The most famous animal said to be capable of counting was a horse in Germany at the beginning of the 19th century called Clever Hans. The horse’s owner that animals could think and reason as we can and that this could come from training them. He trained Clever Hans to give the to arithmetic (算术的) problems; the horse gave the correct answer by the right number of times with its forefoot. The animal gave the correct answers not only to additions but to other arithmetic, too. It also gave the right answers when the questions were shown to it on a card.
This was talked about so much that scientists studied the horse’s . The committee, after a(n) study, found that Clever Hans’ owner and trainer was . He had not deliberately trained his horse to stop tapping by giving it a slight . Members of the committee got the right answers from Hans when the owner wasn’t there, that this type of trickery (诡计) hadn’t happened.
It looked as if the horse really could think and . But soon after this another scientist found that if the horse was asked questions to which none of the people there knew the answers, then the animal gave a correct answer. The questions were asked by showing the horse a card that the questioner himself had not .
This biologist soon discovered that the horse had actually to very slight unconscious (下意识的) movements of head or body made by a questioner who knew the number of taps. He counted the taps to himself, and when the horse got to the right number, the questioner’s tension (紧张感) was by a small, unconscious movement of his head or body. The horse then tapping. Questioners who didn’t know the answer didn’t do this. The horse had really itself to answer these very small during its training.
A．believed B．remembered C．expected D．doubted
A．chance B．knowledge C．method D．ability
A．explanations B．information C．answers D．facts
A．jumping B．tapping C．moving D．dropping
A．problem B．program C．case D．model
A．interests B．activities C．habits D．powers
A．careful B．simple C．general D．extra
A．honest B．creative C．independent D．patient
A．praise B．hint C．trust D．attention
A．still B．nearly C．even D．only
A．knowing B．considering C．pretending D．proving
A．work B．play C．count D．argue
A．never B．sometimes C．always D．ever
A．designed B．read C．improved D．answered
A．responded B．returned C．complained D．compared
A．various B．correct C．strange D．direct
A．ignored B．checked C．offered D．shown
A．Practiced B．continued C．stopped D．began
A．permitted B．taught C．regretted D．forced
A．suggestions B．instructions C．questions D．movements
第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题l分，满分20分）
A friend of mine met with an accident driving in darkness. His legs were so hurt that he couldn’t move. What was the 36 was he found himself unable to ask for help—his mobile phone went out of 37 as a result of exhausted battery. Nothing could be done but to 38 in cold wilderness. It was 8 hours later that day broke, and then the 39 of the rescue. It is almost 40 that he could stand the horror in the darkness for so long. Even more surprising was his 41 : “First of all I checked up my 42 conditions and found myself not in fatal danger. As there was no 43 to call for help, I leaned back in my seat trying my best to keep the wound from 44 . In this way I dozed（打盹）off. ”His story put an end to my regret for the 45 of an exploration adventure that happened last year. A group of young men 46 to explore a mountain cave and got lost. 47 to find a way out in the dark cave they were frightened and ran anxiously without a sense of 48 . Finally they fell dead in fear and exhaustion. According to the 49 people that found them, the place where they got lost was only about 10 meters away from the 50 of the cave. If they stayed on the spot when they lost their way and tried to 51 themselves, they would probably sense a faint light glimmering（闪烁）not far away. Don’t you think that you can compare it with 52 itself? When you meet with obstacles in life and work, you are lost in darkness. 53 you it’s unclear yet and you needn’t put up struggle 54 . It seems to be a negative attitude, 55 a person who can afford to do so must have foresight as well as a great courage in the first place. 36. A. hopeless B. worst C. more D. best37. A. service B. way C. order D. work38. A. cry B. lie C. wait D. sleep39. A. delay B. success C. team D. arrival40. A. untrue B. unimaginable C. true D. useless41. A. plan B. decision C. explanation D. excuse42. A. physical B. mental C. working D. medical43. A. method B. way C. alternative D. strength44. A. rotting B. spreading C. hurting D. bleeding45. A. loss B. failure C. disappointment D. sadness46. A. had B. managed C. tried D. planned47. A. Willing B. Unable C. Determined D. Deciding48. A. hearing B. sight C. feeling D. direction49. A. rescue B. village C. local D. brave50. A. end B. top C. opening D. side51. A. save B. help C. stop D. calm52. A. adventure B. work C. life D. mankind53. A. Mind B. Watch C. Imagine D. Warn54. A. really B. immediately C. carefully D. hopefully55. A. and B. so C. but D. while
第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意,然后在31—45 各题所给的四个选项（A/B/C/D）中选出可以填入空白出的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将选项涂黑。
It was Mother’s Day. I was so busy with my work that I couldn’t 36 _ back home. When I passed by a 37 shop, an 38 came to my mind, “I’ll send Mum some roses.”
