Some primary schoolchildren have been raised in homes with more green space around． They are likely to come with larger volumes of white and grey matter in certain areas of the brain． These differences are associated（关联） with beneficial effects on cognitive function （认知功能）． This is the main conclusion of a study led by the Barcelona Institute for Global Health．
The study was performed among 253 schoolchildren in Spain．Lifelong exposure（接触） to green space in the living places was recorded﹣using the information on the children's addresses from birth up through to the time of the study． Brain structure was studied using 3D magnetic resonance imaging （MRI）． Working memory and inattentiveness（注意力不集中）were graded with computers．
"This is the first study that shows the association between long﹣term exposure to green space and brain structure．" Says Dr． Payam Dadvand， the leading researcher of the study． "Our findings suggest that exposure to green space early in life could result in beneficial structural changes in the brain．"
The findings show that long﹣term exposure to greenness is positively associated with white and grey matter volumes in several parts of the brain． Some of them are related to higher scores on cognitive tests． Moreover， larger volumes of white and grey matter in those parts might lead to better working memory and less inattentiveness．
Exposure to nature has been thought to be necessary for brain development in children． Another study of 2，593 children shows that children in school with more green space have a greater increase in working memory and a greater decrease in inattentiveness．
Humans are believed to be tied to nature． Playing in greener areas offers children opportunities to search and learn． Accordingly， green space is thought to promptimportant exercises in discovery， creativity and risk taking． These exercises in turn positively influence brain development．
Dr． Dadvand's study suggests how such structural changes could bring about the beneficial effects of green spaces on cognitive development． It also adds to the proof that suggests the lasting effects of early life exposure to greenness on our health and the benefits of increasing greenness in cities．
Further studies are needed to prove the findings in other populations， settings and climates． And researchers need to examine differences according to the nature and quality of green space．
（1）The second paragraph is mainly about ．
A． how the study was performed
B． what was recorded in the study
C． how long the study lasted
D． who took part in the study
（2）The word "prompt" in paragraph 6 probably means " "．
A． control
B． encourage
C． balance
D． change
（3）What can we learn from the passage？
A． Working memory influences white and grey matter in the brain．
B． Dr． Dadvand stressed the importance of changing the environment．
C． Studies proved the influence of greenness on populations outs of Spain．
D． Living in greener neighborhoods benefits children in brain development．
All over the world，thousands of animals are used for wildlife tourism．People travel to watch monkey shows，hug baby tigers and swim with dolphins．It might look like fun，but there are reports that animals are hurt now and again．
The World Animal Protection（WAP）says that up to 550，000 wild animals are exposed（暴露）to ill treatment around the world；in Cambodia，for example，it's been reported that elephants have died after carrying tourists for long in hot weather．This is getting attention﹣over 100 travel companies have promised that they will no longer open up such places．However，some people argue that animal tourism isn't always as bad as it seems．So what do you think？
Group Yes
●Animals weren't put on this planet for enjoyment．They should be free to live as they choose．
●The way animals are treated is often cruel and causes much pain．Even if treated well，they cannot act in the same way as they would in the wild．
●We don't need wildlife tourism．We can see animals close up in their natural home in TV programs．There's no need to disturb（打扰）them in real life．
Group No
●It is enjoyable and educational for people to communicate with the wonderful animals．
The more people know about them，the more they want to protect them．
●Wildlife tourism brings money to poor areas and may be the only way for some people to make a living．
●Not all animals are treated badly．Some endangered animals are under the protection of programs that look after rare species（稀有物种）．
