In the past decade the popularity of rock climbing has greatly increased, and so has the number of injuries. It has been estimated that rock climbing is now enjoyed by more than 9 million people in the US each year. Study findings revealed a 65% increase in the number of patients that were treated in US emergency departments for rock climbing-related injuries between 1991 and 2012.
The study, published in the online issue of the American Journal of Preventive Medicine, found that about 40,000 patients were treated in US emergency departments for rock climbing-related injuries between 1991 and 2012. The most common types of rock climbing –related injuries were fractures(骨折) and sprains （扭伤）。The ankle was the most common body part to be injured (40%). Climbers in the study ranged in age from 2 to 74, with an average age of 26. The study also found that women took up a quarter of the injuries.
Falls were the primary reason for injury with over three-quarters of the injuries occurring as the result of a fall. The severity of fall-related injuries had a lot to do with the height of the fall. Patients who were injured after falling from a height over 20 feet were 10 times more likely to be treated than patients who were injured falling from 20 feet or lower.
“We found that the climbers who fell from heights higher than 20 feet took up 70 percent of the patients treated for a rock climbing-related injury,” explained the study author Lara McKenzie, PhD, director at the Center for Injury Research and Policy at Nationwide Hospital. “This trend, combined with the fact that rock climbers have a higher hospitalization rate than other sports and recreational injuries, demonstrates the need to increase injury prevention efforts for climbers.”Which body part is most likely to get injured for a climber ?
| A．The arm | B．The knee |
| C．The ankle | D．The hand |
How many women climbers in American got injured while climbing a rock between 1991 and 2012 ？
| A．About 40,000 | B．About 30,000 |
| C．About 20,000 | D．About 10,000 |
The severity of climbers’ fall-related injures is mainly related to ______.
| A．the height of the fall. |
| B．the climber’s age. |
| C．the climber’s health condition |
| D．the climber’s climbing experience. |
The underlined word “demonstrates” in the last paragraph can be replaced by ________.
| A．denies | B．proves | C．prevents | D．describes |
1. Exercise
Studies show that 30 minutes of mild exercise a day will increase your life span. This doesn’t mean you have to run three miles or start jumping. Simple activities such as walking, gardening or taking exercise classes will work.
2. Enjoy people
Contacts with family and friends help fight life-sapping depression and stress. Studies show that people socialize regularly live longer than loners. Interact daily with family members and friends. If you are isolated, make a point of joining social clubs or church groups so you can laugh and share life’s joys.
3. Stay mentally active
This is very important—use it or lose it! People who allow their mental faculties to decline run the risk of shortening their lives through falls and other injuries, and not being able to take care of themselves. Read the newspaper, visit the public library, balance your checkbook without a calculator, and exercise your brain by doing crossword puzzle.
4. Diet
The key words are “ high-fiber, low-fat”. Cut back on red meat, salt, white flour, white sugar, alcohol and coffee. Start eating a balanced diet including lots of fruit, grains, raw vegetables and nuts.
5. Positive attitude
By approaching life with a positive outlook you increase your chances of living longer. Stay optimistic—always search for the silver lining. Studies show people who see life as an enjoyable challenge, rather than a constant trial, cope better and prolong their life spans.
6. medication mix
As we age, we are more likely to take medications. Sometimes this leads to over-medication, which can be disabling and even deadly. Ask your doctor if the drugs you take are really necessary. Make sure there is no danger of a bad drug interaction from your medication. Used correctly, medicines can help you live longer and more comfortably.
7. Volunteer
Helping others increases your self-esteem and makes you feel like a valuable contributor.Which of the following does NOT increase your life span?
| A．Staying happy about life |
| B．Exercising as much as possible |
| C．Exercising your brain frequently |
| D．Enjoying your social life |
The underlined phrase silver lining can be replaced with __________.
| A．something made of silver | B．new information |
| C．good aspects | D．long life span |
Which of the following is correct about medication ?
| A．Appropriate medication is necessary. |
| B．Medication is always helpful to you. |
| C．Doctors suggest taking expensive medicines. |
| D．Drugs are unnecessary because of side-effects. |
If you see a group of people dancing and singing on the street or in the railway station, you don’t need to feel surprised. They are a flash mob. Don’t be confused by their name. Actually, a flash mob, organized with the help of the Internet or other digital communications networks, is a group of people who assemble suddenly in a public place, do something unusual for a period of time, such as exchanging books, coming together to look at the sky, waving their hands and shouting something at the top of their lungs for 30 seconds, and then quickly disappear before the police can arrive.