While I was 39 my flowers, a young man went inside. “How many roses can I get 40 only five dollars, Madam?” he asked. The assistant was trying to tell him roses were as 41 as forty dollars a dozen---- Maybe he would be happy with carnations （康乃馨）. “ No, I 42 have red roses,” he said, “my mum was 43 ill last year and I didn’t spend much time with her. Now I want to get something special, roses, as rose is her 44 .”
After hearing it, I said I would pay 45 of the money for the young man. 46 by both of us, the assistant said, “well, lovely young men, thirty dollars a dozen, only for you.” Taking the roses, the young man almost jumped into the 47 and ran out of the shop. It was 48 worth twenty-five dollars I paid to see the exciting 49 . Then I paid for my dozen of roses and told the assistant to 50 them to my mother.
As I walked out, I felt 51 . Suddenly I saw the young man crossing the street and going into a park. But soon I 52 it was not a park 53 a cemetery. Crying, the young man carefully 54 the roses, “Mum, why didn’t I tell you how much I loved you? God, please help me find my mum and tell her I love her.”
Seeing this, I turned and quickly walked to the 55 . I would take the flowers home myself.
36 A. go B. come C. return D. turn
37 A. jewellery B. clothing C. rose D. flower
38 A. fact B. word C. idea D. picture
39 A. picking B. picking up C. selling D. showing
40 A. with B. for C. at D. on
41 A. much B. cheap C. expensive D. high
42 A. might B. have to C. should D. can
43 A. a bit B. hardly C. badly D. nearly
44 A. flower B. favorite C. dream D. gift
45 A. all B. some C. the rest D. much
46 A. Surprised B. Pleased C. Excited D. Moved
47 A. roses B. assistant C. air D. street
48 A. very B. well C. not D. only
49 A. moment B. time C. scenery D. incident
50 A. give B. offer C. present D. send
51 A. relaxed B. amazed C. shameful D. nice
52 A. understood B. realized C. learned D. was told
53 A. and B. or C. nor D. but
54 A. laid B. lay C. buried D. grew
55 A. man B. street C. shop D. cemetery
第二节：完形填空(共20小题，每小题l.5分．满分30分)
阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从36—55题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项．
It was the district track meeting, which we had been training for all seasons. My foot still hadn't healed from a(n) 36 injury. Actually I had hesitated whether or not to 37 the meet. But there I was, preparing for the 3,200-meter run.
"Ready... set..." The gun popped and off we were. The other girls ran ahead of me. I found myself limping(跛) and felt ashamed as I 38 farther and farther behind.
The first-place runner was two laps(圈) ahead of me when she crossed the finish line. "Hooray!" the 39 shouted with the loudest cheer I had ever heard at a meeting.
"Maybe I should quit," I 40 as I limped on. "Those people wouldn't like to wait for me to finish this race." Somehow, 41 , I decided to keep going. During the last two laps, I ran 42 and decided not to compete in track next year. I couldn't beat the girl who lapped me twice, even if my foot did 43 .
When I finished, I heard a cheer-just as 44 as the one the first-place girl received "What was that all about?" I asked myself. I turned around and sure enough, the boys were preparing for their race. "They 45 be cheering for the boys."
I went 46 to the bathroom where a girl came across me and said, "Wow, you've got courage!"
I thought, "Courage? She must be 47 me for someone else. I just 48 a race! I would have never been able to finish those two miles 49 I were you. What happened to your foot? We were cheering for you. Did you hear us?"
I couldn't believe it. A(n) 50 stranger had cheered for me-not for my victory, but for my perseverance. Suddenly I 51 hope. I decided to stick with track next year. One girl saved my 52 .
That day I learned two things. First, a 53 kindness and confidence in people can make a great difference to them. Second, strength and courage aren't measured in the 54 and victories. They are measured in the struggles we 55 .
