B
“Fingers were made before forks.” When a person gives up good manners, put aside knife and fork, and dives into his food, someone is likely to repeat that saying.
The fork was an ancient agricultural tool, but for centuries no one thought of eating with it. Not until the eleventh century, when a young lady from Constantinople brought her fork to Italy, did the custom reach Europe.
By the fifteenth century the use of the fork was wide-spread in Italy. The English explanation was that Italians were unwilling to eat food touched with fingers, “seeing all men’s fingers are not alike clean.
Anyone who used a fork to eat with was laughed at in England for the next hundred years. Not until the late 1600’s did using a fork become a common custom.
60. The custom of eating with a fork was ________.
A. brought to Europe from America B. begun when forks first invented
C. brought to Europe from Constantinople D. thought of by the Italians
61. By the fifteenth century, forks were used________.
A. all over Italy B. only in Constantinople
C. by the kings and queens of Europe D. in England
62. The English thought that Italians used forks in order to________.
A. imitate（模仿）the people of the East B. keep their food clean
C. impress visitors with their good manners D. amuse (逗笑) the English
63. The best title of the passage is “_________’.
A. Eating with a Fork B. The History of Eating with a Fork
C. A Way of Eating D. A Custom of Eating
B
It is surprising that eating three meals a day ─ breakfast, lunch, and dinner ─ has been a custom only since 1890. Before this time, they only had two meals a day ─ breakfast and dinner.
In the 16th century, breakfast was only to break one's fast (随便吃一点). But 200 years later it had become a large meal , not just for family, but for numbers of guests as well. It was a social event, It began at 10 a.m. and lasted until l p.m.. Then breakfast began to be less popular. It became , instead, a lighter meal and was taken at a much earlier hour. By 1850 it had been pushed hack to 8 a.m.. and became a family meal.
Dinner, however, went the other way. In the 16th century it was eaten at 11 a.m.. Years later, it had moved to the early afternoon, then to 5 p. m.. By 1850 dinner time had reached 7 p.m. Lunch is a recent idea. It first appeared as a snack to fill the gap between breakfast and dinner.
59. English people did not have lunch _________.
A. before 1890 B. after 1890 C. after 16th century D. by 1850
60. "Dinner, however, went the other way" means _________.
A. Dinner didn't go there with breakfast B. Dinner took the same way with breakfast
C. Dinner is different from breakfast D. Dinner is the same with breakfast
61. Lunch has been served since the end of the ________ century.
A. seventeenth B. eighteenth C. sixteenth D. nineteenth
62. The selection is mostly concerned with _________.
A. what people eat for breakfast B. what people eat for dinner
C. the history of supper D. the history of breakfast
63. The selection leads the reader to believe that __________.
A. our custom of meals is based on English custom
B. before 1890 people also ate three meals a day
C. breakfast is the most important meal for us
D. the body can adjust to two or three meals a day
The Young Can't Wait
By Severn Cullies Suzuki
When you are little, it's not hard to believe you can change the world. I remember my enthusiasm when, at the age of 12, I addressed the delegates at the Rio Earth Summit. “I am only a child,” I told them. “Yet I know that if all the money spent on war was spent on ending poverty（贫困） and finding environmental answers, what a wonderful place this would be. In school you teach us not to fight with others, to work things out, to respect others, to clean up our mess, not to hurt other creatures, to share, not to be greedy. Then why do you go out and do the thing you tell us not to do? You grown-ups say you love us, but I challenge you, please, to make your actions reflect（反省） your words.”
I spoke for six minutes and received a standing ovation. Some of the delegates even cried. I thought that maybe I had reached some of them, that my speech might actually spur（刺激） action. Now, a decade（十年） from Rio, after I've sat through many more conferences, I'm not sure what has been accomplished. My confidence in the people in power and in the power of an individual's voice to reach them has been deeply shaken.