（1）How many wild animals are facing bad treatment according to WAP？
A．More than 100．
B．Hundreds．
C．Thousands．
D．About 550，000．
（2）The underlined words "such places" refer to（指）the places for ．
A．foreign travelers
B．sick elephants
C．wildlife protection
D．animal tourism
（3）What opinion do the two groups have in common？
A．Animals can live wherever they like．
B．Wildlife should be protected．
C．Animal tourism supports poor people．
D．Wildlife is well looked after．
（4）"Group Yes" suggests that people should not disturb animal ．
A．in Cambodia
B．in travel companies
C．in real life
D．In poor areas
（5）What is the text mainly about？
A．Ways of protecting rare species．
B．Different opinions on wildlife tourism．
C．How to bring tourists enjoyment．
D．Whether to collect information on wildlife．
Xiao Liuying is an old man living in a village near the Yangtze River． He used to be a fisherman． But now he is head of a voluntary（志愿的） team that cleans waste from the Yangtze river．
To protect finless porpoises（江豚） and the Yangtze River， the government has stopped people from fishing on the river．In 2019，Xiao Liuying formed the voluntary team with 12 other fishermen．Today the team has more than 50 members．All of them are over 60 years old． "We want to protect the river while we can，" said Xiao．
Every week， the team go along the river to collect waste and make sure no one is fishing on the river．Some of the waste they collect is sent to the disposalstation，while some that can be reused is sold．So far， they have cleaned over 50 tons of waste， Thanks to their hard work， the Yangtze River is getting clearer．
（1）How many members were there in the team when it was formed？
A．12．
B．13．
C．50．
D．62．
（2）What does the underlined word "disposal" in Paragraph 3 mean？
A．处理．
B．传播．
C．救护．
D．保养．
（3）What is the best title（标题） for the text？
A． Fishing on the Yangtze River．
B． Tons of Waste in the Yangtze River．
C． Reasons for Protecting the Yangtze River．
D． A Voluntary Team Protecting the Yangtze River．
Can a green machine help the world's poorest kids learn better？Nicholas Negroponte thinks so.He and his team of scientists have invented a new type of computer.As a result，many children who live in poverty （贫穷） will have their own laptop computers!
Negroponte works at a university.He started a group called One Laptop Per Child （OLPC）.The people at OLPC don't work for money.They work to help children learn.OLPC makes computers that don't cost a lot.Then they sell the machines to governments of countries that have many people live in poverty.The governments then give the computes to kids for free.
The XO Laptop computers are made for school﹣aged children in developing nations.Many of these children live in faraway areas and go to schools with classrooms.In order to work，the laptops have to be lasting and student﹣friendly.
The machines have many fun characters like a built﹣in video camera，voice recording，and games.The WiFi lets students share information on the Web and read e﹣books.They also can make music and chat with friends.
Another great character is that it can last for a long time.It can be hand charged and also can be recharged by connecting to a solar panel.Because of these characters the XO laptops make learning fun while helping the environment.
The computers have a colorful name﹣"the green machine".Negroponte thinks they could make a difference in the lives of millions of kids.He says， "Every problem you can think of﹣poverty，peace，the environment﹣is solved with education."
OLPC plans to give out over ten million computers in the next few years.Kids in Thailand，Nigeria，Brazil，and Argentina will get most of them.China and Egypt also want to take part in the program.After that，Negroponte hopes to sell computers to other countries with high poverty.
（1）Negroponte thinks his laptop computers will help the world's poorest kids to .
A.work at home
B.go to school on time
C.learn better
（2）What can we know about the people at OLPC according to Paragraph 2？
A.They work for money.
B.They give computers to kids for free.
C.They sell computers to governments with many people living in poverty.
（3）Why do XO laptops make learning fun while helping the environment？
A.Because they are lasting and student﹣friendly.
B.Because they are made for school﹣aged children.
C.Because they have a colorful name.
（4）What does the underlined word " charged" mean in Chinese？
A.携带.
B.充电.
C.使用.
（5）Who will get most of the computers in the next few years？
A.Kids in Thailand.
B.Kids in China.
C.Kids in Egypt.
