初中英语说明文试题

The junior high school graduates（毕业生） have to take a P．E． test in many places around China． The full marks are（1）　　 forty﹣five points， but by this year， the number rises to sixty! And it means （2）　　 in the senior high school entrance exam（中考）．

    Usually， the test is held in May or June every year． Students of Grade 9（3）　　 test in their own schools． Each student is tested on three sports． They can choose long jump， basketball dribbling （运球）（4）　　 skipping． The pull﹣up （引体向上） is for boys， and girls can choose the sit﹣up（仰卧起坐）．（5）　　boys and girls must run 50 meters．

    Some students find the test is（6）　　and they get full marks． Students of Grade 9 usually do lots （7）　　 practice in P．E． classes． The training makes the test easier than it seems to be．

    Students don't have to （8）　　a lot for the test． But in P．E（9）　　， they still run a lot． Most teachers and parents welcome the P．E． test． They say it helps students（10）　　their health．

（1）A．never	B． very	C． seldom	D． usually
（2）A． little	B． less	C． much	D． most
（3）A．has	B． have	C． had	D． having
（4）A．or	B． then	C． but	D． so
（5）A． Either	B． None	C． Both	D． Neither
（6）A． easy	B． easier	C． difficult	D． more difficult
（7）A．in	B． at	C． of	D． to
（8）A． runs	B． running	C． ran	D． run
（9）A． classes	B． class	C． test	D． tests
（10）A． built in	B． build up	C． built up	D． building up

Students may have problems with their minds．Some students become worried because they have to study very（41） 　　．Others have trouble getting on well with people like their parents and classmates．

A student of Grade 8 could not understand his teacher and was doing（42） 　　in his lessons．He became so worried about it that he（43） 　　to cut his finger with a knife．

Another student was afraid of（44） 　　．She got very worried（45） 　　she looked at the exam paper，and she could write noting．A report says that 18% of Shanghai students have mental（心理的）problems．Their troubles include being worried and（46） 　　，having problems in learning and getting on with people．Many students who have problems won't ask for（47） 　　．Some think they will look stupid if they go to see a doctor．Others don't want to talk（48） 　　their secrets．

A famous expert on students has the fallowing（49） 　　；

•Talk to your parents and teachers often．

•Take part in group activities and play sports．

•Go to see a doctor if you feel unhappy（50） 　　unwell．

41．A．hard	B．hardly	C．easy	D．easily
42．A．worse	B．badly	C．well	D．better
43．A．refused	B．stopped	C．forgot	D．started
44．A．friends	B．exams	C．doctors	D．books
45．A．when	B．what	C．where	D．why
46．A．happy	B．unhappy	C．lucky	D．unlucky
47．A．success	B．chance	C．help	D．dream
48．A．to	B．with	C．about	D．in
49．A．suggestion	B．facts	C．fact	D．suggestions
50．A．as	B．or	C．but	D．so．

We live in a forest in Zambia（赞比亚）．There aren't any neighbor（46） 　 　nearby．And this community school is about an hour's drive from our home．It（47） 　 　169 students from Grade 1 to Grade 7．There are four teachers in the school．They are volunteers and they teach students（48） 　 　getting any money．But sometimes students will give（49） 　 　teachers some chicken and corn．There are over 70 languages in Zambia．Englishis the most popular and（50） 　 　of the students can speak English．

There is no running water in the school and the water pump（水泵） is broken．Teachers and students can't（51） 　　it for two months．So they have to（52） 　　their water from a nearby river．During school holidays，it always rains（53） 　　and the grass grows taller and taller．When school opens again，students will（54） 　　the grass and the school ground．

Most children in Zambia go to the community schools（55） 　　other schools are too far for them to go．They like their schools and they love their teachers．

46．A．restaurants	B．classrooms	C．schools	D．libraries
47．A．serves for	B．serves	C．works	D．works with
48．A．of	B．with	C．for	D．without
49．A．their	B．his	C．her	D．your
50．A．best	B．more	C．many	D．most
51．A．dig	B．use	C．fill	D．solve
52．A．send	B．touch	C．get	D．borrow
53．A．heavily	B．loudly	C．quietly	D．comfortably
54．A．raise	B．cut	C．clean	D．choose
55．A．if	B．because	C．unless	D．so

The universe is really mystical（神秘的）．Scientists have done lots of study about it but there is till much they haven't discovered．

Scientists think that there （41） 　　life on the earth for many many years．However，we haven't found life on any other planets （42） 　　．

