初中英语阅读表达试题

When I was a boy growing up in New Jersey in the 1960s, we had a milkman delivering milk to our doorstep. His name was Mr. Basille. He wore a white cap and drove a white truck. As a 5-year-old boy, I couldn’t take my eyes off the coin changer(自动换币器) fixed to his belt. He noticed this one day during a delivery and gave me a quarter(两角五分钱) out of his coin changer.
Of course, he delivered more than milk. There was cheese, eggs and so on. If we needed to change our order, my mother would pen a note --- “Please add a bottle of buttermilk next delivery.”--- and place it in the box along with the empty bottles. And then, the buttermilk would magically appear.
All of this was about more than convenience. There existed a close relationship between families and their milkmen. Mr. Basille even had a key to our house, for those times when it was so cold outside that we put the box indoors, so that the milk wouldn’t freeze. And I remember Mr. Basille from time to time taking a break at our kitchen table, having a cup of tea and telling stories about his delivery.
There is sadly no home milk delivery today. Big companies allowed the production of cheaper milk, thus making it difficult for milkmen to compete. Besides, milk is for sale everywhere, and it may just not have been practical to have a delivery service.
Recently, an old milk box in the countryside I saw brought back my childhood memories. I took it home and planted it on the back porch(门廊). Every so often my son’s friends will ask what it is. So I start telling stories of my boyhood, and of the milkman who brought us friendship along with his milk.
What was Mr. Basille?
How did Mr. Basille deliver milk to people’s doorsteps?
What else did Mr. Basille deliver besides milk?
What would the boy’s mother do if she wanted to add a bottle of buttermilk?
What can we learn from the fact that Mr. Basille had the key to the boy’s house?
Why did the writer bring back home an old milk box?

The sports utility vehicle (SUV多用途车辆) was invented in the early 1990s. It quickly became very popular in the United States. There are several r   for this. It is larger than most of cars. It can carry lots of people, bicycles, toys, dogs and other things. This makes it popular with families. It also has four doors and a big back door, so getting in or out is e     . Since an SUV is taller than most cars, the driver can see above other cars and have a better sight of the road. With a lot more p   , an SUV can go faster than most cars. It can also go on very rough roads where other cars cannot go.
The SUV is popular with many people, but other people do not like these cars. First, they are larger than most other cars. This means that drivers of other cars may not be able to see the road w     . Also, SUVs are very heavy. If an SUV gets into an accident with a small car, the small car may be in s    trouble. Another problem with SUVs is that they are very expensive. They are expensive to buy --- about 50 percent more expensive than an average small car. They are also expensive to use, since they use a lot more gasoline(汽油) than smaller cars.
There are two ways to solve these problems. One way is to change the way we think about them. Now they are sold as large cars. In the future, maybe they should be sold as trucks. Then people with just a car license could not d     them. They would have to get a truck license. These licenses are more expensive and difficult to get, so p      fewer people would buy SUVs. The other way to solve SUV problems is to make them differently. Some people think that car companies should make big SUVs smaller and less dangerous. They should also make SUVs with less powerful engines. Then they would not use so much gasoline.

It is well known that everyone has his own dream as well as his own future. But do you know what future really is? I have to say that future is now. That is to say we must treasure every minute now. If we want to have a bright future, we should know how important time is and use it well.
There is an old English saying: “Gain time, gain life.” Then what’s time? Time is something that we can’t see or touch, but we can feel it passing by. Time is always with us. When we are at table, time passes; when we play, time goes by unnoticeable. We always say “Time is money”, but time is even more precious(珍贵的)than money, because when money is spent , we can earn it back. But if time is gone away, it will never return. So, some of us even say time is priceless(无价的).
We should always remember: future is now. For us students, we should try our best to work hard in order to create a great future of our own. We should make the best use of every hour and be the master of today. We should do everything before us as well as possible. And never put off what can be done today till tomorrow.
As we all know, “Time and tide wait for no man.” If you waste today, you will regret tomorrow. So from now on, work hard. Tomorrow will be better, and your future will be brighter. Remember: “No pains, no gains.” Today’s hard work is the cause of tomorrow’s harvest.
Title:               and Today

Opinions	Supporting details
Future is now	Everyone has his own dream as          as his own future. If we want to have a bright future, we should know the         of time and make every minute useful .
is priceless	Time is money, but time is even more             than money, because when money is spent, we can earn it back. But           time will return no more.
Be masters of today	Today’s hard work leads to tomorrow’s           . As students, we should           put off what can be done today till tomorrow and we should try our best to do everything well.

