初中英语阅读理解

Recently, many people think it’s risky to use credit (信用) card numbers online. However, from time to time, we all use passwords and ID numbers on the Internet. We think we are safe, but that may not be true! A new kind of attack (攻击) is being used by dishonest people to steal IDs and credit card numbers from web surfers. This new kind of attack is called “phishing”.

Phishing sounds the same as the word “fishing”, and it means that a thief is trying to trick people into giving away valuable information. Like real fishermen, phishers use bait (诱饵) in the form of great online deals or services. For example, phishers might use false emails and websites to trick people into revealing (透露) credit card numbers, account usernames, and passwords. They imitate (模仿) well-known banks, online sellers, and credit card companies. Successful phishers may make as many as 5% of the people believe and give away their personal information.

It’s really a big problem! Actually, tricking 5% of the online population is huge. Now more than 4.6 billion people have access (进入权) to the Internet, and 75% of those Internet users live in the wealthiest countries on Earth. It has been reported that phishers send more than 40 billion false messages each year. Even by tricking only 5% of the people, phishers can make a lot of money.

Amy, 18, from California, received an email. A man told Amy that she could get a million dollars in her account as a reward if she sent a thousand dollars to him. Amy did as the man said at once. The “thief” used Amy’s Social Security number to get credit cards in her name and transferred her money.

How can people avoid being cheated online? Above all, they have to learn to recognize the email that has been sent by a phisher. Always be careful with any email with urgent (紧急的) requests for personal information. Phishers typically write upsetting or exciting, but false, statements in their emails so that people will reply right away. Never give out personal information to phishers. And if an offer sounds too good to be true, it is.

(1). Phishing is compared to ________ according to the passage.

A．

making money

B．

playing games

C．

catching fish

D．

writing emails

(2). Which writing skill is used in Para. 3?

A．

Giving examples.

B．

Listing numbers.

C．

Raising questions.

D．

Using sayings.

(3). Which of the following in the dictionary best explains the underlined word “transfer” in Para. 4?

transfer v. (transferred, transferring)

①to move from one place, school, job etc to another

②to connect the call of someone to someone else’s

③to move money from one account to another

④to change from one bus, plane etc to another

A．

①

B．

②

C．

③

D．

④

(4). Besides introducing what phishing is, the writer also tells us how to ________.

A．	help to catch phishers	B．	reply to urgent emails
C．	pay by credit card	D．	protect ourselves online

Katie’s father was at the airport waiting to meet her. She was going to spend a week with him, and usually she really enjoyed their visits. But this time was different: her dad was getting married, and Katie wasn’t at all sure if she liked the idea.

On the way from the airport to her dad’s house, Katie almost kept silent. Finally, her dad asked, “Do you want to talk about it, Katie?”

For a moment, Katie sat silently. Then she said, “I’m sorry, Dad. I just don’t think I want you to get married.”

“I thought you liked Celia,” Katie’s dad said.

“I do like Celia” Katie answered, “It’s not that at all. I just don’t know if I want her for a stepmother—that’s totally different.”

“It really is different,” her dad agreed, “But I hope you’ll get to like having Celia as a stepmother. She likes you a lot, you know, and I’ll bet Megan will, too.”

“Who’s Megan?” Katie asked. She hadn’t heard that name before.

“She’s Celia’s daughter,” her dad replied, “She is your age, actually, so maybe you’ll even have something in common.”

After dropping Katie’s luggage (行李) off at her dad’s house, Katie and her dad went to meet Celia and Megan at a restaurant. They were going to have dinner together. When they got to the restaurant, Celia and Megan were already there. Celia introduced Megan to Katie. At first, Katie didn’t know what to say to Megan. But then, Megan said, “Mom, don’t forget I have swimming practice tomorrow.”

“You like to swim?” Katie asked hopefully.

“I love it—I’m on our school swimming team,” Megan answered excitedly, “Do you swim?”

