Inventions All Around Us
Every invention has a story. These stories often have a lesson to teach, too. Here are the stories of some everyday household inventions.
Canned Food and the Can Opener—Get It Right!
Peter Durand invented canned food in 1810, but there was a problem. Durand didn't have a good way to open the cans. In 1858, Ezra Warner invented a can opener. It used a piece of metal to cut and remove the top from the can, but it was difficult to use. Finally, in 1870, William Lyman added a wheel to the can opener. The metal went around the top of the can and removed it easily. Finally, people were able to open cans without a lot of work. Canned food was soon popular.
Frozen Food—A Little Good Luck Can Help!
Clarence Birdseye had the chance to go on a trip toe Arctic. When people there caught fish, they put the fish in a container (容器) of ice to freeze it quickly. When people cooked the fish later, it was still good! This gave Birdseye an idea. He thought people could also have this kind of food at home. In 1926, Birdseye invented frozen food. People were able to store food in freezers for a long time.
Air Conditioning—One Answer to Two Problems!
Printing companies make books, so they use a lot of paper. Sometimes, changes in the weather can hurt the paper. In 1902, Willis Carrier invented air conditioning to control the temperature inside his printing company. This saved the paper. People soon realized other benefits of air conditioning. They started to air condition their homes in the summer. Carrier's invention changed the world!When was canned food invented?
| A．In 1810. | B．In 1870. |
| C．In 1902. | D．In 1926. |
After the trip to the Arctic, Clarence Birdseye invented ____________.
| A．canned food | B．can openers |
| C．frozen food | D．air conditioning |
Changes in weather _____________ in Willis Carrier's company.
| A．helped to keep food |
| B．hurt printing paper |
| C．caused health problems |
| D．made rooms comfortable |
47. According to the passage, which of the following may lead to inventions?
| A．People's needs. | B．Public support. |
| C．Modern technology. | D．Practical suggestions. |
This is Jim’s room. It’s not big, but it’s very clean. There is a bed in the room. It’s near the door. Under the bed, there are two balls. There is a desk and a chair near the window. There are two pictures in the room, too. They are on the wall.The balls are ________________.
| A．near the window | B．on the desk |
| C．under the bed | D．beside the desk |
Jim’s bed is _____________.
| A．near the door | B．near the window |
| C．on the bookcase | D．on the wall |
______ are on the wall of Jim’s room.
| A．The books | B．The balls |
| C．The newspapers | D．The pictures |
Many children think mobile phones are cool. Mobile phones have nice colours and you can use it to talk with a friend at anytime and anywhere. In the USA，more than 90 million people use mobile phones. Many of them are children. For children，mobile phones are more than phone calls. They are fashionable.
Most mobile phone users don't know that some health problems have something to do with using mobile phones. Some scientists say that mobile phones give off radiation(辐射) and it may be bad for users. One study shows that mobile phone radiation can make people get some kinds of cancers(癌症). Other scientists say mobile phones have nothing to do with people's health.
Scientists say that people can keep themselves away from mobile phone radiation. One way is to use an earphone(耳机). Or people can make shorter calls.
Many children like mobile phones because they think mobile phones are _______.
| A．cool | B．small | C．cheap | D．their toys |
Which of the following sentences is TRUE?
| A．All scientists think mobile phones are bad for users. |
| B．Some scientists think mobile phones are bad for users. |
| C．Mobile phones are only good to old people. |
| D．Mobile phones are only bad for children. |
The underlined phrase “give off” in Paragraph 3 means" ______" in Chinese.
| A．发出 | B．放弃 | C．拒绝 | D．传播 |
People can ______to keep themselves away from mobile phone radiation.
| A．make longer calls | B．use an earphone |
| C．use more mobile phones | D．use smaller mobile phone |
Americans think much about time. From children they learn to value (珍视) time. As children they are taught to be on time to go to school, to work and to do everything. When they are having a good time, they say that time goes easily. When a person is dying, they say he is living on a borrowed time.
Time is money. Time is knowledge. Time is everything in America. A working American has to work hard for eight hours a day or forty hours a week. This is the working time. In his free time, he also works hard for more money. Even on Saturday and Sunday he also works hard as usual. In the street you can hardly see a man walking slowly. They walk very fast. In fact, they are running.
They love time because time can bring them money and lots of things. But sometimes they also hate time , because they feel they have become servants (仆人)of the clock.What do the Americans mean by “ Time is money”?
| A．If someone has time and works hard , he can make a lot of money. |
| B．It takes quite a lot of time to make money. |
| C．Working hard can bring people health. |
| D．It is not easy to make money. |
Americans think it to be wrong_____
| A．to work early |
| B．to get up early |
| C．to be late for school |
| D．to be on time to do everything |
From this passage we can be sure that ___________.
| A．Americans live in a quick rhythm(节奏) |
| B．Americans live a hard life |
| C．Americans are good at saving time |
| D．Americans always walk fast |
Study the contents page of the book below and choose the right answer to each of the following questions.
| Contents Part I The growth（发展）of Shanghai and its people Chapter 1 The growth of Shanghai 1 Chapter 2 The growth of Shanghai’s population 17 Part II The needs of the people Chapter 3 Our environment 32 Chapter 4 Our food production 47 Chapter 5 Our busy traffic 58 Chapter 6 Supermarkets and shopping centers 71 Chapter 7 Parks and places of interest 86 To our readers 101 |
Where will you find information about Shanghai’s traffic problem?
| A．In Chapter 7. | B．In Chapter 6. |
| C．In Chapter 4. | D．In Chapter 5. |
Below is a diagram (图表) from the book .Between which pages can you find it?
| A．P ages 46-58 | B．P ages 32-46. |
| C．P ages 17-32 | D．P ages 71-86 |
Which of these may be the best title of the book?
| A．The History of Shanghai. |
| B．The Geography of Shanghai. |
| C．Social Studies for Shanghai. |
| D．Something about Old Shanghai |
Do you often dream at night? How do you feel when you dream? Is it useful to our health? “Dreams may be more important than sleep, and we all need to dream,” some scientists say.
Dreams take up about one quarter of our sleeping time. People have several dreams each night. Dreams are like short films. They are usually in colour. Some dreams are like old films. They come to us over and over again. That may be because the dreamer is worrying about something. Dreaming may be a way of trying to find an answer. Some people get new ideas about their work from dreams. They may have been thinking about their work all day. These thoughts can carry over into dreams.
Sometimes we wake up with a good feeling from a dream. But often we can't remember the dream. Dreams can disappear quickly from memory (记忆).
Too much dreaming can be harmful（有害的） . The more we sleep, the longer we dream. The mind is at work when we dream. That is why we may have a long sleep and still wake up tired.The first paragraph(段落) tells us that dream is very .
| A．interesting | B．important |
| C．useful | D．harmful |
It takes people about to dream every night.
| A．one quarter of their sleeping time |
| B．a whole night |
| C．half of their sleeping time |
| D．one or two minutes |
When a dream comes to somebody again and again, it shows .
| A．he often does the work about the dream |
| B．somebody misses him very much |
| C．the dream is very important to him |
| D．he is worrying about something |
According to（根据） the passage, we know dreaming can sometimes.
| A．hurt us badly |
| B．let us think over and over |
| C．help us find new ideas |
| D．wake us up early |
The passage mainly tells us .
| A．what a dream is |
| B．dreams are like films |
| C．too much dreaming is harmful |
| D．we can remember our dreams |
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