When I was little, the world was simple. But as a young adult, I'm learning that as we have to make choices—education, career, lifestyle—life gets more and more complicated. We are beginning to feel pressure to produce and be successful. We are taught that economic growth is progress, but we aren't taught how to pursue a happy, healthy or sustainable way of living. And we are learning that what we wanted for the future when we were 12 was idealistic and naive.
Today I'm no longer a child, but I'm worried about what kind of environment my children will grow up in. I know change is possible, because I am changing, still figuring out what I think. I am still deciding how to live my life. The challenges are great, but if we accept individual responsibility and make sustainable choices, we will rise to the challenges, and we will become part of the positive tide of change.
60．The purpose of what the writer said at the age of 12 was to _______.
A．end poverty and make school beautiful
B．find environmental answers and keep the words that they always told themselves
C．end poverty and solve the problems about environment
D．find a wonderful place and clean it up
61．What does the underlined word “ovation” in the second paragraph refer to _____.
A．a long period of laughing B．a warm welcome
C．an expression used for greeting D．a long period of clapping and applause
62．It becomes clear that the writer is possibly _________ now.
A．in his teens B．in his twenties C．in his thirties D．in his forties
第三部分 阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Some people have unforgettable past memories that make them sad and angry. Well, to deal with this, I suggest that you pick yourself up and move ahead. It is easier said than done! So here are a few ways to bring about the change.
Do something you really love doing. We all have interest in what we love working on, but most of us don’t have any time to do anything about them. Well, this is your time to do that! It’ll take your mind away from whatever is making you unhappy and of course it’ll help you remember your happy days in the past when you used to relax more often.
Think long and hard. I’m sure you must be doing this already, but I want you to think about the effect that forgiving other people could have. Think about whether you are ready to accept the changes this might bring.
Write about your feelings. Most people are too lazy to write, but it is often the best way to clear your mind. Write about your experiences and then forget about your past memories. On the Internet there are thousands of places where you can list out all your experiences without writing down your real name.
Make a start on this and I’m sure the frequency of your worries will decrease soon enough.
56. The passage is mainly about ______.
A. how to forget bad past memories B. how to do the things we love
C. learning to accept changes D. writing about past memories
57. According to the passage, the best way to forget past memories is to ______.
A. write about your feelings and experiences B. pick yourself up and move ahead
C. write letters to the author D. forgive lazy people
58. The author thinks we can’t do the things we love because ______.
A. it will take our minds away B. we don’t have any time
C. it will recollect our memories D. it is easier said than done
59. What is Not true according to the passage?
A. Forgiving other people could help you pick yourself up.
B. It’s easier said than done when you try to lessen your sadness.
C. You can write your feelings on the internet without your real name.
D. Writing your feelings out is to make you remember your sad past.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中的两项为多途选项。
Expressions about water are almost as common as water. _____71____.
The expression “to be in hot water” is one of them. It is a very old expression. “Hot water” was used five hundred years ago to mean being in trouble. One story says it got that meaning from the custom of extremely throwing hot water down on enemies attacking a castle.
When we are in “hot water”, we are in trouble.___72____. A young boy can be in hot water with his mother, if he comes into the house with dirty shoes.
“To keep your head above water” is a colorful expression that means staying out of debt. A company seeks to keep its head above water during economic hard times. A man who loses his job tries to keep his head above water until he finds a new job.
Another common expression, “to hold water”, is about the strength or weakness of an idea or opinion that you may be arguing about. If is can hold water, it is strong and has no holes in it. If your argument can hold water, ___73____.If it does not hold water, ____74____.
“Throwing cold water” also is an expression that deals with ideas or proposals. ____75___.For example, you want to buy a new car because the old one has some problems. But your wife “throws cold water” on the idea, because she says a new car costs too much.
| A．But many of the expressions using water have unpleasant meanings. |
| B．You are in a difficult position |
| C．A person who breaks a law can be in hot water with the police. |
| D．It means disliking an idea. |
E．It is strong and does not have any holes.