36. A. earlier B. smaller C. simpler D. later
37. A. mention B. present C. attend D. watch
38. A. left B. dropped C. moved D. fell
39. A. competitors B. crowd C. public D. team
40. A. swore B. discouraged C. determined D. thought
41. A. however B. merely C. therefore D. too
42. A. in surprise B. in a hurry C. in pain D. in panic
43. A. hurt B. heal C. harm D. cure
44. A. different B. same C. enthusiastic D. outstanding
45. A. may B. would C. must D. could
46. A. soon B. around C. straight D. opposite
47. A. recognizing B. tricking C. knowing D. mistaking
48. A. won B. defeated C. lost D. missed
49. A. as if B. in ease C. though D. if
50. A. complete B. new C. crazy D. excited
51. A. returned B. rewarded C. readapted D. regained
52. A. life B. face C. dream D. trouble
53. A. little B. useful C. rare D. valueless
54. A. possessions B. medals C. words D. smiles
55. A. get across B. get in C. get over D. get to
第二节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从36-50各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
When a person is curious about something, it means he is 36 in it and wishes to know something about it. We can say he has curiosity about that thing. There is nothing wrong with curiosity in itself. Whether it is good or bad 37 on what people are curious about.
Curiosity 38 can be silly or wrong. Some people with nothing to do are 39 of curiosity about what their neighbours are doing. They are anxious to know what they are eating or drinking, what they are 40 home or taking outside, or why they have come home so early or late. To be interested in these things is silly because they are not important. It is none of their 41 to know what their neighbours do or are doing. Such curiosity is not only foolish but also harmful. Most probably, it may 42 to small talk which often brings harm, shame or disrespect to 43 , and thus 44 their feelings.
On the other hand, there is a noble (高尚的) curiosity — curiosity of wise men, who wonder at all the great things and try to find out all they 45 about them. Columbus would never have found America if he had not been 46 . James Watt would not have made the steam engine 47 his curiosity about the rising of the kettle lid. All the discoveries in human history have been made 48 a result of curiosity, 49 the curiosity is never about unimportant things which have 50 — or nothing to do with the happiness of the public.
| 36. A. engaged 37. A. keeps |
B. pleased B. puts |
C. interested C. takes |
D. excited D. depends |
| 38. A. always |
B. sometimes |
C. seldom |
D. never |
| 39. A. full 40. A. taking 41. A. work 42. A. refer 43. A. other |
B. fond B. bringing B. housework B. lead B. others |
C. proud C. going C. duty C. cause C. another |
D. out D. coming D. business D. bring D. the others |
| 44. A. hurts |
B. effects |
C. shows |
D. destroys |
| 45. A. need |
B. must |
C. may |
D. can |
| 46. A. famous |
B. careful |
C. curious |
D. hard |
| 47. A. for |
B. without |
C. with |
D. in |
| 48. A. as |
B. in |
C. on |
D. of |
| 49. A. so |
B. however |
C. but |
D. or |
| 50. A. much |
B. little |
C. some |
D. any |
第二部分：语言知识及应用(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 完形填空(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21—30各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
The finest and most sought-after (广受欢迎的) violins were handcrafted by an Italian violin maker over 250 years ago. The man’s name was Antonius Stradivarius. He was born in 1644 and began his career 21 a violin maker’s apprentice (学徒). Working on his own by 1680, he became determined to make 22 that could reproduce tones as rich as those produced by the human voice. He 23 several shapes and styles for his violins until he arrived at a design that pleased him. During his career he crafted 1,100 violins. Those in 24 have become treasured possessions.
Unfortunately, the secret of the Stradivarius violin died with its maker. During his lifetime Stradivarius kept his notes safely 25 , even his two sons, who helped him in his workshop, did not know all the steps involved in each violin’s construction.
Through the years, many experts have offered 26 explanations for the unique tone of a “Strad”. Some say it is due to the violin’s shape. Others suggest that the secret 27 the special properties (特性) of the wood, which Stradivarius obtained from native Italian trees that no longer exist. The most widely accepted explanation is that it is created by the varnish（清漆）that the 28 used to coat his violins. Chemists have analyzed as closely as possible the varnish and have found its 29 has improved the sound of many violins. 30 , no other violin maker has been able to fully reproduce the tone of the Stradivarius’s violins.
21． A．with B．as C．for D．from
22． A．instruments B．facilities C．equipment D．tools
23． A．investigated B．surveyed C．tested D．experimented
24． A．fashion B．existence C．possession D．use
25． A．protected B．buried C．hidden D．covered
26． A．possible B．accurate C．detailed D．persuasive
27． A．brings in B．takes in C．results in D．lies in
28． A．master B．violinist C．expert D．user
29． A．attention B．application C．invention D．foundation
30． A．Additionally B．Luckily C．Therefore D．Still
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