“I love to swim, too” Katie said with a smile. Maybe having Celia as a stepmother wasn’t going to be so bad after all.

(1). How did Katie feel about her dad’s getting married at the beginning of the story?

A．

Unhappy.

B．

Excited.

C．

Shocked.

D．

Agreeable.

(2). How did Katie’s dad know that Katie had something on her mind?

A．	Katie shouted at her dad.	B．	Katie wouldn’t get in the car with her dad.
C．	Katie didn’t say very much.	D．	Katie told her dad she was angry with him.

(3). The underlined word “She” refers to ________.

A．

Katie

B．

Megan

C．

Katie’s mother

D．

Megan’s mother

(4). Which sentence in the passage lets the reader know that Katie would end up being happy?

A．	“I’m sorry, Dad.”
B．	“I have swimming practice tomorrow.”
C．	“I do like Celia.
D．	“...a stepmother wasn’t going to be so bad after all.”

Victor’s project

As part of my history project on transport, I did some short interviews with people in my neighborhood. My first interview was with my friend Susan’s grandmother, Mrs. Sanderson.

Question 1

How did you get to school when you were young?

I walked to school with my friends, except for Fridays when we had to carry all of our things for school sports. Then we caught the bus. I enjoyed walking because we could chat on the way. I didn’t like it when it was raining though, but Mum always made sure I wore my raincoat and gumboots. On the other hand, I became a strong walker, and I believe that’s why I’ve been healthy all my life.

Question 2

My parents drive me to school. Why didn’t you go to school by car?

You know, we were not rich enough at that time. We could not afford a car until after I had finished school.

Question 3

How did you get around when you weren’t going to school?

We often went for a family trip by train. Most weekends we went on picnics and I loved playing with my cousins in the park. The trip took much longer than it would take by car today of course.

Question 4

How do you get around now?

How do you get around now?

I still love walking, but I need to drive my grandchildren around, so I mainly use my car. It is fast.

(1). Victor asks Question 4 to get some information about Mrs. Sanderson’s ________.

A．

present lifestyle

B．

family life

C．

lovely children

D．

memories of school

(2). In all of her answers, Mrs. Sanderson talks about ________.

A．	her grandchildren	B．	her favorite activities
C．	types of transport	D．	places she has visited

(3). Which of the following is true about Mrs. Sanderson?

A．	She used to drive to school on wet days.
B．	She couldn’t answer all Victor’s questions.
C．	She didn’t like walking to school when young.
D．	She finds it quicker to get to places these days.

(4). The best title of Victor’s finished project is probably ________.

A．	The Life of Mrs. Sanderson	B．	How Travelling Has Changed
C．	People in My Neighborhood	D．	The Importance of Being Healthy

How do you look after your cat Introduction The first step to becoming a good cat owner is to choose the right kind of cat. It is how a cat behaves that is the most important, not what she looks like or how old she is. She is going to be your best friend. You will spend a lot of time playing together. But remember, you need to look after her every day. Not just to start with, but for all her life. Understanding your pet By watching your cat closely, you will learn her special way of talking. From the movement of her tail or ears, you will see if she is happy or sad. And you will soon understand what she is saying when she miaows. Caring for your pet You will only be your cat’s best friend if you care for her properly. You will need to make sure that she eats the right foods, always has water, and can get plenty of exercise every day. You will also have to bathe (给……洗澡) her often and spend some time training her.

(1). How long will you need to look after your cat?

A．	For some days after she’s born.	B．	For the whole of her life.
C．	Until she has babies of her own.	D．	Until she is badly ill.

(2). To understand your cat, you need to ________.

A．	watch her very carefully	B．	bathe her often
C．	talk to her every day	D．	feed her proper food

(3). The last part of the passage describes ________.

A．	which food cats like best	B．	how difficult it can be to train cats
C．	the type of exercise cats enjoy most	D．	the things cat owners need to do

Imagine you are in a new city. You ask someone how to get to a bookstore. They tell you to go straight, turn left, and you will find it on your left. In fact, you can also find your way with a phone. Now imagine you are in an outdoor game. You only have a map and a compass, and instead of running down a city road, you may need to run around in the woods, climb over rocks and go up and down hills. Welcome to orienteering!

