Formanycenturies，countlessscho

更新 2022-09-03
科目英语
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For many centuries，countless scholars have asked the question：What is beauty? As designers update the latest fashions and artists create their masterpieces, what is considered beautiful changes at an alarming pace.
Fifty years ago，the full-figured Marilyn Monroe was a symbol of the American aesthetic(美学的)value；today，many Hollywood actresses different in appearance from Marilyn’s have taken her place. However，aesthetic values not only differ from generation to generation，but do so along cultural lines as well. Often, what is considered disgusting to one civilization is just the aesthetic appeal in another. Thus it is difficult to give an absolute definition(定义)of beauty.
As fundamental(基础的)physicists，my colleagues and I like to believe that we are involved in a search for a beauty that affects definition. The beauty that we search for is not what is set up through the work of people and subject to the tastes, but rather what has been laid down by nature Physics allows its students to look past outer appearances，into a deeper beauty. As a human being，I am attracted by the visual appeal of a wave crashing on the beach. As a physicist, however I am able to see the deeper beauty of the physical laws that govern such a phenomenon.
In truth，since Albert Einstein put forward the idea that there might be one main physical theory that governs the universe，aesthetics have become a driving force in modern physics. Einstein and other later physicists have discovered that：Nature, as its most fundamental level，is beautifully constructed. The extraordinary simplicity of the laws that govern the universe is really breathtaking . As Einstein said, it would seem more likely that we should find ourselves living in a“chaotic(无秩序曲)world，in no way graspable through thinking”. Yet we are now closer than ever to a full understanding of the universe’s beautiful clockwork. As new discoveries and technologies allow us to examine the physical world on deeper and deeper levels，we find that the beauty itself becomes much deeper.
The reference to“Marilyn Monroe”in Paragraph 2 mainly serves to___________.

A．provide an example of today’s beauty standards

B．show there is no fixed definition of aesthetics

C．compare traditions of the East to the West

D．discuss her abilities as an actress

When appreciating a wave crashing on the beach，a physicist sees the beauty of___________.

A．the visual attraction	B．the powerful sounds
C．the physical laws behind	D．the lovely creatures

Why are Albert Einstein’s words mentioned in Paragraph 3?

A．To detail the functions of physical laws.

B．To highlight the range of Einstein’s influence.

C．To show that Einstein doubted the beauty of physics.

D．To stress the very simplicity of the laws of the universe.

The passage is mainly to___________.

A．present a special way of seeing beauty

B．emphasize the influence of physics

C．discuss the awareness of cross-culture

D．argue the traditional ideas on value

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相关试题

第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
第一节：阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
Since her husband died, Mrs. Jackson has lived alone in their big old suburban (郊区的) house. The house was bought by her husband almost fifty years ago.
For the sake of safety (为安全起见), her son has tried hard to ask her to sell the house and buy a new and small one in the town. But Mrs. Jackson doesn’t like the idea. She says that she has to look after her husband’s old house. But recently she often hears stories about unknown people stealing things around here.
That was a cold day before Christmas Eve. Around four o’clock in the afternoon, Mrs. Jackson was enjoying the Christmas music when someone knocked at the door. She heard the sound but didn’t move. Another knock. Who could it be? Mrs. Jackson was a bit afraid. She decided not to answer the door but keep waiting.
One minute another minute and yet another minute. Nothing happened and no more knocks. She walked quietly to the door, and listened. She heard nothing but the wind outside. She slowly unfastened the door and peeped (窥视) through the crack (小缝). She then gave a surprised cry and threw the door wide open! At the door she saw a tall, beautiful Christmas tree! In the tree stood a Christmas card with these words:
Merry Christmas!
Your new neighbor
56. The house bought by Mr. Jackson is _____.
A. in the town               B. small but new        C. outside the town        D. small and old
57. Mrs. Jackson doesn’t want to sell the house because _____.
A. it is almost fifty years old                             B. it is big and old
C. she likes to live alone in it                            D. her husband left it to her
58. Why didn’t she move when she heard the knock at the door?
A. Because she was enjoying the Christmas music.
B. Because she thought it might be an unknown person.
C. Because it was not her son.
D. Because she hadn’t decided to answer the door.
59. When she found it was a Christmas tree, she _____.
A. cried in surprise and pushed the door wide open
B. was very excited
C. threw the door away
D. went out to stand in the tree