F．A man who loses his job tries to keep his head above water until he finds a new job.
G．Then it is weak and not worth debating.
Life on land probably began about 430 million years ago, though it has stayed in the water for perhaps as much as 3,000 million years. When we think of the first thing on land, we probably think of strange animals coming out of the oceans, but in fact no animals could have been living if plants had not been on land first. Plants had to be on land before animals arrived. They supplied the first land animals with the surrounding and food necessity, since then, the plants, are the only form of life that is able to get and store energy.
The first plants to stay out of the water were probably certain kinds of algae（海藻）which were followed by other plants that grew close to the ground and needed water in which to reproduce. Once the move to land had been made, however, evolution（进化）happened quickly. By the end of 100 million years, plants had developed their roots（根), and some had got tree -like forms since height was very important in gaining sunlight. About 300 million years ago, much of the world was covered with forests of huge trees. In most ways they were like modern trees. They had roots, leaves, wood, but mostly they had not developed seeds.
59．The main idea of the first paragraph is ________.
A. life on land probably began 430 years ago
B. the first animal on land came from oceans
C. there wouldn't have been animals without plants
D. plants are the only form of life that is able to get and store energy
60．Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A. Algae probably has stayed for more than 430 million years.
B. It is impossible that algae might be the earliest plant on land.
C. Plants get food from animals in the oceans.
D. Evolution began after animals appeared on land.
61．Plants with roots appeared about ________ million years ago.
A. 430 B. 300 C. 330 D. 100
62．According to the passage, ________ appeared earlier than ________.
A. apples; oranges B. oranges; apples
C. oranges; roses D. algae; wheat
PART THREE READING COMPREHENSION ( 30 points)
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage.
Computers can injure(伤害) you. Most other injuries happen suddenly. For example, if you fall off a bike and break your arms, it happens very quickly. But computer injuries happen slowly.
You probably know how to ride a bike safely. Now learn to use a computer safely.
Your eyes —— Too much light can injure your eyes, so never sit too close to a comprter screen. Your eyes should be at least 50 centimeters (厘米) from the screen. Remember to look away from it sometimes. This gives your eyes a rest.
When you use a computer, the window should be on your left or your right. If it is behind you, the light will reflect (反射) on the screen. If the window is in front of you , the sun and the screen will both shine(照耀) into your eyes.
Your hands —— Hand injuries can happen because the hands are moved in the same way hundreds of times. If you use a keyboard (键盘) for a long time, follow this rule: Stop sometimes and exercise your hands and fingers in different ways.
Your back —— Some people sit for many hours in front of a computer. If you sit in the wrong way, you can injure your back and your neck. So you should sit with your back straight. The top part of the screen should be in front of your eyes. If you are sitting for a long time, get up every 30 minutes and exercise your arms, legs and neck.
Enjoy your computer, but use it safely.
56. How many kinds of computer injuries are mentioned in this passage?
A. One. B. Two C. Three. D. Four.
57. A computer screen may injure your eyes if .
A. you sit 60 centimeters away B. you remember to look away
C. your eyes are too close to it D. the window is on your left or right
58. Your eyes and hands will be safe if .
A. you work near a window B. you often take rests from working
C. you use a keyboard for a long time D. the window is behind you
59. Which sentence is NOT true according to this passage?
A. You should sit with your back straight while you work on a computer.
B. Staying in front of a computer too long may injure your eyes.
C.When you work on a computer, your hands almost move in the same way.
D. The writer thinks that computer is bad for your health.
60. What would be the best title for the text?
A. How to protect(保护) your eyes B. How to protect your hands
C. How to use a cmoputer safely D. How to protect your back
Five thousand years ago, people thought that illnesses were the result of evil living in human bodies. They also believed that gods and superior spirits were punishing people through diseases. The practice of magic and witchcraft (巫术) was popular among many tribes, and charms (符咒) and images of gods to drive away the evil spirits were often used.
