I think that the most basic and powerful way to connect to another person is to listen. Just listen. Perhaps the most important thing we ever give each other is our attention and especially if its given from the heart. When people are talking, there’s no need to do anything but receive them. Just take them in. Listen to what they’re saying. Care about it. Most times caring about it is even more important than understanding it.
When we interrupt what someone is saying to let them know that we understand, we move the focus of attention to ourselves. When we listen, they know we care.
I have even learned to respond to someone crying by just listening. In the old days I used to reach for the tissues(纸巾), until I realized that passing a person a tissue may be just another way to shut them down, to take them out of their experience of sadness and pain. Now I just listen. When they have cried all they need to cry, they find me there with them.
This simple thing has not been that easy to learn. It certainly went against everything I had been taught since I was very young at school. I thought people listened only because they were too timid to speak or did not know the answer. A loving silence often has far more power to connect and to heal than the most well-intentioned(善意的)words.When we communicate with others we had better ________________.
| A．listen more | B．understand more |
| C．speak more | D．look here and there |
If we interrupt what someone is saying,________________.
| A．they may think we are too rude to them |
| B．they must be very angry with us |
| C．they may know we dont care about them |
| D．they must stop and listen to us |
Passing a person who is crying a tissue perhaps means_______________
| A．stopping them from crying any more |
| B．Stopping them from saying anything |
| C．advising them to have a rest |
| D．helping them to accept the sadness |
It is very difficult for us to learn to listen because _______________
| A．we may know the answer |
| B．we have an interesting topic |
| C．parents teach us to speak |
| D．it goes against what we have been taught |
What is probably the best title for this article?
| A．Listening and talking |
| B．Listen, just listen |
| C．Listening is not easy to learn |
| D．How to comfort others |
The meaning of the word "volunteer” may be a little different in different countries, but it usually means "one who offers his or her services.” There are many different ways in which people can volunteer, such as taking care of sick people, working in homes for homeless children, and picking up garbage from beaches and parks. Volunteers may work within their own countries or in other countries. They are often people with a strong wish to help those who are less fortunate than themselves. Volunteers don’t expect any kind of pay.
At the root of volunteering is the idea that one person may have the ability to offer services that can help other people. Tracy, a good friend of mine, however, recently came back from India with a new idea of what being a volunteer means. She worked for two and a half weeks in one of Mother Teresa’s homes in Calcutta（加尔各答）. The following is her story.
"I first heard about Mother Teresa in my high school, we watched a video about her work in India and all over the world. I was so moved by her spirit to help others and her endless love for every human being that after I graduated from high school, I also wanted to try her kind of work. So with two friends I flew to Calcutta for a few weeks."
"I was asked to work in a home for sick people. I helped wash clothes and sheets, and pass out lunch. I also fed the people who were too weak to feed themselves and tried to cheer them up. I felt it was better to share with them than to think that I have helped them. To be honest, I don’t think I was helping very much. It was then that I realized that I had not really come to help, but to learn about and experience another culture that helped improve my own understanding of life and the world."According to the text, a volunteer refers to a person who ______.
| A．is willing to help those in need without pay |
| B．can afford to travel to different places |
| C．has a strong wish to be successful |
| D．has made a lot of money in life |
Tracy started her work as a volunteer ______.
| A．after she met Mother Teresa |
| B．after she finished high school |
| C．when she was touring Calcutta |
| D．when she was working in a hospital |
Why did Tracy choose to be a volunteer?
| A．She liked to work with Mother Teresa. |
| B．She had already had some experience. |
| C．She was asked by Mother Teresa. |
| D．She wanted to follow Mother Teresas example. |
What is Tracysnew idea (Paragraph 2) of being a volunteer?
| A．Going abroad to help the sick. |
| B．Working in Mother Teresa’s home. |
| C．Doing simple things to help the poor. |
| D．Improving oneself through helping others. |
What is the best title for the passage?
| A．How to Be a Volunteer. |
| B．The Life of Volunteer in India. |
| C．A Different Meaning of Volunteer. |
| D．Inspiration from Mother Teresa |
Years ago, I lived in a building in a large city. The next building was only a few feet away from mine. There was a woman living there, and I had never met her, yet I could see she sat by her window each afternoon, sewing or reading.