There are eighteen planets going around the sun．The earth is one of them．There are humans，animals，plants and many other kinds of life on the earth．There is water and air，too．And compared to the other planets，the earth is not too （43） 　　or too cold．None of seven other planets has an environment like that of the earth．

The sun and its planets are called the solar system，and our solar system is a small part of a （44） 　　larger group of stars and planets，called the Galaxy or the Milky Way．There are （45） 　　stars in the Galaxy，and our sun is only one of them．

Scientists have also discovered many other galaxies in the universe．Their light has to travel for many years to reach us．So （46） 　　is the universe？it is impossible to imagine．

Scientists have sent spaceship to the planet Mars （47） 　　photos．they have even sent spaceships to travel outside （48） 　　．However，no spaceship has traveled （49） 　　to reach other stars in our Galaxy．

When we see stars twinkling（闪耀） in the sky at night，we may think a lot：（50） 　　so many stars in the universe，is there life out there in space？If there is life on other planets，what life will be like there？What transports do they use to travel？why don't they visit us？We do not know the answers…

41．A．is going to be	B．are going to be	C．has been	D．have been
42．A．yet	B．already	C．still	D．just
43．A．cool	B．warm	C．hot	D．wet
44．A．most	B．more	C．many	D．much
45．A.200 billions of	B.200 billion of	C．billions of	D．billion of
46．A．how large	B．how far	C．how wide	D．how long
47．A．taking	B．to take	C．take	D．took
48．A．Mars	B．the sun	C．the earth	D．the solar system
49．A．enough far	B．far enough	C．enough close	D．close enough
50．A．with	B．without	C．by	D．on．

What can lead you to success？ The most important thing is what you do every day． It is very simple． Your habits will decide whether or not you are （1）　　in the future． If you have strong and healthy good habits， it doesn't matter whether you fail or not today， because you are sure to succeed in the end． Having good habits does not mean that you will succeed every time． However，if it goes long， you will （2）　　all your goals and be successful．（3）　　the other hand， if you have strong bad habits， you are sure to fail at last．

    Why are habits so important？ （4）　　you repeat the same action and the same behavior every day． A single good action will not change your life， but the same action repeated 1，000 times will have an important effect on your life．

    How can you （5）　　good habits？ There is nothing easier than developing good habits． You want to make a habit， and then you must do the action every day． If you want to develop the habit of eating （6）　　food， eat healthily every day． If you want to develop the habit of reading， read every day． The more you do an action， the easier it becomes in（7）　　end．

（1）A． success	B． succeed	C． successful	D． successfully
（2）A． achieve	B． achieved	C． achieving	D． achieves
（3）A． In	B． On	C． At	D． To
（4）A． But	B． While	C． Because	D． Since
（5）A． find	B． offer	C． realize	D． develop
（6）A． health	B． healthy	C． unhealthy	D． healthily
（7）A． the	B． an	C． a	D． /

Computers are now as commonly used in business as the telephone．Therefore，it's important that people know how （46）　　 them efficiently．Now，you and your whole team are（47）　　to do this on your computer in the simplest way﹣﹣﹣taking our online courses．And then you can learn and practice （48）　　 yourself．

The person（49）　　 appears on the screen acts as your teacher，guiding you through the tasks （50）　　explaining everything．Then more difficult exercises allow you to practice the things you（51）　　learned and test your understanding．

（52）　　courses are excellent value﹣only 69.99 pounds．You（53）　　save yourself money if you buy the complete collection of seven courses．This is now available at the retail（零售）（54）　　of 410 ponds．You can make a（55）　　saving of 10% by ordering the complete collection within the next thirty days．

46．A．to use	B．use	C．using	D．used
47．A．able	B．unable	C．ably	D．disable
48．A．to	B．in	C．by	D．on
49．A．which	B．who	C．what	D．whom
50．A．or	B．but	C．and	D．nor
51．A．had	B．have	C．has	D．having
52．A．These	B．Each	C．Every	D．Either
53．A．must	B．ought	C．need	D．can
54．A．money	B．worth	C．shop	D．price
55．A．far	B．further	C．close	D．closer

    Today， the Internet is used in every field of life． It also plays an important part in education． Let's take a look at it in detail．

    ★ School Projects

    The Internet can be the most（1）　　for completing projects in schools． As the Internet is an ocean of information， covering（2）　　all subjects known to man． Going through the information on the Internet is（3）　　faster than reading a book on the subject． Homework is also made easier（4）　　the help of the Internet． It is also one of the most important uses of computers in education．

    ★ News

    The latest news is often updated（更新）on the Internet on news sites（网站）． Students can learn the news（5）　　the Internet at school， at home， or at any other places．

