Electricearsaredirty.Infact,no

更新 2022-09-03
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Electric ears are dirty.In fact, not only are they dirty, they might even be more dirty than their gasoline-powered cousins.
People in California love to talk about "zero-emissions vehicles", but people in California seem to be clueless about where electricity comes from. Power plants mostly use fire to make it. Aside from the new folks who have their roofs covered with solar cells, we get our electricity from generators. Generators are fueled by something---usually coal, oil,but also by heat generated in nuclear power plants. There are a few wind farms and geothermal plants as well, but by far we get electricity mainly by burning something.
In other words, those "zero-emissions" cars are likely coal-burning cars. It's just because the coal is burned somewhere else that it looks clean. It is not. It's as if the California Greens are. covering their eyes---"If I can't see it, it's not happening." Gasoline is an incredibly efficient way to power a vehicle; a gallon of gas has a lot of energy in it.But when you take that gas (or another fuel) and first use it to make electricity, you waste a nice part of that energy, mostly in the form of wasted heat---at the generator, through the transmission lines, etc.
A gallon of gas may propel your car 25 miles. But the electricity you get from that gallon of gas won't get you nearly as far---so electric cars bum more fuel than gas-powered ones. If our electricity came mostly from nukes; or geothermal,or hydro, or solar, or wind,then an electric car truly would be clean. But for political, technical,and economic reasons,we don't use much of those energy sources.
In addition,electric cars' batteries which are poisonous for a long time will eventually end up in a landfill.And finally, When cars are the polluters, the pollution is spread across all the roads. When it's a power plant, though, all the junk is in one place. Nature is very good at cleaning up when things are too concentrated, but it takes a lot longer when all the garbage is in one spot.
What does "clueless" mean in paragraph 2?

A．People are seeing the California Greens everywhere.

B．People in California love to talk about zero-emissions vehicles.

C．People in California love to have their roofs covered with solar cells.

D．People there have no idea that so far electricity mainly comes from burning

coal, oil,etc.
What is the main idea of the passage?

A．Electric cars are not clean at all

B．Electric cars are better than gasoline-powered ones.

C．People cast doubts on electric cars' batteries.

D．Gasoline is an efficient way to powera vehicle.

The electricity we get from a gallon of gas may make our ear run

A．not less than 25 miles	B．more than 25 miles
C．no more than 25 miles	D．not more than 25 miles

According to the passage, electric cars .

A．do not burn fuel and more environmentally-friendly

B．are toxic because it is difficult for nature to clean it up when their
batteries are buried in one spot.

C．are very good at cleaning up when things are not too concentrated

D．are poisonous for a long time and will eventually end up in a landfill

It can be inferred from the passage that

A．being green is good and should be encouraged in communication

B．electric cars are not clean in that we get electricity mainly by burning
something

C．zero-emissions vehicles should be chosen to protect our environment

D．electric cars are now the dominant vehicle compared with gasoline-powered

cousins

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48. In drilling through the ice in Antarctica, scientists, have found that______.
A. the lowest temperature there is －40℃     B. the depth of ice is 3,000 meters
C. the ice has existed for 15,000 years          D. snowfalls are kept in certain patterns
49. The information of the global climate conditions in the past can be obtained through______.
A. separating carbon dioxide from the air
B. examining the growth rings of trees
C. comparing temperatures in different areas
D. studying the ice and air caught in each layer
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A. there is something wrong with the data     B. greenhouse effect is always a bad thing
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D. greenhouse gas will get thick in the future
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A. Research over the Antarctic area.                    B. Warm period to last about 15, 000 years.
C. Report on the eight ice ages in the past.    D. Hollywood movies and the global climate.

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A. Sand           B. Water         C. A blanket.           D. An extinguisher.
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A. separating the fire                                 B. reducing the heat
C. removing the fuel                                 D. cutting off the oxygen
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A. when it breaks out                                B. how it comes about
C. what kind it is                                       D. where it takes place
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A. Another class of fires                                   B. Another type of extinguishers
C. How fires break out.                                D. How fires can be prevented.

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A. Lions make most kills in the daytime.
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D. It doesn’t take lions too much time to make a kill.
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A. head straight for the center of the storm B. get into the car for safety
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A. not to drive in a heavy rain                           B. to do it in an organized way
C. not to get too close to a storm                 D. to spend more time on it in summer
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A. storm chasing costs a lot of money          B. storm chasing is worth hours of waiting
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A.  Sometimes storm chasers get nothing but disappointment
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C. Storm chasing is becoming popular around the world.
D. Storm chasing is only fit for young people.

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68. What makes the jobs of ichthyologists so varied?
A. They study fish habits and collect information.
B. They have to study science and mathematics.
C. They work in fields as well as in laboratories.
D. They read research papers written by others.
69. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
A. An ichthyologist has an interesting and varied profession.
B. Aquaculture is the study of fish protection.
C. The life of an ichthyologist can involve lots of travel.
D. A fish scientist needs to be independent and curious about things.
70. Who is most likely to become an ichthyologist?
A. Tom, because he likes fishing and outdoor sports.
B. Jack, because he likes to travel and read adventure books.
C. Jenny, because she likes science, mathematics and reading about dinosaurs.
D. Jane, because she likes mathematics, science, biology and searching rock-pools.
71. The passage is probably written for         .
A. university students                        B. science researchers
C. fisheries experts                          D. fish farmers

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