Fewpeoplewouldquestionthevalue

更新 2022-09-03
科目英语
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Few people would question the value of taking part in sportsfor young people. With proper training, supervision, protectiveequipment and techniques, and a proper emphasis on winning, sports can develop a healthy body and spirit and a life-long interestin being active and fit. Without such measures, childhood sports canlead to injuries and even paralysis or death.
Even in the best conditions, no activity can be risk-free. Butmost serioushazards are preventable. Cyclists and football playerscan reduce their risks by wearing helmets ； hockey players by wearing masks ； basketball and tennis players by wearing eye guards ；baseball players by wearing batting helmets.
Besides, risks to individual players can often be found, andthus prevented, through a properly performed medical exam before achild plays. For accidents that may not be preventable, having anemergency plan and first-aid equipment, and someone trained to usethe equipment, can be lifesaving.
Still, each year, according to the American College of SportsMedicine, more than 775，000 children under 14 are treated inemergency rooms for sports injuries, nearly half of them preventable. An estimated 300，000 athletes experience exercise-relatedhead illnesses each year, and almost all of them should have been avoided.
Further, from half to three-fourths of sports-related concussions(脑震荡）are never even diagnosed ；the injured are often sent backto play too soon and put at risk of another more serious brain-damaging concussion. To help reduce these risks, the National Center forSports Safety, with the National Athletic Trainers' Association, offersa three-hour online safety course for coaches for 28 at www. SportsSafety.org.
Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A．All the accidents can be prevented.

B．All the accidents cannot be prevented.

C．Lives can be saved so long as there is proper equipment.

D．Lives cannot be saved even if there is proper equipment.

What does the underlined word "hazards " (in Paragraph 2 )mean?

A．Mistakes.	B．Diseases.
C．Dangers.	D．Situations.

It is implied in the passage that __________.

A．prevention of injuries is not paid enough attention to

B．children under 14 are more easily hurt in sports

C．most head illnesses are related with exercise

D．none of the head illnesses should have happened

What can coaches mainly learn from the online safety course?

A．How to cure brain-damaging concussion.

B．How to diagnose brain-damaging concussion.

C．How to predict the possibility of brain damage.

D．How to deal with the injured properly.

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E
Mass transportation revised the social and economic fabric（结构） of the American city in three fundamental ways. It catalyzed（加速） physical expansion, it sorted out people and land uses, and it accelerated the inherent instability of urban life. By opening vast areas of unoccupied land for residential expansion, the omnibuses, horse railways, commuter trains, and electric trolleys pulled settled regions outward two to four times more distant form city centers than they were in the premodern era. In 1850, for example, the borders of Boston lay scarcely two miles from the old business district; by the turn of the century the radius extended ten miles. Now those who could afford it could live far removed from the old city center and still commute there for work, shopping, and entertainment. The new accessibility of land around the periphery（周围）of almost every major city sparked an explosion of real estate development and fueled what we now know as urban sprawl. Between 1890 and 1920, for example, some 250,000 new residential lots were recorded within the borders of Chicago, most of them located in outlying areas. Over the same period, another 550,000 were plotted outside the city limits but within the metropolitan area. Anxious to take advantage of the possibilities of commuting, real estate developers added 800,000 potential building sites to the Chicago region in just thirty years – lots that could have housed five to six million people.
Of course, many were never occupied; there was always a huge surplus of subdivided, but vacant, land around Chicago and other cities. These excesses underscore a feature of residential expansion related to the growth of mass transportation: urban sprawl（建筑物无计划延伸） was essentially unplanned. It was carried out by thousands of small investors who paid little heed to coordinated land use or to future land users. Those who purchased and prepared land for residential purposes, particularly land near or outside city borders where transit lines and middle-class inhabitants were anticipated, did so to create demand as much as to respond to it. Chicago is a prime example of this process. Real estate subdivision （再划分小区）there proceeded much faster than population growth.
72．With which of the following subjects is the passage mainly concerned?
A．Types of mass transportation.
B．Instability of urban life.
C．How supply and demand determine land use.
D．The effect of mass transportation on urban expansion.
73．Why does the author mention both Boston and Chicago?
A．To demonstrate positive and negative effects of growth.
B．To exemplify cities with and without mass transportation.
C．To show mass transportation changed many cities.
D．To contrast their rate of growth.
74．According to the passage, what was one disadvantage of residential expansion?
A．It was expensive.
B．It happened too slowly.
C．It was unplanned.
D．It created a demand for public transportation.
75．The author mentions Chicago in the second paragraph as an example of a city,
A．that is large.
B．that is used as a model for land development.
C．where the development of land exceeded population growth.
D．with an excellent mass transportation system.

