Most rain forests lie close to the equator(赤道),where the climate is often mild and there are long hours of sunshine.The warmth of the land heats the air above,causing it to rise and tiny drops of water to fall as rain.The rainfall can reach at least 98 inches a year.This wet,warm world with plenty of sunlight is perfect for plants to grow,so the trees grow fast with green leaves all the year round.The trees themselves also have an effect on the climate.They gather water from the soil and pass it out into the air through their leaves.The wet air then forms clouds,which hang over the treetops like smoke.These clouds protect the forest from the daytime heat and night-time cold of nearby deserts,keeping temperatures fit for plant growth.
Rain forests slightly farther away from the equator remain just as warm,but they have a dry season of three months or more when little rain falls.Tree leaves fall during this dry season and new leaves grow when the wet season or monsoon(雨季) begins.Thus these areas are known as the “monsoon forest”.
Another type of rain forest grows on tropical mountains.It is often called the “cloud forest” because clouds often hang over the trees like fog.
The rain forest is the ideal place for the growth of many different trees.Most of them depend on animals to eat their fruits and spread their seeds.When the fruits are eaten,the seeds inside them go undamaged through animals’ stomachs and are passed out in their droppings.The seeds lying on the forest floor then grow into new trees.The climate of the rain forests near the equator is _______.
| A．mild,wet and windy | B．hot,rainy and foggy |
| C．hot,wet and cloudy | D．warm,wet and sunny |
We can learn from the passage that _______.
| A．tree leaves are green all the time in the monsoon forest |
| B．there is a dry season in the cloud forest on tropical mountains |
| C．clouds help the plants in the rain forest near the deserts to grow |
| D．the formation of climate in the rain forest has little to do with the trees |
According to the passage,_______ play the most important role in the spreading of seeds.
| A．animals | B．droppings | C．fruits | D．winds |
This passage is most likely to be found in _______.
| A．a travel guide | B．a story book |
| C．a technical report | D．a geography book |
L1PITOR
| ABOUT LIPITOR Lipitor is a prescription medicine．Along with diet and exercise，it lowers “bad，’cholesterol(胆固醇)in your blood．It can also raise “good” cholesterol. Lipitor can lower the risk of heart attack in patients with several common risk factors，including family history of early heart disease，high blood pressure，age and smoking. |
| WHO IS LIPITOR FOR? Who can take LIPITOR： ．People who cannot lower their cholesterol enough with diet and exercise · Adults and children over l0 Who should NOT take LIPITOR： ．Women who are pregnant，may be pregnant，or may become pregnant. Lipitor may harm your unborn baby. ．women who are breast-feeding．Lipitor can pass into your breast milk and may harm your baby. · People with liver(肝脏)problems |
| POSSIBLE SIDE EFFECTS OF LIPITOR Serious side effects in a small number of people： ．Muscle(肌肉)problems that can lead to kidney(肾脏)problems，including kidney failure ．Liver problems．Your doctor may do blood tests to check your liver before you start Lipitor and while you are taking it． Call your doctor right away if you have： ．Unexplained muscle pain or weakness，especially if you have a fever or feel very fired ．Swelling of the face，lips，tongue，and／or throat that may cause difficulty in breathing or swallowing · Stomach pain Some common side effects of LIPITOR are： · Muscle pain · Upset stomach · Changes in some blood tests |
| HOW TO TAKE LIPITOR DO： ．Take Lipitor as prescribed by your doctor. ．Try to eat heart-healthy foods while you take Lipitor. ．Take Lipitor at any time of day, with or without food. ．If you miss a dose(一剂)，take it as soon as you remember.But if it has been more than 12 hours since your missed dose，wait．Take the next dose at your regular time. Don’t： ．Do not change or stop your dose before talking to your doctor. ．Do not start new medicines before talking to your doctor. |
What is a major function of Lipitor?
| A．To help quit smoking. |
| B．To control blood pressure. |
| C．To improve unhealthy diet. |
| D．To lower "bad" cholesterol. |
Taking Lipitor is helpful for .