After several months had gone by, I began to notice that her window was dirty. Everything was unclear through the dirty window. I would say to myself. “I wonder why that woman doesn’t wash her window. It really looks terrible.”
One bright morning I decided to clean my flat, including washing the window on the inside.
Late in the afternoon when I finished the cleaning, I sat down by the window with a cup of coffee for a rest. What a surprise! Across the way, the woman sitting by her window was clearly visible (看见). Her window was clean!
Then it dawned on me. I had been criticizing (批评) her dirty window, but all the time I was watching hers through my own dirty window.
That was quite an important lesson for me. How often had I looked at and criticized others through the dirty window of my heart, through my own shortcomings?
Since then, whenever I wanted to judge (评判) someone, I asked myself first, “Am I looking at him through my own dirty window?” I try to clean the window of my own world so that I may see the world about me more clearly.The writer couldn’t see everything clearly through the window because _______.
| A．the woman’s window was dirty |
| B．the writer’s window was dirty |
| C．the woman lived nearby |
| D．the writer was near-sighted |
“It dawned on me” probably means “_______”.
| A．I began to understand it | B．it cheered me up |
| C．I knew it grew light | D．it began to get dark |
It’s clear that ________.
| A．the writer had never met the woman before |
| B．the writer often washed the window |
| C．they both worked as cleaners |
| D．they lived in a small town |
From the passage, we can learn _______.
| A．one shouldn’t criticize others very often |
| B．one should often make his windows clean |
| C．one must judge himself before he judges others |
| D．one must look at others through his dirty windows[ |
As any homemaker who has tried to keep order at the dinner table knows, there is far more to a family meal than food. Sociologist Michael Lewis has been studying 50 families to find out just how much more.
Lewis and his co-workers carried out their study by videotaping(录像)the families while they ate ordinary meals in their own homes. They found that parents with small families talk actively with each other and their children. But as the number of children gets larger, conversation gives way to the parents’ efforts to control the loud noise they make. That can have an important effect on the children. “In general the more question-asking the parents do, the higher the children’s IQ scores,” Lewis says. “And the more children there are, the less question-asking there is.”
The study also provides an explanation for why middle children often seem to have a harder time in life than their siblings(兄弟姐妹). Lewis found that in families with three or four children, dinner conversation is likely to center on the oldest child, who has the most to talk about, and the youngest, who needs the most attention. “Middle children are invisible,” says Lewis. “When you see someone get up from the table and walk around during dinner, chances are it’s the middle child.” There is, however, one thing that stops all conversation and prevents anyone from having attention: “When the TV is on,” Lewis says, “dinner is a non-event.”The writer’s purpose in writing the text is to ______.
| A．show the relationship between parents and children |
| B．report on the findings of a study |
| C．teach parents ways to keep order at the dinner table |
| D．give information about family problems |
Parents with large families ask fewer questions at dinner because ______.
| A．they are busy serving food to their children |
| B．they have to pay more attention to younger children |
| C．they are busy keeping order at the dinner table |
| D．they are tired out having prepared food for the whole family |
Lewis’ research provides an answer to the question ______.
| A．why middle children seem to have more difficulties in life |
| B．why TV is important in family life |
| C．why parents should keep good order |
| D．why children in small families seem to be quieter |
Which of the following statements would the writer agree to?
| A．It is important to have the right food for children. |
| B．It is a good idea to have the TV on during dinner. |
| C．Elder children should help the younger ones at dinner |
| D．Parents should talk to each of their children frequently. |
SELF-REFLECTION OF TEACHING PRACTICES READING, WRITING,TALKING
| School: |
Date: |
| Grade(s) presently teaching: |
Please do not sign your name. Mark the responses that most nearly reflect your teaching practices. This is one way to reflect your practices and how much you got out of it.
Keep one copy and give one to your tutor(s0.