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Throughout our childhood our parents taught us to say “thank you” and it has become a habit — something we say automatically (自动地), along with “please”. And because of this we have forgotten just how important gratitude is and how essential it is in leading fulfilled (感到满足的) lives.
Just for a minute, think of all the things you are grateful for, such as loving friends, good health, great holidays as well as everyday items such as a comfortable home, TV, and clean water. The list, in fact, could go on and on.
Now focus on events that have made you angry — it’s raining, the car won’t start, and a colleague (同事) makes you annoyed. You start to feel unhappy, and that is something that certainly does not make you feel good！
In fact, we have the ability to choose how we feel — it’s just our perception (认识) of how things are. But for most of us, it just doesn’t seem easy.
Let me give you an example: it’s a rainy day, and immediately most people will start to complain, telling everyone who will listen what a miserable day it is, with the result that they end up feeling miserable themselves. But look at it another way and despite wet clothes and hair, both will dry perfectly well and no lasting harm has been done. And in addition to this, because of rain, we not only live in a green and beautiful landscape, we are also able to grow a lot of fruit and vegetables.
There really is no obvious reason for feeling miserable — in fact there is a great deal to be grateful for. It all depends on what we think about things.
Realize what a difference having gratitude can make to your life. That’s why gratitude is so special — use it to feel good!
68. What do we usually do automatically according to the author?
A. Focus on good things.                                  B. Prefer to feel good.
C. Express thanks orally.                                  D. Take many things for granted.
69. By the example in the fifth paragraph, the author advises us to _____.
A. see things in a different way                          B. refuse the unchangeable things
C. ignore the harm bad weather does                  D. listen to others’ complaints patiently
70. By writing the passage, the author mainly wants to tell us _____.
A. to think twice before we act
B. to be grateful for what we have
C. it is no use making complaints
D. saying “thank you” has many disadvantages

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SYDNEY (AFP) — Thousands of people sat down to breakfast on the Sydney Harbor Bridge on Sunday after the bridge was closed to traffic and carpeted with grass for the first time for a giant picnic.
About 6,000 early riser were on the steel bridge from 6:30 am to take part in the two-hour event designed to show Sydney’s best food and outdoor lifestyle.
As music performers provided the background music, those who had won tickets to the picnic in a random lottery (随机抽奖) began to feast on fruit, pastries, muesli, yoghurt ...
“It’s amazing to see the bridge in this perspective (角度),” said Don Fuchs who lives near the bridge, which is used by about 100,000 cars daily.
“Usually you sit in the car, you cross it, and that’s it.”
“It was beautiful,” said Linda Curnow who attended the picnic with her family. “The grass was so thick that it was like being in your backyard.”
New South Wales state Premier Nathan said the event was set to become a mark of an annual Sydney’s month-long October food festival.
About 45,000 people applied for tickets to the breakfast for which people brought their own food but were able to taste samples from some of the state’s best producers.
Organizers used about 40 percent of the grass on Sydney parks. The bridge reopened at about 1:00 pm.
64. What made Linda Curnow feel as if she were in her own backyard?
A. There being no cars passing by.
B. So much food offered by Australian producers.
C. So many people dining at the same time.
D. The thick grass covering the bridge.
65. Why was the event planned?
A. To mark the Sydney food festival. B. To attract more tourists to Sydney.
C. To promote the Australian life. D. To display the world’s best food.
66. We learn from the passage that _____.
A. the giant picnic is organized in a park in Sydney
B. the grass from Sydney parks was moved to the bridge
C. the Sydney Harbour Bridge was open to traffic all day
D. those who had won tickets to the picnic didn’t eat breakfast
67. What would be the best title for the passage?
A. Welcome to Sydney
B. October — Sydney’s art festival
C. Thousands eat breakfast on Sydney Harbour bridge
D. What is the feature of Sydney?

