D
Experts estimate that one out of every five fish sold was caught illegally. It threatens(威胁) food security and hurts the environment. Officials are using new observational technology to fight illegal fishing.
“Thank you for taking the time to join us here in Harwell (UK) in the Operations Center to what we call ‘Project Eyes on the Seas.’” says Tony Long, who leads the Ending Illegal Fishing program for Pew Charitable Trusts. The group created Project Eyes on the Seas. Large three-dimensional images of a globe can be seen on a video.
“It looks different from what you might expect because this globe only shows you the boats that are coming into this system from a live automated information system or AIS.”
The screen shows 120,000 fishing boats have AIS. They are required to have the technology. But those who are fishing illegally often turn it off. The technology does not tell observers when that happens. Project Eyes on the Seas combines satellite information with secret government records on every ship’s past activities.
Mr. Long says that permits researchers to understand exactly where the fishing boats are operating. The Pew team gives the information it gathers to port officials to help them decide if they should take action against a ship. Tony Long says he would like to be able to provide port officials all over the world with clear lists. They would inform the officials about ships to inspect, ships to bar from entrance, and ships to permit entrance for trade activities.
The Pacific island nation of Palau was an early user of the technology. Palau has one of the richest fishing areas in the world. Last year, it announced a plan to ban commercial fishing in a 630,000 square kilometer area. K.B. Sakuma is a special adviser to the president of Palau. He says Palau is trying to deal with a recent increase in illegal, unsupervised（无人监管的）and unreported fishing.
“And it’s come to a head in the last year or two. From our southern island in the evening you can see on the horizon just dotted lights of these illegal fishermen that come into our waters, fill their ships with our fish, our resources, our food security...”According to the estimation, what is the percentage of illegal fishing?
| A．1% | B．5% | C．23.5% | D．20% |
The information is collected by the Pew team so as to ________.
| A．leave written records for the country only |
| B．help fishermen to catch more fish on the Seas |
| C．prevent all of the fishing practices on the Seas |
| D．assist port officials in deciding whether to ban a ship from fishing |
What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 5 refer to?
| A．The clear lists. |
| B．The investigators. |
| C．The fishing boats. |
| D．The Project Eyes. |
Which of the following statements is closest in the meaning to the underlined sentence in the last paragraph?
| A．The issue is urgent. |
| B．The problem begins to appear. |
| C．The number of fishermen is increasing. |
| D．The head of the fishermen is coming. |
Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
| A．When the fishermen turn off the AIS, the inspector will know the situation. |
| B．The special adviser to the president of Palau leads the Ending Illegal Fishing program. |
| C．The new technology contributes to solving the problem of illegal fishing. |
| D．Commercial fishing is permitted in Palau. |
Many people turn to doctors or self-help books, but they forget a great thing that could help them fight illness: their friends.
Researchers are only now starting to pay attention to the importance of friendship in health. A 10-year Australian study found that older people with a large circle of friends were 22 percent less likely to die during the study period than those with fewer friends. A large 2007 study showed an increase of nearly 60 percent in the danger for obesity among people whose friends gained weight. And last year, Harvard researchers reported that strong social ties(关系) could improve brain health as we age.
“In general, the role of friendship in our lives isn’t well realized,” said Rebecca, a professor at the University of North Carolina. “Friendship has a bigger effect on our psychological (心理的) health than family relationships.”
While many friendship studies are about the close relationships of women, some research shows that it can do good to men too. In a six-year study of 736 middle-aged men, having friendships reduces the risk of heart attack. Only smoking was as important a danger factor (因素) as having little social support.
The exact reason why friendship has such a big effect isn’t clear. While friends can send a sick person to the hospital or pick up medicine, the advantages go well beyond physical help. Friendship clearly has a big psychological effect. “People with stronger friendships feel like there is someone they can turn to,” said Karen, a doctor. “The message of these studies is that friends make your life better.”The three studies in paragraph 2 show that .
| A．old people need friends the most |
| B．friends can help us lose weight |
| C．social ties have something to do with health |
| D．having more friends makes us healthier |
What do Rebecca’s words in paragraph3 mean?
| A．Friendship is more important to women than to men. |
| B．What people need most is a friend’s care. |
| C．Friendship is more important than family relationship |
| D．The value of friendship hasn’t been fully understood. |
The author mentioned smoking in the text to discuss .
| A．the cause of heart attack |
| B．the danger of having no friends |
| C．smoking is bad for men |
| D．friends’ influence on habits |
Which of the following has the closest meaning to the underlined word “obesity”?
| A．fatness | B．unhappiness |
| C．excitement | D．health |
On my first day of high school, I asked an eleventh-grader where my class was. And he told me it was “on the fourth floor, next to the pool.” I found out five minutes later that we didn’t even have a fourth floor and there was no pool either! Besides that, I didn’t have any trouble with the older kid.
I think the biggest difference between middle and high school is the homework load(工作量) and size of the school. I went from maybe fifteen minutes of homework a night to several hours, so I had to learn how to make full use of time! Our class size is around 550, but joining in clubs, sports, music and other activities at school makes it easier to get to know people in every grade.
The best advice I can give about the years you spend in high school is to learn things for yourself, not just to get a good grade. There have been so many tests that I’ve prepared for the night before, gotten an A, but not remember anything later. I’ve changed that this year, and I enjoy school so much more. Don’t take easy classes just to have a simple year. If you have a choice between chemistry and sports, the first will prove to be a lot more useful!