HOW OFTEN:
0=never 1=rarely 2="sometimes" (1-2x/ week)
3=moderately(3x/week) 4=often(4x/week) 5=daily
| DEVELOPMENT APPROPRIATENESS:I provide opportunities for students to use literacy for their own purposes using previous knowledge, developmentally appropriate strategies and world experiences |
0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
| EVIRONMENT: I use flexible grouping, e.g. pairs, small groups of different levels, small needs-based groups, and working alone. |
0 |
1 |
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4 |
5 |
| KNOWLEDGE CONSTRUCTION: I provide opportunities for students to interpret literary and informational texts before, during and after reading or listening by talking, writing, enacting, drawing, etc. |
0 |
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5 |
| ASSESSMENT OF LEARNING: I assess students’ use of literacy strategies using this information to measure student progress and refocus my own teaching. |
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| DEMONSTRATION OF STRATEGIES: I read aloud to students and write in front of them, using literary and informational texts. |
0 |
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| READING STRATEGIES: I instruct students to read strategically, e.g. to reflect, predict, decode, question, connect, retell, summarize, map, etc. |
0 |
1 |
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5 |
| WRITING STRATEGIES: I provide opportunities for students to work through the writing processes alone and with others, e.g. thinking about purposes and audiences, prewriting, drafting, revising, editing and publishing. |
0 |
1 |
2 |
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5 |
| SELF-SELECTION: I provide time for the self-selection of books for independent reading in the classroom, and for book sharing. |
0 |
1 |
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5 |
| DEVELOPING MEANING: I provide clear targets to students to develop higher levels of learning, e.g. What does it mean? Why do I need to know it? How will I use it? |
0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
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5 |
| EXTENTION OF LEARNING: I provide opportunities and activities for students to learn more about topics of their choice through problem-based learning assignments, etc. |
0 |
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5 |
| BUILDING SUCCESS: I structure lessons/activities that provide opportunities for all students to experience success. |
0 |
1 |
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5 |
According to the passage, who most probably mark the responses in the form?
| A．Professional tutors. | B．Language teachers. |
| C．Personal physician. | D．Psychological therapist. |
According to the passage, which frequency degree would you choose if you carry out the practice in the form not at all often?
| A．0 | B．1 | C．2 | D．3 |
Mr. Kent bears EXTENTION OF LEARNING idea in mind, he quite often tends to _______.
| A．always set groups to encourage students to work out something by putting heads together |
| B．prepare grade-level materials for teaching |
| C．develop students reading skills during pre- while-and- post-reading stage |
| D．provide students with extra learning materials to further their study |
Mrs. Grace likes to share her version of tasks outcome in class, which could be labeled _____.
| A．ASSESSMENT OF LEARNING | B．KNOWLEDGE CONSTRUCTION |
| C．DEVELOPMENT OF STRATEGIES | D．SELF-SELECTION |
My father passed away in a nursing home on a September day. I never remembered him telling me he loved me. Upon hearing his death, I didn’t feel the need to cry. I struggled with my lack of strong feelings over his passing, knowing it was not healthy for me to avoid sadness.
On Christmas Day of the year, I was reflecting on as many good memories of my father as I could. I decided to work out my feelings, so I sat down and wrote my father a letter.
Dear Daddy,
I remember something today. I remember when I was 3 years old, mom carried me right before bedtime and you sang “Now I Lay Me Down To Sleep” to me, and I remember your voice like it was just yesterday. I remember the warmth of you lying next to me and how special I felt at that moment. Then my mom carried me off to my own bed to tuck me in.
I remember times when I could sit out on the porch with you and watch an approaching thunderstorm, and you would tell me the scientific facts behind lightning and thunder. I thought you knew everything.
I remember you taking my two brothers and me on trips to a stream out in the country on summer days. We would walk along the stream, picking wildflowers to take home to mother.
I want to thank you for giving me an appreciation of nature and science and of God’s beautiful creation, Earth. I want to thank you for making us take part in “family worship” every evening after dinner. I remember that Bible stories and the Golden Rule on how to treat others, and I learnt how to appreciate music in my life from the hymns we sang. I also learnt to harmonize with my sisters.
And most of all, I want to forgive you. I forgive you for not being able to tell me that I was a special girl and that you loved me. I longed for your spoken affection. But I realize something in your own upbringing would not allow you to express your feelings verbally（口头地）. I realize that you did the best that you could with what you knew.
I signed the letter and put it into my wooden box to join many other cards and letters from my family and loved ones that I cherished. But somehow, it had not brought any relief I desired.