The world uses about a thousand million （百万） tons of water a day． Water is a human right and everyone should have their share． Yet more than 700 million people around the world have trouble getting clean， safe water．
Treating wastewater is a good way to provide fresh water for us． And it also helps the environment by keeping waste out of rivers and oceans． 80% of wastewater around the world is not treated at all， and it is running into oceans．
But now we have got the technology to treat and reuse the wastewater．
While 75% of our planet is covered with water， only about 2% is fresh water﹣that comes from rivers， lakes， ice and snow． The rest， 98% of the water， is in seas and oceans． It is too salty to drink． Then desalinationbusinesses come in． More than 19.000 factories have been built around the world， mostly in coastal countries． They process（加工） more than 92 million tons of water every day． But the technology they use requires a lot of energy．
Scientists are working to create a less costly technology． They want to produce 20 times more clean water and make sure everyone has enough． But for now， the world still faces each day with not having enough water for everyone．
（1）How many people have trouble in getting clean water around the world？
A． Under 10 million．
B． Only 19 million．
C． About 92 million．
D． Over 700 million．
（2）Treating waste water helps the environment by ．
A． storing waste in ice and snow
B． letting waste run into oceans
C． keeping waste out of rivers and oceans
D． sending waste to coastal countries
（3）What does the underlined word "desalination" in Paragraph 3 mean？
A． 远洋运输
B． 潮汐发电
C． 食盐销售
D． 海水淡化
（4）At present， the technology to process water ．
A． needs much energy
B． saves much money
C． satisfies everyone
D． causes pollution
（5）What can we infer from the last paragraph？
A． Water should be a human right．
B． The water problem is still serious．
C． Our planet is covered with water．
D． Everyone has enough clean water．
Birth order﹣﹣﹣does it matter？ Are you different because you are the first， second， or third child in your family﹣﹣﹣or maybe the last of nine？
A study found that first﹣borns have an average（平均的）IQ that is three points higher than people who fall into a different place in the birth order， perhaps because first﹣borns often help younger brothers and sisters， which improves their own skills． In 2007， an international organization of CEOs found that 43% of CEOs are first﹣borns ，33% are middle children， and 23% are last﹣borns． First﹣borns are more likely （可能的）to be doctors and astronauts and get higher pay．
If first﹣borns are more successful， last﹣borns are generally more agreeable． They are also more likely to be funny， possibly to get attention from all the bigger people at the dinner table． Mark Twain and Stephen Colbert were both the youngest in large families， and Jim Carrey was the youngest of four． According to a 2007 Time magazine article， "The power of Birth Order，" last﹣borns are more likely to be artists and successful businessmen．
Then there are the middle children； we have not ignored（忽视） them! Many middle children are short of one﹣on﹣one time with their parents． They often feel short﹣changed： the oldest gets more rights， and the youngest is "spoiled（宠坏的） "．Though they may be ignored， middle children are more likely to grow into easygoing adults．
Many factors（因素）make us who we are， but if the research is correct， birth order may be one of the most important factors．
（1）Who is most likely to be a CEO？
A． A first﹣born．
B． A second﹣born．
C． A third﹣born．
D． A last﹣born．
（2）What can we learn about Jim Carrey？
A． He was likely to be given low pay．
B． He was likely to be agreeable．
C． He was a first﹣born．
D． He was a middle child．
（3）What does the underlined word "short﹣changed" in Paragraph 4 probably mean in Chinese？
A．受亏待的
B．受控制的
C．受宠爱的
D．受欢迎的
（4）We can learn from the research that birth order ．
A． has no influence on IQ
B． matters a lot at the dinner table
C． may decide who we are
D． is a factor in making us powerful
（5）What would be the best title for the text？
A． Where Is Your Place in the Family？
B． Who Improves Your Social Skills？
C． What Makes You Successful in Life？
D． How Can You grow into a Big Man？
WILL THE WORLD AT 12：01 A M．on Jan.1，2019 be completely different from how it was at 11：59 p．m on Dec .31， 2018？ Not really． But people make a big deal of flipping（ 翻动） over the calendar．For example， you make a New Year resolution， a promise to yourself that you' ll try to be better in the year ahead． Maybe that means being nicer to your family members， or reading news more often． My resolution is to have a pet． My favourite pet is in the puzzle on the right． Try to find it． |
THE RULES 1． You may only move across or down． 2． Your path must spell out real words! |
（1）Sam Ehren wrote this passage on ．
A．Jan.1，2019
B．Jan.1，2018
C．Dec.30，2018
D．Dec.31，2018
（2）What does the underlined word"resolution"mean in the passage？
A．Promise．
B．Entertainment．
C．Humour．
D．Secret．
（3）From the puzzle，we can find the writer's favourite pet is a ．
A．mouse
B．dog
C．cat
D．bird
Heads Up!