| A．breast-feeding women |
| B．women who are pregnant |
| C．adults having heart disease |
| D．teenagers with liver problems． |
If it has been over 12 hours since you missed a dose, you should
| A．change the amount of your next dose |
| B．eat more when taking your next dose |
| C．have a dose as soon as you remember |
| D．take the next dose at your regular time |
Which of the following is a common side effect of taking Lipitor?
| A．Face swelling. |
| B．Upset stomach. |
| C．Kidney failure. |
| D．Muscle weakness. |
What is the main purpose of the passage?
| A．To teach patients ways for quick recovery. |
| B．To present a report on a scientific research. |
| C．To show the importance of a good lifestyle. |
| D．To give information about a kind of medicine. |
Millions of people die of hunger in southern Africa every year, but when Zambia was offered thousands of tons of free maize by the US, the government politely paid no.
“We don’t know whether the food is safe,” said Zambia’s commerce, Trade and Industry Minister Dipak Patel.
His worries are shared by countries around the world that are in two minds about America’s genetically modified（GM，转基因的）crops. Just last week, EU（欧盟）member nations were discussing whether or not to import GM sweet corn from the US.
Ever since people started farming, they have tried to crossbreed（杂交） plants to make them stronger or better tasting. At one time, only related plants could be crossed with each other.
But when GM techniques were developed in the 1970s, scientists were able to put a single gene from a living creature into an unrelated creature.
This means they can make crops more productive and resistant to disease by adding genes from other species. They can also create food with special characteristics, such as “golden rice”, which is enriched with vitamin A. But many people believe GM foods are a health risk.
“If left to me, I would certainly not eat GM foods,” said Scottish scientist Arpad Pusztai. “We are putting new things into food which haven’t been eaten before. The effects on the immune system（免疫系统） are not easy to predict.”
At the moment, the official argument is that GM foods “are not likely to present risks for human health”. But there are still many questions to be answered as the foods are produced in different ways.
Some experts believe the genetic material added to plants can transfer to humans and give damage to our bodies. Further harm could be caused by the genes from GM plants crossbreeding with naturally produced crops. We learn from the passage .
| A．people have discovered that GM foods will do harm to human health |
| B．millions of Zambia people die of eating too much GM foods |
| C．people are still not sure if GM foods will do harm to human health |
| D．genetic material added to plants will damage our bodies sooner or later |
What does “in two minds” in the third paragraph mean?
| A．Unsure |
| B．Worried |
| C．Likely |
| D．Careless |
The following statements is NOT true about GM foods?
| A．It is produced from plants added genes from other species. |
| B．GM foods can have special characteristics. |
| C．GM foods will affect people’s immune system. |
| D．GM foods have been produced since 1970s. |
Adult Basic Education (ABE) and GED Preparation
Task
The Adult Basic Education Department serves a huge population of learners. Our task is to teach basic skills and help learners to get more knowledge to function effectively as a family member, citizen, worker, and lifelong learner in a changing world.
Description
ABE is a non-credit program of self-improvement designed to improve basic skills for students who are of different educational levels. Development of reading, writing, and math skills are paid special attention to, as well as life skills, employability, and technology. Students without a high school diploma（文凭）also have the opportunity to prepare for the GED exams in the five subject areas: writing, social studies, science, literature, and math.
Prerequisites（条件）
ABE classes are open to anyone 18or over who desires to improve basic reading, writing, and math skills at the pre-college level. Students who are 16 or 17 must first obtain an official release（释放）from high school before attending class.
To be accepted, students must attend an Educational Planning Session. During the Educational Planning Session students will be given an overview of the ABE programs as well as PCC policies, fees, etc, Students will also have their reading, writing, and math abilities assessed（评估）during the Educational Planning Session. The results of their assessments will help the teachers develop individual programs of study for students to guide them toward their personal goals. Students needing special help must get in touch with the Office for Students with Disabilities (503-977-4341) at least two weeks before the session is held.