On New Year’s Eve, I remember the letter to my father. I took it outside to the yard. Then I built a fire and dropped it into the flame and watched it burn.
As I thanked my father for giving me life, the tears came. I released all the grief and whispered, “you were my father… and I love you.”Why did the writer struggle with the feelings upon hearing her father’s death?
| A．Because she couldn’t accept her father’s death. |
| B．Because she wanted to hold back her sadness. |
| C．Because she knew she should have felt sad. |
| D．Because she had a mixed feeling of love and hatred. |
The writer spent much happy time doing memorable things with father EXCEPT that ___.
| A．father sang songs for her before bedtime |
| B．father taught her nature, science, and history |
| C．father took her on trips in nature |
| D．father read Bible stories for her |
It can be inferred from the text that ______.
| A．the writer burned the letter directly after finishing writing it |
| B．father’s growth influenced his way of expressing himself |
| C．the writer never expected father to express his true feelings |
| D．the writer didn’t forgive her father completely after his death |
Which can be chosen as the best title for the story?
| A．Daddy, I miss you. |
| B．A regretful letter to father |
| C．Happy time with daddy |
| D．The flames of forgiveness |
Men have long been puzzled by the amount women pack, when they go on holiday. They despair when they watch their beloved spend much money on extra baggage charge. Nearly half of these women admitted to lying about the weight of their case to their partner before leaving for the airport, in fear of being made to unload some unnecessary items.
But it’s a fact that women pack more than they need. On average, a woman needs around 57 items in suitcase for a two-week holiday, yet most women pack nearer to 150 items, ranging from skirts, tops, underwear and high heels. In addition, women pack more sun cream, make-up and hair appliances than they were likely to need. They all take up space in the suitcase, only a third of them will see the light of day once at the holiday place.
79 percent of women admitted to taking extra items with them, with the reason for this being “just in case”. Women plan their holiday wardrobe(衣橱) months in advance. Packing enough clothes and other items to last a month is not enough for some women. They’d take a chance to shop for new items while holidaying abroad. So they’ll return with even more luggage in their cases.
Professor Karen Pine said: “Women are tempted to take familiar items with them on holiday, often everything except the kitchen sink. Some people find traveling stressful, particularly when they’re unsure about the home comforts available at their holiday place. They over-pack to help cope with those feelings of stress and reduce the uncertainty.”
This will come as no surprise to some men, who are used to trying to squeeze their partner’s luggage into the boot of the car with their own, smaller case. On the other hand, men pack very lightly, with only an average of 40 items for a two-week holiday.Women pack too much on holiday because_________.
| A．they want to show off their items |
| B．they prefer a more comfortable holiday |
| C．they are afraid they’ll need them during the holiday |
| D．they would like to clean their clothes wardrobe very much |
How does a man feel about his wife packing too much?
| A．Opposed | B．Supportive |
| C．Positive | D．Surprised |
What do Dr Pine’s words imply?
| A．Going on holiday will cost a lot. |
| B．Women don’t prefer to go on a holiday. |
| C．It’s understandable that women over-pack in a sense. |
| D．People tend to feel tired and stressed on holiday. |
Which of the following is true according to the passage?
| A．All the items women take during their holiday are not of great use to them. |
| B．Women often tell their partners what they are going to take in advance. |
| C．Women will still buy new items when going abroad beacause what they take is not enough. |
| D．Men are indifferent towards their wife’s strange behaviours. |
A student is learning to speak British English.He wonders：Can I communicate with Americans？Can they understand me？Learners of English often ask：What are the differences between British and American English？How important are these differences?
Certainly，there are some differences between British and American English.There are a few differences in grammar.For example，speakers of British English say“in hospital”and“Have you a pen？”；Americans say “in the hospital”and“Do you have a pen？”．Pronunciation is sometimes different.Americans usually sound “r”s in words like“bird”and“hurt”．Speakers of British English do not sound “r” in these words.There are differences between British and American English in spelling and vocabulary.For example，“colour”and“honour”are British；“color”and“honor”are American.
