找出下列单词的正确英文释义(共10小题; 每空1分,满分10分)potential adj. A.agree (to do something)
at random B.well-known person
loan n. C.a problem or disadvantage
autobiographies n. (pl.) D.possible when the necessary conditions exist
drawback n. E.change
convert v. F.is fairly bad
overall adv. G.without any plan or aim
undertake v. E.the
money that someone has borrowedisn’t up to much F.books in which people write about their own lives
personality n. G.generally
SECTION C 写作（满分25分）
Directions: Write an English composition according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
最近，某英文报就“如何处理师生间的矛盾”发起了一个专题讨论。假设你是李华，请你写一篇不少于120词的短文阐述自己的观点。内容包括以下要点：
1. 师生间冲突时有发生，并举例说明；
2. 造成冲突的原因；
3. 解决的方法。
SECTION B (满分10分)
Directions: Read the following passage. Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage.
The world of journalism can be very exciting. Journalists are on the cutting edge of local and global events. Before you take a big step for becoming a journalist, please make sure you are aware the climate for newspaper journalists is especially tough right now.
Once you are sure that a journalism career is right for you, here’s what you need to do.
● Education comes first. Besides understanding how to write well, a degree in journalism, English, and communications are also beneficial to those wishing to pursue a career in journalism. In addition to helping you gain the necessary knowledge, many universities offer employment services to new graduates. Attending journalism school, also called J-school, or journalism college is an investment in your future.
● Pick a specialty (专业). Jobs in journalism vary a lot, so it is important to decide exactly what path you wish to take. For newspaper reporters, you must be flexible and able to think on your feet because stories are often fast-breaking. Deadlines are typically tight, so be prepared to write with speed and accuracy (正确). There are also broadcast journalists, investigative reporters, foreign reporters, sports journalists and so on, which require different skills.
● You’ve got to have the right stuff. No matter which branch of journalism interests you, there are a number of necessary qualities that are common to all. Journalists must have a “nose for news”. Additionally ,Good journalists must use high ethics (高尚的道德规范) at all times. At last, a fair attitude is required for almost all areas of journalism; these jobs require a neutral (中立的) reporting of facts rather than opinions.
● Think big, but start small. Although internships (实习) during your last two years of college equip you with much experience, it is highly unlikely that your first job as a journalist will be high-paying. However, getting a job at a community newspaper or local television station is a good start. Once you are working in the field, you’ll have the chance to prove yourself and actively seek advancement.
Why does the author think that attending journalism schools is an investment in your future? (No more than 14 words) (2 points)
How can a newspaper reporter deal with the problem of tight deadlines? (No more than 6 words) (2 points)
What necessary qualities must all journalists have? (No more than 11 words) (3 points)
What is the purpose of the passage? (No more than 10 words) (3 points)
SECTION A（共10小题；每小题 1分，满分10分）
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the numbered blanks by using the information from the passage. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.
Ready to give up long showers, water parks, and unlimited water gushing（喷涌） out of your taps? A new study says more than three-hundred-thirty-five-million people are faced with water shortage now. The oceans are full, of course. But the liquid—fresh, clean water for drinking and watering crops is in short supply in many parts of the world. Rivers are running low, lakes are shrinking, streams have stopped flowing, and groundwater is being pumped dry. However, the demand for water keeps increasing. So there comes inevitably the water crisis!
What is causing the crisis? Experts say it is a complex combination of climate change and rapid population growth. On the one hand, global climate change threatens to reduce water supplies due to decreased rainfall. On the other hand, population growth is driving explosive demand for water, prompting rivers in thirsty countries to be tapped for nearly every drop and driving governments to pump out so-called fossil water.
Lack of water may result in several problems. It may increase health problems. Lack of water often means drinking waters are not safe. Lack of water may also result in more international conflict. Countries may have to compete for water in the future. Some countries now get sixty percent of their fresh water from other countries. And lack of water would affect the ability of developing to improve their economies. This is because new industries often need a large amount of water when they are beginning.
One partial answer to the world water shortage, at least for countries near the sea, is to build more desalination plants that change seawater into fresh water. Another suggested solution is for water-rich countries, such as Canada, to sell water to countries which are poor in water. A third suggestion is for countries to adopt ways of increasing the freshwater supply, such as teaching farmers in Africa methods to get clean rainwater. And nearly everyone agreed that the amount of water on our planet can’t be changed, but the way we use it can be if more people realized the problem. Last and the most important, public should be aware of saving water to defeat the water crisis.
Title:
I. Present situation:
★ Rivers are .
★ Lakes are shrinking.
★ Streams have stopped flowing.
★ is drying up.
II. :
★ climate change →decreased rainfall → water supplies
★ population growth →rivers and fossil water to be pumped out
III. Consequences:
★ health problems
★.
★ the affected ability of developing to improve economies
IV. :
★ turning seawater into freshwater
★ water-rich countries selling water to 7 countries
★ exploring methods of getting clean rainwater
★ changing the way people use water
★ arousing of saving water
C
Dreams can be familiar and strange, fantastical or boring, but some dreams might be connected to the mental processes that help us learn. No one knows for certain why people dream, but some dreams might be connected to the mental processes that help us learn. In a recent study, scientists found a connection between nap-time(打盹时的) dreams and better memory in people who were learning a new skill.