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D
The income gap between China's rural and urban residents(居民) has continued to widen during the past few years in spite of rapidly rising rural incomes, Agricultural Minister Sun Zhengcai said here on Wednesday.
The income ratio(比率) between urban and rural residents was 3.28:1 in 2006, against 3.23:1 in 2003, said Sun in his report on the promotion of building a new countryside in 2007. Sun also said the net income of rural residents in different regions also varied widely. The income gap is only one of several problems in rural areas, according to Sun's report. While listing the achievements in rural areas in recent years, Sun believed that rural development still followed behind urban development.
"We have bigger pressure to ensure the supply of major agricultural products such as grain," he said. "China's urbanization(都市化) has been speeded up and more rural residents have gone to urban areas," he said.
"In this case, more agricultural producers become farm produce consumers, which created more pressure for supply," he said.
Another problem facing China's agricultural development is inadequate application of science and technology.
"Only 30 percent of scientific and technological achievements have been applied to agricultural production, which is 40 percentage points lower than developed countries," he said.
Despite increased government spending in rural areas, the infrastructure(基础下部组织) is still poor and easily hit by disasters.
According to Sun, the government spent 431.8 billion yuan ($59.15 billion) on agriculture, rural areas and farmers this year, an increase of 80.1 billion yuan over the previous year.
China set aside 11.38 billion yuan to promote a new rural cooperative medical care system and 27.98 billion yuan to support the new compulsory education mechanism in rural area to ensure that all citizens shared the fruits of China's reform and opening-up, Sun said.
68．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?
A．Because of the rapidly rising rural incomes, the income gap between China's rural and urban residents will disappear this year.
B．The net income of rural residents in different regions is the same.
C．The government has taken measures to develop the economy in the rural areas.
D．Because of the rapidly rising rural incomes, the supply of major agricultural products is enough.
69．Can you infer the meaning of the underlined words in paragraph 5?
A．be made full use of       B．be made little use of
C．be not made full use of         D．be made good use of
70． How much is spent on agriculture, rural areas and farmers the previous year?
A．431.8 billion yuan         B．511.9 billion yuan
C．351.7 billion yuan         D．80.1 billion yuan
71． Which is NOT the problem in rural areas?
A．The income gap
B．The inadequate application of science and technology
C．The supply of major agricultural products
D．China's urbanization

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C
Some futurologists have assumed that the vast upsurge(剧增)of women in the workforce may portend a rejection of marriage. Many women, according to this hypothesis, would rather work than marry. The converse(反面)of this concern is that the prospects of becoming a multi-paycheck household could encourage marriage. In the past, only the earnings and financial prospects of the man counted in the marriage decision. Now, however, the earning ability of a woman can make her more attractive as a marriage partner. Data show that economic downturns tend to putting off marriage because the parties cannot afford to establish a family or are concerned about rainy days ahead. As the economy comes to life, the number of marriages also rises.
The increase in divorce rates follows to the increase in women working outside the home. Yet, it may be wrong to jump to any simple cause-and-effect conclusions. The impact of a wife’s work on divorce is no less cloudy than its impact on marriage decisions. The realization that she can be a good provider may increase the chances that a working wife will choose divorce over an unsatisfactory marriage. But the reverse is equally plausible(似是而非的). Tensions grounded in financial problems often play a key role in ending a marriage. By raising a family’s standard of living, a working wife may strengthen her family’s financial and emotional stability.
Psychological factors also should be considered. For example, a wife blocked from a career outside the home may feel caged in the house. She may view her only choice as seeking a divorce. On the other hand, if she can find fulfillment through work outside the home, work and marriage can go together to create a stronger and more stable union.
Also, a major part of women’s inequality in marriage has been due to the fact that, in most cases, men have remained the main breadwinners. A working wife may rob a husband of being the master of the house. Depending upon how the couple reacts to these new conditions, it could create a stronger equal partnership or it could create new insecurities.
64．The word “portend” (Line 2, Para.1) is closest in meaning to“_____”.
A．defy B．signal C．suffer from D．result from
65．It is said in the passage that when the economy slides_____.
A．men would choose working women as their marriage partners
B．more women would get married to seek financial security
C．even working women would worry about their marriages
D．more people would prefer to remain single for the time being
66．One reason why women with no career may seek a divorce is that_____.
A．they feel that they have been robbed of their freedom
B．they are afraid of being bossed around by their husbands
C．they feel that their partners fail to live up to their expectations
D．they tend to suspect their husbands? loyalty to their marriage
67．Which of the following statements can best summarize the authors view in the passage?
A．The stability of marriage and the divorce rate may reflect the economic situation of the country．
B．Even when economically independent, most women have to struggle for real equality in marriage.
C．In order to secure their marriage women should work outside the home and remain
independent
D．The impact of the growing female workforce on marriage varies from case to case.