These differences in grammar，pronunciation，spelling and vocabulary are not important，however.For the most part，British and American English are the same language.According to this passage，a student who is learning to speak American English might be afraid that ______.
| A．British people cannot understand him |
| B．American people cannot understand him |
| C．the grammar is too hard for him |
| D．the spelling is too hard for him |
American English and British English are different in ________.
| A．spelling | B．pronunciation |
| C．grammar | D．all of the above |
What is NOT mentioned in the passage?
| A．Whether there are differences between British English and American English. |
| B．Whether British English and American English are one language or two. |
| C．How the differences between British English and American English came about. |
| D．How important the differences are. |
A qualified doctor who rarely practiced but instead devoted his life to writing. He once said: “Medicine is my lawful wife, and literature is my lover.” Russian writer Anton Pavlovich Chekhov, was a great playwright and one of the masters of the modern short story.
When Chekhov entered the Moscow University Medical School in 1879, he started to publish hundreds of comic short stories to support his family. After he graduated, he wrote regularly for a local daily newspaper.
As a writer he was extremely fast, often producing a short story in an hour or less. Chekhov’s medical and science experience can be seen through the indifference (冷漠) many of his characters show to tragic events. In 1892, he became a full time writer and published some of his most memorable stories.
Chekhov often wrote about the sufferings of life in small town Russia. Tragic events control his characters who are filled with feelings of hopelessness and despair.
It is often said that nothing happens in Chekhov’s stories and plays. He made up for this with his exciting technique for developing drama within his characters. Chekhov’s work combined the calm attitude of a scientist and doctor with the sensitivity(敏感) of an artist.
Some of Chekhov's works were translated into Chinese as early as the 1940s. One of his famous stories, The Man in a Shell, about a school teacher’s extraordinarily orderly life, was selected as a text for Chinese senior students.Which of the following is the right order of the events?
a. became a doctor
b. became a full time writer
c. started to publish comic short stories
d. wrote regularly for a local daily newspaper.
e. entered the Moscow University Medical School
| A．e→c→b→a→d | B．e→c→a→d→b |
| C．d→a→b→c→e | D．a→e→d→c→b |
Anton Pavlovich Chekhov ________.
| A．was a competent doctor | B．had a lawful lover |
| C．used to be a lawyer | D．as an illegal writer |
In 1880, Chekhov ________.
| A．became a full-time writer |
| B．published his most memorable stories |
| C．studied medicine in Moscow University |
| D．practiced medicine in his hometown |
Which of the following adjectives can’t be used to describe Chekhov?
| A．Sensitive. | B．Cool. |
| C．Quick-minded. | D．Warm-hearted. |
The young boy was sitting on the ground in the refugee(难民)camp playing with an empty tin．Other children were standing around watching him with envious eyes．
Envy? Of an empty tin?
This tin was indeed no worthless piece of trash—it was a splendid truck，complete with wheels and grille(铁栅) and floor．The vehicle even had remote control，a frayed piece of string from the“engine”to the hand of the owner．
The tin had lost all its original markings．But its first load had probably been sardines(沙丁鱼)．Later the tin had been left with other rubbish behind the refugee camp clinic，and the boy had found it on one of his daily expeditions into the“big world”．
For thousands of refugee children，a tin 1ike this rates high on their list of wants．It can be used for many purposes，as jewellery，as a toy，for drinking or as a medicine box．
Many refugee children would consider it the happiest day of their lives if they received a handful of marbles(弹珠) as a present．
They dream of gifts which children in developed countries take for granted．Maybe a book to read．or a pencil and an exercise book of their very own．
Their imagination can create toys，but it cannot create books．Someone else must provide them．A more costly and valuable gift they cannot imagine．How do you think the youn eel when he gets something to read?
| A．depressed | B．frustrated |
| C．excited | D．frightened |
Other children envied the young boy because the boy ．
| A．had something to play with | B．got some sardines to eat |
| C．received a handful of marbles | D．had a real truck toy |
What is implied in the last paragraph of the text?
| A．The society should donate(捐)some toys for the refugee children |
| B．The refugee children are more imaginative rather than creative |
| C．The refugee children are more creative rather than imaginative |
| D．The society should offer the refugee children things for study |
Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
| A．An Enviable Toy Present | B． Sardine Tin—A Precious Toy |
| C．A Splendid Truck Toy | D．A Poor Refugee Cam |
Charlie Boswell has always been a great hero. He has inspired thousands of people to rise above circumstances and live out true meaning of life.
