you may suggest anything.
In a heated discussion, the speakers sometimes don’t agree to each other’s opinions and treat it as a competition, and then it becomes a barrier to good listening. To overcome this, you should express your opinions after the speaker has finished speaking. Speak out wherever you disagree, but also if you agree on anything, you should point it out.Why is effective listening important? (No more than 8 words.)2分
______________________________________________According to Paragraph 2, what prevents effective listening? (No more than 8 words.)2分
_________________________________________________What will you do if you really want to say anything the speakers may not know? (No more than 10 words.)3分
__________________________________________________How can you avoid treating a heated discussion as a competition? (No more than 10 words.)3分
__________________________________________________
阅读下面短文并回答问题,然后将答案写到相应的位置上（请注意问题后的字数要求）
[1]For thousands of young people everywhere, college means taking their first big step into adult life. What you do in your first year of college can have a big effect on the rest of your college years. Here are some tips of mine for you.
[2]Plan ahead. By the end of your first week, you’ll know when you should finish each of your study tasks. Put those on your list. More importantly, you need to finish them on time. Start making good use of your time at the beginning of the term.
[3]Eat right. College students often gain weight in their first year. Without Mom and Dad planning your meals, it’s easy to lose track of just how many calories you’re taking in. Try to limit the fast food and keep a varied diet.
[4]Talk to your professors. College students tend to be afraid of their professors. Don’t be. They’re there to help you. Visit a professor during his or her office hours just to chat now and again. Tell them about a book you have read, or ask for advice. And, of course, ask for help, whether with a tricky point in your readings or with big life issues（问题）. If nothing of these, a professor can point you in the right direction to find the resources（资源）you need.
[5] Speak up in class. Ask questions, answer the professor’s questions, and share your opinion as much as possible. There are no points for sitting quietly anymore.
[6] ________. There are so many resources available（可得到的） in the library – magazines, videos, and of course, the books you need for your papers. Learn as much as you can about your library. Talk with the librarians about the resources available in your field. Complete the following sentence according to Paragraph5. (no more than 5 words)
It’s useless and meaningless for you to ___________ in class.What does the underlined word “those” in Paragraph 2 refer to?(no more than 5 words)
__________________________________________________________________What’s the author’s advice on eating right? (no more than 10 words)
___________________________________________________________________Fill in the blank in Paragraph 6 with proper words. (no more than 5 words)
____________________________________________________________________What is the main idea of the text? (no more than 10 words)
__________________________________________________________________
[1]One out of many important things for the whole family to do is to have dinner together. Researchers began reporting the benefits of family dinner about a decade ago, focusing mainly on how it affects children. Studies show that those families who eat dinner at least 3 or 4 times a week together, benefit in many ways.
[2]Eating together helps families achieve open communication and build stronger and healthier relationships. Children have better grades at school and are better adjusted as teens and adults, and the entire family enjoys healthier nutrition. For many families, eating dinner together proves to be good and effective way to reduce the risk of youth rates of addiction, and helps to raise healthier children. It is also a great time to share the events of the day, discuss news and ideas and just be together and enjoy each other's company.
[3]During dinner time parents have better opportunity to show that the prior to their children. Sitting at the same table and sharing meals is where and when parents can find out more about their children's school performance, daily activities and attitudes toward life. When parents have all this information they can better direct their kids toward positive things in life. They also have better chance to reduce the possibility that children will get involved with alcohol, tobacco, and illegal drugs.
[4]However, family researchers say that the benefits of family dinner by no means can be considered as automatic. Parents can sit down to dinner with their kids every day and achieve nothing. _________ if there is too much arguing going on, if there is no meaningful conversation or, what is even worse, if there is just plain silence during gathering. What is the main idea of the text? (no more than 8 words)
________________________________________________________________What is the author’s attitude to family dinner?（no more than 2 words）
_________________________________________________________________Fill in the blank in Paragraph 4 with proper words. (no more than 8 words)
_________________________________________________________________What information can parents probably get about their children at family dinner? (no more than 12 words)
_________________________________________________________________What does the word underlined in Para. 3 refer to.(No more than 2 words)?
________________________________________________________________
Most people look forward to retirement as a time when they can finally take up activities that they never had the time or energy to pursue before. Bust some recent studies on people in their golden years are disturbing: they suggest that retirees are more likely to suffer from depression and possibly higher rates of other diseases such as heart disease and high blood pressure. That’s why a new study of French workers is welcome news.
