Askmostpeopleanywhereintheworl

更新 2022-09-03
科目英语
题型阅读理解
难度中等
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Ask most people anywhere in the world what they want out of life and the reply will probably be: “to be happy.” Ed Deiner, an American psychology professor, has spent his whole professional life studying what makes people happy, comparing levels of happiness between cultures and trying to find out exactly why we enjoy ourselves.
Many people would say that this question does not need an answer. But Professor Deiner has one anyway. “If you’re a cheerful, happy person, your marriage is more likely to last, and you’re more likely to make money and be successful at your job. On average, happy people have stronger immune systems, and there is some evidence that they live longer.”
So who are the world’s happiest people? It depends on how the word is defined. There is individual happiness, the sense of joy we get when we do something we like. But there is also the feeling of satisfaction we get when we know that others respect us and approve of how we behave. According to Professor Deiner, the Western world pursues individual happiness while Asia prefers mutual satisfaction.
“In the West, the individualistic culture means that your mood matters much more than it does in the East. People ask themselves if they are doing what is fun or interesting. They become unhappy when they can’t do any of these things. If you ask people from Japan or China if they are happy, they tend to look at what has gone wrong in their lives. If not much has gone wrong, then they are satisfied.”
People from Spain and other Spanish-speaking countries had the happiest culture, Professor Deiner found. “The biggest cultural difference is to do with pride and shame. Hispanic (西班牙语言的) cultures report much more pride and much less shame than others.”
Income also made a big difference to people’s happiness, but only at the lowest levels. Average income earners in the US were much happier than people in poverty. But millionaires were only a little bit happier than people on average incomes. It seems that money makes us happy when we have enough to feel secure.
According to the passage, happy people enjoy the following benefits EXCEPT ______.

A．a long marriage

B．better health

C．profession success

D．respect from others

In Professor Deiner’s opinion, ______.

A．Asians focus more on others’ respect and approval than westerners

B．Westerners care more about mutual satisfaction than Asians

C．Asians have a culture to enjoy individual happiness

D．Westerners value individual happiness as much as mutual satisfaction

What can be inferred from the fifth paragraph?

A．Hispanic cultures lay stress on pride and shame.

B．Spanish people take too much pride in themselves.

C．Attitude towards pride and shame results in Spanish happiness.

D．If you are from Spain, you are the happiest.

In the last paragraph, the author seems to tell us ______.

A．poor people enjoy the same happiness as millionaires.

B．the higher income one gets, the happier life he lives

C．enough money can make us feel safe and happy

D．average income earners live the happiest life

The passage mainly discusses______.

A．Hispanic cultures

B．reasons for happiness

C．the happiest culture

D．benefits of happiness

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相关试题

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分45分）
第一节：阅读下列短文，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
A
My husband, Tom, is a born shopper. He loves to look at things and to touch them. He likes to compare prices between the same things in different stores. He would never think of buying anything without looking around in several stores. I, on the other hand, am not a shopper. I regard shopping as boring and unpleasant. If I like something and can afford it, I buy it immediately. I never take a time to look around for a good sale or a better deal (交易). Of course my husband and I never go shopping together. Doing shopping together would be too painful for both of us . When it comes to shopping, we go our separate ways.
Sometimes I ask my son Jimmy to buy some food in the shop not far from our home. But he is always absentminded. This was his story.
One day I said to him , “ I hope you won’t forget what I have told you to buy.” “No,” said Jimmy. “ I won’t forget . You want three oranges, six eggs and a pound of meet.”
He went running down the street to the shop. As he ran , he said to himself over and over again , “ Three oranges , six eggs and a pound of meat.”
In the beginning he remembered everything but he stopped several times. Once he saw two men fighting outside a clothes shop until a policeman stopped them. One of them was badly hurt. Then he stopped to give ten cents to a beggar. Then he met some of his friends and he played with them for a while. When he reached the shop, he had forgotten everything except six eggs.
As he walked home, his face became sadder and sadder. When he saw me he said, “ I’m sorry , mum . I have forgotten to buy oranges and the meat . I only remembered to buy six eggs , but I’ve dropped three of them.”
41. The husband loves shopping because _______.
A. he has much money
B. he likes the shops
C. he likes to compare the prices between the same items
D. he has nothing to do but do shopping
42. The wife doesn’t like shopping because _______.
A. she has no money            B. she has no tome
C. she doesn’t love her husband   D. she feels it boring to go shopping
43. They never go shopping together because _________.
A. their ways of shopping are quite different   B. they hate each other
C. they needn’t buy anything for the family    D. they don’t have time for it
44. Jimmy didn’t buy what his mother wanted because _________.
A. the shop was closed that day   B. the policeman stopped him
C. he forgot some of them       D. he gave all the money to the beggar