He was blinded during World War II while rescuing his friend from a tank that was under fire. He was a great athlete before the accident. In order to prove his talent and determination, he decided to try a brand new sport, a sport he never imagined playing, even with his eyesight – golf! Through determination and a deep love for the game he became the National Blind Golf Champion! He won that honor 13 times.
One of his heroes was the great golfer Ben Hogan, so it truly was an honor for Charlie to win the Ben Hogan Award in 1958.
Upon meeting Ben Hogan, Charlie was respectful and stated that he had one wish and it was to have one round of golf with the great Ben Hogan. Mr. Hogan agreed that playing a round together would be an honor for him as well, as he had heard about all of Charlie’s accomplishments and truly admired his skills.
“Would you like to play for money, Mr. Hogan?” asked out Charlie.
“I can’t play you for money, it wouldn’t be fair!” said Mr. Hogan.
“Aw, come on Mr. Hogan…$ 1,000 per hole!”
“I can’t, what would people think of me, taking advantage of you and your circumstance?” replied the sighted golfer.
“Chicken, Mr. Hogan?”
“Okay,” replied the embarrassed Hogan, “but I am going to play my best!”
“I wouldn’t expect anything else,” said the confident Boswell.
“Now that you’re on. Mr. Boswell, you name the time and the place!”
The very self – assured Boswell responded, “10 o’clock … tonight!”Why didn’t Mr. Hogan want to play Charlie for money?
| A．He was worried he would lose the match. |
| B．He thought it was unfair for Charlie. |
| C．He didn’t care about money. |
| D．He preferred chicken to money. |
According to the text, what does the underlined word “self - assured” probably mean?
| A．ignorant | B．selfless | C．confident | D．sincere |
It can be inferred from the text that_____.
| A．Mr. Hogan was not good at playing golf. |
| B．Charlie did well in other sports before playing golf. |
| C．Mr. Hogan didn’t try his best to play. |
| D．Charlie Boswell was born blind. |
What would be the result of the match?
| A．Charlie won. | B．Hogan won. |
| C．Neither of them won. | D．Not mentioned. |
Which of the following can best describe Charlie?
| A．Competitive and generous. |
| B．Energetic and reliable. |
| C．Careful and considerate. |
| D．Confident and smart. |
Texting pedestrians aren' t just an annoyance to their fellow walkers, but something dangerous to themselves.
"I was checking emails while walking to work this morning," said Wolbert van den Hoorn. "But it has a serious influence on the safety of people who type or read text while walking. "
Anecdotes back him up. A tourist from Taiwan walked off a port near Melbourne last month while checking Facebook-bringing an abrupt, and icy end to a penguin-watching visit. Another shopper in the U.S. was too addicted to his mobile phone to notice the fountain ahead, walking straight into it.
And as mobile-phone use has grown-to about 77% of the world's population, the study says-so has the number of phone-related accidents. The number of U. S. emergency-room visits linked to phone use on the move doubled to as many as l,500 between 2005 and 2010, an Ohio State University study recently showed.
Authorities world-wide have taken note. Signs on Hong Kong's subway system advise passengers in three languages to keep their eyes off their phones. Police and transport authorities have also warned the danger in Singapore, where the Straits Times newspaper ranked it as "No.2 Bad Habit", due to the rising number of road deaths.
Some U.S. states, including New York and Arkansas, are even considering bans on this act.
The Australian study used 26 volunteers, a third of whom admitted having hit objects while texting. They were fitted with different equipment in different parts of their body, and asked to walk 8.5 meters three times-once without a phone, once while reading a text and once while writing a text-while eight cameras captured the action.
Volunteers using the phone walked slower and with shorter steps (and slowest of all when typing), and, more seriously, they locked their arms and elbows in-like "robots", in the researchers' words. That forced their heads to move more, throwing them off balance.
