【2015·新课标全国II】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Training for a marathon requires careful preparation and steady, gradual increases in the length of the runs. , buy the best-fitting running shoes you can find. No one can say which brand will work best for you or feel best on your feet, so you have to rely on your experience and on the feel of each pair as you shop. When you have found shoes that seem right, walk in them for a few days to double-check the fit.
. As always, you should stretch(伸展) at least ten minutes before each run to prevent injuries.
During the first week, do not think about distance, but run five minutes longer each day. , it is wise to take a day off to rest. But during the next week, set a goal of at least a mile and a half per run.
. After two weeks, start timing yourself.
. Depending on the kind of race you plan to enter, you can set up a timetable for the remaining weeks before the race.
| A．After six days |
| B．For a good marathon runner |
| C．Before you begin your training |
| D．With each day, increase the distance by a half mile |
E. If they still feel good, you can begin running in them
F. Time spent for preparation raises the quality of training
G. Now you are ready out a goal of improving distance and time
短文填空，从方框中选择正确的选项，将其字母标号填在文后横线上，完成短文。（选项中有两个是多余选项）（每空1分，计10分）
| A. usually B. mistakes C. rest D. hundred E. what F. making G. although H. under I. They J. thinks K. fly L. how |
Every morning, kids from a high school are working hard. They are and selling special coffee at a coffee shop. They are also making a lot of money.
These students can make up to nine dollars a day. They are selling their special coffee to airplane passengers. After the students get paid, the
of the money goes to a local youth project.
These high school students use a space in the Oakland airport. It is very crowded(拥挤的). Many people who
on the planes like to drink the special coffee.
One customer(顾客) that the coffee costs a lot but it is good and worth it. Most customers are pleasant but some are unhappy.
do not like it if the coffee shop is not open for business.
The students earn $ 6.10 an hour. They also get school credit(学分) while they learn to run a business. Many of the students enjoy the work
it took some time to learn how to do it.
They have to learn how to heat milk, load the pots, and add flavor. It takes some skill and sometimes are made. The most common mistake is forgetting to add the coffee.
任务型读写(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，根据所读内容在表格中的空白处填入恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填一个单词。
If you took the strengths of others and compared them to your weaknesses, would this make you feel good? The funny thing is that this is what most of us do at one time or another—and some of us do it pretty often. It's a sure-fire recipe for a drop in self-confidence and for unhappiness. So how can we stop comparing ourselves with others? Here are some tips I've found useful.
Awareness.
Most often we do these social comparisons without realizing we're doing it. It's a natural act, I suppose. So the solution is to become aware. If you focus on these thoughts for a few days, it will become much easier with practice, and soon it'll be hard not to notice.
Stop yourself.
Once you realize you're making these comparisons, stop yourself. Don't feel bad—just admit the thought, and gently change the focus.
Count your blessings.
Focus on what you do have, and on what you are already blessed with. Count what you have, not what you don't have. Think about how lucky you are to have what you have, to have the people in your life who care about you. If you always want what others have, you will never have enough. You will always want more. That's an endless cycle, and it will never lead to happiness. Instead, learn to realize that what you have is already enough.
Focus on your strengths.
Instead of looking at your weaknesses, ask yourself what your strengths are. Be proud of them. Work on using them to your best advantage.
No one is perfect—we all know that. But we seem to feel bad when we don't reach perfection. You aren't perfect and you never will be. Keep trying to improve, but don't think you'll ever be the "perfect person". If you realize that imperfection is what makes you who you are, you are already perfect.
| Title: Tips ____ |
||
| ___ |
It is unwise to compare others’ ___ |
|
| Detailed suggestions |
Awareness. |
Be __ |
| Stop yourself. |
Admit the thought and _ |
|
| Count your blessings. |
Focus on your ___ |
|
| Focus on your strengths. |
Be proud of your strengths and make the ___ |
|
| ___ |
It is imperfection that makes you who you are and keep trying to improve. |
|
“We see lots of adults being diagnosed as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (多动症) around age 38,” says Timothy Widens, MD, an professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School. “That’s right around the time people start doing more-tasks, juggling jobs, families, a home, and other personal duties，” he says.
But not everyone who slacks on work or forgets appointments has ADHD; there are plenty of other reasons you may be losing attentions. Here are five things that could be sucking your attention span dry.
1. Technology overload
Your computer, cell phone, and iPod all compete for your attention—no wonder you're distracted(心烦意乱)! To a certain point, your brain can act as secretary, keeping you organized and helping with time management. But the more tasks you try to do, the harder it is for you to stay focused on any single task, research shows. Learning basic organizational skills, like writing down responsibilities and maintaining a day planner, can help reduce these problems. So take a break from constant television, Internet, and email floods
2. Lack of sleep
If you’re missing out on enough shut-eye—most likely seven to eight hours a night—you’re probably easy-angry, dealing with mind fog, and have difficulty addressing daily tasks. That’s a normal reaction, says Dr. Widens.