In November，the US Soccer Federation，the biggest soccer organization in the US introduces new rules to make the sport safer for young players．This organization
announced that players on its teams who are 10 or younger are no longer allowed to head the ball．Players aged from 11 to 13 have limits on how often they can practice heading．The new rules are designed to prevent kids from getting concussions﹣injuries caused by a blow to the head that shakes the brain inside the skull（头骨）．Common symptoms（症状） include headaches and dizziness．
A DANGEROUS MOVE
Heading the ball can be one of the riskiest parts of soccer．Sometimes the force of hitting the ball with their heads gives players concussions．But more often，players receive concussions when they jump to head the ball and accidentally knock heads with other players or fall and hit their heads on the grass．
"More concussions happen during the act of heading than any other action in soccer，"explains Dr．Robert Cantu，an expert on brain injuries．
LEADING THE WAY
So far，the new rules apply only to teams that are part of the US Soccer Federation．But the group says it hopes other leagues will soon follow its example．
（1） is the biggest soccer organization in the US．
A．The US Soccer Team
B．The US Soccer Federation
C．Soccer Federation in States
D．Soccer Group US
（2）The new rules in the passage will help ．
A．develop the players'soccer skills
B．old players play better
C．young players play soccer more safely
D．make people more interested in soccer games
（3）What does the underlined word"concussion"probably mean in Chinese？
A．脑震荡
B．高血压
C．心绞痛
D．低血糖
（4） is the most dangerous action in soccer？
A．Running with the ball
B．Passing
C．Controlling the ball
D．Heading
（5）What can you learn from the last paragraph？
A．The soccer teams is the US follow the rules
B．The rules allow the organization to rule the other groups．
C．The organization hopes other leagues will soon make similar rules．
D．Young soccer players will never get injured from now on．
After coming to America， the use of "yes" and "no" brings me a lot of trouble， because the use in Korean （韩语） is a different from that in English． For example， if I am asked， "Haven't you had dinner yet？" and I have not had dinner yet， then in Korean I usually say "Yes， I haven't．" But in English， I have to say， "No， I haven't．"
Because of this， my friends often get the opposite meaning from what I want to give them． One day only a month after I came to America， I had dinner with an American student， Bob． He asked me some questions and I answered them sincerely． A few days later， I found some roommates thought that I came from North Korea． One day ，I stopped by Bob's room and asked why he was spreading the wrong information． "Oh， you told me that． Don't you remember？" he said， "When I asked you ，'You are not from North Korea，are you？'you clearly answered， 'Yes， of course．' Didn't it mean that you are from North Korea？"
The different use also causes problems between my friends and me． One weekend night， my roommate Mark brought his children into the dorm（宿舍）． They make some noise while playing． I did not mind the noise since I was just watching TV． The next morning， I met Mark． He asked me with a smile， "Didn't my children make noise last night？ Didn't it make you uncomfortable？" Because I did not mind the noise at all， I clearly said "Yes!" The smile suddenly disappear from Mark's face， and he said， "I am sorry about that． They are going right now． See you later．" I could not understand what he was sorry about， and I just said， "OK． Bye!" After a moment of thinking， I realized how stupid I was． That evening， I explained to Mark and said sorry to him． I knew he thought that I had been very rude．