"In a pedestrian environment, inability to maintain a straight path would be likely to increase potential for hits, falls and traffic accidents," said Mr. van den Hoorn. "The best thing to do is to step aside and stop, or keep off the phone."Which of the following about "Texting pedestrians" is WRONG?
| A．People who type while walking. |
| B．People who phone while walking. |
| C．People who text while walking. |
| D．People who read text message while walking. |
The writer uses the two examples in Paragraph 3 to show
| A．the advantages of mobile phones |
| B．the use of mobile phones in water |
| C．the use of mobile phones in a wrong way |
| D．the popularity of mobile phones |
What is New York and Arkansas' attitude to texting pedestrians?
| A．Considering forbidding their acts. |
| B．Ranking it as "No.l Bad Habit". |
| C．Setting up signs to warn them. |
| D．Equipping them with advanced machines. |
Why are texting pedestrians likely to hit or fall according to the passage?
| A．They walk too fast. |
| B．They lock their arms and elbows. |
| C．They are out of balance. |
| D．They walk with longer steps. |
What is the best title for the passage?
| A．Text message or e-mail only? |
| B．Ways to avoid falls |
| C．Mobile phones for entertainment |
| D．Safety or text message? |
It doesn’t look like the heart of a green revolution. The huge chimneys stick up above the line of pine trees and don’t make for the most scenic view as you wander around the clear blue waters of the nearby lake.
But it is this power plant that has helped the small Swedish city of Vaxjo become arguably the greenest place in Europe. On closer observation, the only thing emerging from the chimneys is the faintest mists of steam. And inside it smells more like a sauna(桑拿) than a furnace(炉子). That’s because it is not oil fuelling the plant, but woodchip and other wood waste from the area’s sawmills. And as well as generating electricity, it also supplies 90 per cent of this southern Swedish town with heating and hot water.
The gases produced as the wood burns are changed into liquid form, and are purified before they reach the chimney. And instead of wasting this liquid, the power plant pumps it around town. Some runs out of the town’s public taps; the rest is directed through pipes that run through individual heaters, warming homes and offices.
The pile of wood chippings in the yard towers above head height and takes almost five minutes to walk around. That’s enough to keep Vaxjo warm on the snowiest day in winter, or supply it with hot water for a fortnight in summer, and it’s good way of using the paper industry’s waste. As well as the centuries-- old Swedish policy of planting a new tree for every one felled, the ashes swept out of the furnace each day find their way back to the forest as fertilizer(肥料).
It was this green plant that netted Vaxjo the European Union’s award for sustainable(可持续的)development, making it the greenest city on the continent.
However, it is not just the citizen’s consciences and moral histories to which the town’s current day authorities are appealing. They know how to talk to their wallets too. Oil-generated electricity costs about 16,000 kronor a year(￡1,170) per person, while the new power plant’s electricity comes in at two thirds of the price.
They’ve been planning for over ten years to become a “Fossil Fuel Free City”. But according to Anders Franzen, the head of planning and development department at the city council: “The battle in the energy sector has been won, yes, but the next battleground is transport.”What’s the main reason for “inside it smells more like a sauna than a furnace”?
| A．It is surrounded by pine trees. |
| B．It produces lots of hot water. |
| C．It is fuelled by woodchip and wood waste . |
| D．It sends out the smoke from the chimneys. |
It can be concluded from the passage that the power plant .
| A．promotes tree planting |
| B．makes full use of waste |
| C．relies heavily on paper industry |
| D．mainly supplies hot water and heating |
What impresses the town’s current-- day authorities most?
| A．The citizens’ consciences. |
| B．The town’s moral histories. |
| C．The lower cost of electricity |
| D．The award for sustainable development |
What Anders Franzen said in the last paragraph indicates that .
| A．they will continue their effort in green plan |
| B．they have great difficulty in transport |
| C．they have no room for further development |
| D．they are perfectly content with the achievement |
I no longer run for the mail the way I used to. I remember, prior to the e-mail age, the sense of heightened expectation as the hour of mail delivery approached, wondering what slender(微薄的), handwritten treasures would appear in my box. I once received a letter from a long-lost friend and swelled with such joy that I ran the mail carrier down and shook his hand, as if he had done a heroic deed in conveying the missive to me.