People also started using herbal(草药的) medicine and by trial and error (反复试验，不断摸索) learned how to cure stomachaches and fevers. They had a witch doctor in the community. He would treat people with simple herbal medicine and magic. Early medicine was practiced the way north tribal Indians did hundreds of years ago and the way some tribes practice it today.
The ancient Chinese believed that the body was ruled by two forces, which they called “yin” and “yang”. The body would become ill if one force overcame the other and the balance between them was changed. Acupuncture (针刺疗法) was the way to bring back the balance between the two.
Also sand painting was an important part of Navaho medicine. The medicine man paints loosely upon the floor of an earth-covered house, where the ceremony takes place, or on a buckskin (鹿皮) or a piece of cloth, by letting the colored sands flow through his fingers with control and skill.
Ancient Mesopotamians believed that diseases come either from an evil spirit or a physical problem, such as worms. The doctor would decide from which source the illness has come from and send the patient either to a herbalist or to a witch doctor.
Egyptians had a very advanced medicine. They would sometimes rely on the god’s power to receive healing, but they also treated illnesses and operated on minor health problems like snake bites. They sucked the blood from the wound and bound the affected limb to stop the poison from spreading.
66. The practice of magic and witchcraft was popular in ancient times because ________ .
A. people could avoid being punished by gods and superior spirits by doing this.
B. people thought they could avoid getting diseases in this way.
C. people believed the evil spirits could be driven away in this way.
D. people often got diseases and this way was very effective.
67. How many places are mentioned where early medicine existed in the passage?
A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. D. Six.
68. From Paragraph 2 we can learn that ________.
A. people can cure lots of diseases by combining herbal medicine and magic.
B. herbal medicine is so effective that it can cure all kinds of diseases.
C. witch doctors treated people only with herbal medicine.
D. people tried lots of times to cure illnesses with herbal medicine.
69. Ancient Chinese people believed that ________.
A. diseases were the result of evil living in human bodies.
B. people would fall ill if the balance in human bodies was disturbed.
C. a medicine man could cure people’s diseases by sand painting.
D. diseases not only came from evil spirits but also were physical problems
70. The passage mainly tells us ________.
A. why ancient people became ill.
B. about the most advanced medicine in ancient times.
C. about the development of herbal medicine.
D. how ancient people cured their diseases.
第Ⅱ卷（共45分）
第四部分：写作（共二节，满分45分）
第一节 阅读表达（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）
阅读下面的短文，并根据短文后的要求答题（请注意问题后的字数要求）。
Courage is admitting that you are afraid and facing the fear directly. It’s being strong enough to ask for help and humble enough to accept it.
Courage is standing up for what you believe in without worrying about the opinions of others. It’s following your own heart, living your own life, and settling for nothing less than the best for yourself.
Courage is daring to take the first step, a big leap, or the different path. It’s attempting to do something that no one else has done before and all others think impossible.
Courage is keeping in the face of disappointment and looking at defeat not as an end but as a new beginning. It’s believed that things will ultimately get better even as they get worse.
Courage is your own actions and admitting your own mistakes without placing blame on others. It’s not relying on others for your success, but on your own skills and efforts.
Courage is refusing to quit even when you are threatened by impossibility. It’s choosing a goal, sticking to it, and finding solutions to the problems.
Courage is thinking big, aiming high, and shooting far. It’s taking a dream and doing anything, risking everything, and stopping at nothing to make it a reality.
76．What’s the best title of this passage?
_______________________________________________________________________________
77．Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?
Courage is supporting what you trust without being influenced by others.
_______________________________________________________________________________
78．Please fill in the blank in proper words.( within 10 words)
_______________________________________________________________________________
79．What definition of courage do you most agree? Why? (within 30 words)
_______________________________________________________________________________
80．Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese.