Led by Hugo Westerlund, a professor of psychology at Stockholm University, the study of more than 14,000 workers found lower rates of depression and fatigue(疲劳) in people after they got tired while they were still employed.
The scientists followed the employees of the French national gas and electric company for 14 years. They found in the year immediately after retirement, the volunteers reported 40% fewer depressive symptoms than they had in the year before their retirement. The researchers also found an 81% drop in reports of both mental and physical fatigue over the same time period.
Clearly, said Westerlund, much of these decrease in physical and mental fatigue can be traced back to relief from the stresses of work. The decline in depressive symptoms suggests that retirement may be having a positive mental effect, too, which may have a lot to do with the generous pensions(养老金) that French workers enjoy. Most retirees in that country still benefit from about 80% of their yearly salaries.
“The economic or financial situation in retirement is very important,” Westerlund says. “We don’t know if the decrease in fatigue and depressive symptoms is because of the removal of something bad while in work or the addition of something good while in retirement. But no matter the reason, if life in retirement is not comfortable, then we won’t see the improvements we did.”
However, in European nations like France, governments are considering changes to pension plans, which may affect retirees’ health after they leave their jobs—with less of a financial safety net, workers may no longer seem so mentally and physically happy to be out of work.
(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS)According to some recent studies, retired people may have depression and higher rates of other disease like ____________________________________.
Westerlund’s group found that in the year just after the retirement most retired French workers felt much less tired both __________________________________.
What dies the word “improvements” in paragraph 5 refer to?
_______________________________________________________________Retirement may make people happier with ___________________________________
[1]Why is physical education important for students? There are many reasons. First of all, this subject helps them achieve the primary goal of physical education, which is physical fitness. As part of this, they can learn that it is highly important to include exercise and physical activities as part of their lifestyle.
[2]Physical education helps children achieve a healthy lifestyle. Inside the classroom, teachers educate kids about highly relevant issues such as the importance of hygiene (卫生) and health. This subject will help them realize the importance of having strong bodies. Likewise, it will also teach them how to have a healthy and an active lifestyle.
[3]Taking PE classes can help of students. Being confident is very important to them as they grow and become responsible as well as competitive adults someday. This aspect (方面) of physical education is extremely important in the character development of students. Furthermore, it will teach them how to have a positive attitude.
[4]Physical education can teach students a set of all-important values. For example, it teaches students to fight like sportsmen and to cooperate with others to achieve one common goal as a team.
[5]Physical education also helps students develop their motor skills. On this kind of program, they are placed in situations where they can further develop and improve their reflexes (反应), concentration and body posture. By taking this class, they can realize their full potential as individuals and as part of a team.
[6]Moreover, physical education is also a means of enjoyment for students. By engaging in sports and physical activities, they can spend some pleasant time away from their other usual academic subjects. By doing so, they can achieve healthy minds and bodies. What’s the text mainly about? (no more than 6 words)
What does the underlined word “it” (Line 3 paragraph 2) probably refer to? (no more than 3 words)
Fill in the blank in Paragraph 3 with proper words. (no more than 4 words)
Based on the text, list two values that students can learn in PE classes. (no more than 6 words)
How can a student keep healthy physically and mentally? (no more than 9 words)
阅读下面短文, 请根据短文后的要求进行答题。（请注意问题后的字数要求）
[1]Everybody is familiar with Christmas music； its played everywhere. Whether it's the music from a grocery store or random(随机的）songs on the radio， holiday music remains to flood in the air from the day after Thanksgiving to the beginning of December. Christmas music gets extremely over- played through the Holiday season. “'I think the common seasonal Christmas music is annoying because it keeps being played over and over.”said junior Devin McFarland.
[2]The Christmas music still played today is what she heard in her childhood. Some famous Christmas songs have never been changed. The original music is played so much that in some cases people dream about or even sing Christmas music__________. She wishes that there was a wider variety of songs. She likes the newer Christmas songs that bands either re- make or write themselves. "They have a fresher sound to Christmas songs, and they add their own characteristics to them so that they are more like their own songs. ” McFarland explained.
[3]Christmas is known as a happy and homecoming festival, so the holiday season is meant to be spent happily with your family. It is recognized that the music media wants to get the point across and add to the festival atmosphere. But isn't the music being pushed to the public too much?
[4]Most grocery stores play the music non-stop ，Christmas song after Christmas song， disgusting the customers who don't like that kind of music. You can walk through stores and attempt turning off the music, but sometimes it's impossible to do so. On the other hand, almost everyone has witnessed random persons walking along happily and either singing or whistling to the tune of the song that's played throughout the store.What is the main idea of the passage? (no more than 10 words)
Why is the common seasonal Christmas music annoying? (no more than 8 words)
What does the music media hope to tell the public?