    ★ Online Learning

    With the Internet， you can（6）　　short﹣term courses online， learn， and give exams． People from any part of the world can get（7）　　on different subjects．

    ★ No Age Bracket（档次）for Education

    Online courses can make people of all age groups get education of their（8）　　， according to their likes and wishes． You are， now， never too old（9）　　something new．

    With these points， we find that the Internet is so important in education．It is（10）　　for parents to make students understand what is good and what is not for them， or keep a watch on their surfing．

（1）A． common	B． dangerous	C． useful
（2）A． nearly	B． hardly	C． already
（3）A． very	B． many	C． much
（4）A． under	B． with	C． on
（5）A． across	B． through	C． without
（6）A． take up	B． put up	C． get up
（7）A． experience	B． knowledge	C． pleasure
（8）A． ages	B． safety	C． choice
（9）A． to learn	B． to make	C． to use
（10）A． silly	B． busy	C． wise

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的三个选项（A、B 和C）中，选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项．

In China，red is known to be a lucky color．But you may be surprised to know that British Culture is（46）　B　of the red，It's true．Go to Britain and you'll see（47）　C　everywhere．

There are red postboxes，red phone boxes and（48）　B　rec double﹣decker（双层） buses

around the country．Red is the color traditionally worn by British（49）　A　in battle，and there is red in the UK's Union Jack national flag．

To go with British culture's love of red，many red animals（50）　A　an important part in

British nature，like the robin（知更岛） with a bright red breast（胸）．（51）　A　Christmas

Day，the bird is commonly found on the greeting cards people send（52）　B　．There are quite

special red squirrels（ 松鼠），too，'

But is red（53）　A　lucky to British people？The results may surprise you．Red is used quite

（54）　B　as a metaphor（比喻）．If some one"sees red"，they are angry．（55）　C　apersonis"red

laced"，they are out of breath or turning red in the face．

Even so，red is still every where in Britain It does seem that the country is in love with The color．

the color．

46．A fond	B，full	C．proud
47．A yellow	B．green	C．red
48．A boring	B．popular	C．surprising
49．A．soldiers	B．officers	C．teachers
50．A play	B．spend	C．take
51．A．At	B．Or	C In
52．A．any other	B． each other	C．another one
53．A．considered	B． given	C required
54．A similarly	B．differently	C．difficultly
55．A．Unless	B．Before	C．When．

In recent years， with more and more cars on the road，flying robots are used to deliver（递送） mails．Flying robots can（1） 　　mails to people's houses without having to deal with heavy（2） 　　．But they will spend too much time in returning． A research center is trying to improve its flying robots with the（3） 　　of homing pigeons（信鸽）．

   Homing pigeons are pigeons that are（4） 　　trained to fly home from somewhere else．In tests，researchers（5） 　　that homing pigeons were（6） 　　efficient（高效的） than flying robots at returning to their home． So the research center is trying to use a flying robot， together with a（7） 　　， to deliver mails． After the robot finishes its tasks， it can（8） 　　the pigeon back in the shortest possible time．

   Although it will cost more money to（9） 　　pigeons， the research center says that it can（10） 　　time． And the time it saves will make up for the cost．

（1）A． invite	B． carry	C． blow	D． kick
（2）A． traffic	B． rain	C． fire	D． pollution
（3）A． help	B． luck	C． treat	D． interest
（4）A． poorly	B． carelessly	C． specially	D． musically
（5）A． promised	B． joked	C． planned	D． found
（6）A． less	B． more	C． little	D． much
（7）A． homing pigeon	B． big house	C． leading person	D． heavy car
（8）A． train	B． knock	C． follow	D． steal
（9）A． dress	B． paint	C． clean	D． raise
（10）A． expect	B． show	C． kill	D． save

Are you shy？ If you are， you are not alone． In fact， nearly 50% of people are shy， and almost 80% feel shy at some point in their lives． Why are people （1） 　　？

   It is found that family size might （2） 　　people to be shy． Children with no brothers and sisters may be shy． Growing up（3） 　　， they often play by themselves． They are not able to develop the same social skills as children from big （4） 　　．

   Another cause of shyness could be （5） 　　． As more and more people use the Internet， they（6） 　　less time outside， talking to people． As a result， they lose practice at conversation．（7） 　　to new people face to face can make them feel nervous．

   For shy people， it can be （8） 　　to make friends， speak in class， and even get a good job．But scientists say you can（9 ） 　　your shyness.They suggest trying（10） 　　things and practicing conversation．

   Anyway， don't be afraid of shyness﹣you are valued for what you are!