_______________________________________________________________________________
Baths and bathing have been considered of an important medical therapy to man. In Greece there are the ruins of a bath tub and water system built over 3 000 years ago. The Romans had warm public baths. In some public baths as many 3 000 persons could bathe at the same time.
Treating diseases by bathing has been popular for centuries. Modern medical bathing, or hydrotherapy, first became popular in Europe and by the late 1 700’s also became popular in the United States.
For many years frequent bathing was believed to be bad for one’s health. Ordinary bathing just to be clean was avoided, and perfume(香水) was used to cover up body and smell.
By the 1 700’s doctors began to say that soap and water were good for health. They believed that it was good for people to be clean. Slowly, people began to bathe more frequently.
In the United States ordinary bathing was slow to become popular. During the 18th and early 19th centuries, many Americans were known as “the great unwashed”. In one American city, for example, a person could only take a bath every 30 days! That was a law.
Frequency of bathing today is partly a matter of habit. People know that bathing for cleanliness is important to health. Doctors know that dirty bodies increase that chance of disease.
Therefore in the United States people generally bathe often.
1．What does the word “hydrotherapy” underlined in the second paragraph refer to?
A．A bathing tub. B．Medical bathing.
C．Ordinary bathing. D．Warm public baths.
2．Until when did doctors believe that ordinary bathing was good for health?
A．Until the 16th century B．Until the 17th century.
C．Until the 18th century. D．Until the 19th century.
3．Where did the ordinary bathing first become popular according to the passage?
A．In Africa. B．In Europe.
C．In the USA. D．The passage doesn’t tell us.
4．Which of the following statements is not true?
A．Bathing was important to Greeks and Romans.
B．The Greek built water systems.
C．The Greek had warm public baths.
D．The Greek used bath tubs.
5．The passage is mainly about ______.
A．bathing in the USA
B．the good points and bad points of bathing
C．the history of bathing
D．the modern medical bathing
第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
Everybody has had at least one experience from which he knows the meaning of life. This time, which took place several years ago, but seems as if it just happened.
On an afternoon several years ago, my brother-in-law opened the bottom drawer of my sister’s dress and picked out a beautiful skirt. “ Jan bought this the first time we went to New York, at least 8 or 9 years ago. She never wore it. She was saving it for a special occasion.” he said．I guess this was the occasion: it was the funeral of my sister, after her unexpected death.
He took the shirt and put it on bed, with the other clothes we were taking to the funeral. Then he closed the drawer and turned to me, “Don’t ever save anything for a special occasion. Every day you’re alive is a special occasion.”
I’m thinking about his words, and they’ve changed the way I live my life. I’m spending more time with my family and friends and less time in committee meetings. Whenever possible, life should be a kind of experience to enjoy, not to suffer. “Someday ”and “one of these days ”are losing their importance on my vocabulary. If it’s worth seeing or hearing or doing, I want to see and hear and do it now.
Ever since that day, I have been trying very hard not to put off, hold back or save anything that would add laughter and color to our lives. Every morning when I open my eyes, I tell myself that every day, every minute, every breath, truly is a gift. So cherish every day and find the true meaning of your life.
56．Why did Jan buy the beautiful skirt but didn’t wear it?
A．She waited for a special occasion to wear it on.
B．She wanted to keep it for someone else.
C．She saved it till she grew up.
D．She would give it to herself as a gift some day.
57．What does the underlined word “cherish” mean?
A．Treasure. B．Waste. C．Own. D．Save
58．From his experience, the author learns that_______.
A．everybody can have a happy life through efforts
B．every day in our lives is worth cherishing
C．enjoying ourselves is the most important thing in our lives
D．everybody will have some things left to do after his death
59．What does the author write this passage for?
A．To show how to make good use of everyday in life.
B．To explain the true meaning of his brother-in-law’s words.
C．To tell people to cherish every day and find the meaning of life.
D．To encourage people to waste time and enjoy themselves in life.
60．What’s the best title for this passage?