Fill in the blank in Paragraph 2 with proper words.(no more than 3 words)
What does the word “them” (Line 6 Paragraph 2) probably refer to? (no more than 4 words)
阅读下面短文，根据小题的具体要求，简要回答问题。
Their round bodies, round flat noses and large ears often remind us of bears every time we see koalas. Probably that’s why these animals are often referred to as koala bears. Koalas are natives of Australia. However, they aren’t found all over the continent. The habitat of koala bears is eastern regions of Australia and South Australia.
Koalas are found where there are enough forests of eucalyptus(桉树) trees. The association of koalas and eucalyptus trees is due to the fact that these animals feed on the leaves of eucalyptus trees. But that’s not all. In addition, the trees also serve as the homes of the koalas.
Koalas grow around 27 to 36 inches tall and weigh 5 to 9 kilograms on average. Male kaolas are larger than the females. Life can stretch up to 17 years.
Like many other animals, the habitat of koala bears is fast decreasing due to deforestation and quick urbanization(都市化). However, efforts by some scientists and animal lovers have successfully introduced these creatures back in certain parts of Australia.What do Koalas look like ? (回答词数不超过3个)
Where is the main habitat of koala bears in the world? (回答词数不超过8个)
What do eucalyptus trees provide koalas with ? (回答词数不超过3个)
阅读下面的短文，请根据短文后的要求答题（请注意问题后的词数要求）。
[1]Global difference in intelligence is a sensitive topic, long filled with a large number of different opinions. But recent data has indeed shown cognitive (认知的) ability to be higher in some countries than in others. What's more, IQ scores have risen as nations develop—a phenomenon known as the "Flynn effect". Many causes have been put forward for both the intelligence difference and the Flynn effect, including education, income, and even non-agricultural labor. Now, a new study from researchers at the University of New Mexico offers another interesting theory: intelligence may be linked to infectious-disease rates.
[2]The brain, say author Christopher Eppig and his colleagues, is the "most costly organ in the human body". Brainpower consumes almost up to 90 percent of a newborn's energy. It's clear that if something affects energy intake while the brain is growing, the impact could be long and serious. And for vast parts of the globe, the biggest threat to a child's body—and therefore brain—is parasitic (由寄生虫引起的) infection. These illnesses threaten brain development________________. They can directly attack live tissue, which the body must then try every means to replace. They can invade the digestive pipe and block nutritional intake. They can rob the body's cells for their own reproduction. And then there's the energy channeled (输送) to the immune system to fight the infection.
[3]Using data on national "disease burdens" (life years lost due to infectious diseases) and average intelligence scores, the authors found they are closely associated. The countries with the lowest average IQ scores have the highest disease burdens without exception. On the contrary, nations with low disease burdens top the IQ list.
[4]If the study holds water, it could be revolutionary for our understanding of the still-confusing variation in national intelligence scores.What is the main idea of the text？(no more than 10 words)
________________________________________________________________________Complete the following statement with proper words.(no more than 4 words)
Those countries that have the ________________ are always at the bottom of the IQ list. Fill in the blank in Paragraph 2 with proper words.(no more than 5 words)
___________ What can cause intelligence difference？(no more than 8 words)
______________________________________________________________________What does the word “they” (Line2, paragraph3)probably refer to? (no more than 8 words)
______________________________________________________________________
阅读短文并回答问题，将答案写到答题卡相应的位置上（请注意问题后的词数要求）。
You can't avoid a conflict at work. If you can avoid a conflict, it means you will win what you want regardless of what the other person wants. Since the potential issue has not been removed, it will simply reappear later. Here are the necessary steps to effectively get rid of conflicts at work.
★ Realize that some conflicts are unavoidable at work. On numerous occasions, conflict and disagreement are likely to happen. But when a conflict happens it's not the end of the world. On the contrary, it can be the beginning of an interesting learning process. Conflicts mean that people care enough to disagree strongly. The trick is not to allow the conflict to go on forever.
★ Handle conflicts sooner rather than later. Solve a conflict when it starts, as it only gets worse with time going by. Conflicts at work arise not from something that was said, but from something that wasn't said! Everyone's waiting for the other to admit he's wrong and gets more unpleasant after the conflict has lasted a while. It's essential to interrupt the "waiting game" before it gets to that point.