Courses
ABE 0741: Beginning Literacy
ABE 0742: Beginning
ABE 0743: Intermediate I
ABE 0744: Intermediate II
ABE 0745: Secondary I
ABE0746: Secondary II (Includes preparation for the GED Test.) The ABE Department serves an aim to .
| A．provide learners with basic knowledge and skills to fit in with society |
| B．help learners successfully get a job in a changing world |
| C．offer diplomas to those who fail to finish secondary education |
| D．provide students with opportunities to prepare for the GED exams |
A 17-year-old is not accepted to ABE classes only because he .
| A．is below 18 |
| B．can’t offer a high school diploma |
| C．has left school without official permission |
| D．is assessed as poor in learning performances |
What is the Education Planning Session intended for?
| A．An assessment of students’ basic skill levels. |
| B．Helping students be better at the four basic skills. |
| C．Finding out whether they can be accepted to ABE classes. |
| D．Providing special help to disabled students. |
Different courses are offered to different students according to .
| A．their own choices |
| B．the assessments during the Education Planning Session |
| C．their performances in school |
| D．how much they pay for the courses |
Technically the domain name system consists of three parts. First is the addressing system of Internet Protocol(IP)numbers, the 32-bit numbers that are the true addresses of computers connected to the Internet. Next is the naming system, the by-now familiar names that include .com .org .edu .etc., which are collectively known as top level domains, or TLDs. The naming system was devised to find a computer or send email. Finally, there is the routing system, which “maps” domain names to IP numbers. Computers called “root servers” contain a kind of giant directory that links specific names to specific addresses on the Internet.
There are several political headaches about domain names that have no clear solutions. Because domain names have to be unique, they are inevitably linked to trademark disputes when two or more businesses, or people, want the same name.
Domain names also raise issues of privacy. Using a search tool such as the Whonami Global Internet Name Search site, anyone can look up the name and address of whoever is registered as the owner of a domain name.
In 1998, the U.S. government handed over management of the entire domain name system to the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers, or ICANN, based in Marina Del Rey. ICANN’s board of directors held one of its periodic general meetings recently in Stockholm, an event that featured an outpouring of frustration and controversy about how the group is managing its new responsibilities.If you want to send email, you must own the following except .
| A．a computer |
| B．the addressing system |
| C．a domain address |
| D．a telephone line or cable |
Which of the following is NOT true?
| A．The domain name system was once under the control of the U.S. government. |
| B．The general meeting of ICANN is held on a regular basis. |
| C．Two businesses can have the same domain names. |
| D．Search sites help people to get information about domain name owners. |
The purpose of naming system was to .
| A．link specific names to specific addresses on the Internet |
| B．find people on computers. |
| C．distinguish computers or send email |
| D．solve problems for businesses and people |
Domain names which have no clear solutions .
| A．cause people’s headache |
| B．cause difficult situations for the government |
| C．get businesses to change their trademarks |
| D．force businesses to put trademarks on their goods. |
Advertising is as old as story-telling itself. For as long as people have wanted to persuade others to buy their goods, give them their vote or lay down their lives, they have used the methods of advertising. Of course, methods have changed over the years. At first, word of mouth was the only means of communicating, but after the invention of the first printing press and the arrival of the first newspaper, the camera, the television, and the home video recorder, the persuasive methods of the advertising industry have become much more sophisticated.
Advertising appeals more to our emotions than to our minds and therefore uses persuasive techniques which, though not misleading, are certainly biased towards its products. Advertisements have some basic features.
·They are fast and short. They deliver their message in minimum time and space.
·They are concentrated. Their language and images are extremely dense.
·They appeal to consumers’ emotions rather than to their logic.
·They entertain. That entertainment may be in the form of a jazzy melody or a photograph or a clever joke, but it always draws attention to itself because advertisements have to compete against every other competitor for consumers’ attention.In the past, people used methods of advertising when they wanted others to .
| A．buy their products and lay down |
| B．vote for them and give up their lives |
| C．support them and lie down |
| D．buy their products and give them tickets |
How can advertisements attract people?
| A．By showing reasonable prices of the products. |
| B．By showing fabulous pictures of the products. |
| C．By reminding people to think before deciding to buy the products. |
| D．By persuading people in the form of music, pictures and so on. |
The writer implied in the passage that .
| A．advertisers only present good points of their products |
| B．advertisers try to cheat consumers |
| C．advertisers are not sure about their products |
| D．advertisers are competing with each other. |
“Itself” in the last sentence of the passage refers to .
| A．photograph |
| B．entertainment |
| C．joke |
| D．jazzy melody |
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