Now to deal with this problem， I have set simple rules： First， take a five﹣second break if I am not sure of "yes" or "no"， Second， use "pardon me"， so the person may explain to me in a direct way．
（1）From the passage， we can infer （推断） that the writer comes from ．
A． North Korea
B． America
C． South Korea
D． China
（2）In Paragraph 3， when the writer answered "Yes"，Mark might think the writer was ．
A． rude
B． kind
C． helpful
D． polite
（3）The underlined word "it" in Paragraph 3 refers to （指的是） ．
A． "yes"
B． the noise
C． watching TV
D． the smile
（4）If the writer is not sure of "yes" or "no" next time， he will say ．
A． " pardon me"
B． "yes"
C． "no"
D． "I don't know"
（5）The writer writes the passage mainly to remind us ．
A． to work hard on English
B． to learn to respect others
C． never to use "yes" or "no"
D． to know culture differences
The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms．Grain Rain（谷雨），as the last term in spring，starts on April 19 and ends on May 4．
Grain Rain comes from the old saying，"Rain brings up the growth of hundreds of grains"，which shows that this period of rainfall is very important for the growth of crops．Here's something that you may not know about the Grain Rain．
1．____ Grain Rain falls between the end of spring and the beginning of summer，and the temperature rises much higher than it does in March．With dry soil and heavy winds，sandstorms may happen more often． |
2．_____ There is an old custom in southern China that people drink tea on the day of Grain Rain．Spring tea during Grain Rain is good for the eyes．It is also said that drinking tea on this day would prevent bad luck． |
3．____ People in northern China have the tradition to eat the vegetable toona sinesis during Grain Rain．An old Chinese saying goes"toona sinensis before the rain is as tender as silk（嫩如丝）"．The vegetables is good for the stomach and skin． |
4．_____ The Grain Rain Festival is celebrate by fishing villages in northern China．Grain Rain marks the start of the fishermen's fast voyage（航行）of the year．The custom dates back to more than 2000 years ago． |
42．When Grain Rain ends， starts．
A．spring
B．summer
C．autumn
43．The underlined word"crops"refers to ．
A．plants in the field
B．trees in the forest
C．fishes in the sea
44．The people in southern China on the day of Grain Rain．
A．drink tea
B．eat toona sinensis
C．start the first voyage
45．We can infer that"toona sinensis"must be a kind of vegetable which ．
A．can bring good luck
B．is dilicious and healthy
C．grows at the seaside
46．The right order of the titles from 1 to 4 should be ．
a．Eating toona sinensis
b．Sandstorms happen
c．Grain Rain Festival
d．Drinking tea
A．b﹣a﹣d﹣c
B．b﹣c﹣a﹣d
C．b﹣d﹣a﹣c．
It seems that food deliverymen （送货员） are always rushing in haste.We can always see them running every minute，and they seem to have lots of things to do the next minute.They wear blue，red or yellow helmets （头盔） and many of them don't follow traffic rules.They drive on the wrong side of the road and run red lights.They use mobile phones when they are driving.
However，not everything goes well with food deliverymen.In the first half of 2017，food deliverymen had 76 traffic accidents in Shanghai.That means every two and a half days，a food deliveryman will die or get hurt on the road.
What makes deliverymen take such risks？The strict rules of the food delivery companies and the worried customers may be the answer.Many companies will fine （罚款） a deliveryman up to 2，000 yuan if he can't deliver the food on time，reported China Daily.Fines also go to those who get bad reviews from customers.
To solve the problem，food delivery service companies need to do some changes.Some cities are also taking action.Shanghai has asked companies to train their deliverymen on traffic rules and safety.Now in Shenzhen，if a deliveryman breaks traffic rules more than twice，then he can't do the job for a whole year.
