.
Robert Owen was born in Wales in 1771. At the age of ten he went to work. His employer had a large
Private library so Owen was able to educate himself. He read a lot in his spare time and at nineteen he was given the job of superintendent(监工) at a Manchester cotton mill. He was so successful there that he persuaded his employer to buy the New Lanark mill in Scotland.
When he arrived at New Lanark it was a dirty little town with a population of 2,000 people. Nobody
paid any attention to the workers' houses or their children's education. The conditions in the factories were very bad. There was a lot of crime and the men spent most of their wages on alcoholic drinks.
Owen improved the houses. He encouraged people to be clean and save money. He opened a shop and sold the workers cheap, well-made goods to help them. He limited the sale of alcoholic drinks. Above all, he fixed his mind on the children's education. In 1816 he opened the first free primary school in Britain.
People came from all over the country to visit Owen's factory. They saw that the workers were healthier and more efficient than in other towns. Their children were better fed and better educated. Owen tried the same experiment in the United States. He bought some land there in 1825,but the community was too far away. He could not keep it under control and lost most of his money.
Owen never stopped fighting for his idea. Above all he believed that people are not born good or bad.
He was a practical man and his ideas were practical. "If you give people good working conditions," he thought, "they will work well and, the most important thing of all, if you give them the chance to learn, they will be better people."
64. For Owen, his greatest achievement in New Lanark was _____________.
A. improving worker's houses B. h
elping people to save money
C. preventing men from getting drunk D. providing the children with a good education
65. From the passage we may infer that Owen was born ___________.
A. into a rich family B. into a noble family
C. into a poor family D. into a middle class family
66. Owen's experiment in the United States failed because _______.
A. he lost all his money
B. he did not buy enough land
C. people who visited it were not impressed
D. it was too far away for him to organize it properly
67. We may infer form the passage that no children in Britain could enjoy free education until ____.
A. 1771 B. 1816 C. 1825 D. 1860
D
Some people may be born happy, while others are genetically negative, scientists have suggested in a study published late February in a British journal.
Earlier research had already established that the gene known as 5-HTTLPR plays a key role in determining how the neurotransmitter (神经传递素) serotonin works within the brain. Serotonin, a hormone (荷尔蒙), passes chemical messages between nerve cells. It has been closely linked to mood. Several anti-depressant (抗抑郁) drugs regulate serotonin levels.
Scientists had also identified three variants (变体) of the gene. Two so-called “short” variants were linked to a higher risk of depression and suicide (自杀) attempts. Unlike the two “short” variants, the “long” variant of 5-HTTLPR showed a clear dislike of negative images, such as fierce animals, and a clear liking for positive ones, such as flowers.
Researchers from the University of Essex in Britain showed participants a series of images, which were divided into three kinds: negative ones aimed at inspiring fear or stress such as a snake or person about to commit suicide, pleasant ones and neutral (中性的) ones.
The participants who had the long variant of the 5-HTTLPR gene “showed a clear dislike of negative material alongside a careful attention for positive material,” the researchers found. They paid close attention to the pretty pictures, and ignored the frightening ones. On the other hand, the short variant groups had the opposite reaction.
In January, the Australian government organized “happiness workshops”, teaching government staff how to be happy. The department that held the “happiness workshops” said unhappy staff weren’t productive staff.
Australian political opposition parties have argued that the “happiness workshops” are probably a waste of money and couldn’t increase productivity as intended. However, whether the workshop will have a happy or disappointing result, we will have to wait and see.
71. Various kinds of images were shown to the participants to .
A. draw their attention
B. cater to their different tastes
C. find out about their reactions
D. teach them to improve their artistic appreciation
72. The “short” variants of 5-HTTLPR differ from the “long” variants of 5-HTTLPR in that_____.
A. the former is connected with positive mood while the latter negative
B. the former is connected with negative mood while the latter positive
C. the former has a greater effect on one’s mood than the latter
D. the latter has a greater effect on one’s mood than the former
73. Which of the following statements is true about “happiness workshops”?
A. Most people believe that they are a waste of money.
B. They will be beneficial in the long run.
C. The purpose of “happiness workshops” is to teach all Australians to be happy.
D. They are organized in the belief that happy staff can work more efficiently.
74. It can be learned from the article that .
A. drugs can be used to control people’s serotonin levels
B. happiness is more important than sadness
C. nothing can affect our mood
D. people with the short variant of 5-HTTLPR prefer a flower to a snake
75. The article is mainly about .
A. the reason for the foundation of “happiness workshops”
B. the link between people’s mood and their gene
C. the study on people’s likes and dislikes
D. the differences in people’s attitude towards life
C
A new age is coming. Call it what you will: the service economy, the information age, the knowledge society. It all translates to a fundamental change in the way we work. Already we’re partly there, the percentage of people who earn their living by making things has fallen dramatically in the Western World. Today the majority of jobs in America, Europe and Japan are in the service industry, and the number is on the rise. More women are in the work force than ever before. There are more part-time jobs. More people are self-employed. But the range of
the economic transformation can’t be measured by numbers alone, because it also is giving rise to important new way of thinking about the nature of work itself. Long-held ideas about jobs and careers, the skills needed to succeed, even the relation between individuals and employers — all these are being challenged.