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C
The United States is one of the few countries in the world that has an official day on which fathers are honored by their children．On the third Sunday in June, fathers all across the United States are given presents, treated to dinner or otherwise made to feel special．
However, the idea for creating a day for children to honor their fathers began in Spokane, Washington．A woman by the name of Sonora Smart Dodd thought of the idea for Father’s Day while listening to a Mother’s Day sermon（布道）in 1909．Having been raised by her father, Henry Jackson Smart, after her mother died, Sonora wanted her father to know how special he was to her．It was her father that made all the parental sacrifices and was, in the eyes of his daughter, a selfless and loving man．Sonora’s father was born in June, so she chose to hold the first Father’s Day celebration in Spokane, Washington on the 19th of June, 1910．
In 1924 President Calvin Coolidge declared the third Sunday in June as Father’s Day．Roses are the Father’s Day flowers: red to be worn for a living father and white if the father has died．
When children can’t visit their fathers or take them out to dinner, they send a greeting card．Traditionally, fathers prefer greeting cards that are not too sentimental（感伤的）．Most greeting cards are too special so fathers laugh when they open them．Some give heartfelt thanks for being there whenever the child needed Dad．
64．The United States is special in Father’s Day because ______．
A．many people celebrate the day          B．only America celebrates the day
C．America makes it an official day D．all men are honored in America
65．At first, Father’s Day was fixed on June 19th because ______．
A．Sonora honored her father on her father’s birthday
B．Sonora’s birthday was June 19
C．it was decided by the president at that time
D．her mother died on June 19
66．How many years had passed before Father’s Day became an official day since the father’s day was celebrated?
A．4         B．10      C．14       D．24
67．According to the passage, on Father’s Day, ______．
A．people will wear the same flowers to honor their fathers
B．only daughters wear red flowers to honor their fathers
C．children must go home to honor their fathers
D．fathers are often honored in different ways
68．According to the passage, we can infer that Henry Jackson Smart ______．
A．was very kind to anyone      B．did a lot for his daughter
C．was the first father honored in 1924    D．always help others by giving money

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第三部分阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
There are two types of people in the world．Although they have equal degree of health and wealth and other comforts of life, one becomes happy and the other becomes unhappy．This arises from the different ways in which they consider things, persons, events and the resulting effects upon their minds．
People who are to be happy fix their attention on the convenience of things: the pleasant parts of conversation, the well prepared dishes, the goodness of the wine and the fine weather．They enjoy all the cheerful things．Those who are to be unhappy think and speak only of the opposite things．Therefore, they are continually dissatisfied．By their remarks, they sour the pleasure of society, offend（hurt） many people, and make themselves disagreeable everywhere．If this turn of mind was founded in nature, such unhappy persons would be the more to be pitied．The intention of criticizing（批评） and being disliked is perhaps taken up by imitation（模仿）．It grows into a habit, unknown to its possessors．The habit may be strong, but it may be cured when those who have it realize its bad effects on their interests and tastes．I hope this little warning may be of service to them, and help them change this habit．
Although in fact it is chiefly an act of the imagination, it has serious results in life since it brings on deep sorrow and bad luck．Those people offend many others; nobody loves them, and no one treats them with more than the most common politeness and respect．This frequently puts them in bad temper and draws them into arguments．If they aim at getting some advantages in social position or fortune, nobody wishes them success．Nor will anyone start a step or speak a word to favor their hopes．If they bring on themselves public objections, no one will defend or excuse them, and many will join to criticize their wrongdoings．These should change this bad habit and be pleased with what is pleasing, without worrying needlessly about themselves and others．If they do not, it will be good for others to avoid any contact（接触） with them．Otherwise, it can be disagreeable and sometimes very inconvenient, especially when one becomes mixed up in their quarrels．
56．People who are unhappy _______．
A．always consider things differently from others
B．usually are affected by the results of certain things
C．usually misunderstand what others think or say
D．always discover the unpleasant side of certain things
57．We can conclude from the passage that _______．
A．we should pity all such unhappy people
B．such unhappy people are dangerous to social life
C．people can get rid of the habit of unhappiness
D．unhappy people can not understand happy persons
58．If such unhappy persons insist on keeping the habit, the author suggests that people should ____．
A．prevent any communication with them
B．show no respect and politeness to them
C．persuade them to recognize the bad effects
D．quarrel with them until they realize the mistakes
59．In this passage, the writer mainly _______．
A．describes two types of people
B．laughs at the unhappy people
C．suggests the unhappy people should get rid of the habits of unhappiness
D．tells people how to be happy in life

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