China has decided to stop the use of free plastic bags. Supermarkets, shops and outlets(经销店) in China can’t offer plastic bags any more.
Every year, people use too many plastic bags. They throw them here and there after they have used them. The government has done its best to deal with them but failed.  While we offer quick serviceto customers, the plastic bags pollute water, earth and air, and they waste the oil. The government asks people to go back to carry cloth bags and use basketswhen they go to buy something. The cloth bags and the baskets can be used again and again.
Many months have passed. The environment has been improved a lot.

Action	Make a decision to stop the use of
	Supermarkets, shops and outlets
Advantage	Offer       service to customers
Disadvantage	Pollute water， earth and air  and waste
What should we do	Go back to carry cloth bags and use

Do you think animals can predict the weather or other natural events? Farmers living in the countryside think so.          They think animals’ behavior can be connected to future weather conditions or events. For example, if swans fly into the wind, a hurricane（飓风） is coming.          There are many traditional stories connecting animals and natural events. Many people think that these stories are just folklore（民间故事）, traditional stories and beliefs without scientific evidence.         Kiyoshi Shimamura is a Japanese earthquake researcher. He noticed an increase in dog bites a short time before earthquakes hit. Then, he did an investigation（调查） of twelve public health centers in Kobe, Japan.        He noticed some interesting information about the moth before the big earthquake. Treatment for animal bites had increased. In fact, aggressive (冒犯的) behavior in dogs, such as biting and barking loudly, jumped by 60 percent! People noticed other changes in animal behavior before the earthquake as well. For example, fish began swimming together in large groups, only in the middle of the water and not near the edges. Also, birds flew away from their nests for many days, leaving their eggs unprotected.     

Taobao, China’s largest online shopping site, has become an important part of Wang Lin’s life. She spends lots of money on Taobao.
A growing number of Chinese Internet users like Wang have found the joys of online shoppinng. Most online shoppers are students or young workers. More women shop on line than men. Clothing and home-use products are the most popular on line. It was reported that more than 250 billion yuan was spent on online shopping in the year 2012, 80% through Taobao.
Taobao means “looking for treasure” in Chinese . People can find almost everything they need on Taobao, from clothes to books , from candies to DVD players.
You may question the security of online shopping, Wang Lin said, “ It's very safe and convenient. Unless you receive the products from the sellers and are satisfied with them, the shop owner will not get the money. You can also get your money back if you want to return the products.”
What is Taobao?
__________________________________________________________________________________
Who are the most online shoppers?
__________________________________________________________________________________
Do more men shop on line than women?
__________________________________________________________________________________
What can you do if you want to return the products?
__________________________________________________________________________________
How much did people spend on online shopping through Taobao in the year 2012?
__________________________________________________________________________________

When your pen is broken, you think that’s the end of its life. You throw it away. It then joins tons of other garbage that is becoming a big problem in cities.
Each day, about 10,000 tons of waste is produced in Guangzhou, and 17,000 tons of household waste is produced in Beijing.In other countries, the case is similar.“If you’re like most of us, most Americans, you’re making seven pounds (3.17kg) of trash a day,” US writer Edward Humes told CNN. So, an American makes 102 tons of trash in a lifetime.
If you simply throw away that broken pen, it goes to a landfill(垃圾填埋场) and is buried together with many other trash. To prevent polluting the groundwater, workers cover the trash with soil and keep it dry. And your pen will stay there for a long, long time, without having further use.
But it could have a better destination: the recycling bin.Have you ever noticed the different colors of trash bins in the street? Many cities in China have been running a waste-sorting (垃圾分类) campaign. They divide trash into “recyclable waste” and “unrecyclable waste”.
Recycling waste can save energy, reduce greenhouse gas, and keep space free for the unrecyclable trash.Take your pen as an example. At the recycling factory, its metal parts could be taken out and reused to make other things.But recycling is not enough, experts say. Making less waste in the first place is the way forward.
“The best thing to do is just keep using your stuff for as long as you can,” US writer Adam Minter told Time Out magazine.
根据短文内容完成句子填空（每空限填一个单词）。
In second paragraph, we can know China is __________ __________ other countries in producing waste.
根据短文内容完成句子填空（每空限填一个单词）。
Workers cover the trash with soil in order to __________ it __________ polluting the groundwater.
根据短文内容回答问题。
According to the story, what is the best wayto save energy?
_______________________________________________________________________________
把短文中画线的句子译成汉语。
_______________________________________________________________________________
根据短文内容用一个完整的英文句子（限10个词以内）回答问题。
What’s the main purpose of the passage?
_______________________________________________________________________________

