The World Bank is warning that the West Africa Ebola outbreak could seriously harm the economies(经济) of Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone unless action is taken quickly. World Bank President Jim Yong Kim spoke to reporters recently to discuss the effects of the Ebola spread.
"Our findings show that if the virus(病毒) continues to spread, the economic cost to these countries could grow eight times by 2015. This would be a big catastrophe to their already weak economies," said Kim.
Mr. Kim says, "saving lives and preventing new spread" is most important. The bank has given $117-million for an "immediate help." The World Bank President says the SARS outbreak between 2002 and 2004 showed how a disease could damage economies. 800 people died from SARS and the economic losses were up to $40-billion.
Mr. Kim says SARS and the H1N1 outbreak of 2009 taught that fear and avoidance resulted in about 90-percent of the economic losses. That means the disease is causing two levels of economic damage.
"There are two kinds of contagion(传染). One is connected with the virus itself and the second is connected with the spread of fear about the virus," said Kim.
The World Bank thinks the losses to the economies of Liberia, Sierra Leone and Guinea will be big .Mr. Kim says losses could be about $97-million at the moment.
Mr. Kim says fast action is necessary. He says getting the disease under control is still far away. That is because there are not enough health care workers in the affected areas. The World Bank President says the most important measure is to act quickly in order to limit economic losses.What does the underlined word mean in the second paragraph?
| A．effort | B．disaster |
| C．warning | D．result |
If quick action is not taken to stop the spread of Ebola, the economic losses could reach about_______by 2015.
| A．$800-million | B．$97-million |
| C．$117-million | D．$40-billion. |
What’s the main idea of the whole passage?
| A．Ebola is a serious and infectious(传染的）illness. |
| B．Large numbers of people have died from Ebola. |
| C．People in the West Africa are in great fear of the spread of Ebola virus. |
| D．Ebola will harm economies in the West Africa seriously without quick action. |
The advertisement appeared in my e-mail—“1-800-Flowers: Mother’s Day Madness —for just $39.99！” I almost clicked on it, forgetting that those services would not be needed this year. My mother, Margaret Feiddman, died at the age of 89, and so this is my first Mother’s Day without my mom.
In my childhood, my mom appeared to be a typical suburban housewife of her generation. She sewed many of my sisters’ clothes, including both of their wedding dresses and boy’s suits for me. And on the side, she won several national bridge tournaments(桥牌锦标赛).
My mom left many indelible marks on me. The first was to never lose heart and to be independent. My dad died suddenly when I was 19. My mom worked hard for a couple of years. But in1975, I won a scholarship to study in Britain and my mom surprised us all by announcing that she decided to go with me. When I met difficulties, she always said: “You’re a man, so never lose heart, never be knocked down, and try your best to pursue(追求) your dreams.”
My mom’s other big influence on me is a sense of optimism (乐观). She had taken her knocks. But every time life knocked her down, she got up and kept on marching forward, encouraged by the saying that pessimists(悲观者) are usually right, optimists are usually wrong, but most great changes are made by optimists.
How I wish to listen to my mother’s words, and give my best regards on this Mother’s Day, but I have no chance now! My best friends, treasure(珍惜)your mother’s love!The author mentioned the advertisement to ___.
| A．show he’s tired of the advertisements |
| B．make you believe that he was very kind |
| C．explain he missed his mother very much |
| D．urge the readers to buy the present for their mothers |
What experience of the author’s mother surprised the author?
| A．That she gained knowledge all by herself. |
| B．That she volunteered to go to Britain with her son. |
| C．That she did all the housework by herself. |
| D．That she won several national bridge tournaments. |
What dose the underlined word “indelible” in the 3rd paragraph probably mean?
| A．be impossible to forget | B．be easy to remember |
| C．be destroyed easily | D．be out of control |
We can know about the author’s mother that_____.
| A．she felt very lonely in her late life |
| B．She encouraged the author to pursue his dreams |
| C．She never received a present from her children |
| D．she passed away before the author’s father |
Which can be the best title for the passage?
| A．My Great Mother |
| B．Mother and I |
| C．Mother’s Day Madness |
| D．Treasure Mother’s Love |
You know how wonderful you are, and you know that others know how wonderful you are, but what do you do when admiration crosses over the line into jealousy? For most teens there will come a day when you realize that one of your friends is jealous and that this jealousy is hurting your friendship. When this happens it can seem like there is nothing that you can do, but the good news is that there is. Don’t let jealousy spoil your relationships. Handle it head-on and you might be back to normal much sooner than you think.