Bill Wasik, senior editor of Harper’s Magazine, organized the first flash mob in Manhattan in May 2003 and the first successful flash mob assembled on June 3, 2003 at Macy’s department store involving 100 people gathering on Macy’s Department Store. Following this, about 200 people flooded the lobby of the Hyatt hotel, applauding in one voice for fifteen seconds, and next participants pretending to be tourists on a bus trip invaded a shoe boutique in Soho. A later mob saw hundreds of people in Central Park making bird noises.
Wasik claimed that he created flash mobs as a social experiment designed to tease hipsters（追逐时尚的人）, and highlight the cultural atmosphere of agreement and of being part of “the next big thing”.
Many Web logs, chat rooms and Web groups are devoted to the craze. Though flash mobs were originally regarded as pointless, the concept has already developed for the benefit of political and social events. Flash mobbing takes advantage of the efficiency of communicating information on Websites and by email, and protesters can similarly use the “on and off” concept to be involved in political events. Such flash mob gatherings can sometimes shock or frighten people who are not aware of what is taking place. They also have enormous economic potential, such as using flash mobs to advertise a product.
The flash mob is now becoming more and more popular. People use it to do many things. For example, in 2009, hundreds of Michael Jackson’s fans took part in a flash mob to remember him, gathering outside the railway station in Liverpool, singing and dancing Michael’s famous song Beat It together. In another example, some people took part in a flash mob to warn people against negative words. Flash mobs give people from all walks of life an opportunity to come together to create a memory.The purpose of flash mobs created by Wasik is to __________.
| A．make flash mobs a social experiment with political, social and economic potential |
| B．give people an opportunity to assemble and perform some distraction |
| C．make fun of hipsters and emphasize the cultural atmosphere of agreement and participation |
| D．make communicating information efficient and help people create a memory |
People took part in the following activities of flash mobs except that __________.
| A．they pretended to take a bus trip and invaded a shoe shop in Soho |
| B．they got together in central Park and played birdsong |
| C．they gathered upon the railway station in Liverpool, singing Beat It and dancing |
| D．they assembled in the department store and applauded together for 15 seconds |
Which of the following could most possibly be a flash mob according to the passage?
| A．Sixteen people get together quickly on the square and do jumping and singing and leave there suddenly. |
| B．A group of people are busy giving out leaflets of a limousine of a brand to those walking in front of them. |
| C．Some tourists plan for months and go mountaineering on the first day of Horse Year. |
| D．Protesters from different factories sit for days in front of the city hall for low wage. |
Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?
| A．Flash mob: the political potential |
| B．Flash mob: the pop culture |
| C．Flash mob: the source of information |
| D．Flash mob: the short-term memory |
Recently a lot of managers complain that their employees don’t work hard and what they care about is only how much money they can get.
How does this happen? I t
hink it is time for them to think about that seriously now.
Shakespeare once said that “some are born great, some achieve greatness, and some have greatness thrust upon them”. So it is with leadership. Some persons are born with the ability of leadership. Some gain that art by watching and studying the actions of those around them. Other persons find themselves forced into special situations which require them to make the best of the resources they never realized they had and events bring out strong leadership. Most of us are never put to such tests. Most of us are not born leaders.
We often hear people say, “He is a great fellow to work for.” We see workers try their best to do things for certain managers. We see them carry out instructions cheerfully and well or even add something to the doing of the job which was unexpected. In other words, they put themselves into the job and give it their “extra effort” which people give only when they feel that they are part of the team, that they are making a contribution to its success, and that their contributions are understood and appreciated by their managers.