（1）The underlined phrase "in haste" in Paragraph 1 probably means in Chinese.
| A． |
匆忙地 |
| B． |
慢慢地 |
| C． |
意外地 |
| D． |
犹豫地 |
（2）The first paragraph mainly tells us that many food deliverymen .
| A． |
work very hard |
| B． |
break traffic rules |
| C． |
are good at driving |
| D． |
use mobile phones too much |
（3）How many reasons are mentioned for deliverymen's taking risks of breaking traffic rules？
| A． |
Two. |
| B． |
Three. |
| C． |
Four. |
| D． |
Five. |
（4）If a food deliveryman ，the companies will fine him.
| A． |
drives too slowly |
| B． |
delivers food on time |
| C． |
obeys traffic rules |
| D． |
gets bad reviews from his customers |
（5）What is the main idea of the last paragraph？
| A． |
Traffic rules are too strict to deliverymen. |
| B． |
Food deliverymen cannot drive on important roads in the future. |
| C． |
Some cities are working to solve the problem and make things better. |
| D． |
All the companies in China train their deliverymen on traffic rules and safety. |
Every Saturday evening， many people come to an open square in a small town in Xi' an． They want to watch Chen Kun and his friends put on a play． During the play， the audience （观众） can hear them， but they can not see them． That is because they are putting on a shadow puppet play （皮影戏）．
Shadow puppets are made of hard leather （皮革）． The leather is cut out in the shape of a person，an animal or an object． Each puppet is painted in bright colours and put on a stick． Some puppets have movable arms and legs．
During a shadow puppet play， Chen stands behind a white screen with lights behind it． The audience sit in front of the screen． Chen and his friends hold the puppets very close to the screen so the audience can see the puppets' shadows clearly． Then they move the puppets around and do the voices of the different characters．
Shadow puppet plays are a traditional Chinese art． Now with TV and films， shadow puppet plays are not as popular as before． To encourage more young people to learn the skills of shadow puppet plays，Chen provides training courses for students to teach them how to make shadow puppets．
Chen and his friends often work very hard for little money， but they do not mind． They want to keep this traditional art form alive．
（1）Why cannot the audience see Chen Kun and his friends during the play？
| A． |
Because there is no light in front of the screen． |
| B． |
Because the audience sit too far to see them． |
| C． |
Because Chen Kun and his friends are watching a play． |
| D． |
Because Chen Kun and his friends are putting on a shadow puppet play behind the screen． |
（2）According to the passage， what are shadow puppets made of ？
| A． |
Leather． |
| B． |
Sticks． |
| C． |
Plastic． |
| D． |
Paper． |
（3）The underlined word "it" refers to （指） in the passage．
| A． |
a white screen |
| B． |
a light |
| C． |
a shadow puppet |
| D． |
Chen Kun |
（4）Chen Kun and his friends put on shadow puppet plays because ．
| A． |
they want to enjoy themselves． |
| B． |
they want to make as much money as they can |
| C． |
they want to keep this traditional art form alive |
| D． |
shadow puppet plays are more popular than before |
Frank and his brother Jack lived near the ocean． Frank was outgoing while Jack was shy． They liked doing different things． Frank was famous for organizing games of beach volleyball， football， and any other sport imaginable． Jack preferred to draw， paint， or build sandcastles（沙堡）．
Frank didn't understand why Jack would rather do artistic things than play ball． He believed sports often allowed many kids to play together． That was when Jack's idea hatched． He would show Frank what doing things together looked like!
