D
Traditionally regarded as one of the safest planes in the skies, the Boeing 777’s reputation will have been damaged by the second fatal crash in less than a year. There are around 1,000 Boeing 777s in service, and the plane is a long haul workhorse（长途运输的主力）, shouldering some of the longest routes. It entered service in 1995 and the National Transportation Safety Board, which is responsible for monitoring US-made aircraft, has recorded fewer than 60 incidents. But the recent record has been more patchy(不协调) with two major incidents---a crash at San Francisco airport last July, which claimed three lives, and the crash-landing of a British Airways 777 at Heathrow in January 2008.
However, the Malaysian disaster is very different from both the BA incident and the crash involving a Asiana Airlines flight at San Francisco InternationalAirport in July. Both the BA and Asiana accidents occurred shortly before landing, while the Malaysia airlines plane disappeared off the radar during the early stages of the trip.
The accident at San Francisco in July was attributed to pilot error which led to the engines being set to idle because he believed the computer would maintain sufficient speed to keep the plane up in the air. But initial reports suggest that Zaharie Ahmad Shah, the 53-year-old Malaysian airlines pilot, was hugely experienced - having joined thecarrierin 1981 and with 18,365 hours in the cockpit under his belt. The BA crash landing, which did not result in any fatalities, was finally found to have been caused by a blockage in the fuel line feeding theengine. Simply put the aircraft had the aviation equivalent of a cardiac arrest because some of the fuel failed to melt and blocked the supplylineat the end of a long flight from Beijing to London, during which the plane travelled through unusually cold airspace over Siberia.
This crash makes people think of the disaster in which 288 people on board an Air France Airbus 330. That plane, another long-haul workhorse, crashed into the Atlantic en-route from Rio de Janeiro in June 2009 killing 228 people. A variety of explanations have been given for the Air France crash, with investigators finding that the plane’s speed sensors were giving an incorrect reading. But with this crash involving a different aircraft, it will take several months before investigators can find out the cause.What’s the author’s purpose of writing the passage?
| A．To arouse our attention of some famous crashes of plane. |
| B．To find out the causes of plane crash. |
| C．To inform us of the Malaysian disaster. |
| D．To warn us not to travel by plane any more. |
The Malaysian disaster is quite different mainly because_____.
| A．The plane disappeared off the radar during the early stages of the trip. |
| B．The accident occurred shortly before landing. |
| C．The pilot believed the computer would maintain sufficient speed. |
| D．The pilot was less experienced. |
What methods are used to describe the whole passage?
①Giving examples
②Making comparisons
③Reasoning matters
④Offering figures
| A．①②③ | B．②③④ | C．①②④ | D．①③④ |
What does “this crash” refer to in the last paragraph?
| A．the crash of Air France |
| B．the crash of the Malaysia airlines plane |
| C．the crash-landing of a British Airways 777 |
| D．the crash at San Francisco airport |
Soil conservation efforts protect soil from wind and water that can blow or wash it away. Good soil produces food crops for both people and animals.
One important form of soil conservation is the use of windbreaks (防风林). Windbreaks are barriers formed by trees and other plants with many leaves. Farmers plant them in lines around their fields. Windbreaks stop the wind from blowing soil away. They also keep the wind from destroying or damaging crops. They are very important for growing grains, such as wheat.
For example, in parts of West Africa, studies have shown that grain harvests can be twenty percent higher on fields protected by windbreaks compared to those without such protection.
Windbreaks are effective when a wall of trees and other plants blocks the wind. The windbreaks should also limit violent motions of the wind to those areas closest to the windbreak.
However, windbreaks seem to work best when they allow a little wind to pass through. If the wall of trees and plants stops wind completely, then violent air motions will take place close to the ground. These motions cause the soil to lift up into the air where it will be blown away. For this reason, a windbreak is best if it has only sixty to eighty percent of the trees and plants needed to make a solid line.
An easy rule to remember is that windbreaks can protect areas up to ten times the height of the tallest trees in the windbreak.
There should be at least two lines in each windbreak. One line should be large trees. The second line, right next to it, can be shorter trees and other plants with leaves.
Windbreaks not only protect land and crops from the wind. They can also provide wood products. These include wood for fuel and longer pieces for making fences. Locally-grown trees and plants are best for windbreaks.