However, this is not something which happens naturally or by chance. It is built on one-to-one relationship. It is a reflection of a person’s attitudes toward the job, the manager and the company. Where it exists, it has been developed over a period, as a result of three simple factors: confide
nce, cooperation and understanding of their manager who understands them, appreciates their efforts and tries to give them all a fair deal.The author quotes Shakespeare's words in order to ________．
| A．introduce the topic of the passage |
| B．stress the importance of good leadership |
| C．help to describe three different kinds of leaders |
| D．compare the difference between greatness with leadership |
According to the author, as a manager, you should ________．
| A．understand and appreciate your workers and their contributions |
| B．make good use of those workers born willing to work hard for you |
| C．treat different workers in different ways and different attitudes |
| D．not only control your workers but understand and appreciate them |
Most people gain the art of leadership because ________．
| A．they are born with the ability of it |
| B．they are always put into some special tests |
| C．they are much wiser than others |
| D．they like to watch and study the actions of others |
A new survey finds that more than eighty percent of Internet users in the United States search for health information online．The survey found that searching online is one of the leading ways that people look for a second opinion though doctors are still the main source of health information．
Forty-four percent of people are actually looking for doctors or other providers when they search for health information online．Another finding of the survey: Two-thirds of Internet users look online for information about a specific disease or medical condition．
The Internet has also become an important source of e
motional support for people with health problems．Susannah Fox says one in five Internet users has gone online to find other people who have the same condition．It was more popular among people with more serious health issues—one in four people living with chronic diseases （慢性病）．And it was basically off the charts with pe
ople living with rare disease．They are so eager to find other people online who share their health concerns．
A disease is considered rare if it affects fewer than two hundred thousand people worldwide．The rise of social networking has made it easier for people with rare diseases to connect with each other and feel less alone．Social networking is also changing the way some doctors and patients communicate with each other．Dr．Jeff Livingston operates a medical center for women in Irving, Texas．His office uses password-protected software to share information with patients．
“We provide the patient full access to their medical care．Anything I can see, the patient can see．All of their notes, all of their doctor visits are right there．All 
of their lab work is right there．” Dr．Livingston says the software has increased efficiency, reduced costs and improved relations with patients．From the first paragraph, we can know _________．
| A．most online health information is reliable |
| B．more people now turn to the Internet for medical advice |
| C．people shouldn’t rely on the Internet for medical advice |
| D．doctors are no longer the patients’ first choice |
The underlined words “off the charts” in Paragraph 3 mean _________．
A．very popular |
| B．not accessible |
| C．far away from |
| D．not attractive |
By using social networking, patients with rare diseases can _________．
| A．find effective cures |
B．get emotion al comfort |
| C．ask for financial support |
| D．consult doctors anytime |
Which of the following is NOT true for Dr．Livingston’s software?
| A．It cuts down medical expenses． |
| B．It decreases the time spent on medical care． |
| C．It takes doctors closer to their patients． |
| D．It gives patients a medical test online． |
I’m writing to complain about the service offered by your company.
I told your service department on November 21 that my washing machine needed repairing, Your service engineers have since been here four times—on December 1l, December 19, December 25 and January 5．The problem was found out on the first visit and the wrong parts were brought by different engineers on the two next visits. The correct part was fitted by the first engineer on the fourth visit.
In short, my complaints are:
a．I had to wait three weeks for an engineer to call and nearly two months for the machine to be repaired.
b．The engineers who called on December 19 and December 25 had been given wrong information by the company, which made me take two half days off unnecessarily.
c．The first and fourth visits lasted a total of thirty minutes. But in the invoice （发票）, I have to pay for four visits of four hours’ work. I will not be paying the invoice for their mistakes and I do hope to receive your answers to these complaints.
Yours,
Robert WhiteRobert’s main purpose in writing to the company is to tell the company ________.
| A．how its service department is operating |
| B．how its different engineers came for the repair |
| C．that all of the engineers didn’t give him any help |
| D．that he refuses to pay the company for their mistakes |
The first of Robert’s complaints is that________.
| A．it took him three weeks to have the machine repaired |
| B．it took him nearly sixty days to get his machine repaired |
| C．it had been almost two months before the first engineer came |
| D．it took the engineer 3 weeks to find out something wrong with the machine. |
The second and third engineers brought the wrong parts because________.
| A．the company didn’t tell them exactly what they should do |
| B．the company didn't tell them where the correct parts were |
| C．they were not sure about whether the machine worked or not |
| D．they hadn’t been told where the right parts should be fitted. |
It can be inferred from the letter that Robert promises to pay for________.
| A．three hours’ work | B．half an hour’s work |
| C．an hour’s work | D．four hours’ work |
粤公网安备 44130202000953号