（1）A． excited	B． shy	C． happy	D． brave
（2）A． remind	B． teach	C． guide	D． cause
（3）A． quickly	B． happily	C． alone	D． abroad
（4）A． countries	B． cities	C． teams	D． families
（5）A． duty	B． safety	C． technology	D． education
（6）A． design	B． spend	C． collect	D． save
（7）A． Nodding	B． Running	C． Jumping	D． Speaking
（8）A． difficult	B． safe	C． harmful	D． surprising
（9）A． run into	B． look for	C． get over	D． depend on
（10）A． new	B． private	C． awful	D． heavy

Everyone has hobbies．Hobbies（1）　　us a lot of happiness． For most of us， the activities we like to do are common and easy． However， there are（2）　　people who like to take risks．（3）　　are more interested in doing dangerous sports， such as snowboarding， diving（潜水）and rock climbing．

    Many people enjoy（4）　　．You can do it indoors on special walls or outdoors on real mountains．There are many advantages to rock climbing﹣it is fun and it also helps people（5）　_　 their worries，

    The most important tool to have is good shoes．They need to be half a size smaller than your usual（6）　　． The next thing you need is a harness（保护带）． This allows you to move freely，（7）　　 it will hold you up if you fall． It's important to know how to use your tools． If you are a beginner， it's best to have lessons． A climber with experience can help you a lot（8）　　 you are learning to climb．

    Rock climbing is very exciting for people of different ages．Climbers，however，must be careful not（9）　　the environment．Sometimes rock climbers leave rubbish on the mountains which they climb． They should take it（10）　　 them and throw it away．This will let future climbers enjoy a clean environment．

（1）A． take	B． bring	C． provide	D． have
（2）A． other	B． the other	C． another	D．every
（3）A． We	B． You	C． All	D． They
（4）A． snowboarding	B． diving	C． rock climbing	D． swimming
（5）A． remember	B． forget	C． solve	D． keep
（6）A． size	B． shape	C． color	D． kind
（7）A． and	B． but	C． so	D． or
（8）A． before	B． when	C． after	D． until
（9）A． to protect	B． to produce	C． to pollute	D． to save
（10）A． along	B． to	C． for	D． with

    According to several recent surveys，some people fear public speaking more than anything else．（1）　　， this fear can be overcome（克服）with two simple methods：practice and using positive（正面的）energy from the audience．Practicing for a speech is essential．（2）　　the task of writing the speech is complete， speakers must practice， practice， practice．The more times they practice the speech，the more（3）　　they are discussing the topic．Using（4）　　such as mirrors or video recordings as they practice can show speakers what they look and sound like to the audience．Video is particularly helpful as it can be（5）　　many times， with the presenters focusing（集中） on one part at a time．Another（6）　　of dealing with public speaking fears is using the audience's positive energy．Speakers need to remember that the audience wants them to（7）　　．Something as basic as a small nod or a smile from a member of the audience should give（8）　　 to the presenters behind the podium．While it is easy for nervous speakers to focus only on getting through the presentation，using the audience's（9）　　will（意愿）helps much in making a speech better．

    All in all， these two strategies are sure to help with fear of public speaking．With proper practice and audience empathy（共鸣） ，it is（10）　　 to overcome the fear of public speaking and deliver a successful speech．So there is no need to fear public speaking any more．

（1）A．Luckily	B．Suddenly	C．Sadly	D．Terribly
（2）A．Unless	B．After	C．Until	D．Before
（3）A．nervous	B．scared	C．comfortable	D．difficult
（4）A．objects	B．activities	C． signs	D．instructions
（5）A．found	B．sold	C．cleared	D．watched
（6）A．cause	B．problem	C．way	D．purpose
（7）A．surprise	B．scream	C． suppose	D．succeed
（8）A．confidence	B．challenge	C．humour	D．service
（9）A．poor	B．good	C．weak	D．free
（10）A．necessary	B．important	C． interesting	D．possible

For thousands of years， people farmed the land． They grew fruits and vegetables． They hunted and fished for meat． They（1）　　 cloth， dyes（染料） and paper from plants． They used stone and metal for weapons and tools．

    People progressed to making machines powered（2）　　 water and steam（蒸汽）， and even later， by coal， oil， and petrol． Large cities were built． Factories（3）　　 of machines created jobs in the cities for thousands of people． The Industrial Revolution（工业革命） changed the lives of many people because， for the first time， more people lived in cities than on（4）　　．