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E
When we Americans shop at the grocery stores today, we don’t seem to be surprised at the sight of strawberries in the winter or perfect tomatoes from Holland. In the space of a generation, we’ve become accustomed to eating food that’s never grown roots in local soil. In fact, most produce(农产品) grown in the United States travels an average of 1,500 miles before it gets sold.
Trucking, shipping and flying in food from around the country and the globe has a very bad effect on the environment and on public health. Take grapes for example. Every year, nearly 270 million pounds of grapes arrive in California, most of them shipped from Chile to the Port of Los Angeles. Their 5,900-mile journey in cargo ships and trucks gives off 7,000 tons of global warming pollution each year, and enough air pollution to cause dozens of asthma(哮喘) attacks and hundreds of missed school clays in California.
The way we eat has a great influence on the health of the planet. By choosing to eat lower on the food chain, and focusing on local and organic(有机的) produce, we can reduce global warming and air pollution, avoid poisonous chemicals, support local farmers and enjoy fresh, tasty food.
People are rediscovering the benefits of buying local food. How your food is grown, stored, transported, processed and cooked can all influence how it affects climate and the environment. Transportation-related influences are particularly important for imported foods. NRDC calculated the transportation influences of importing fresh produce and wine widely consumed in California. They directly compared the climate and air quality influenced by importing these foods instead of growing and consuming them in California. Their analysis shows that—all else being equal—locally grown foods are a better choice.
72. From the passage we can learn that most produce sold at the grocery stores in the US     .
A. is grown by local farmers                          B. is from foreign countries
C. comes from far away                              D. is out of season
73. What would be the effect of transportation of foods?
A. It pollutes the foods during the transportation.
B. It makes the cost of the foods much higher.
C. It makes the foods less fresh and tasteless.
D. It causes air pollution and global warming.
74. Which of the following may have a bad effect on the health of the planet?
A. Eating higher on the food chain.                 B. Eating locally grown foods.
C. Eating more organic produce.                   D. Eating fresh and tasty foods.
75. The main purpose of the passage is         .
A. to help the local farmers grow and sell their produce
B. to tell people that imported foods are less healthy
C. to warn people of the harmfulness of food transportation
D. to get local people to reject the imported foods

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D
“You’re going to the United States to live? How wonderful! You’re really lucky!”
Does this sound familiar? Perhaps your family and friends said similar things to you when you left home. But does it seem true all the time? Is your life in this new country always wonderful and exciting? A great many facts show that it’s not easy for newcomers to adjust to life in a new culture. They have to experience culture shock.
What causes culture shock? Maybe the weather is unpleasant. Perhaps the customs are different. Perhaps the public service systems such as the telephone, post office, or transportation are difficult to figure out and you make mistakes. The simplest things seem difficult. The language may be difficult. The food may seem strange to you. If you don’t look similar to the natives, you may feel strange. You may feel as ff everyone is watching you. In fact, you are always watching yourself.
Everyone experiences culture shock in some form or another. But culture shock comes as a surprise to most people. A lot of the time, the people with the worst culture shock are the people who never had any difficulties in their own countries. They were active and successful in their community(社区). They had hobbies or pastimes which they enjoyed. When they come to a new country, they do not have the same positions or hobbies as they already had in their countries. They find themselves without a role, almost without an identity. They have to build a new self-image.
Culture shock produces a feeling of disorientation(晕头转向), which may be homesickness, imagined illness, or even paranoia(偏执症). When people feel the disorientation of culture shock, they sometimes feel like staying inside all the time. They want to protect themselves from the unfamiliar environment. They want to create an escape within their room to give themselves a sense of security. This escape does solve the problem of culture shock for the short term, but it does nothing to familiarize the person more with the culture. Familiarity and experience are the long-term ways to settle the problem of culture shock.
67. Who is the passage mainly for?
A. The family and friends of those who came to the US.
B. Those who have got rid of culture shock.
C. People who have just moved to a foreign country.
D. People who can easily adjust their life in the US.
68. The underlined part “you are always watching yourself’” (in Paragraph 3) means         .
A. you are always feeling homesick
B. you are always worried too much about yourself
C. you are always looking at yourself in the mirror
D. you are always nervous about meeting other people
69. Which of the following would be a case of culture shock for newcomers?
A. They have trouble using public telephones.
B. Their positions or hobbies stay the same.
C. They are active and successful in the new community.
D. They have got used to the life in the new country.
70. Which of the following may cause newcomers to lack a sense of security?
A. A new identity.                                      B. Local food.
C. A new serf-image.                                    D. Strange environment.
71. The best way for the newcomers to overcome culture shock is         .
A. to stay inside to protect themselves
B. to make a study of the new hobbies
C. to adapt themselves to the new environment
D. to ask people for help when having difficulties