Yue Lin used to leave the dormitory (宿舍)door wide open, especially as summer was coming. But now he has to keep reminding himself and his roommates to close the door. He has every reason to be. According to a local newspaper, in most school criminal cases, 80 percent are thefts. Dormitory safety becomes even serious on the graduation season. Students had better be careful with dormitory safety.
Room theft
According to the police, room theft has risen in the last two months. In March alone, many computers and cameras were stolen at Hainan University. Many students often leave their laptop(手提) on the desk ,chatting with friends in another room or going outside to buy some snacks. They don’t recognize the risk of living a “careless” life in their dormitory. They live in the dormitory as they live at home. They don’t see any danger. But from now on they should be careful.
Fire
Compared to other danger, a fire which may make students lose their lives are more serious. Recently, Yin Jiachen, 20, a student at the Beijing Institute of Technology, returned to her dormitory to smell burning plastic in the room. Luckily, she quickly found something burning. “If I had come back only a bit later, the room could have been ______ ________.” says Yin. Preventing fires has been the top safety in dormitories for years, but it’s still the biggest problem. Students aren’t allowed to use heaters and similar dangerous things in the dormitory. Besides, many schools start to provide air conditioners and heaters for students so that students don’t need to buy those that raise a safety risk.
在文章空白处填上适当的单词。  ______________    _________________
将划线部分句子翻译成中文。_______________________________________________
根据文章内容回答问题。 Why is a fire more serious than other danger in the dormitory?
_______________________________________________________________________________
找出与In the dormitory, heaters and similar dangerous things mustn’t be used.意思相近的句子，并将它写在答题卡上。________________________________________________________________
找出文章的中心句，并将它写在答题卡上。____________________________________________________

What is the strongest part of your body? Your head? Bones? It’s your teeth! There is a special thing called enamel (牙釉质) in teeth. It is the hardest thing in the human body and keeps bacteria (细菌) away. However, teeth are vulnerable (易受伤害的) to problems and disease. September 20 is National Teeth-loving Day in China. Let’s pay attention to the health of our teeth.
Teeth problems are common around the world. Most children and young adults have tooth decay (龋齿). A study published on China Health Monthly magazine this year showed that 40.74 percent of a sample (抽样) of 1,306 Chinese students under age 15 had decayed teeth.
(1)Food that is rich in sugar increases the risk of tooth decay. After you eat, bacteria go crazy over the sugar on your teeth, like ants at a picnic. The bacteria turn sugar into acids (酸) that eat away at tooth enamel. This cause holes in your teeth.
Another ______ ______(2) is crooked teeth (龅牙). When your new teeth begin to grow and the old teeth haven’t fallen out, there isn’t enough space for the new ones. This causes crooked teeth.
Don’t worry. Here are some ways to keep your teeth healthy.
Brush at least twice a day – in the morning and before bedtime.
Learn to use dental floss (牙线). The floss gets rid of food that’s hidden where your toothbrush can’t get it.
Visit a dentist. He or she can check if you have any dental problems and help you clean your teeth.
Pay attention to what you eat. It is better to eat lots of fruits and vegetables instead of fries and drink water instead of soda.
Wear braces (牙套): it can make your teeth straight and beautiful.
将（1）句译成中文。
________________________________________________________________________
在（2）处的空白处分别填入一个适当的词使句意完整、上下文通顺。
______________ _____________
回答问题：How many ways to keep your teeth healthy are mentioned in the passage?
__________________________________________________________________________
在文中找出与 Most kids and young people have decayed teeth.意思相同或相近的句子。
__________________________________________________________________________
在文中找出最能表达该短文主题的句子。
_________________________________________________________________________