In the game of orienteering, players use a map and a compass to find stations. These stations are called controls. A special flag, usually in bright colours, marks each control. Controls are not easy to find. They may be in front of a big rock or behind a tree. In most of the games, you’ll have to find controls in numbered order, but in some games you can change the order.

At each control, players mark a card they carry with them and the card will be marked in different ways (See Figure 1). The cards are very important because players must find all the controls to win. If someone misses a control, they won’t have that mark on their cards. They might cross the finish line first, but the next person to finish with a full card will win the game.

（1）.What will players carry in the game?

A．	A map, a compass and a flag.
B．	A flag, a compass and a card.
C．	A compass, a map and a card.
D．	A phone, a compass and a map.

（2）.Which of the following is a rule of the game?

A．	You don’t need to mark the cards.
B．	You can’t miss any of the controls to win.
C．	You have to find controls in numbered order.
D．	You must be the first to pass the finish line to win.

（3）.How many controls has Anna finished in the game?

A．

9.

B．

10.

C．

11.

D．

12.

Charles Darwin

Early years

Charles Darwin was one of the six children from a big family. His grandfather and father were doctors and the young Darwin went to Edinburgh University to study medicine. However, he hated to see blood and he soon realized that he couldn’t be a doctor. He then went to Cambridge University and discovered that he had a great interest in studying plants, insects and animals. Luckily, one of Darwin's university teachers helped him join the perfect trip for a biologist: a voyage around the world to study nature.

The Beagle

In 1831, Charles Darwin left Plymouth on The Beagle, a ship that took him around the world for five years. While he was travelling, he studied the plants and animals in the countries and on the islands that the ship visited. Darwin also spent his time on The Beagle writing notes about the things he had seen.

When he finally arrived back in Britain, Darwin was already starting to create his famous theory that all living things had a common ancestor （祖先）.

At home at Down House, a place that you can still visit today, Darwin wrote many articles and books about his travels, but he didn’t want to make anything about his theory known to the public. He worked in his study, where he wrote 250,000 words about his theory of evolution （进化论）,but he was frightened about what people might say about his idea that monkeys were the ancestors of humans. He thought the public would be against it and was so frightened that he became ill

with worry. However; when another scientist started to write about similar ideas, Darwin decided to print his book, On the Origin of Species.

Most scientists accepted Darwin's theory and people continue to study it today. On 12th February the day he was born, Darwin Day is celebrated around the world to encourage more people to study the natural world.

(1).What caused Darwin to give up his study of medicine?

A．	He didn't like seeing blood.	B．	He found the studies too difficult.
C．	He found the studies too difficult.	D．	He was advised to study natural science.

(2).Why was the trip on The Beagle important to Darwin?

A．	It helped him to finish his study at the university.
B．	It allowed him to change his mind about his fixture.
C．	It gave him ideas about the beginnings of human life.
D．	It got him to complete his most famous book on the ship.

(3).In what order did the following happen in Darwin's life?

a.He arrived back in Britain in 1836.

b.He thought the public would not support his ideas.

c.He became interested in studying the natural world.

d.He printed his famous book, On the Origin of Species.

e.He received help to get a place on a trip around the world.

f.He studied the plants and animals on the islands he visited.

A．	e→f→c→a→b→d	B．	c→e→f→a→b→d
C．	e-→f→a→c→d→b	D．	c→e→f→d→a→b

(4).Why did the writer include the last paragraph?

A．	To introduce Darwin's famous book.
B．	To tell how people celebrate Darwin Day.
C．	To explain why people accept Darwin's ideas.
D．	To show Darwin's influence on natural science.

Slowly but surely, Amy and her grandparents were making progress. Boxes of all sizes were placed on top of each other throughout the house. Amy's grandparents had lived in the house for years and they had collected many things.