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C
Your home is a reflection of you…
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At Award Windows & Doors we believe in building what you want rather than trying to persuade you to want what we have already built.
Call us today and we will be happy to find out how we can build our windows and doors just for you and your home.
Jordan Primeau
Ph: (403) 850-4174 Fax: (403) 451-1472
E-mail: jprimeau@ awardwindoors.com
Josh Stover
Ph: (403) 982-1107 Fax: (403) 982-1107
E-mail: jstover@ awardwindoors.com
www. Awardwindowsanddoors.com
**************************************************************************
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That’s why we make windows that count. Our energy efficient windows will provide the best comfort for your family and will save money on your energy bills all the year round. So you can concentrate on giving your family the things that matter most.
Contact us to find out how our energy efficient windows can help you save on your energy costs all the year round, or visit us at our Renovations Showroom.
3900-106 Ave SE, Calgary, AB
( 403 ) 720-8055
www. allweatherwindows, com
64. According to the ads, the two companies are both expert at        .
A. making windows and doors that suit the look of your home
B. persuading people to want what have already been built
C. building windows that help save your energy costs
D. building your doors completely to your taste
65. The two ads are most probably about        .
A. managing money matters                         B. environmental protection
C. architecture styles                              D. home improvement & design
66. If you prefer comfort as well as energy efficiency, you can       .
A. call (403) 982-1107 or (403) 720-8055
B. call (403) 720-8055 or visit www.allweatherwindows.com
C. call at All Weather Windows or Award Windows & Doors
D. visit Renovations Showroom or Award Windows & Doors

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B
For a song to become popular, people need to bear it. In order for people　to hear it, the program directors at radio stations have to play it on the air. A song’s popularity is directly related to how often it is played. That is a big responsibility for program directors. How do they decide what gets played and what doesn’t?
In the past, disc jockeys(音乐节目主持人) decided what music was played on the radio. These DJs had an ear for music and an understanding of what their audience wanted to hear. Today, that is all changing. Most major radio stations are owned by a few large national businesses. The decision of what gets played on the radio is made by executives(主管) who have little or no interest in music. They do, however, know how to run a business, and they know what sells. So, the music industry designs and creates pop entertainers, and executives in the radio industry make sure that their music is played on the radio. This explains why you do not often hear anything new and fresh on the radio. The executives do not want to give air time to music that has not been tested on the market. It is too risky. They prefer to go with music that they already know will sell. They know it will sell because it sold last week and last month and last year. They just have to change it a little.
One of the most criticized(批评) practices in the music industry is the practice of “payola”. This is when record companies pay radio stations to play the music of a given artist. This practice makes many people lose trust in the music industry and is therefore against the law. A radio station can accept money in exchange for air time of a song, but they have to make it clear that the song is being played because its air time was paid for. They cannot present the song as if it were part of the normal play schedule(时刻表).
Payola affects both artists and audiences. The artists who work with small record companies that cannot pay a lot of money to radio stations have a much harder time getting exposure. It creates an unfair playing field. Music lovers suffer because they are not able to hear all the music that is available.
60. According to the passage, most major radio stations belong to       .
A. national businesses                      B. program directors
C. pop entertainers                         D. record companies
61. “Payola” is the practice of        .
A. artists paying radio stations to play their songs
B. record companies buying air time for certain music
C. radio station paying record company for new songs
D. program directors deciding what music gets played
62. Who can make the largest profits from payola?
A. Disc Jockeys.                               B. The given artists.
C. Business executives.                        D. Program directors.
63. It can be concluded from the passage that the author        .
A. has a positive attitude towards the practice of “payola”
B. is dissatisfied with the present situation in music industry
C. is calling for a change in the normal play schedule
D. thinks that the radio stations are doing the right thing

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