68. What does this text primarily concern?
A. A way to protect soil. B. Some advice on growing windbreaks.
C. The effect of windbreaks. D. A way to protect crops.
69. Which of the following is NOT true about windbreaks?
A. If windbreaks stop the wind completely，the soil will be blown away above the windbreaks.
B. Leaving sixty to eighty percent of the trees and plants needed to make a solid line is a best windbreak.
C. A better windbreak should be two lines or more with the same height.
D. Windbreaks work best during an area up to ten times the height of the tallest trees in them.
70. The underlined word "barriers" (Para. 2) refers to .
A. something that is built with trees together with other plants
B. a structure built to forbid passage of wind with trees or other plants.
C. something used to help things control their movement.
D. narrow lines where trees and other plants with many leaves are planted.
71. Which of the following is most likely to show the right area that a windbreak can protect?
Downloading music over the Internet is pretty common among high school and college students. However, when students download and share copyrighted music without permission, they are against the law.
A survey of young people’s music ownership has found that teenagers and college students have an average of more than 800 illegally copied songs each on their digital music players. Half of those surveyed share all the music on their hard drive, enabling others to copy hundreds of songs at any one time. Some students were found to have randomly linked their personal blogs to music sites, so as to allow free trial listening of copyrighted songs for blog visitors, or adopted some of the songs as the background music for their blogs. Such practices may be easy and free, but there are consequences.
Sandra Dowd, a student of Central Michigan University, was fined US$7,500 for downloading 501 files from LimeWire, a peer-to-peer file sharing program. Sandra claimed that she was unaware that her downloads were illegal until she was contacted by authorities. Similarly, Mike Lewinski paid US$4,000 to settle a lawsuit（起诉）against him for copyright violation（违反）. Mike expressed shock and couldn’t believe that this was happening to him. “I just wanted to save some money and I always thought the threat was just a scare tactic（战术）.” “You know, everyone does it,” added Mike.
The RIAA (Recording Industry Association of America), the organization that files lawsuits against illegal downloaders, states that suing（控告）students was by no means their first choice. Unfortunately, without the threat of consequences, students are just not changing their behavior. Education alone is not enough to stop the extraordinary growth of the illegal downloading practice.
64. Why is it common for students to download copyrighted music?
A. They don’t think that they will be caught.
B. They want their friends to know that they are smart.
C. They think it is a good way to make some extra money.
D. They are against copyright protection over Internet music.
65. What does Mike mean by saying that “the threat was just a scare tactic”?
A. One should not be afraid of threats.
B. A lawsuit will result from the threat.
C. It is unfair to scare people with a threat.
D. No serious consequence will follow the threat.
66. What is RIAA’s attitude towards students’ illegal downloading behaviour?
A. They believe that education will help greatly in protecting copyrights.
B. They profit from the fines illegal downloaders pay for copyright violations.
C. They like to sue students for downloading music illegally from the Internet.
D. They think that illegal downloading behavior needs tough measures to correct.
67. What’s the best title for this passage?
A. Copyright Violators, Beware!
B. How to Get Free Music Online!
C. A Survey of Students’ Downloading Habits
D. get rid of Illegal Music Download? Impossible!
| Looking for Teens Interested in Child Care This is a chance for teens to accompany a child through projects and activities, play with them indoors and outdoors, help with arts and crafts ,deliver flyers to homes in the neighbourhood，and so on. When: We welcome teen volunteers whenever they are available. How often: Our volunteers determine the amount of time they give and their schedule. Where: Wilder Child Development Center, 911 Lafond Ave. St. Paul |
| Library Intern (实习生) Part-time, Temporary $12.48一$13 .87 /per hour Program: Wilder Research Responsibilities: Help with moving to new buildings, record reports and other documents using a specialized library database, get items from area libraries, help library users, help with literature searches, other everyday library chores, and so on. Qualifications: Bachelor's Degree with some library experience or a current Master of Library and Information Science student. Strong attention to detail, good search skills and customer service skills. How to apply: Send resume to Wilder Research, 1295 Bandna Blvd, or send an e-mail to jobs@wilder.org. |
| Site Responder Part-time , Regular $9.46一$10.52/per hour Program: Jackson St. Village Responsibilities: Work at night to handle emergencies, provide services such as lawn care and snow removal, support the needs of residents and take care of the property and buildings. Qualifications: Must have good communication skills and must be able to solve the problems and concerns of the residents, their visitors, and staff. Individuals or teams are encouraged to apply. How to apply: Send resume to Wilder Foundation, 516 Humboldt Avenue、St. Paul, MN 55107 or a fax to (651) 223-7273, or an e-mail to jobs@wilder.org. |