We have only to look behind us to get some sense of what may lie ahead. No one looking ahead 20 years possibly could have foreseen the ways in which a single invention, the chip, would transform our world thanks to its applications in personal computers, digital communications and factory robots. Tomorrow’s achievements in biotechnology, artificial intelligence or even some still unimagined technology could produce a similar wave of dramatic changes. But one thing is certain: information and knowledge will become even more valid, and the people who possess it, whether they work in manufacturing or services, will have the advantage and produce the wealth. Computer knowledge will become as basic a requirement as the ability to read and write. The ability to solve problems by applying information instead of performing routine tasks will be valued above all else. If you cast your mind ahead 10 years, information service will be superior. It will be the way you do your job.
66. A characteristic of the new age mentioned in the passage is that .
A. the service industry mainly relies on females
B. manufacturing industries are steadily increasing
C. more people are in the service industry than before
D. the work in the service industry is more comfortable than that in manufacturing industry
67. Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A. People’s traditional concepts about jobs need changing.
B. The relation between employees and employers is b
ecoming tense.
C. More women than men are in the work force.
D. Part-time jobs are more welcome than full-time jobs.
68. By mentioning the invention of “the chip”, the author means to say that .
A. we haven’t paid enough attention to the importance of high technology
B. the chip is the most important invention today
C. the power of science and technology is beyond our imagination
D. it’s a great challenge to apply new inventions to our life
69. We may draw a conclusion from the passage that .
A. information will play a greater role in people’s work and daily life in the future
B. we can foresee the future if technology develops fast enough
C. the ability of performing routine tasks gives you an advantage in work
D. robots will replace people to do all the work both in manufacturing and service industries
70. The author’s attitude to the coming age is .
A. doubtful B. enthusiastic C. satisfied D. Uncertain
B
I am a writer. I spend a great deal of my time thinking about the power of language — the way it can evoke（唤起）an emotion, a v
isual image, a complex idea, or a simple truth. Language is the tool of my trade. And I use them all—all the Englishes I grew up with.
Born into a Chinese family that had recently arrived in California, I’ve been giving more thought to the kind of English my mother speaks. Like others, I have described it to people as “broken” English. But I feel embarrassed to say that. It has always bothered me that I can think of no way to describe it other than “broken”, as if it were damaged and needed to be fixed, as if it lacked a certain wholeness. I’ve heard other terms used, “limited English,” for example. But they seem just as bad, as if everything is limited, including people’s perceptions (认识) of the limited English speaker.
I know this for a fact, because when I was growing up, my mother’s “limited” English limited my perception of her. I was ashamed of her English. I believed that her English reflected the quality of what she had to say. That is, because she expressed them imperfectly her thoughts were imperfect. And I had plenty of evidence to support me: the fact that people in department stores, at banks, and at restaurants did not take her seriously, did not give her good service, 
pretended not to understand her, or even acted as if they did n
ot hear her.
I started writing fiction in 1985. And for reasons I won’t get into today, I began to write stories using all the Englishes I grew up with: the English she used with me, which for lack of a better term might be described as “broken”, and what I imagine to be her translation of her Chinese, her internal (内在的) language, and for that I sought to preserve the essence (本质), but neither an English nor a Chinese structure. I wanted to catch what language ability tests can never show: her intention, her feelings, the rhythms of her speech and the nature of her thoughts.
61. By saying “Language is the tool of my trade”, the author means that .
A. she uses English in foreign trade B. she is fascinated by languages
C. she works as a translator D. she is a writer by profession
62. The author used to think of her mother’s English as .
A. impolite B. amusing C. imperfect D. practical
63. Which of the following is TRUE according to Paragraph 3?
A. Americans do not understand broken English.
B. The author’s mother was not respected sometimes.
C. The author’ mother had positive influence on her.
D. Broken English always reflects imperfect thoughts.
64. It can be inferred that the English the author’s mother used was .
A. well structured B. in the old style
C. easy to
translate D. rich in meaning
65. What is the passage mainly about?
A. The author’s experiences of using different Englishes.
B. The author’s misunderstanding of “limited” English.
C. The limitation of the author’s perception of her mother.D. The changes of the author’s attitude to her mother’s English.