It’s reported that school accidents, such as food poisoning (食物中毒), fires, electricity and traffic, kill more primary and middle school students than anything else. So we must learn how to protect ourselves better. Here are some tips for keeping safety in mind every day.
On our way home or to school: Wait for the green traffic light, and look left and right before we cross the road. We’d better wear bright-color clothes, so the drivers can see us easily. Don’t believe strange people in the street.
At school: When students around us begin to push each other, we need to stand still and try to hold onto something, or stay in a corner until the crowd leaves. If we fall down in a moving crowd, use both hands to cover the head. Lean to one side, curl up (蜷缩) our body and bend (使弯曲) the legs.
In a fire: Stay calm. Leave the classroom quickly under the directions of the teachers. Smoke can be more dangerous than fire, so use a piece of cloth to cover our mouth and nose. What will we do if the clothes burn? Remember not to run! Drop and fall to the ground. Then roll! It will make the fire go out.
For eating: Wash fruits carefully before eating them. Check the expiration dates (保质期) on the packages of the snacks, and if it looks or smells bad, don’t eat it.

Topic: Keep       in mind every day
Fact	It’s       that school accidents kill more students than anything else.
Safety Tips	On the	Wait for the green light, look both sides before we       the road. Wear bright colors. Don’t believe strangers in the street.
At school	It’s       for us to stand still and try to hold onto something, or stay in a corner until the crowd leaves. We’d better cover our head with both hands, leaning to one side, curling up our body and       our legs.
In a fire	Stay calm. Follow the teachers’     and leave quickly. Cover our mouth and nose       a piece of cloth. Drop to the ground and roll over and over to put out the fire.
For eating	Wash fruits carefully before we eat them. Check the expiration dates. Don’t eat the food that    bad.
Purpose	To make the students know the tips to be protected from      .

Computers can injure(伤害)you. Most other injuries happen suddenly．For example，if you fall off a bike and break your arms, it happens very quickly. But computer injuries happen slowly．You probably know how to ride a bike safely. Now learn some ways of keeping you away from computer injuries．
Your eyes
Too much light can injure your eyes, so never sit too close to a computer screen. Your eyes should be more than 50 centimeters from the screen. Don’t forget to look away from it sometimes. This gives your eyes a rest．
When you use a computer, the window should be on your left or your right. If it is behind you, the light will reflect on(反射)the screen. If the window is in front of you，the sun and the screen will both shine into your eyes．
Your hands and wrists(手腕)
Hand and wrist injuries can happen because you move the hands and wrists in the same way hundreds of times. If you use a keyboard for a long time, follow these three rules:
Rest your wrists on something.
Keep your elbows(肘)as high as the keyboard.
Stop sometimes and exercise your hands, wrists and fingers in a different way．
Your back
Some people sit for many hours before a computer. If you sit in the wrong way, you can injure your back or your neck. So you should keep your back straight when you sit. The top part of the screen should be in front of your eyes. Your forearms, wrists, hands and the upper part of your legs should all be parallel(平行)to the floor. If you are sitting for a long time, get up every half an hour and exercise your arms, legs and neck．
Enjoy your computer, but use it safely．

Title:  How to use a computer safely
Different  of your body	Causes of the injuries	Some of keeping you away from computer injuries
Your eyes	◆Too much light can injure your eyes	◆Don’t sit too close to a computer screen． ◆Your eyes should be             50 centimeters from the screen． ◆ to look away from the screen sometimes．
Your        and wrists	◆You them in the same way hundreds of times. ◆You use a keyboard for a long time.	◆ your wrists on something. ◆Keep your elbows as  as the keyboard． ◆Exercise your hands, wrists and fingers in different ways．
Your back	◆You sit for many hours      a computer． ◆ You sit in the wrong way.	◆You should keep your back                when you sit． ◆Get up every half an hour if you are sitting for a long time.

Jack’s brother bought a magazine called Choice. It introduces to its readers information about all kinds of products like cameras, computers, cars, etc. This information helps them make the best choice when they buy something.
Jack borrowed his brother’s magazine when he needed a new computer. “I’ll read about all the different computers,” he said, “And I’ll choose the best one.”
ThinkPad G450M-T4300: This computer comes with lots of good software. However it does not have much memory and is rather slow. At $3,600, it’s not very good value for money.
HP CQ40-506AX: This is the most expensive computer we tasted. However it is also the most
reliable(值得信赖的). It is very fast and has lots of memory. Though it’s 600 dollars more expensive than ThinkPad G450M-T4300, it is worth the extra money if you can afford it.
The Acer A175-78: At only $2,600, this is the cheapest computer we tasted. It has plenty of memory and is quite fast. However, it “crashed” twice while we were testing it and we cannot recommend(推荐) it for reliability.
Jack choose HP CQ40-506AX. “I know it’s expensive, brother,” he said. “But it will last me a long time and do everything I want it to do.”