I first learned to love the mail as a young boy. The first thing I ever received that was personally addressed to me was from my friend Duane. We had been the closest of 9-year-old boys. Then he moved away, to Massachusetts. The parting was difficult, but boys didn’t cry.
Within the week, however, there was a letter in my mailbox. It was from Duane, and it read, “I’m OK, but I miss you.” That first conveyance to me of a written word from a great distance had all the significance of the first Morse code message: “What hath God wrought.” It was at that moment that I became a letter writer, quickly discovering that the more letters I wrote, the more I received.
I wrote letters through elementary school, high school, college, and beyond. It got to the point where I could comfortably expect to receive a letter a day. The daily mail delivery was for me, like a beacon at sea – something toward which my thoughts began to move upon waking. What quickened my blood, of course, was the element of surprise: From whom would the letter be today? And what would the news be?
And then, seemingly in the blink of an eye, the earth shifted. E-mail had arrived. Despite being fascinated by the new technology, I promised myself that I would never stop writing letters by hand. However, I had no control over the habits of others, and slowly, inexorably(不可阻拦地), and then with quickened pace, the letters disappeared from my mailbox, having been replaced with electronic “messages” , a totally different beast —in contrast to letters, all e-mails look alike.The author used to run for the mail mainly because .
| A．he took great interest in mail delivery |
| B．he was looking forward to receiving letters |
| C．he tried to keep mail delivery from approaching |
| D．he wanted to thank the mailman for his heroic deed |
What made the author become a letter writer?
| A．A letter from a long –lost friend. |
| B．The desire to receive more letters. |
| C．The joy of reading the first letter from Duane. |
| D．The influence of the first Morse code message. |
By writing the underlined sentence in Para. 4, the author tells us that the daily mail delivery .
| A．meant a lot to him |
| B．wasted much of his time |
| C．quickened his thoughts |
| D．divided his attention |
What’s the author’s opinion about e-mails?
| A．They completely changed the world. |
| B．They brought about new technology. |
| C．They affected human relationship. |
| D．They lost the unique features of letters. |
An estimated eight million people in Britain enjoy walking in the Peak District every year. But what many who enjoy outdoor hobbies don’t know is that their “right to walk” was won by men who sacrificed their own freedom to gain access to the countryside for all.
In 1932 wealthy landowners had private use of large areas of uplands for hunting. Walkers were kept out by guards, until a group of 400 people from Manchester and Yorkshire, led by Benny Rothman, engaged on a mass trespass（侵入）. The campaigner was put into prison with four other men.
The event is supported by many with starting a movement that paved the way for the establishment of national parks. Mr Rothman died in 2002 but he is now being honoured for his contribution with the revealing of a blue plaque(匾额) on his former home in Crofton Avenue, Timperley, Greater Manchester.
Retired professor, Harry, who followed in his father’s footsteps by specialising in environmental issues, says: “He was a very optimistic man and he made the best of it when he went to prison. It did’'t put him off campaigning, he went on campaigning on environmental issues most of his life." Mr Rothman did live to see the Countryside Rights of Way Act passed by Parliament in 2000, ensuring the freedom of the countryside for future generations.
Roly Smith, a friend of Mr Rothman and an author of walking guidebooks, said: “It is because of them that we have got what we have today.”
Councillor Jonathan Coupe, of Trafford Council, said: “The honour of having a blue plaque attributed(归因于) to you means you have really made an impression on society.”
“Mr Rothman contributed to the changing of history and it is because of him that we are able to enjoy the local countryside as often and freely as we can today.”What do we know about people in Britain according to Para. 1?
| A．They value freedom. |
| B．They have wide interests. |
| C．They are fond of hiking. |
| D．They tend to live in the countryside. |
A blue plaque was revealed on Mr. Rothman’s former home .
| A．to support his campaign |
| B．to honor his contribution |
| C．to remind people of the past |
| D．to celebrate the establishment of national parks |
Besides “optimistic”, which of the following best describes Mr. Rothman?
| A．Cautious | B．Determined |
| C．Considerate | D．Ambitious |
From the last three paragraphs we learn that Mr. Rothman .
| A．has served as a councilor |
| B．has made achievements in different fields |
| C．has been highly thought of for his contributions |
| D．has devoted his life to environment protection |
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