60. As a volunteer in the child center, .
A. you should follow the schedule of the center strictly
B. you must keep the child you look after indoors
C. you will earn some money for what you have done
D. you yourself can decide how long to stay there
61. What may NOT be needed if you apply to Wilder Research program?
A. A college degree and library experience.
B. Having knowledge of the Internet.
C. Being willing to help others.
D. Being able to handle emergencies.
62. From the third advertisement, we can learn that . .
A. only individuals can apply for the job
B. applicants should pay close attention to detail
C. applicants are required to do some physical work
D. applicants will deliver flyers homes in the neighbourhood.
63. The three advertisements . .
A. are not all for part-time opportunities
B. are not all chances to make some extra money
C. all can be communicated on the Internet
D. are offered by the same organization
第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题，每题2分，满分40分）
Camille Mahlknecht, 9, has some big fun planned for this weekend. She and other residents of Agoura Hills, California, plan to pick up trash during their city’s annual cleanup. At the same time, Wissam Raed, 12, will be busy volunteering too. Thousands of miles away in Lebanon, Wissam plans to put on a play at an orphanage and bring potted plants to elderly people at a senior citizen center.
Some other children like Nathan White, 10, have personal reasons for volunteering. Nathan’s grandmother died of a heart attack. To help raise money for medical research, Nathan participated in Jump Rope for Heart. He and five other boys took turns jumping rope for two and half hours and collected more than US$1,200 in donations for the American Heart Association.
Millions of children around the globe lend a hand to their communities every year. Schools and parents also contribute to the rise in youth service. For example, many schools offer community service activities for students to join. Teachers either combine volunteer work with classroom lessons or make service work a requirement. Parents, on the other hand, encourage their kids to volunteer and do it with them.
Community service is particularly important in this depression time. As the need for monetary support and other aid has increased, many charitable organizations have experienced a significant drop in donations. Camille and other children who volunteer thousands of hours annually can fill in some of the gaps.
According to research, kids who start volunteering are twice as likely to continue doing good deeds when they are adults. So, grab a paintbrush, a trash bag, or whatever you need to help your community. You’ll love how you feel after helping others. Even dirty work can be lots of fun, if it’s for a good cause.
56.What’s the writer’s purpose of writing this passage?
A. To recommend youth service programs to schools.
B. To ask charity organizations to serve the community.
C. To urge children to take part in volunteering activities.
D. To propose alternatives for doing community services.
57. What is the main idea of the 3rd paragraph?
A. Community service is gaining popularity among children.
B. Families and schools help to make community service popular.
C. Children now depend more on their teachers than on their parents.
D. Nathan White had a special reason to raise money for medical research.
58. Why is community service important in a time of depression?
A. It raises money for school activities.
B. It teaches children to take care of the sick.
C. It gives charity organizations some needed help.
D. It encourages parents and teachers to work together.
59. What can be inferred from the passage?
A. Community service can help prevent juvenile delinquency（青少年犯罪）.
B. Children will probably leave school and work as volunteers.
C. Organizing sports events for the school is a kind of community service.
D. Children who do volunteer work are more likely to grow up to be caring adults.
The other day at the supermarket, I saw a naughty child of about six crying loudly, falling to the floor and refusing to move. All the while the troubled mother was trying to persuade him to behave well but failed. A little smack(打，掴) on his bottom would have done the job, I thought.
Teenagers also cause discipline problems. As a teacher I had a 16-year-old student who had fallen in love with a waiter at a fast-food restaurant. In fact, she had left home to stay with him. So we decided to put her in the school hostel. She refused . When she heard her mother begging her to stay in the hostel she turned around and said : “Why don’t you stay in the hostel if you like it so much?”
My palms were itching to slap her for being so rude but the poor mother continued to cajole her, hoping that gentle persuasion would work wonders. It did not. The last I heard ,she had run away from home again.
The list goes on and on. Could it be that today’s parents are softer and believe that they must not rod（棍棒惩罚）their children for fear of the bad results? Or do they actually believe that the children will get rid of the bad habits and behave well naturally as they grow older? I beg to disagree. I believe it is the parents’ duty to discipline the children even at a young age.
My children who are now adults will prove the fact that I used the rod when I thought it necessary. Later when they went abroad, they related to their British university friends on how they were disciplined. Their friends abroad were filled with horror and told my daughter that I could be charged for child abuse. However, my daughter showed great respect for me when she told them that she would not be where she was today if not for my strict discipline.
72.According to the passage, the author would probably____
A.beat the children every day
B.punish the children when necessary
C.leave the children as they are
D .treat the children in a softer way
73.The underlined word “cajole”(paragraph 3) probably means____
A.Persuade B.scold C. forgive D.punish
74.Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A.The naughty boy’s mother hit him on the bottom at last
B.The teenager’s mother lived together with her daughter’s friends abroad
C.The author was charged for child abuse by her daughter’s friends abroad.
D.The author’s daughter was very thankful for her parent’s strict discipline.
75.Which of the following can be the best title of this passage?
A. Respect parents C. spoiled kids
B. value discipline D. protect kids
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