After Jack finished creating a special sandcastle with stairs，towers and walls，he took pictures of it．Then he painted colorful posters featuring（突出）his sandcastle and the question， "Can you top this？" He hung his posters everywhere in town， announcing his plan for a day of sandcastle artistry﹣all ages welcome．
When Frank saw poster， he not so nicely told Jack that no one would come． Still， shortly after sunrise on Saturday， Jack was on the beach digging in the sand． By mid﹣morning， four kids were sculpting（雕塑）the sand alongside him． By noon the number had increased a lot．
After Frank came back from his ball game， he went to check how his brother's plan turned out． He couldn't believe what he saw． At least 30 people were building a city of sandcastles， and everyone was chatting and laughing and working together! It was the most beautiful thing he had seen on the beach．
"I guess you've proved me wrong，" Frank said． "You should make this sandcastle day a yearly tradition!" Handing Frank a shovel（铲子）with smile， Jack got started together with his brother on their super creation in the sand．
（1）What does the underlined word "hatched" in Paragraph 2 probably mean in Chinese？
A． 产生
B． 改变
C． 消失
D． 中断
（2）What helped people know about Jack's plan？
A． Beautiful towers．
B． Colorful posters．
C． A town building．
D． A sandcastle day．
（3）When learning about Jack's plan， Frank was ．
A． doubtful
B． interested
C． satisfied
D． nervous
（4）What can we know about Jack's idea？
A． It came from a picture．
B． It needed 30 people's support．
C． It proved Frank right．
D． It did work well．
（5）Which of the following best describes Jack？
A． Honest．
B． Creative．
C． Outgoing．
D． Caring．
C
China has ended its long﹣lasted one﹣child policy，all Chinese couples now are allowed to have two children，which means that many Chinese children，including you，may have siblings （兄弟姐妹） in the future．
Like many only children in China，Pan is happy and confident，except when she feels lonely every now and then．"It's not fun，especially when I travel with my parents．How I wish I could have a brother or a sister，"she said．Now it could be time for Pan to realize her dream．But what would it be like growing up with a sibling？
Having a sibling can prevent children from bad feelings such as loneliness and fear，according to Laura Walker from Brigham Young University，US．"Siblings give kids something that parents can't，"she said．
You may not feel lonely because there is someone else to play with．You can also talk about various things and share secrets with each other．
But children with siblings also have to control their feelings and learn to compromise，said Laura．You need to share things with your siblings，including attention from parents，toys，the bathroom and even the TV．There is also unpleasant competition which you have to deal with．
It's also said that the birth order decides how parents treat their children．Parents are usually very nervous and strict with their first child．So firstborns （including only children） have more sense of responsibility because parents set high goals for them．When the couple has a second child，they are more relaxed，less strict and have fewer rules．So late﹣born kids are usually funny and creative．
根据短文内容，选择最佳答案．
51．The first paragraph is mainly about ．
A．a chance for siblings B．problems of only children C．the one﹣child policy
52．From the passage we can know that Pan ．
A．feels lonely all the time
B．may have a sibling in the future
C．enjoys traveling with her parents
53．According to Laura Walker from Brigham Young University，children with siblings ．
A．can stop themselves from fear and loneliness
B．may give their parents various things
C．must share everything with each other
54．The underlined word"compromise"means in Chinese．
A．争论 B．质疑 C．妥协
55．We can learn from the passage that ．
A．children must set high goals for themselves
B．parents should help siblings become great friends
C．siblings need to deal with competition between them．
Just like a car engine needs petrol（汽油），your body needs fuel（燃料；养料）．It needs food!
The things you eat and drink are turned into energy．
You need energy for everything﹣playing，walking，running，thinking﹣even sleeping．
Feeling hungry may mean you are running low on energy．If it is not mealtime，you may need a snack to re﹣fuel．
But what sort of snack should you eat？This is like choosing the right fuel for a car．Some cars，such as racing cars，need the best fuel to go fast and keep their engines running smoothly．
So，if you want to be at your most lively，choose the best fuel．This means eating healthy snacks．There is no better way to keep your engine running smoothly!
Healthy Snacks Eat these often． |
Unhealthy Snacks Eat these only sometimes． |
●Nuts●Seeds ●Dried fruit●Fresh vegetables ●Fresh fruit |
●Chips●Lollies ●Soft drinks●Chocolate bars ●Biscuits |
（1）What does "It" mean in the underlined sentence "It needs food!"？
A．Fuel．
B．Petrol．
C．Your body．
D．A car engine．
（2）When you are running low on energy，you may feel ．
A．smooth
B．hungry
C．lively
D．energetic
（3）The writer thinks it is better to ．
A．eat chips and biscuits
B．eat healthy snacks at mealtimes
C．eat seeds than vegetables
D．eat healthy snacks between meals．
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