Researchers have found that people's mental abilities hit the highest point at 22 before beginning to get worse just five years later.
Professor Timothy Salthouse said the results told us that treatment which was planned to prevent or make overage-connected conditions better may need to start earlier, long before people become retired (退休).
"Almost half of those over 50 is not clear about the main cause of the fall of mental abilities. Results show that the age-connected cognitive decline (认知衰退) begin in healthy, educated adults when they are in their 20s and 30s, " he said. Tests like those are often used to show mental disabilities and the falling, including dementia (痴呆症).
The research by the University of Virginia found that in nine out of 12 tests the common age at which the top performance appeared was 22.
The first age at which performance was much lower than the highest scores was 27—for three tests about reasoning, speed of thought and space imagination.
Memory was shown to fall from the average age of 37. In the other tests, poorer results were shown by the age of 42.
However, the report published in the magazine "Neurobiology Of Ageing", found that abilities that are based on collected knowledge, such as performance on tests of getting vocabulary (词汇) or general information, increased until at the age of 60.
The study of 2, 000 men and women lasted over seven years. The people attending the study, aged between 18—60, were asked to do picture puzzles, remember words and stories and mark patterns in letters and signs.
Twenty-seven has long had unhelpful connotations (隐含意义), as it is the age at which many popular musicians died, including Jimi Hendrix, Jim Morrison, Brian Jones, Janis Joplin and Kurt Cobain. Which of the following is NOT true?
| A．People's mental abilities perform best at 22. |
| B．People's mental abilities begin to get worse at 27. |
| C．People's mental abilities have nothing to do with age. |
| D．Many people don't know what cause mental abilities' falling. |
The tests of the study were planned to find __________.
| A．the difference of males and females |
| B．ways to help the people find better jobs |
| C．better ways to treat dementia of some old people |
| D．age has an effect on performance of mental abilities |
People at the age of 27 perform worse mainly at __________.
| A．reasoning, speed of thought and space imagination |
| B．getting vocabulary or general information |
| C．all of the mental abilities |
| D．only the ability of memory |
What is the best title of the passage?
| A．Twenty-seven Has Long Been Unhelpful |
| B．Mental Abilities Start to Fall at 27 |
| C．27 Musicians Died Earlier |
| D．How to Get Better Mental Abilities |
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In Africa, listening is a guiding principle .It’s a principle that’ been lost in the constant chat of the Western world .From my own past experience , I noticed how much faster I had to answer a question during a TV interview .It is as if we have completely lost the ability to listen .We talk and talk , and we end up frightened by silence .
Everywhere, people on the African continent write and tell stories. Even the nomads(流浪者)who still live in the Kalahari Desert are said to tell one another stories on their daylong wanderings, during which they search for roots and animals to hunt.
A number of years ago I sat down on a stone bench outside the Teatro Avenida in Maputo, Mozambique, where I worked as an artistic consultant. It was a hot day, and we were taking a break, hoping that a cool gentle wind would move past. Two old African men were sitting on that bench, but there was room for me, too. In Africa people share more than just water. Even when it comes to shade, people are generous.
I heard the two men talking about a third old man who had recently died. One of them said, “I was visiting him at his home. He started to tell me an amazing story about something that had happened to him when he was young. But it was a long story. Night came, and I decided that I should come back the next day to hear the rest. But when I arrived, he was dead.”
The man fell silent. I decided not to leave that bench until I heard how the other man would respond to what he’d heard. Finally he, too, spoke. “That’s not a good way to die—before you’ve told the end of your story.”
What separates us from animals is the fact that we are storytelling creatures and we can listen to other people’s dreams, fears, joys, sorrows, desires and defeats—and they in turn can listen to ours.
Many people make the mistake of confusing information with knowledge. They are not the same thing. Knowledge involves the interpretation of information. Knowledge involves listening.
Many words will be written on the wind and the sand, or end up in store. But the storytelling will go on until the last human being stops listening. Then we can send the great record of human out into the endless universe.
Who knows? Maybe someone is out there, willing to listen…From the very beginning of the passage, we can know Europeans ________.
| A．actually lose the ability to listen |
| B．seldom chat constantly with each other |
| C．feel frightened when they are alone and silent |
| D．tend to talk more and listen less |
It can be inferred from the passage that if you are in Africa, you will _______.
| A．suffer hot weather and lack of water |
| B．be certainly helped when in trouble |
| C．often hear the stories told by strangers |
| D．have no choice but to listen during a talk |
According to the last three paragraphs, we can know _________.
| A．no one knows exactly why Africans are willing to listen |
| B．information is hard to understand without interpretation |
| C．listening makes the difference between information and knowledge |
| D．the existence of humans’ recordings totally depends on the way of storytelling |
The passage mainly talks about __________.
| A．the experience of the author |
| B．the art of listening in Africa |
| C．the importance of storytelling |
| D．the life styles of Africans |
A recent study suggests that teens’ relationship with parents, friends and teachers may have a lot to do with why they don’t get a good night’s sleep.
David Maume, a sociologist and sleep researcher, analyzed federal health data, which interviewed 974 teenagers when they were 12, and then again at 15. He found that family dynamics (动态) have much to do with how well kids sleep. Teens, who had warm relations with their parents and felt like they could talk to them or their parents were supportive of them, tended to sleep better. However, families that were going through a divorce or a remarriage tended to affect teens’ sleep.
And problems at school also affected teens’ sleep. Feeling safe at school and having good relations with teachers tended to promote better sleep. As did good relationships with friends. Kids who took part in sports or other positive social activities or shared similar academic goals with their friends were also more likely to get a good night’s sleep.