It can be hard to walk up to a friend and ask them what the problem is, but if you want to save your friendship you’ll have to do just that. Don’t approach them and ask why they are jealous of you (unless of course you want to appear totally conceited(自负的), just take some time alone with them and let them know that you’ve been feeling like there’s been something coming between you. If they refuse to respond, then use the opportunity to explain how you have been feeling. Chances are that something you say will strike a nerve and your friend will open up as well.
When you figure out what is annoying your friend, ask him or her what (s)he thinks would make the situation better. If, for example, (s)he says that (s)he feels like (s)he doesn’t get to spend any time with you because of your being off with your new friends from the swim team then maybe you could invite her along the next time or block off one day a week for just the two of you. Remember, though, that whatever solution you decide on should be a compromise（妥协）. Don’t limit your own talents or opportunities simply because your friend is unhappy. Try instead to include him or her in your new life and see how that works out.
Even the best of friendships can be tinged(发出叮叮声) by jealousy. This destructive emotion is rarely productive and can turn best friends into worst enemies. Before taking extreme action, chat with your jealous friend to see if the two of you can work out a compromise. If you can’t, be prepared to know exactly how far you will go to keep your friend and how far you won’t.According to the author, the jealousy emotion is________.
| A．normal | B．productive |
| C．destructive | D．extreme |
Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a way to face your friend when jealousy happens?
| A．Walking up to him/her and asking him/her why he/she is jealous of you. |
| B．Walking up to him/her and asking him/her what the problem is. |
| C．Spending some time with him/her and letting him/her know how you feel. |
| D．Spending some time with him/her and letting him/her know you think there’s something between you. |
What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs?
| A．There’s always a solution to solve the problem of jealousy. |
| B．Jealousy can turn best friends into worst enemies. |
| C．You may lose a friend to keep your own gifts, chances or self development. |
| D．You should go a long way with your friend to work out a solution |
The purpose of the passage is________.
| A．to explain what causes jealousy |
| B．to offer some advice on making friends |
| C．to introduce the way to deal with a jealous friend |
| D．to explain how destructive the jealous emotion is |
Texting long messages can be a pain in the neck. The repetitive action of working your fingers across the keyboard of your cell phone can cause some of the same chronic (慢性的) pain problems previously limited to those who’d spent a lifetime typing.
The possible connection is particularly worrying considering how much teens and young adults — and increasingly those in professional settings — are texting nowadays, said Judith Gold, who carried out one of the first studies on the potential connection.
Text messaging is a fairly new technology, Gold says, so this is a new area of research for those who study ergonomics (人类工程学). But “considering the similarities in body position, findings from research on overuse injuries from computers could be applicable” to texting.
“The way the body is positioned for texting – fixed shoulders and back with rapidly moving fingers – is similar to the position for typing on a computer,” Gold explained. Previous research has found pain in the elbow connected with too much thumb texting.
To look for a broader link between texting and chronic pain, Gold and her colleagues sent a questionnaire to 138 college students, asking them to report the number of text messages they sent per day (in four categories: 0, 1-10, 11-20, 21+ messages) and to point out any discomfort they felt on a body map.
The research showed an association between the number of text messages sent per day and shoulder discomfort. The effect seemed to be particularly pronounced in males, though Gold says she doesn’t know why that would be.
“What we’ve seen so far is very similar to what we see with office workers who’ve spent most of their time at a computer,” Gold said. However, Gold’s study did not take account of the amount of time the people surveyed also spent typing on computers, which could be affecting the results.In the past, who usually suffered from a pain in the neck according to the passage?
| A．A writer | B．A typist | C．A teacher | D．A doctor |
The underlined word “that” in Paragraph 6 refers to the fact that _______.
| A．office workers easily suffer from the body discomfort |
| B．men like to text messages more |
| C．text messaging causes body discomfort |
| D．males have more shoulder discomfort |
The passage mainly tells us _______.
| A．what ergonomics is |
| B．texting too much causes a pain in the neck |
| C．whether texting is beneficial or not |
| D．the connection between texting and typing |
It can be inferred from the passage that _______.