The dining room was foil of memories. Amy's grandfather kept many fine dinner plates （盘子）from his hometown. Amy remembered that they ate from the red, yellow, and blue plates during important holidays.

After carefully wrapping up （包裹）the plates and putting them into a box, Amy lifted it up and moved it out of the way. But the box was too heavy. It suddenly fell from her arms and dropped to the floor. All three of them heard the plates shatter.

"I'm sorry!" Amy apologised.

"It's okay," her grandfather said quietly. "It was an accident? "

They opened the box and, sure enough, many of the plates were broken. Only a few remained whole. Looking at the small pieces, Amy felt really terrible. She knew these plates were passed down from her great grandparents and ...

“Don’t worry,” her grandmother said, patting her on the back. Carefully, they put the broken pieces into a rubbish bag.

They continued packing for a little while, but Amy still felt very sorry. She was trying very hard to think of a way to make it up for her grandparents.

Soon, Amy’s father came.

"I have to go," she said. "Dad is here to pick me up."

She kissed her grandparents both, picked up the bag of the broken pieces and left.

“What's that?” her father asked, as Amy climbed into the car.

Amy looked at the bag in her hands as an idea came to her, "This," she said, "is an art project?,

The following day, Amy went to an art store and bought everything she needed. Then she started to work. She used a thin board as the base. Then she took out the colourful plate pieces and glued them in a creative way on the board. When it was dry, Amy wrapped it up.

A few days later, Amy's family had a big dinner at her grandparents’ new house. She handed her gift to her grandparents.

“This is fantastic, Amy!” said her grandfather.

“I can't wait to hang it up in our new home,” Amy's grandmother said as she gave her a big hug.

(1).What was Amy helping her grandparents do at the beginning of the story?

A．	Move to a new house.
B．	Wrap up some presents.
C．	Collect fine dinner plates.
D．	Prepare a big family dinner.

(2).Why did Amy feel sorry for the broken plates?

A．	They were never used by the family.
B．	They were valuable holiday presents.
C．	They were meaningful family treasures.
D．	They were expensive hometown products.

(3).How did Amy finally deal with the broken plate pieces?

A．	She sent them to an art store.
B．	She put them in her father's car.
C．	She made a special gift with them.
D．	She threw them into a rubbish bag.

(4).Which of the following best describes Amy?

A．	Kind and creative.
B．	rave but forgetful.
C．	careless but helpful.
D．	Funny and hardworking

When you and your friends turn to each other to talk about problems or troubles, you give each other advice and help. One important thing of our growth is to make decisions to help our friends and learn to support each other. This requires us to learn what it means to help friends and how to help them in right ways.

The first step toward helping others is to identify that they need help. We all know that difficulties are part of our daily lives. However, sometimes small things can lead to more serious problems that require more help. Ifs important to make sure when to help a friend. For example, you may pick up some signs that your friends are not acting like themselves. These signs show they may not be well.

The next step toward helping others is to listen. Paying attention to others while listening is very important throughout our life. When we communicate with others, we need to learn when to speak and when not to. As listeners, we should try to understand what the speakers are feeling or experiencing and try to see things from their perspectives. Listening and paying attention to others when they speak is a sign of respect and a skill that will lead to deeper and better relationships.

(1).What is the purpose of the passage?

A．	To discuss why people help each other.	B．	To describe the problems of giving help.
C．	To introduce the advantages of giving help.	D．	To explain how we can help others properly.

(2).What does the underlined word "identity" in paragraph 2 mean?

A．

Require.

B．

Discover.

C．

Suggest.

D．

Remember.

(3).What is the main idea of paragraph 3?

A．	Act as a good listener to your friends.	B．	Learn how to give advice to your friends.
C．	Pay attention to your friends’ unusual acts.	D．	Build good relationships with your friends.

(4).According to the writer, what should you do if your friends don't follow your advice on their

serious problems?