Types	Advantage	Disadvantage	__  ___
ThinkPad G450M-T4300:	Good software	Doesn’t have much memory and is rather slow.	$3,600
HP CQ40-506AX	________	The most expensive
The Acer A175-78	Plenty of memory and quite fast	_______	$2,600

Today we make a survey about the popularity of computer games among middle school students. Half of male students in our class like playing computer games very much. Though our teachers and their parents tell them not to play games any more again and again, they play the computer games daily and they don’t go to school. They spend a lot of time playing computer games each time, so they often ask their parents for money or borrow money from their classmates. Some students even use mobile phones to play the games in class. They don’t listen to the teacher carefully and usually forget to do their homework. I think it’s really bad for their lessons.
Playing computer games wastes money and it is also bad for students’ health and study. So I hope those who have got the habit of playing computer games could give it up as soon as possible．
Information Card

The popular activity among middle school students	.
Situation in playing games	in our class like playing computer games very much. Some students even            in class.
Writer’s points	Playing computer games            and it is not good for                            .

My mother used to ask me what the most important part of the body was. Through the years I would guess that what I thought was the correct answer.
When I was young, I thought sound was very important to us, so I said, “My ears, Mum.” She said, “No. Many people are deaf. But you keep thinking about it and I will ask you again soon.”
Several years passed before she asked me again. Since making my first try, I had contemplated （仔细考虑）the correct answer. So this time I told her, “Mum, sight is very important to everybody, so it must be our eyes.” She looked at me and told me, “You are learning fast, but the answer is not right because there are many people who are blind.”
Over the years, Mother kept asking me the same question and her answer was always, “No, but you are getting cleverer every year, my child.”
Then last year, my grandpa died. Everybody was hurt. Everybody was crying. My mum looked at me when it was our turn to say our final goodbye to Grandpa. She asked me, “Do you know the most important body part yet, my dear?”
I was surprised when she asked me this now. I always thought this was a game between her and me. She saw the confusion（迷惑）on my face and told me, “This question is very important. It shows how you have really lived your life.” I saw her eyes filled with tears（眼泪）. She said, “My dear, the most important body part is your shoulder.”
I asked, “Is it because it holds up your head?”
She answered, “No, it is because it can hold the head of a friend or loved one when they cry. Everybody needs a shoulder to cry on sometimes in life, my dear. I only hope that you have enough love and friends that you will have a shoulder to cry on when you need it.”
Then and there I knew the most important part of the body is not a selfish one. It is the care to the pain（痛苦） of others.
What did his mother use to ask him?________________________________________________
Did he think sound was very important to them when he was young? ______________________
When did his grandpa die? ________________________________________________________
Why is shoulder the most important part of the body? __________________________________
What did his mother want to tell him in the end? ______________________________________

We are told breakfast is the most important meal of the day, and dinner the most enjoyable. But what about lunch? In today’s fast-paced society, not many people take time to enjoy this midday meal. We just take a quick salad, or buy a sandwich and eat at our computers. Sometimes, if there is a deadline around the corner, we just give up lunch. The development of technology hasn’t done our eating habits much good, either. We are constantly distracted（分神） by e-mails, social media, 24-hour news, and hand-held electronic devices.
Long working hours can cause all kinds of health problems. Employers（雇主）should encourage workers to take time off for lunch. This is because long lunch breaks can benefit both people and society. To take a lunch break is to slow down and gain some views. A break from work allows us to think cleverly and outside the box. It also puts our daily tasks into a wider context（环境）.
What we eat at lunch is also important. A fast-food lunch is more harmful than not having lunch at all. And it’s not just about calories（卡路里）and unhealthy food. Recent studies show that fast food also has negative effects （负面影响）on how we think. However, if we sit down at a proper restaurant and chat leisurely with colleagues, we are more likely to slow down and talk about something that hardly can be achieved in a noisy and crowded fast food chain.
Do many people take time to enjoy the midday meal?
  What can cause all kinds of health problems?
Why should employers encourage workers to take time off for lunch?
Which is more harmful, having a fast-food lunch or not having lunch at all?
What are the writer’s suggestions?