| A．the study was the first one carried out by Gold |
| B．one positions oneself differently from computer-users when texting |
| C．the amount of computer-use time was calculated in the survey |
| D．the result of the survey was not 100% convincing |
B
Haagen-Dazs from Europe started in 1989 and is 5-10 times more expensive than regular ice cream．There is no real advantage．However, it adopted a unique marketing strategy(策略), and quickly occupied the market as a top ice cream brand．
Haagen-Dazs did not set up shops in ordinary supermarkets or grocery stores. Haggen-Dazs leisure fashion shops are located in busy sections of malls．The layout(布局) is carefully planned to create an elegant atmosphere, and sometimes, a flagship（旗舰） store will cost several million dollars．
Compared to other ice cream brands, Haagen-Dazs consumers are tightly grouped．It is understood that Haagen-Dazs seldom does television advertising．The majority of ads are highly visual impact of the print ads．In particular many advertisements target the wealthy consumers. Moreover, if the consumer spends 500 Yuan, they can become a member. These members will be regularly sent advertisements by direct mail．Praise of customers is a powerful weapon for Haagen Dazs．
There is always much creative ingenuity(独创性) in Haagen-Dazs advertising, so it is remembered by the people:
☆ Initial advertisements such as: "Delicious Haagen-Dazs, like 24K gold, Kobe beef from Japan, original palm oil, mushroom truffles（松露） and Chinese ceramics（制陶术）…what 'ice cream' was waiting for．"
☆"love her, let her eat Haagen-Dazs" This classic advertisement attracted numerous Haagen-Dazs lovers who became regulars．
Today, Haggen Dazs has about 700 stores in 55 countries with annual sales of more than 1 billion US dollars．Haagen-Dazs has become the world's most popular ice cream brand．In the United States, its market share is 6．1%, 1%in France, 4．6% in Japan, 4% in Singapore, and 5% in Hong Kong．
Determined to win the majority of wealthy customers they combined positioning in the marketplace with dedicated brand goals．This is the real secret of success．
How is the text organized?
| A．Main idea-Comparison-Supporting examples- Conclusion |
| B．Topic- Supporting examples- Conclusion |
| C．Opinion-Discussion- Description- Conclusion |
| D．Topic-Argument-Explanation-Conclusion |
According to the initial advertisements of Haagen-Dazs , it stresses that it is _____
| A．expensive | B．excellent |
| C．special | D．popular |
Why does Haagen-Dazs seldom do television advertisements? _____
| A．Because it can't afford to do television advertisements. |
| B．Because it doesn't think television advertising attracts consumers. |
| C．Because it focuses on its target consumers by using other media. |
| D．Because its design isn't suitable to be broadcast on the television. |
What is the best title for the passage?
| A．The origin of Haagen-Dazs, |
| B．The creative advertisements of Haagen-Dazs. |
| C．The Influence of Haagen-Dazs. |
| D．The marketing strategy of Haagen-Dazs. |
I had worked long and hard on this project．Knowing it was finally completed gave me great Satisfaction．“Perfect！”I said “Now, all I have to do is to keep the dogs off it．”I went about setting up barriers using old fence, deck chairs, planters, and anything I could find so as to avoid footprints both on the oil paint and our carpet. It worked perfectly ．
Just before returning to the house and to a much needed shower, I took one last look at this fine work of art．“What is that?” I said．“Where did that come from ?”
Clearly marked and evenly spaced across the entire area, the tiny marks ran in straight lines．I carefully stepped to our flower garden．It was there I found several of the small markings. Now, almost frozen in place by this shocking discovery, I remained in position so as to prevent further damage to my work．Just then, off to my left, it appeared．A chipmunk （花栗鼠）. He was as surprised as I was. We stood there face to face looking at each other, wondering who would make the first move ．
The warm, humid air was now getting the best of me. Sweat now ran freely over my head, and in poor timing into my eyes. I reached up to rub them and when I opened my eyes he was gone ．
My only satisfaction was in thinking that when he returned home he tracked oily footprints into his own home. And , hoping he was married , his wife would not let him live it down for the rest of his life. I stood up, shook my head, laughing about it and walking into my house．
Yes, I tracked oil on the carpet. I am married. My wife will not let me live it down for the rest of my life. We can know from the passage that the chipmunk_________________．
| A．made fun of the author |
| B．stole something important in the house |
| C．spoiled the author’s work |
| D．came for some food |
What did the author do to the chipmunk ?
| A．He made fun of it |
| B．He frightened it away |
| C．He tried to catch it but failed |
| D．He didn’t do any harm to it |
We can conclude from the passage that____________．
| A．the author was not satisfied with his family life |
| B．the author was quite satisfied with his project |
| C．the barriers the author set up were quite successful |
| D．the chipmunk had a happy family just like the author |
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