A．Every Day IS a Gift
B．My Sister Jan
C．What Is the Meaningful Life like
D．The Most Important Time in Your Life
“High income is not as good as high age ,and high age is not as good as high spirits.”
Generally speaking , the rich are happier because money can purchase goods and services and it is the consumption(消费) of these materials that increases one’s enjoyment of life . Especially nowadays , money seems to be one thing that drives the people around . “Human beings live for money while birds die for food.”—a well-known Chinese saying is quite quotable(适宜引用的)to interpret the present society. Some people try every means to make money at the expense of others interests . These people harm others to benefit themselves. They think the more money they make , the happier they will be.
In addition to money, people’s happiness was affected by other factors. High age is what many Chinese are dreaming of . Longevity(长寿) is the very term that the people often use to pray for their dears and elders. So there are many books and theories that introduce the way of living longer. Dancing , jogging , dieting , even singing and shouting together are said to do good to one’s health.
Nevertheless , some people think that high spirits is vital to the quality of one’s life . If you are in high spirits , you’ll find everything pleasing and comfortable in life: warm sunshine , blue sky, white clouds , happy birds ,comfortable breeze , sweet smiles ,and so on . You seem to have the friends across the world. Your life will be happy at every moment. You will have a good health and can make more money if you live longer.
In one word , let’s keep ourselves in high spirits , thus we could keep longevity and make considerable money at the same time.
63.The rich are happier because .
A. they have the hobby of saving money.
B. they can gain all the things in the world
C. they help the poor by giving them a lot of money
D. the consumption can increase their enjoyment of life
64.What does the Chinese saying“Human beings live for money while birds die for food” tell us?
A. It tells us that people try every means to make money at the expense of everything.
B. It tells us that the more money people make ,the longer they will live.
C. It tells us that to live is to make more money.
D. It tells us that people will die for making more money, just as birds die for food.
65.The author thinks that is the most important.
A. high income B. high age C. high spirits D. the quality of one’s life.
“Yes, I'll be ready at nine in the morning. Goodbye, dear, and thanks again. ”It had not been an easy telephone call for Mrs. Robson to make．Her daughter had been very kind，of course，and had immediately agreed to pick her up and drive her to the station，but Mrs. Robson hated to admit that she needed help．Since her husband had died ten years before，she had prided herself on her independence．She had continued to live in their little house, alone．
On the evening, however，she was standing at her living-room window，staring out at the SOLD notice in the small front garden . Her feelings were mixed．Of course，she was sad at the thought of leaving the house，as it was full of many memories．But at the same time she was looking forward to spending her last years near the sea，back in the little seaside town where she had been born. With the money from the sale of the house，she had bought a little flat there. She turned from the living room window，and looked mindedly at the walls. There was a small fish tank，with two goldfish in it. When asked why，her husband used to say，“It’s nice to have something alive in the room．’’Since he had passed away，she had always kept some goldfish，had always had “something alive in the room”．
The next morning，as her train was pulling out of the station，Mrs. Robson called to her daughter．“Kate，you won’t forget to collect the goldfish，will you? The children will love them. It’s…”，
“I know.” Kate interrupted gently. “It s nice to have something alive in the room.”
53. According to the passage，we know that Mrs. Robson____
A. was tired of living alone
B. was not liked by her daughter
C. did not like asking people for help
D. did not want to be visited by her daughter
54. Mrs. Robson was going to ．
A. be in hospital B. 1ive with her daughter
C. travel abroad alone D. move to her hometown
55. The feelings of Mrs. Robson on her last night in the house were
A. sad and hopeful B. regretful and excited
C. sad and regretful D. excited and hopeful
56. From the last two paragraphs，we can know that Mrs. Robson ．
A．enjoyed keeping pets at home
B．missed her husband very much
C．had the same hobby with her husband
D．was worried about her daughter’s bad memory
A new study shows that fat people in the United States suffer direct economic and social effects because of their size . The findings are from an 8-year study of about 100,000 people . The people studied were between the ages of 16 and 25 when the research began .