★ Ask nicely. If somebody has done something that made you angry, or if you don't understand their viewpoint or actions, simply asking nicely about it can make a world of difference. Never assume that people do what they do to annoy or hurt you. Sometimes there's a good reason why that person does what he or she does, and a potential conflict disappear right there. Do remember to make an inquiry, not an accusation of any sort.
★ Appreciate. Praise the other part in the conflict. Tell them why it's worth it to you to solve the conflict. This can be difficult as few people find it easy to praise and appreciate a person they disagree strongly with, but it's a great way to move forward.
| Topic |
How to |
| Reason |
Conflicts won't |
| ● Don't be afraid of conflicts which can happen in many ●Interrupt the "waiting game" and try to admit your ● Don’t imagine people do something to make you ● Remember not to ● Try to appreciate the other part in the conflict although it is |
|
| As long as you learn to do with conflicts, you'll work in joy. |
The Internet has changed the world we live in dramatically, so that in some ways it is unrecognizable from the place we lived in twenty years ago. Communications have been revolutionized. Not only have cell phones found their way into most people’s pockets or purses, but they are also used for next messaging and as cameras. Long distance phone calls have been replaced by e-mail and video conferencing. Communications, person to person or company to company, have turned into a fast-paced exchange with instant response. In fact, it has become more convenient and efficient.
The other kind of communication the Internet provides is information. School children and medical researchers alike will tell you that they could not work without the Internet and its ability to connect them to any number of websites and databases of information. Many people do their banking on-line. Others plan a trip and book a flight for themselves. People do their own stock trading through the Net. Sports fans follow scores and statistics on websites. Political junkies(政治狂) gather campaign statements and debate topics, even between elections. And almost everyone who owns a computer and has Internet access has bought at least one item on-line. No wonder some young people can not imagine what life was like before the Internet.
Some Advantages of the Internet
I. of the Internet communication
●A fast-paced exchange replacing long distance phone calls with like e-mail and vedio conferencing
II. Accessibitlity to the Internet information
●On-line service
Convenience to do banking at home or office
● service
Choices of booking traffic and accommodation
●Sports websites
Information about scores and statistics
●Political websites
Campaign statements and
阅读下面短文，并根据短文后的要求答题（请注意问题后的字数要求）。
［1］If you are worried about things and are under a lot of stress at work or school，then you are prob-ably not sleeping well. Worry can keep you awake，tossing and turning in bed until the early hours of the morning when you eventually fall asleep. When you wake up，you don't feel refreshed，but tired and worn out and unable to face a new day.
［2］ Dr. Henry Winkle，in a recent newspaper article entitled Stress and Sleep，indicates that .Dr. Winkle says，“The more we worry，the less we sleep，the more we are unable to deal with stress. If we can find a way to get a good night's sleep，”he adds，“we can often find the energy to deal with what's worrying us.”
［3］So，what is a good night's sleep? Research shows that the amount of sleep which people need in order to keep healthy varies a lot. Seven hours is about the average amount，though strangely enough，sleeping longer often gives you a headache instead of making you feel more refreshed.
［4］Dr. Winkle believes that preparing for sleeping is important. People who work late should try to give themselves a short break and do something restful before going to bed. This could be watching TV or listening to music. Doing some exercise earlier in the day should help you to feel physically as well as mentally tired. A bedtime drink can also help，but coffee or tea should be avoided as they contain caffeine and will keep you awake.
［5］ “When you put the light out，” Dr. Winkle says，“concentrate on relaxing your muscles，working slowly up from your feet，and you 'll be asleep before you know it.”What is the main idea of the text? (no more than 5 words)
Complete the following statement with words from Paragraph 2. ( no more than 3 words)
People shouldn't go to sleep immediately but should after working late in the night.Point out the disadvantage of drinking coffee and tea before going to bed. (no more than 6 words)
Fill in the blank in Paragraph 2 with proper words. (no more than 10 words)
What does the word “it” (Line2，Paragraph5) probably refer to? (no more than 3 words)
请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。注意：每空格1个单词。
Cross-Cultural Solutions (CCS) is a non-profit organization founded in 1995, widely known as the leading organization in the field of international volunteering, with more than 4,000 volunteers each year. CCS has a worldwide staff（员工、团队） of more than 300 people, and operates in 12 countries, with administrative（行政的） offices also located in the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, and Australia. It offers volunteer programmes in 12 countries in Africa, Asia, Eastern Europe and Latin America.