These add up to what makes lots of sense: a general feeling of well-being helps teens sleep. If we’re happy and contented, we’re much more likely to sleep better than if we’re sad and anxious.
Now, of course, teens can hardly resist being drawn to their computers and social networking. Maume also found that when parents were strict not only about bedtime, but also about limiting technology, kids slept better. It’s a finding that seems obvious, but parents really do matter when it comes to health habits of their teenagers.
Clearly, teenagers aren’t getting 9 to 10 hours a night, which puts them at risk for all the consequences of lack of sleep, including poor academic performance, colds and stress. What is the passage mainly about?
| A．Teens’ sleep is linked to their relationship with people around them. |
| B．Lack of adequate sleep puts teens at risk of many bad consequences. |
| C．Modern technology has something to do with teens’ sleep problems. |
| D．It is necessary for teens to join in sports and positive social activities. |
According to Maume’s analysis, who will probably have a poor night’s sleep?
| A．Teens who feel like talking with their parents. |
| B．Teens who have friends sharing their dreams. |
| C．Teens who feel contented about themselves. |
| D．Teens who lack a sense of security at school. |
Para 5 functions as .
| A．a comparison | B．an introduction | C．a conclusion | D．an addition |
Parents are supposed to when their kids are growing up.
| A．continue their broken marriage |
| B．allow children to decide when to sleep |
| C．limit teens’ using new technology |
| D．force teens to have 10 hours’ sleep daily |
“iPhone 5”, the tallest thing to happen to iPhone since iPhone
We don’t want to change your phone, we want to make you say, “Wow, that is a bigger change than I expected”. “iPhone 5” is a result of that desire to surprise.
It’s been completely redesigned. For the first time ever, we’ve increased the size of display (显示) by making the screen taller but not wider.
You can see more of your content without the need to scroll. We are making scrolling the thing of the past. It is more comfortable to use and reduces tiredness from scrolling when you read long documents.
Even with the larger display, it is the thinnest iPhone we ever built. To achieve the design this tall, we have to look at it and completely redesign the architecture inside. It’s 18% thinner and 79.5% taller than the previous iPhone. It makes everything you do on “iPhone5” easier. No more hidden menus, no confusing gestures. Everything is right at your fingertips.
The panorama feature (全景拍照) is simply awesome. The ultra HD (超高清) widescreen display lets you get your entire shot in a single snap (快门). You can also use its creative design for picture stabilization.
With an iPhone this tall, reception of signals has never been better. And of course, all your favorite applications are still available. In fact you will find your old favorites also benefit from the new experiencing handsome ultra HD widescreen. We found while many previous iPhone owners were using Facetime, they only used it for the faces. That’s why we are introducing Bodytime. With its ultra HD widescreen display, Bodytime lets you see a person’s entire body.
It took all of our learning and all of our thinking to realize something so simple, so clear, and yet so tall.
And I wish your pocket were tall enough to hold such a perfect invention!How is the screen of “iPhone 5” different from the previous ones?
| A．Wider. | B．Taller. | C．Easier. | D．Thinner. |
What does the underlined word “scroll” probably mean?
| A．Update the webpage. | B．Download new documents. |
| C．Refresh the content. | D．Move the content upward. |
What can we infer about “iPhone 5” from the passage?
| A．It is really necessary for you to hide menus. |
| B．The reception of signals is bad due to its length. |
| C．Bodytime is popular with previous iPhone owners. |
| D．New applications of “iPhone 5” are unbelievable. |
“iPhone 5” is introduced in a(n) ________ way in this passage.
| A．humorous | B．objective | C．scientific | D．serious |
Xinhua News Agency－The International Conference on Power Engineering (ICOPE) 2013, organized by the Chinese Society of Power Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, China-EU Institute for Clean and Renewable Energy, opened in Wuhan, on Oct 24. More than 300 energy experts, scholars and businessmen from countries and areas including the United States, Japan, the EU, Australia, South Africa, Thailand, Nigeria, Arab and China are attending the three-day academic conference on the world’s energy problems.
Professor Zheng Chuguang, from the School of Energy and Power Engineering at Huazhong University of Science and Technology, gave a speech on the development of oxygen fuel technology in China, and said that settling the problem of cost ranks highest.
George Saxon, vice-president of Conco Systems Inc, US, presented a report on the topic of Energy Engineer to Shape the Future. He said that the company’s research and innovation (创新) are of great significance for the future and already contribute to reducing costs and improving efficiency (效率).
Professor Didier Mayer from the Ecole des Mines de Paris, France, spoke about “Wind Energy R&D Line Based on the Global Renewable Energy Status”, and Professor Yasuo Koizumi of Shinshu University in Japan and Li Chun-Zhu of Curtin University of Technology in Australia also gave speeches at the conference.
The academic meetings are expected to cover topics from various fields. In addition, the participants will discuss the most advanced academic research around the world, the latest progress and development trends in the various fields. The conference has attracted 232 academic papers, with 176 papers from China, and 56 from abroad.Who probably attended the meeting?
| A．Students from high schools. | B．Scholars from Canada. |
| C．Officials from governments. | D．Experts from companies. |
According to Professor Zheng, what matters most about energy problems?
| A．Reducing cost. | B．Using wind energy. |
| C．Saving energy. | D．Developing new fuels. |
Which of the following statements is true?
| A．300 participants are attending the two-day academic conference. |
| B．George Saxon supports the company’s research and innovation. |
| C．Didier Mayer gave a speech on oxygen fuel technology in China. |
| D．The conference has attracted 232 academic papers from abroad. |
What is the purpose of the passage?
| A．To discuss the world energy problems. |
| B．To introduce to readers some energy experts. |
| C．To introduce an international energy conference. |
| D．To show the world’s great concern about environment. |
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