3. Poor job satisfaction
Sure, everyone’s unhappy at work from time to time—maybe your customer presentation failed or your boss gave you a poor performance review. And if a disorganized working environment or a boring project make it difficult to focus, that's completely normal. But if you find that you often can't complete projects，you probably need medical attention, or a new job.
4. Too much stress
Stress takes side affects on concentration. Researchers at the University of Madison found that the relaxation technique can add to your ability to focus on your mind. Another study, from researchers at UCLA, suggests that in adults with ADHD, meditation improves attention and eases symptoms of anxiety and depression.
5. Too little exercise
Mounting evidence suggests that regular exercise can keep your mind sharp and increase learning and memory ability. It’s even more important in adults with ADHD. ” My patients who exercise all report that they see improvement in attention,” says Dr. Widens. Working up a sweat can also help you burn off the extra energy that causes you to feel uncomfortable, and it can help you sleep better at night.
Hopefully after you understand these helpful methods, you become more attentive on what you are doing.
| Reasons that You Lose |
|
| Passage outline |
Supporting details |
| The |
To tell us we can improve our concentration by following the five things. |
| Technology overload |
Your computer, cell phone, and iPod all compete for your attention—no wonder you're distracted! So |
| Lack of sleep |
If you’re missing out on enough shut-eye, you are |
| Poor job |
Everyone’s unhappy at work from time to time. When |
| Too much stress |
Stress takes side effects on concentration. Relaxing yourself can |
| Too little exercise |
Mounting evidence suggests that regular exercise can keep your mind sharp and increase learning and memory |
| After |
|
【2015·上海】Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.
Youth sport has the potential to accomplish three important objectives in children’s development. First, sport programs can provide youth with opportunities to be physically active, which can lead to improved physical health. Second, youth sport programs have long been considered important to youth’s psychosocial development, providing opportunities to learn important life skills such as cooperation, discipline, leadership, and self-control. Third, youth sport programs are critical for the learning of motor skills; these motor skills serve as a foundation for future national sport stars and recreational adult sport participants. When coachers develop activities for youth practices and when sport organizations design youth-sport programs, they must consider the implication of deliberate play and deliberate practice.
Research from Telama （2006） states that regular participation in deliberate play or deliberate practice activities during childhood and youth （ages nine to eighteen） increases the likelihood of participation in sports during adulthood by six times for both males and females. Côté （2002） defines deliberate play activities in sport as those designed to maximize enjoyment. These activities are regulated by flexible rules adapted from standardized sport rules and are set up by the children or by an involved adult. Children typically change rules to find a point where their game is similar to the actual sport but still allows for play at their level. For example, children may change soccer and basketball rules to suit their needs and environment （e.g. in the street. on a playing field or in someone’s backyard）. When involved in deliberate play activities, children are less concerned with the outcome of their outcome of their behavior. （whether they win or lose） than with the behavior. （having fun）.
On the other hand, Ericsson （1993） suggests that the most effective learning occurs through involvement in highly structured activities defined as deliberate practice. Deliberate practice activities require effort, produce no immediate rewards, and are motivated by the goal of improving performance rather than the goal of enjoyment. When individuals are involved in deliberate play, they experiment with different combinations of behaviors, but not necessarily in the most effective way to improve performance. In contrast, when individuals are involved in deliberate practice, they exhibit behavior. focused on improving performance by the most effective means available. For example, the backhand skills in tennis could be learned and improved over time by playing matches or by creating fun practice situations. However, players could more effectively improve their backhand performance by practicing drills that might be considered less enjoyable. Although drills are used in most effective means available practice might not be the most enjoyable, they might be the most relevant to improving performance.
（Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS）
Besides the learning of motor skills, what are the other two important objectives of youth sport?
If children participate in deliberate play or deliberate practice activities, they are more likely to________________.
In deliberate play activities, what do children do to maximize enjoyment?
In contrast to deliberate play, deliberate practice is aimed at____________.
【2015·新课标全国I】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Building Trust in a Relationship Again
Trust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences, .Trust is a risk. But you can’t be successful when there’s a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake.
Unfortunately, we’ve all been victims of betrayal. Whether we’ve been stolen from, lied to , misled, or cheated on, there are different levels of losing trust. Sometimes people simply can’t trust anymore, . It’s understandable, but if you’re willing to build trust in a relationship again, we have some steps you can take to get you there.
having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being.
If you’ve been betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance. But there’s a difference between being a victim and living with a “victim mentality”. At some point in all of our lives, we’ll have our trust tested or violated.
You didn’t lose “everything”. Once trust is lost, what is left? Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle, look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life. instead, it’s a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.
| A．Learn to really trust yourself. |
| B．It is putting confidence in someone. |
| C．Stop regarding yourself as the victim. |
| D．Remember that you can expect the best in return. |
E. They’ve been too badly hurt and they can’t bear to let it happen again.
F. This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships.
G. Seeing the positive side of things doesn’t mean you’re ignoring what happened.
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