The researchers who carried out the study say they consider the people fat if they are in the top of 5% of the measurement in which weight is connected with height . For example , fat women in the study were about 160 centimeters tall and weighed about 90 kilograms . Fat men in the study were about 175 centimeters tall and weighed 100 kilograms . The researchers say that more than 1,000,000 Americans are that big . The researchers found that fat young women were more likely to lose social and economic power even if they were from wealthy families . The fat women also were 20% less likely to get married and they earned an average of about $6,700 a year less than other women . The study showed less severe effect on fat men . They earned an average of about $3,000 a year less than other men . Fat men also were 11% less likely to get married .
64. From this passage we know fat people in America were
A. admired B. respected C. unhealthy D. unpopular
65. Which of the following was not mentioned in this passage ?
A. The reason why fat people suffered .
B. The cause that caused people to be fat .
C. The standard of fat people .
D. The number of fat people .
66. The underlined word “severe” means .
A. economic B. social C. serious D. favorable
67. Fat people were inferior to（比……差）other people in .
A. brain , human rights and payment
B. income , marriage and political rights
C. brain , education and marriage
D. marriage , getting jobs and income
II. 阅读理解（Reading comprehension）（共20小题，计35分）
A）选择题：阅读下面短文，从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。（答案涂在答题纸上）
A
| Most people think that the capital of the movie world is Hollywood, in the United States. However, the real movie capital is Mumbai, in India. Mumbai used to be known as Bombay, and so the film industry there is called “Bollywood”. Bollywood makes twice as many movies each year as Hollywood—more than 800 films a year. The movies from Bollywood are very different from Hollywood movies. For one thing, Bollywood movies are much longer than most Hollywood movies. Most Bollywood movies are more than three hours long, and contain singing, dancing, action, adventure, mystery, and romance. Because Bollywood films contain so many different features, this style of film is sometimes called a “masala” film. (“Masala” is an Indian word for a mixture of spices. ) Another big difference between Bollywood and Hollywood movies is the way the movies are made. It takes much longer to make a movie in Hollywood than in Bollywood. In fact, filming may begin on a Bollywood movie before the script is even finished. The director and writers can make up the story while the film is being made. Sometimes they will even write the script by hand instead of taking time to type it. |
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Bollywood actors are very popular and some are in such high demand that they may work on several movies at the same time. They may even shoot scenes for several films on the same day using the same clothes and scenery (舞台布景）. Since most Bollywood movies follow the same kind of story, shooting scenes for several films at the same time is not a big problem for actors or directors. This also helps keep the cost of Bollywood movies lower than the cost of Hollywood movies. The average Bollywood film, with a budget （预算） of only two million U.S. dollars, seems very cheap compared to the average budget of sixty million U.S. dollars for a Hollywood film—thirty times as much!
51. The main topic of the passage is ________.
A. famous stars in Bollywood
B. how Hollywood movies are made
C. the differences between two movie industries
D. the history of movie-making in India
52. What is NOT true about Mumbai?
A. It is the movie capital of India.
B. Its new name is Bombay.
C. More movies are made there than in Hollywood.
D. The film industry there is called “Bollywood”.
53. Why are Bollywood films often called “masala” films?
A. They have interesting stories.
B. They are much longer than Hollywood films.
C. They show Indian culture.
D. They mix different styles of movies.
54. Bollywood movies are cheap to make because ________.
A. they are shorter than Hollywood films
B. the scripts are written by hand
C. the movies do not use any special effects
D. most movies reuse things from other movies
55. Which of these statements would the writer probably agree with?
A. Most Bollywood movies are very similar.
B. It takes a lot of money to make a good movie.
C. Only Indian people can understand Bollywood movies.
D. Hollywood movies are too violent.
B）非选择题：阅读下列短文，然后回答问题或完成句子。（答案写在答题纸上）
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