Cross-Cultural Solutions’ volunteer programmes in China are located in Xi’an, the crossroads of Western and Eastern China, and the starting point of the Silk Road. Culturally, Xi’an is a mixture of the ancient and modern worlds. Home to the famous terracotta army, Xi’an was once the imperial capital of China. The city’s ancient history is embodied by the huge stone walls that surround the city centre, originally intended to protect the city from invasion. In the modern world, Xi’an is the largest capital city in Central and Western China. Today, with a population of approximately eight million, this modern city still reflects its rich history and culture.
China’s diverse population is well represented in Xi’an’s Han and other minorities. Volunteering in Xi’an will provide you with opportunities to connect with individuals from a variety of backgrounds, exposing you to the wide scope of Chinese culture, one of the largest and most ancient cultures in the world.
Through our cultural and learning activities in China, you will see the work of local artists, visit the site of the famous ancient terracotta（兵马俑） army, participate in weekly Chinese classes, and engage in lively discussions on Chinese culture and society. Activities may also include cooking classes or visits from experts in the practice of traditional Chinese medicine and a local painter skilled in the unique arts of Chinese painting and calligraphy(书法). Guest speakers may also cover topics such as Chinese folklore（民间传说,民俗;民俗学）and traditional Chinese music. Many volunteers choose to participate in regular visits to local universities to meet with students interested in English conversation and cultural exchange.
CCS offers the following programmes in Xi’an, China:
t Volunteer Abroad---- two to twelve weeks
t Intern Abroad---- three to four weeks
t Insight Abroad---- one week
| About Cross-Cultural Solutions |
||||
| l Founded in 1995, it is a (1)_______ in the field of international volunteering. l It operates and offers volunteer programmes in 12 countries. |
||||
| About Cross-Cultural Solutions’ volunteer programmes in Xi’an, China |
||||
| (2)________ |
Xi’an |
Past |
It was where the Silk Road (3) _______. It used to be the imperial capital of China. |
|
| Present |
It has a (4)________ of about eight million, including Han and other minorities. |
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| Conclusion |
It is a city (5)_______ in history and culture. |
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| (6) ________ |
Seeing local artists’ work Visiting the famous terracotta army Having Chinese classes (7) ________ a week Discussing Chinese culture and society Being visited by a local painter and experts in traditional Chinese medicine Listening to (8)________about Chinese folklore and traditional Chinese music Visiting local universities and meeting students who take interest in English conversation and cultural exchange |
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| Benefits |
Volunteers can connect with individuals from various (9)________ and understand many different aspects of Chinese culture. |
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| (10)________of programmes |
Volunteer Abroad, which lasts two to twelve weeks Intern Abroad, which lasts three to four weeks Insight Abroad, which lasts one week |
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阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
Born in 1949, Diana Nyad took an early interest in swimming as a sport and was a Florida State High School swimming champion. Like many young athletes, she had Olympic dreams, but a serious illness kept her from competing in the Games. The disappointment didn’t stop her from going forward. Instead, she became interested in marathon swimming. A brilliant athlete, she was well-conditioned for spending long periods of time in the water. As a long-distance swimmer, she would compete against herself and the obstacles presented by distance, danger, cold, and exhaustion.
For ten years Nyad devoted herself to becoming one of the world’s best long-distance swimmers. In 1970, she swam a ten-mile marathon in Lake Ontario, setting the women’s record for the course. In 1972 she set another record by swimming 102.5 miles from an island in the Bahamas to the coast of Florida. Then she broke a third record when swimming around Manhattan Island in 1975.
Nyad attempted to swim the distance between Florida and Cuba in 1978. Though the span of water is less than 100 miles wide, it is rough and dangerous. After battling the water for two days, she had to give for the sake of her own health and safety. Even so, she impressed the world with her courage and strong desire to succeed. For Nyad her strength of purpose was just as important as reading Cuba. That is how she defined success. It did not matter that her swim came up short; she believed she had touched the other shore.
When Nyad ended her career as a swimmer, she continued to try new things---travelling the world as a reporter, writing books and giving public speeches about her life. Diana Nyad works to inspire others, just as she did when she swam the waters of the world.What prevented Nyad from taking part in the Olympic Games? (No more than 5 words)
__________________________________________________________________________What does the underlined word “obstacles” mean? (1 word)
___________________________________________________________________________What achievement did Nyad make in 1970? (No more than 10 words.)
________________________________________________________________________________Why did Nyad believe that she had touched the other shore? (No more than 10 words)
___________________________________________________________________________Please explain how you are inspired by Nyad. (No more than 20 words)
_______________________________________________________________________________
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