A．	Keep their problems as secrets.	B．	Let them make their own decisions.
C．	Find out the causes of their problems.	D．	Get help from their trusted teachers.

Facial recognition technology （人脸识别技术） is widely used today.For example，the police use it to search for bad guys.It's also used to unlock phones or doors.

   Now，a similar technology，known as facial detection （探测），is entering a new field：the business of advertising （广告）.

   Such systems are going through tests in a small number of stores.One facial detection system can judge （判断） a person's "happiness" σr "fear" level.Another system can detect whether someone is wearing eyeglasses.If so，stores can send advertisements for new glasses to him.

   Facial detection technology is also placed inside some large advertising boards.Cameras in those boards can detect information like people's ages and five levels of feelings --from "very happy" to "very unhappy".

   Supporters of the technology say it could improve buyers' experience by showing products theymight like or by offering them products at lower prices.

   Some are against the idea of using such systems.Pam Dixon，the head of a privacy （隐私） group，is one of them.She thinks ▲.For example，a store could raise the price of a product according to a person's age and feelings.

   However，one store testing the technology explained people's information like names or ages wouldn't be stored.And the advertising board system maker said it didn't keep any personal information or record any videos.

（1）Facial detection technology can judge people's 　 　，according to the passage.

A．	weight
B．	feelings
C．	height
D．	hobbies

（2）What does the underlined word " they" refer to？ 　 　

A．	Supporters.
B．	Buyers.
C．	Products.
D．	Prices.

（3）Which of the following sentences can be put in the ▲？ 　 　

A．	nobody likes to have their feelings collected
B．	it is very important to protect people s privacy
C．	the strange actions may cause something unfair
D．	stores may use them to have more customers

（4）We can infer from the passage that facial detection technology 　 　.

A．	can detect buyers' names and record them
B．	is put inside some large advertising boards
C．	may be used to sell cheaper goods in all stores
D．	may need some time before being widely used

（5）The best title of the passage may be " 　 　".

A．	Facial Recognition Technology Entering a New Field
B．	Facial Recognition Technology Looking for Bad Guys
C．	Facial Detection Technology Going into Advertising Field
D．	Facial Detection Technology Improving Buyers' Experience

When the sun rose and the blue sky came up，my father and I used to climb the mountain near my house.Walking together，my father and I used to have a lot of conversations through which I learned lessons from his experiences.He always told me，"You should have goals （目标） like climbing the mountain." Without the mountain﹣climbing that we both enjoyed，we couldn't have enough time to spend together because my father was very busy.I really got a lot from mountain﹣climbing.It gave me time to talk with my father and to be in deep thought as well as develop my patience （耐力）.

   Once we climbed a very high mountain.It was so challenging for me because I was only ten years old.During the first few hours of climbing.I enjoyed the flowers and trees，and the birds' singing；but as time went by，I got a pain in both of my legs.I wanted to quitclimbing.In fact，I hated it at that moment，but my father said to me， " You can always see a beautiful sky at the top of the mountain ， but you can't see it before you reach the top.Only there at the top ， can you see all of the nice things ， just like in life."

   At that time，I was too young to understand his words.But later after that，I got new hope and confidence.I found myself standing at the top of the mountain.And there，I could see the whole of the sky，which was as clear as crystal （水晶）.

（1）The passage tells us that mountain﹣climbing was 　 　for the father and the son.

A．	hard
B．	enjoyable
C．	painful
D．	comfortable

（2）The word "quit" in the passage means 　 　.

A．	keep on
B．	put off
C．	give up
D．	pick up

（3）Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the father's words in the second paragraph？ 　 　

A．	You will get all you need at the top of the mountain.
B．	The sky is always as clear as crystal.
C．	You can find life is full of nice things.
D．	Never give up half﹣way.

（4）We can infer from the last paragraph that 　 　.

A．	the writer was very successful in his life
B．	the writer reached the top of the mountain
C．	though the writer was young he could understand his father
D．	the writer used to stop half﹣way when he climbed the mountain

（5）The best title for the passage is " 　 　".