第二部分阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
When I was still a student, I found it hard to get back on track with school after the holiday break ended. Fortunately, I could also make up for late homework. But as a working professional, I no longer have that luxury — any delay or mistakes in my work caused by a holiday hangover may end up being costly. The good news is that with a simple strategy in place, it won’t take much effort to return to your normal productivity level.
Plan your post-holiday work schedule even before the holiday begins. This is the primary reason why I easily got back to my regular workload. As soon as the holiday was over, all I had to do was look at the schedule I prepared two weeks earlier to see what I needed to do. Without it, I would have probably spent a day or two regrouping.
I have to admit that it’s wise to work a little during the holidays. If you feel that’s being too much of a killjoy, choose to work on light tasks — perhaps checking your mail or brainstorming. The point is to avoid work being overwhelming after the holidays. It doesn’t mean you’ll get up in the middle of a family gathering and start typing away in your laptop. Make yourself part of the festivities, only get some work done during times when less is happening.
Stick with your normal body clock. Many people feel tired post-holidays because their body clocks have adjusted to a later waking-up time. If this has happened to you, make sure to try and reset your body clock back to suit your ideal sleeping hours before the regular workweek starts.
It’s important to relax. I know some people who actually spend the holidays being completely stressed out preparing gifts and celebrations. The irony is, they don’t end up enjoying their supposed “vacation time” from work. Avoid falling into that trap and catch up on your sleep.
56. How many tips does the author mention in this passage?
A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. D. 5.
57. What’s the main idea of the third paragraph?
A. Do some light work while you enjoy your holidays.
B. Too much work during the holidays is a killjoy.
C. Make yourself part 
of the festivities.
D. Don’t forget your mail during your holidays.
58. According to the passage, some people feel tired after the holiday because they .
A. work too much during the holidays
B. disturb their normal body clock
C. don’t have enough sleep during the holidays
D. always have more work to do than usual
59. We may learn from the passage that .
A. the author is a student on his holiday
B. the author always ruins his work after-holiday
C. it’s important to pre-plan the work schedule
D. holidays are usually bad for regular work
60. What’s the best title of the passage?
A. Plan Your Holidays Wisely
B. Work Hard after Your Holidays
C. After-holiday Work Is Overwhelming
D. How to Avoid After-holiday Tiredness
E
The evidence for harmony may not be obvious in some families. But it seems that four out of five young people now get on with their parents, which is the opposite of the popularly held image of unhappy teenagers locked in their room after endless family quarrels.
An important new study into teenage attitudes surprisingly shows that their family life is more harmonious than it has ever been in the past. “We were surprised by just how positive today’s young people seem to be about their families,” said one member of the research team. “They’re expected to be rebellious(叛逆的) and selfish but actually they have other things on their minds; they want a car and material goods, and they worry about whether school is serving them well. There’s more negotiation(商议) and discussion between parents and children, and children expect to take part in the family decision-making process. They don’t want to rock the boat.”
So it seems that this generation of parents is much more likely than parents of 30 years ago to treat their children as friends. “My parents are happy to discuss things with me and willing to listen to me,” says 17-years-old Daniel Lazall. “I always tell them when I’m going out clubbing. As long as they know what I’m doing, they’re fine with it.” Susan Crome, who is now 21, agrees. Looking back on the last 10 years, there was a lot of what you could call negotiation. For example, as long as I’d done all my homework, I could go out on a Saturday night. But I think my grandparents were a lot stricter with my parents than that.”
Maybe this positive view of family life should not be unexpected. It is possible that the idea of teenagers rebellion is not rooted in real facts. A researcher comments, “Our surprise that teenagers say they get along well with their parents comes because of a brief period in our social history when teenagers were regarded as different beings. But that idea of rebelling and breaking away from their parents really happened during that one time in the 1960s when everyone rebelled. The normal situation throughout history has been a smooth change from helping out with the family business to taking it over.”
72. What is the popular images of teenagers today?
A. They worry about school
B. They dislike living with their parents
C. They have to be locked in to avoid troubles
D. They quarrel a lot with other family members
73. The study shows that teenagers don’t want to ______.
A. share family responsibility B. cause trouble in their families
C. go boating with their family D. make family decisions
74. Compared with parents of 30 years age, today’s parents______.
A. go to clubs more often with their children B. are much stricter with their children
C. care less about their children’s life D. give their children more freedom
75. According to the author, teenage rebellion______.
A. may be a false belief B. is common nowadays
C. existed only in the 1960s D. resulted from changes in families
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