    Companies built power plants（工厂） to make（5）　　 to run the machines， factories and cities．

    People did not realize these activities were（6）　　 the Earth． They didn't realize bow（7）　　 oil，gas，coal and minerals were being used up．

    （8）　　 cities grew bigger and spread across the land，plants and animals began to disappear． Their nature homes were destroyed（破坏） as people moved into new places．

    As time passed， people began to（9）　　 the need to protect the Earth and its natural resources（资源）． They saw that plants and animals needed protection， so they wouldn't disappear forever． People joined together to tell（10）　　 around the world to conserve（节约） our natural resources and care for the Earth． And so． Earth Day was born． Each year， more and more people take part in Earth Day． What can you do to help？

（1）A． separated	B． washed	C． made	D． mixed
（2）A． as	B． for	C． with	D． by
（3）A． full	B． proud	C． sick	D． short
（4）A． mountains	B． rivers	C． grasslands	D． farms
（5）A． metal	B． water	C． electricity	D． oil
（6）A． helping	B． harming	C． wasting	D． losing
（7）A． clearly	B． hardly	C． quickly	D． slowly
（8）A． Before	B． If	C． As	D． Though
（9）A． forget	B． see	C． remember	D． get
（10）A． them	B． other	C． another	D． others

A gift is necessary when one is invited to visit friends in China． After greetings， the gift should be passed immediately to the host． Remember that usually Chinese people will not open the gift in front of the person who gives （1）　　． To show the respect， it may be （2）　　 to explain what the gift is． Bringing some nutrients and tonics （营养品、补品） to the elders in the family is a good idea． You can（3）　　 prepare some small gifts for the spouse （配偶） or kids of the host． The host usually makes full （4）　　by carefully tidying up the house and （5）　　a lot of delicious dishes． （6）　　the meal is well prepared， the host may say to the guest politely， "My preparation is not enough， please excuse me for my poor treat．" As a guest， you should make the host believe that there is plenty to eat by praising the food．

    While eating， the elders will use chopsticks to （7）　　food for guests as a tradition and ask them to eat （8）　　． As a guest， you should accept their goodwill readily． But nowadays， the younger people do the traditional way less．

    After dinner， tea and fruit are usually served． When the guests are to leave， the host may still politely ask them to stay． They don't have to take it（9）　　and they can try to find a good time to leave． This doesn't mean that leaving early is always a good idea as the host may feel that the guests are not satisfied with the treat． Finding the right time to leave （10）　__　the situation．

（1）A． it	B． them	C． that
（2）A． necessary	B． careful	C． comfortable
（3）A． too	B． also	C． either
（4）A． plans	B． decisions	C． preparations
（5）A． enjoying	B． cooking	C． washing
（6）A． But	B． Although	C． Because
（7）A． cut up	B． eat up	C． pick up
（8）A． more	B． less	C． many
（9）A． completely	B． seriously	C． probably
（10）A． works out	B． sticks to	C． depends on

阅读下面短文，从短文后各小题所给的A、BC三个选项中，选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项．

     Nowadays， many people drive their cars to work．There are a lot of cars in the street and the （1）　　is very busy．So sometimes （2）　　is not easy for people to get to work on time． When you are going to be late， you only dream of taking a plane there．Can your dream（3）　　？

Yes! You can take a plane only in months!

     Four engineers in Germany are（4）　　in making planes． They are making a new plane﹣Lilium jet． It doesn't look like a plane （5）　　an egg． Many people think it looks funny and interesting． The great"egg"can take two people to the sky and （6）　　three hundred kilometres in one hour． That's really great．

     Some people call Lilium jet"a flying car"． Why？ Firstly， it's not difficult for people to learn to drive it． People can drive it just like driving a car． But it can go （7）　　and farther than a car． Secondly， Lilium jet is not very big， only a quarter of a plane． So it doesn't need an airport． Only a small place is OK． It can stop（8）　　． In the future， the"flying car"will come into people's life and （9）　　our ways of trip．

     Lilium jet will come on the market soon． （10）　　you want to make your trip easy and funny， why not buy one？ I'm sure you will have a good time on it．

（1）A． traffic	B． sky	C．train
（2）A． this	B． that	C． it
（3）A． come on	B． come back	C． come true
（4）A．bored	B．interested	C． disappointed
（5）A． but	B． and	C．so
（6）A． walk	B．swim	C．fly
（7）A． slower	B．faster	C．earlier
（8）A．where	B．nowhere	C．everywhere
（9）A． change	B． find	C．lose
（10）A．Unless	B． If	C．Whether