A．	Reaching the Top of the Mountain
B．	Standing at the Top of the Mountain
C．	Conversations between the father and the son
D．	How to Get to the Top of the Mountain

①Chemistry is everywhere in our daily life.Sometimes it's easy to see.At other times，it can be very hard to see the everyday chemistry at work，but nearly everything you touch has some chemicals（化学物质） in it.

②Chemistry helps to make products for use.Something as simple as toothpaste has at least three chemicals that keep your teeth clean.Other things in your daily life are created by chemistry，such as hair products and soap.Without chemistry，we would never have known that we need soap to get the oil out of clothes.

③Chemistry also helps us understand the world around us.Thanks to chemistry，we know bleach （漂白剂） can't be mixed with vinegar （醋），because the mixture can produce harmful gas.

④Chemistry plays a big role in food preparation.Cooking food causes it to go through a chemical change.That is why cooked food often tastes different from uncooked food.Too much or too little of any chemical material makes a difference to the result of baking （烘焙）.For example，the cake can be too soft or too hard.

⑤Chemistry isn't something that just lives in a laboratory，it's something that you meet hundreds of times in life.Knowing how chemistry works will give you a greater understanding of the life.

（1）What can the chemicals in toothpaste help us？ 　 　

A．	To keep the teeth clean.
B．	To make the teeth strong.
C．	To clean the oil off clothes.
D．	To make the clothes new.

（2）From the third paragraph，we know that 　 　.

A．	we can mix bleach with vinegar
B．	the mixture can produce useful gas
C．	we can't mix bleach with vinegar
D．	chemistry can't help us make products

（3）The fourth paragraph mainly tells us that 　 　.

A．	cooked food isn't as good as uncooked food
B．	chemistry plays a big role in food preparation
C．	there are no chemical changes while we are cooking
D．	the cake can't be too soft or too hard with chemistry

（4）Which of the following shows the structure （结构） of the passage？ （①＝ Paragraph 1） 　 　

A．
B．
C．
D．

（5）What's the main idea of the passage？ 　 　

A．	Chemistry and food.
B．	Chemistry around the world.
C．	Chemistry and products.
D．	Chemistry in everyday life.

The title：                

By the Youth

When we were scared，sad and helpless，you gave us courage，warmth and hopes. When we had to stay at home to keep away from the illness，you，workers，helped us buy living things； Leaving your children behind，you worked in the neighborhood every day，you never complained （抱怨） but smiled the whole day. When we needed all kinds of materials，you，drivers，drove them there without thinking twice； Running on the streets，between the cities，you made sure things went well as usual.

When we had coughs or fevers，you， ▲，tried your best to save our lives； Looking after the patients in the hospital day and might，you never gave up until the sick got well. There are many people doing jobs in silence； There are many people giving hands without telling their names. Thanks for your hard work and selflessness. You're the heroes of the times. You're the most beautiful in our hearts. We love you!

（1）We had to stay at home because 　 　.

A．	we didn't want to go out
B．	we wanted to avoid the illness
C．	we didn't want to work
D．	we had enough food

（2）According to the poem，the drivers were 　 　.

A．	kind
B．	awful
C．	funny
D．	polite

（3）Which can be the best for ▲？ 　 　

A．	scientists
B．	officers
C．	doctors and nurses
D．	drivers

（4）Why did the Youth write this poem？ 　 　

A．	To show praises.
B．	To show regrets.
C．	To show worries.
D．	To show wishes.

（5）What's the best title for the poem？ 　 　

A．	To the politest people.
B．	To the most beautiful people.
C．	To the cleverest people.
D．	To the most humorous people.

Triathlon is a race in which each person swims, rides a bicycle and runs over very long distances. It has been held ten times in Hope Town. Sam, aged 20, finished nine races with his younger brother Luke. Every race was a victory for them. Luke can’t walk, talk or feed himself because of a rare brain illness since birth. But Sam wants his brother to know what it feels like to be part of a sport instead of having to sit and watch. A local TV journalist interviewed Sam after he received the Town Hero Award.

