In 1822 Gregor Mendal was born on a farm in Austria. His father found that Mendal was interested in plants. He knew that his son was clever, and he Mendal to high school. At that time people attended high school. However, since his father could not give him enough money, he always went . Luckily, the other students always gave him food from their Later, Mendal became a monk(修道士)and his studies. He took care of the gardens at the where he and the other monks lived, and he did with pea plants for eight years. He wanted to prove that parents features to their children. Around 1860, Mendal that plants have recessive and dominant(显性的) genes.
He grew a tall pea plant with a short pea plant. Every one of the first generation of four pea plants was tall. This that tall was the dominate gene. in the next generation of four pea plants, one plant was very . The recessive short genes it received from both of its parents had made it short.
From these experiments, he understood that dominant genes the most often in the . Recessive genes only appeared and only when both parents carried the genes for the features.
To his finding with others, he wrote a paper. But during his lifetime, no one what he had discovered. At the time of his death, he still felt very sad.
, his important discovery was accepted in 1990. We now know that both plants and animals have genes and that genes play a major role in we look, how we act, and whether or not we are to get certain diseases. Today we honor Mendal as Father of hereditizm(遗传学).
A．drove B．sent C．forced D．had
A．few B．a few C．many D．a lot
A．anxious B．crazy C．hungry D．straight
A．plates B．dining-rooms C．dorms D．lunches
A．lasted B．stuck C．started D．continued
A．village B．hometown C．temple D．school
A．researches B．surveys C．observations D．experiments
A．passed B．gave C．offered D．hid
A．noticed B．discovered C．declared D．prove
A．agreed B．meant C．announced D．informed
A．Thus B．Instead C．Despite D．Yet
A．strange B．fine C．short D．cool
A．showed up B．stood out C．set aside D．turned on
A．parents B．students C．children D．monks
A．seldom B．sometimes C．actually D．mainly
A．compare B．share C．satisfy D．cooperate
A．concerned with B．worried about C．trusted in D．cared about
A．However B．Though C．Finally D．Regardless
A．how B．what C．where D．which
A．possible B．obvious C．able D．likely
What will city life be like in the future? Some people think that life in the cities is going to be . They that cities will become more and more crowded. the number of people increases, there will be less space for each person. This will cause other problems—more crime, dirtier streets, and wor
se problems with traffic we have now. How will people find enough drinking water, energy (such as gas and electricity) and housing? life w
ill be hard, people who live in cities will worry more, and they may become sick. these reasons, some say that nobody will want to live in urban areas.
How can we such problems as overcrowding, crime, and traffic? In some cities, thousands of people are already in the streets because there is so little suitable housing—and because are so high. The crime rate isn't going down. , it is so fast that many people are afraid to go out at night. Traffic is also getting worse. More and more often, traffic jams are so bad that cars don't move at all for several blocks. These problems have been getting worse, not better, so many people see no for the future of the city.
However, not all people believe in the horrible for cities of the future. Instead, they feel that they can solve present urban problems and future ones.
The 
of any modern city are not unique(独特的) to that city, that is to say, all the cities in the world have to solve the problems of traffic jams, crime, housing, energy, drinking water, and overcrowding. Yet many cities have found answers to one or more of these difficulties. Some European cities, such as Stockholm, Sweden, or London, England, have planned communities that people with apartments, jobs, shopping centers, green space, entertainment, and transportation. Many U.S. cities are building their downtown areas. Urban 
can learn from one another. They can solutions that have been successful in other parts of the world.
A．fantastic B．horrible C．regular D．significant
A．ensure B．require C．indicate D．predict
A．As B．Though C．With D．Unless
A．room B．number C．future D．overcrowding
A．as B．which C．what D．than
A．While B．Because C．Therefore D．Once
A．For B．In C．Because D．Thanks to
A．deal B．keep C．solve D．cause
A．calling B．sleeping C．robbing D．starving
A．flats B．cars C．rents D．crimes
A．And B．Thus C．Instead D．Therefore
A．increasing B．changing C．dropping D．exchanging
A．urban B．rural C．crime D．traffic
A．reality B．trend C．prediction D．hope
A．definitions B．predictions C．identification D．indication
A．reform B．remain C．cure D．prevent
A．disadvantages B．advantages C．properties D．substitutes
A．offer B．satisfy C．require D．provide
A．consumers B．planners C．systems D．physicians
A．try B．identify C．cure D．forecast
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Alexander the Great was the great Macedonian(马其顿)Emperor．As a young man he once himself a famous horse with his extraordinary power of observation and wisdom．
One day，his father，King Philip，received a horse as a(n) ．Together with some of his men as well as the prince，the King with him his new horse out on a wide plain to ．But they soon found that the horse was very ．It kicked and shouted loudly so that no one could get on its back．The King was and gave orders for to be taken back at once．But the prince，Alexander，was sorry to this．
“It’s a pity to such a fine horse just because man is brave enough to get on it，”said he．
“Your are brave，”said the King，feeling that his son without thinking．“But are you brave enough to do that?’’