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Spring is just around the corner and it’s a time to get outside and enjoy the great outdoors. Here is a selection of festivals around the country that are a great excuse to travel and get back in the spring sunshine.
Dana Point Festival of the Whales
Dana Point, California
March 7 to 8 and 14 to 15, 2010
Each year, over two sunny weekends in March the town of Dana Point, California celebrates the return of migratory California gray whales to this part of the Pacific Ocean. Festivities include whale-watching, an arts festival and educational hands-on activities for the entire family. Prices start at $29 per adult and $19 for children. For more information, visit:
www.dpfestivalofwhales.com
Chandler Ostrich Festival
Chandler, Arizona
March 13 to 15, 2010
Chandler is the center of ostrich ranching (鸵鸟经营) in the USA. You can see jockeys ride these feathered beasts around the ostrich track at Tumbleweed Park. General admission is $9 for adults, $8 for seniors, $7 for children aged 5 to 12 and kids 4 and under are free. For more information, visit:
www.ostrichfestival.com
Festival of Houses and Gardens
Charleston, South Carolina
March 19 to April 18, 2010
The Historic Charleston Foundation gives curious travelers the opportunity to explore gardens of some of the finest private residences in America. Each 3-hour tour (afternoons from 2 to 5 pm and evenings from 6 to 9 pm) lets you visit 8 to 10 properties dating from the American colonial period. Prices range from $25 to $45. For more information, visit:
www.historiccharleston.org
Tulip Time Festival
Holland, Michigan
May 1 to 9, 2010
You don’t need to travel to the Netherlands this spring to see and smell some of the world’s finest tulips (郁金香). The annual Tulip Time Festival, one of the largest flower festivals in the country, will kick off with fireworks on May 1. Admission fee ranges from $6 for the children’s area to $38 for theatre tickets. Tickets and more information are available at:
www.tuliptime.com
60. A couple with their 4-year-old son will go whale-watching. They have to pay _____.
A. $58                         B. $38                        C. $48                   D. $77
61. The underlined word “jockeys” in the passage is closest in meaning to _____.
A. judges                     B. children                   C. riders                      D. beginners
62. A group of travelers who want to have fun in mid-April will go to _____.
A. Festival of Houses and Gardens                     B. Chandler Ostrich Festival
C. Dana Point Festival of the Whales                  D. Tulip Time Festival
63. Which of the following is TRUE of Tulip Time Festival?
A. It is held in a town in the Netherlands.
B. It will start with fireworks on the first day.
C. It is the largest flower festival in the world.
D. Admission is free for children.

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第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
第一节：阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
Once a neighbour stole one of Washington’s horses. Washington went with a police officer to the neighbour’s farm to get the horse, but the neighbour refused to give the horse up; he claimed (声称) that it was his horse.
Washington placed both of his hands over the eyes of the horse and said to the neighbour, “If this is your horse, then you must tell us in which eyes he is blind.”
“In the right eye,” the neighbour said.
Washington took his hand from the right eye of the horse and showed the police officer that the horse was not blind in the right eye.
“Oh, I have made a mistake,” said the neighbor. “He is blind in the left eye.”
Washington then showed that the horse was not blind in the left eye, either.
“I have made another mistake,” said the neighbor.
“Yes,” said the police officer, “and you have also proved that the horse does not belong to you. You must return it to Mr. Washington.”
56. Why did Mr. Washington go to the neighbor’s farm with a police officer?
A. Because the neighbor was the police officer’s friend.
B. Because he wanted to make the neighbor return the horse.
C. Because the police officer was Washington’s friend.
D. Because they were invited to the neighbor’s farm.
57. When Washington and the police officer reached the neighbor’s farm, the neighbor _____.
A. immediately admitted that he had stolen the horse
B. received them warmly
C. said he had lost a horse, too
D. didn’t want to give the horse back to Washington
58. When Washington asked the neighbor to tell them in which eye the horse was blind, the neighbor _____.
A. didn’t say anything B. knew the horse wasn’t blind at all
C. thought the horse was really blind D. said he had stolen the horse
59. From the passage, we know _____.
A. Washington was a wise man
B. Washington’s neighbor was cleverer than Washington
C. the police officer was the cleverest of the three
D. all the three men were not very clever

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