(J=Journalist, S=Sam)

J: How did you get the idea to include Luke in these events?

S: When I was ten, my mom showed me a video of two young men from another city doing triathlons. One of the men had a condition like Luke has. I got the idea from that.

J: What’s it like having Luke along?

S: I feel good and proud during the whole triathlon, for I’m giving something to Luke. He can experience things any other man would.

J: What do you get from him?

S: It’s the smile on Luke’s face. That smile brightens me. The feeling of knowing that I’ve done something for him is unbelievable.

J: When you received the Town Hero Award, you talked about the importance of changing the way you see things. What did you mean?

S: People see Luke very differently: “Oh, he can’t do something like that. He’s disabled.” But if you just change how you see things, you can see there are many possibilities where Luke can do swimming, biking or even triathlons, like we do.

J: What do you want to share with other young men?

S: ________

58. How many races did Sam and Luke finish?

59. Who has suffered from a brain illness, Sam or Luke?

60. What did Sam’s mom show him when he was ten?

61. How does Sam feel during the whole triathlon?

62. What does Sam get from Luke?

63. What might be Sam’s reply to the journalist’s last question? WriteTWOsentences.

39. What time does New City Zoo open?

A．

At 9:00 a.m.

B．

At 10:00 a.m.

C．

At 10:30 a.m.

D．

At 11:00 a.m.

40. At 2:45 p.m., visitors can have a close look at ________.

A．

elephants

B．

bears

C．

wolves

D．

monkeys

41. With a ________, visitors can take the mini-train as many times as they want on the same day.

A．	hand stamp	B．	1-Day Pass
C．	yearly card	D．	bus ticket

42. The underlined word " Violators " in the material means "people who ________".

A．	visit the zoo regularly	B．	look after the animals
C．	feed or disturb the animals	D．	want to return the zoo tickets

43. Which of the following about the zoo is TRUE?

A．	The schedule is for the winter of 2021.
B．	Guided bus tour is available at 9:00 a.m.
C．	No activities will be affected by the weather.
D．	Visitors can visitnewcityzoo.comfor more information.

44. The main purpose of the material is to ________ in the zoo.

A．	protect the wild animals	B．	stress the importance of safety
C．	provide choices of transportation	D．	introduce the activities and rules

For years，people thought that sleep was unimportant and inactive．Today，we know that sleep is important for good physical and mental （精神的），the brain is very active．

①By doing this they have learned that there are five stages of sleep．Stage one sleep is very light．During this time，a person wakes up easily．As we move into stage （A）         ，our eyes stop moving and our brain waves move more slowly．During stages three and four （often called "deep sleep" ），it is very hard to wake up a person．During this time，the body repairs itself and makes more cells （细胞），the body makes a chemical used for growing．In the next stage—REM sleep—we begin to breathe faster and our eyes move around quickly，but （B）我们的身体不动。During this stage，we dream．

    The amount of sleep each person needs is different，and is often connected to age． ②（C） In general，babies need fifteen to sixteen hours of sleep a day．Children and teenagers need nine to ten hours，while adults need six to eight．Over time，not having enough sleep—especially deep and REM sleep—can cause one to become sick more easily．Doctors also think that REM sleep is very important for learning，and memory． ③

    Scientists are continually learning more （D）         sleep，but one thing they know for sure is this：for humans，it is as important as food and water．

（1）在文中 （A） 和 （D） 的空白处填入适当的单词： 　    　； 　    　

（2）将文中画线部分 （B） 译成英语： 　    　

（3）将文中画线部分 （C） 改写为：In general，babies need to 　    　 fifteen to sixteen hours 　    　 a day．

（4）将 "To understand sleep，scientists study brain waves．" 填入文中， ①②③三处中最佳的位置是： 　    　

（5）从文中找出能说明本文主旨大意的中心词：