The young man went up to the nervous animal，took the bridle(缰绳)and turned its to the sun．He did so because he had that the horse was afraid of its own shadow kept moving upon the ground before his eyes．
With its face to the sun，the horse could no longer see the shadow．It soon became ．The young man patted it and by and by he jumped upon its back．Then it set at a great speed with the brave prince holding on．It ran farther and farther into the plain till at last it became tired and A1exander rode it back．
The horse was thus given to the brave man．For many years it fought battle after battle together with him．One day in a fierce battle，both of them got seriously ．The horse struggled to carry Alexander on its back and ran home．Then it died． his horse，Alexander had a city built and named the city Bucephalus，which was the name of his horse．
A．brought B．gave C．declared D．won
A．honor B．prize C．present D．reward
A．rode B．pulled C．took D．had
A．ride B．drive C．feed D．run
A．ridiculous B．nervous C．strong D．wild
A．happy B．angry C．curious D．satisfied
A．it B．him C．her D．this
A．find B．do C．hear D．say
A．deliver B．kill C．release D．1ose
A．a B．one C．such D．no
A．actions B．words C．comments D．conclusions
A．told B．spoke C．chatted D．talked
A．head B．side C．body D．tail
A．consulted B．expected C．observed D．predicted
A．who B．as C．which D．it
A．curious B．exhausted C．quiet D．excited
A．fiercely B．firmly C．tightly D．gently
A．off B．up C．aside D．about
A．harmed B．burned C．wounded D．damaged
A．In favor of B．In memory of C．In face of D．In terms of
Sharks have lived in the oceans for over 450 million years, long before dinosaurs appeared. There are now about 360 of sharks, whose size, behavior, and other characteristics differ widely.
Every year, we catch and kill over 100 million sharks, for food and for their fins. Dried shark fins are used to make shark fin soup, which sells for as much as $50 a bowl in fine Hong Kong . Other sharks are killed for sport and out of fear. Sharks are vulnerable(脆弱的) to overfishing because it most species 10 to 15 years to begin reproducing and they produce only a few offspring.
by movies and popular novels, most people see sharks as people-eating monsters. This is far from the . Every year, a few types of shark injure about 100 people worldwide and kill about 25. Most are by great white sharks, which often feed on sea lions and other marine mammals. They sometimes mistake human swimmers for their normal prey, if they are wearing black wet suits.
If you are a typical ocean-goer, your of being killed by an unprovoked （无缘无故的）attack by a shark are about 1 in 100 million. You are more to be killed by a pig than a shark and thousands of times more likely to get killed when you drive a car.
Sharks help human lives. In addition to providing people with food, they are helping us learn how to cancer, bacteria, and viruses. Sharks are very healthy and have aging processes similar to ours. Their highly effective immune system wounds to heal quickly without becoming infected, and their blood is being studied in connection with AIDS research.
Sharks are among the few animals in the world that almost get cancer and eye cataracts. Understanding why can help us improve human . Chemicals extracted from shark cartilage have killed cancerous tumors in laboratory animals.
A．species B．classes C．groups D．names
A．greatly B．popularly C．widely D．mostly
A．supermarkets B．restaurants C．offices D．companies
A．spends B．takes C．costs D．uses
A．Impressed B．Moved C．Changed D．Influenced
A．story B．truth C．movie D．problem
A．injuries B．deaths C．attacks D．causes
A．specially B．especially C．mainly D．usually
A．chances B．fears C．lives D．percentages
A．likely B．frequent C．possible D．lucky
A．avoid B．save C．keep D．prevent
A．damage B．destroy C．fight D．ruin
A．advises B．allows C．forces D．forbids
A．never B．seldom C．often D．usually
A．analysis B．research C．study D．health
I was aged 9 the moment I discovered my father was seriously sick. It was 1994, but I can well remember my mother’s words as though it were yesterday: “Maggie, I don’t want you to take ______ from your father, because he has AIDS. Be very cautious when you are around him.”