While drinking and smoking might be present in some middle schools, they are also around in high school. I have a lot of friends who promised they would never drink or smoke, but are now partying every weekend. If you have “fun” and spend your nights wasted instead of studying, you will regret it when you are applying for (申请) college. The “friends” who say you are a loser for not partying are really not your friends at all. It’s hard to see your closest friends grow apart and go in different directions, but don’t follow their footsteps. Follow your own path in life and make your own decisions.What happened to the writer on his first day of high school?
| A．He had a fight with an eleventh-grader. |
| B．He was fooled by a schoolboy. |
| C．He was five minutes late for class. |
| D．He fell into a pool on the fourth floor. |
According to paragraph 2, the writer thinks that in high school _____.
| A．It needs hard work to finish homework |
| B．There are very few activities. |
| C．It’s hard to meet new people there. |
| D．There is always much free time |
The writer advises high school students to_____.
| A．give up sports |
| B．choose useful classes |
| C．try their best to get good grades |
| D．get ready for test the night before |
The passage is probably written for ______.
| A．high school students | B．high school teachers |
| C．college students | D．sports players |
The last paragraph mainly tells us ______.
| A．about the trouble caused by drinking and smoking |
| B．about the importance of making friends |
| C．not to go to any party in high school |
| D．not to lose ourselves in high school |
What’s worrying Anna?
| A．Her friend is not always honest. |
| B．Her friend is not interesting. |
| C．Her friend does not believe her. |
| D．Her friend reads her terrible stories. |
Dani suggests that Tom_______.
| A．leave his two friends |
| B．go on an outing with one of his friends |
| C．tell his friends his thoughts |
| D．invite another to join his group of friends |
The underlined word “teasing” in the last paragraph probably means _______.
| A．hating | B．liking |
| C．making fun of | D．taking care of |
The passage is mainly about how to _____.
| A．make new friends at school |
| B．take part in group activities at school |
| C．get along with different classmates |
| D．solve problems between friends |
(共20小题; 每小题1.5分，满分30分)
Mary Allen was my best friend—like the sister I ever had. We did everything together—piano lessons, movies, swimming and horseback riding.
When I was 13, my family moved away. Mary and I kept in touch through letters and we saw each other on special occasions(场合)—like my wedding and Mary’s. Soon we were busy with children and moving to new homes, and we wrote less often. One day a card that I sent came back, stamped “Address Unknown.”
Over the years, I thought of Mary often. I wanted to share stories of my children and then grandchildren. And I need to share my sorrow when my brother and then my mother died. There was an empty place in my heart that only a friend like Mary could fill.
One day I was reading a newspaper when I noticed a picture of a young woman who looked a lot like Mary and whose last name was Wagman—Mary’s married name. “There must be thousands of Wagmans,” I thought, but I wrote to her anyway.
She called as soon as she got my letter. “Mrs. Tobin!” she said excitedly, “Mary Allen Wagman is my mother”. Minutes later I heard a voice that I recognized(辨认出)at once, even after 40 years. We laughed and cried and asked about each other’s lives.
Now the empty place in my heart is filled, and there is one thing that Mary and I know for sure: We won’t lose each other again!I want to find Mary________.
| A．to share my stories | B．to share my sorrow |
| C．to fill the empty in my heart | D．all of the above |
Which of the following is TRUE?
| A．Mary and I never see each other again when I moved away at 13. |
| B．I find my friend in the newspaper. |
| C．It is 40 years since we last saw each other. |
| D．My friend’s husband is Mr. Tobin. |
The best title of the passage is __________.
| A．My Good Friends | B．Friends Again—Forever |
| C．An Interesting Friend | D．Friends Are Like Sisters |
Teenagers are often a difficult group. With all those hormones（荷尔蒙） flooding their bodies, they can be moody, unpredictable, and tend to make uncertain choices. But however confusing their teenage years are, kids can still be generally happy, depending on their lifestyle choices. According to a new research by British scientists, teens who don’t smoke, drink only moderately or not at all, and who don’t eat much junk food are likely to be happier than other teens.
The study looked at 40,000 British families and came up with some interesting findings. For example, kids who never drank alcohol were up to six times more likely to report higher levels of happiness than kids who drank. And teens who smoked were five times less likely to rate high on happiness charts compared to kids who don’t smoke. Same goes for diet and physical activity. The more fruits and vegetables kids eat, and the more hours they spend playing sports, the happier they are.
Now, of course this doesn’t mean that not smoking or drinking, and playing sports guarantees happiness. It could be that kids who have happy character tend to be more active and less addicted to drinking or smoking. And it could equally be the case that kids who are unhappy are more related to drinking and smoking and eating junk food.
Other studies have shown that exercise is a proven way to treat anxiety and depression. Future studies may support the idea that other healthful behaviors, including refraining(克制) from smoking, drinking, and eating too much junk, can avoid sadness and increase happiness, too. What can we learn from the text?
| A．Not smoking or drinking guarantees happiness. |
| B．Teens with flooding hormones can not be happy. |
| C．Playing sports can decrease teen’s unhappiness. |
| D．Unhappiness can certainly result in smoking and drinking. |
Which of the following might help teens quit anxiety?
| A．Smoking and drinking. | B．Taking exercise. |
| C．Eating junk food. | D．Going on a diet. |
Which can be the best title for the text?
| A．Ways to treat anxiety and depression. |
| B．Exercise and teenagers’ health. |
| C．Teenagers shouldn’t drink or smoke. |
| D．Teenagers’ lifestyle and their happiness. |
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