In the study, 99 college students between the ages of 18 and 30 each spent an hour on a computer, trying to get through a virtual maze (迷宫). The maze was difficult, and the study participants had to start in a different place each time they tried --- making it even more difficult. They were also told to find a particular picture of a tree and remember where it was.
For the first 90 minutes of a five-hour break, half of the participants stayed awake and half were told to take a short nap. Participants who stayed awake were asked to describe their thoughts. Participants who took a nap were asked about their dream after sleep---and they were awakened within a minute of sleep to describe their dreams.
Stickgold, a neuroscientist (神经科学家), wanted to know what people were dreaming about when their eyes weren’t moving, during sleep.
Four of the 50 people who slept said their dreams were connected to the maze. Some dreamed about the music that had been playing when they were working; others said they dreamed about seeing people in the maze. When these four people tried the computer maze again, they were able to find the tree faster than before their naps.
Stickgold suggests the dream itself doesn’t help a person learn --- it’s the other way around. He suspects that the dream was caused by the brain processed associated with learning.
All four of the people who dreamed about the task had done poorly the first time, which makes Stickgold wonder if the dreams show up when a person finds a new task particularly difficult. People who had other dreams, or people who didn’t take a nap, didn’t show the same improvement.Before having a short nap, participants of the experiment were asked to ___________.
| A．stay in different place in the maze |
| B．design a virtual maze which is difficult to get through |
| C．experience the experiment and try to remember something |
| D．get through a virtual maze on a computer from the same place |
After doing what they were asked on computers, participants ___________.
| A．were divided into two groups to do different things at break |
| B．were so tired as to fall asleep |
| C．felt bored with the experiment and they were sleepy |
| D．were asked to remember their experiment separately |
What can we learn from the passage?
| A．Participants who took a nap were required to express their thought. |
| B．Some dreams may encourage people to invent something new. |
| C．Participants who dreamed about films could finish the task more easily. |
| D．Participants whose dreams had something to do with the maze could find the tree faster. |
According to Stickgold, ____________.
| A．every person may dream about what they learned |
| B．people’s brain processes may still be connected with their learning in their dreams |
| C．once people’s eyes stop moving, they are sued to dream about something |
| D．no matter fantastical or boring, dreams are connected with peoples life |
Which of the following can be the best title for this passage?
| A．Strange Dreams |
| B．Stickgold, a Dream Expert |
| C．Dreaming Makes Better |
| D．Not All Dreams Are True |
B
Chemical Safety
Procedures for handling chemical spills(泄露) and leaks.
Chemical spills and leaks can be broken down into two basic types: simple spills, which you can clean up yourself and complicated spills, which require outside assistance.
If your spill meets ANY of the following conditions, it is a COMPLICATED SPILL.
A person is injured; or
The identity of the chemical is unknown; or
Multiple chemicals are involved; or
The chemical is highly poisonous, flammable (可燃的) or reactive ; or
The spill/leak occurs in a “public space” such as a corridor; or
The spill/leak has the potential to spread to other parts of the building such as through the ventilation (通风) system; or
The clean up procedures are not known or appropriate materials are not readily available; or
The clean up requires a respirator (呼吸器) (including cartridge respirators) to be worn and no personnel have been trained and fit-tested in accordance(一致) with the campus Respiratory Protection Program; or
The spill/leak may endanger the environment by reaching waterways or outside ground, or by going down a drain
If none of the above conditions are met, the spill is defined as a simple spill. You may clean up simple spills in accordance with Chapter 6 of the Chemical Safety Guide. For consultative assistance, call Division of Research Safety (DSR) at 333-2755.
| How to report a complicated spill 1. Evacuate(撤退) to a safe location, and alert others to evacuate. 2. Dial 9-911 from a campus phone. 3. Tell the operator you are calling to report a chemical spill at the University of Illinois. 4. Have the following information ready. Name of chemical Quantity spilled Location of spill (Full building name and room number) Number of people injured or slashed If applicable, the occurrence of a fire or explosion Your name and phone number 5. Have someone knowledgeable about the chemical spilled meet the fire department at the main entrance to your building. Take a Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) of the chemical, if it is readily available. |
Which of the following situation can be classified as a simple spill?
| A．Some spilled liquid causes a fire in the building. |
| B．Yellow and green gases are leaking from the storage room. |
| C．An unknown red chemical is found on the corridor floor. |
| D．A researcher spills his milk all over the lab floor. |
According to the safety instructions, upon discovering a complicated spill on campus, people should _________.
| A．put on a respirator as soon as possible |
| B．refer to Chapter 6 of the Chemical Safety Guide |
| C．get away from the spill and report it to authorities |
| D．call Division of the Research Safety at 333-2755 |
“MSDS” in the passage possibly refers to _____.
| A．a mask |
| B．an explanation about the chemical |
| C．a device |
| D．another kind of chemical |
Who are most possibly the targeted audiences of this article?
| A．Students in the Chemistry Department of a university. |
| B．Researchers working at Chemical Institution of Illinois. |
| C．Members of Division of Research Safety. |
| D．Staff members at a chemical manufacturing company. |
The purpose of the material above is to ____________ .
| A．inform people of the dangers of various chemical spills |
| B．introduce complicated spills and necessary measures in response to them |
| C．encourage students to join the campus Respiratory Protection Program |
| D．compare simple spills and complicated spills |
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