AIDS wasn’t something we talked about in my country when I was growing up. From then on, I knew that this would be a family ______. My parents were not together anymore, and my dad lived alone. For a while, he could attend to himself. But when I was 12, his condition worsened. My father’s other children lived far away, so it ______ to me to look after him.
We couldn’t _____ all the necessary medication for him, and because Dad was unable to work, I had no money for school supplies and often couldn’t ______ buy food for dinner. I ______ sit in class feeling completely ______. The teacher’s words were ________ as I tried to figure out how I was going to manage.
I did not ______ my burden with anyone. I had seen how people ______ to AIDS. Kids laughed at classmates who had parents with the disease. And even adults could be _____. When my father was ______ to the hospital, the nurses would leave his food on the bedside table even though he was too fragile to feed himself.
I had known that he was going to die, but after so many years of keeping his ______ a secret, I was truly ______ when he reached his final days. ______ and down, I called a woman at the non-profit National AIDS Support. That day, she ______ me on the phone for hours. I was so lucky to find someone who cared. She saved my life. I was 15 when my father ______ on. He took his secret away with him, having never spoken about AIDS to anyone, even me. He didn’t want to call ______ to AIDS. I do.
A．trust B．joke C．food D．fun
A．disease B．project C．challenge D．secret
A．fell B．sent C．chose D．left
A．afford B．offer C．select D．prepare
A．only B．even C．yet D．still
A．might B．should C．could D．would
A．moved B．lost C．bored D．nervous
A．rolled B．eaten C．proved D．drowned
A．pack B．compare C．share D．affect
A．applied B．escaped C．reacted D．referred
A．cruel B．curious C．considerate D．confused
A．admitted B．concerned C．removed D．sentenced
A．dream B．promise C．instruction D．condition
A．calm B．religious C．unprepared D．devoted
A．Red B．Black C．Green D．Blue
A．kept B．talked C．reminded D．replied
A．died B．hid C．passed D．sighed
A．relief B．attention C．support D．Trouble
Our family finally managed to get together, but in a few days we separated again to the ends of the earth, and I would begin my new job in a new city. My family had never been in this way. When I thought about the future, my heart felt grayish.
When I in the morning, it was raining outside and the sky was as as my mood. My daughter the new skirt that her uncle bought and she flew around the departure hall in the and drew a small and beautiful picture in the dim crowd.
The airplane had a good of newspapers, magazines, television programmes, food and drinks. The meal even a serving of Haagen-Dazs ice cream. This small present brightened me up . The gentle smile of the stewardess (空姐) was as beautiful as the after the rain.
When I the airplane, the language that entered my was completely different from what I was three hours ago. Although the street lights were as as Allentown's, the different clothes and expressions of the people me that I was in a new world. I stood in the busy streets like Alice the world in a fairy tale. My heart was with puzzlement about the indefinite future and longing for the new life. When I being able to do what I liked once more, that I would make new and that I could enjoy the fun of exploration, I could not to think about starting my new life.
A．separated B．gathered C．divided D．surprised
A．bright B．exciting C．uncertain D．unusual
A．stood up B．got up C．stayed up D．woke up
A．clear B．high C．dark D．gray
A．dressed B．wore C．liked D．had
A．station B．airport C．port D．house
A．offer B．number C．supply D．amount
A．included B．contained C．followed D．matched
A．successfully B．especially C．eventually D．fortunately
A．rainbow B．ground C．sky D．flower
A．got on B．got off C．left away D．took off
A．mouth B．eyes C．mind D．ears
A．finding B．learning C．hearing D．listening
A．long B．well C．brilliant D．many
A．told B．reminded C．suggested D．explained
A．visiting B．traveling C．wandering D．exploring
A．full B．filled C．satisfied D．pleased
A．set about B．set out C．thought over D．thought about
A．friends B．enemies C．mistakes D．progress
A．wait B．help C．decide D．afford
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