Just two years before her 100th birthday, Sensei Keiko Fukuda has become the first woman to achieve a tenth-degree black belt --- the highest rank in the martial art and combat sport judo(柔道). Fukuda is now one of only four living people who’ve earned the tenth-degree (or dan) black belt. Throughout history, only sixteen people have ever achieved this honor.
Fukuda began practicing judo in 1935 and is the only surviving student of its founder, Kano Jiguro. Urged by her teacher, she learned English to help spread judo internationally.
During a time when getting married, building a family, and becoming a housewife was the standard, Fukuda went against tradition, opting out of marriage to pursue the martial art.
“All I did was judo ... this was my marriage,” Fukuda reflected tearfully to the San Francisco Chronicle. “This is when my life destiny was set. I just never imagined how long this road would be.”
She described the Jiguro’s school, known as the Kodokan, as “old-fashioned and sexist(性别歧视的) about belts and ranks”. In fact, an order that prevented women from achieving any higher than a fifth-degree black belt kept Fukuda at that level for thirty years. She was finally promoted to sixth dan in 1972 when a woman’s division was created.
Fukuda said she approached judo and her life with the intention to “be gentle, kind and beautiful, yet firm and strong, both mentally and physically”. Fukuda said this kind of beauty is decidedly not external (外部的). “ A kind soul is inner beauty,” she explained to the paper. “I believe this is true beauty … All my life this has been my dream.”
Dream realized, the 98-year-old Sensei Keiko Fukuda continues to teach judo three times a week at a woman’s judo.It can be learned from the passage that ____________.
| A．Fukuda achieved the tenth-degree black belt at 97. |
| B．four people earned the tenth-degree black belt in history. |
| C．nearly all of Kano Jiguro’s students were dead. |
| D．the Kodokan was founded in 1935. |
The underlined part “opting out of” in the 3rd paragraph is closest in meaning to _________.
| A．choosing or welcoming | B．longing for or desiring |
| C．keeping out of or avoiding | D．missing or having no chance of |
Why did Fukuda remain at fifth-degree black belt for so long a time?
| A．It was hard for her to improve her level. |
| B．She suffered from a foolish rule. |
| C．Her family life took up too much of her time. |
| D．She didn’t want to improve her level. |
Which of the following is the main idea of the passage?
| A．The only surviving student of Kano Jiguro remains single. |
| B．The tenth-degree black belt is the highest rank in judo. |
| C．Sensei Keiko Fukuda spreads judo throughout the world. |
| D．98-year-old woman becomes the first woman ever to earn judo’s highest-degree black belt. |
At a primary school in a small town in the east of South Carolina, second-grade teachers Garneau and Lynne are convinced that separating elementary-age boys and girls produces immediate academic improvement in both genders(性别).
David Chadwell, South Carolina’s coordinator of single gender education says, “Boys and girls learn, hear and respond to their surroundings differently. We can teach boys and girls based on what we now know.”
Male and female eyes are not organized in the same way, he explains. The composition of the male eye makes it sensitive to motion and direction. “Boys interpret the world as objects moving through space,” he says.
The male eye is also drawn to cooler colors like silver and black. It’s no accident boys tend to create pictures of moving objects instead of drawing the happy colorful family, like girls do in their class.
The female eye, on the other hand, is drawn to warmer colors like red, yellow and orange. To attract girls, Chadwell says, the teacher doesn’t need to move as much as in boy’s class. Using descriptive phrases and lots of colors in presentations or on the blackboard gets their attention.
Boys and girls also hear differently. “When someone speaks in a loud tone, girls interpret it as yelling,” Chadwell says. “They think you’re mad and can shut down.” Girls are more sensitive to sounds. He advises girls’ teachers to watch the tone of their voices. Boys’ teachers should sound more forceful, even excited.
A boy’s nervous system causes him to be more cautious when he is standing, moving, and the room temperature is around 69 degrees Fahrenheit. Stress in boys, he says, tends to increase blood flow to their brains, a process that helps them stay focused. Girls are more focused when seated in a warmer room around 75 degrees Fahrenheit. Girls also respond to stress differently. When exposed to threat and conflict, blood goes to their guts(肠道), leaving them feeling nervous or anxious.
These differences can be applied in the classroom, Chadwell adds. “Single gender programs are about maximizing the learning.” What is David Chadwell’s attitude toward separating elementary-age boys and girls while learning?
| A．Supportive | B．Worried | C．Concerned | D．Uninterested |
To engage boy in a class, the teacher ______.
| A．must have a moving object in this hand | B．needs to wear clothes in warm color |
| C．has to speak politely | D．had better move constantly while teaching |
Which of the following shows the organization of the passage?
(=" Paragraph" 1 =" Paragraph" 2 =" Paragraph" 3 ….. =" Paragraph" 8)
A．  |
B．  |
C．  |
D．  |
Which of the following is the best title of the passage?
| A．Ways of teaching boys and ways of teaching girls |
| B．Boys and girls should be separated |
| C．How boys and girls learn differently |
| D．How to teach more effectively |
Which of the following students is most likely to be focused?
| A．A boy sitting in a warm room | B．A standing boy who is faced with stress |
| C．A girl standing in a cold room | D．A girl who is facing a lot of pressure |
Many people influenced various aspects of my life, based on their personal characteristics, accomplishments, and values. I have been fortunate to have had numerous teachers and professors who I respect for their patience and intelligence. There are artists that have inspired me by their natural talents and original creativity. I value many political leaders, who have inspired me by their contributions to society, and their ability to change our futures. But of all the people I have known in my life, the person I admire most is my father.
As the youngest girl in my family, I always considered myself to be “Daddy’s little girl”. While I grew up, it always made me sad to see so many of my friends and neighbors without a father or father-like figure around. This helped me appreciate how my father always takes an interest in his children’s lives. In every aspect of my life my father continuously pushes me to excel, so I could accomplish my work outstandingly among my people. Whenever I feel like giving up, or have a question or a concern, I know I can always call on him for advice. From him I have also learned that sometimes you have to put others’ needs ahead of your own, but you should make sure you are not taken advantage of by others. His strength seems to be unbreakable during hard times, and he is extremely determined to accomplish anything he sets his mind on, no matter how tiny it is. I highly respect him for how he stands up for what he believes in, and will never back down. I have always admired his open mind, compassion(同情) for people, and sense of understanding. He is a very reserved man, but to everybody’s surprise, he has a great sense of humor, and always knows how to put a smile on the faces of his wife, his children and his friends.
Living in his affection and instruction, I am very proud of my father. He also professes(声称) how proud he is of his children, and is still there to support us in whatever we are involved in. What is the best title for the passage?
| A．How my father loved me | B．My father—the person I admire most |
| C．I am the apple on my father’s palm | D．My father—the one who influenced me most |
Which of the following could not be used to describe the author’s father?
| A．Considerate and humorous | B．Affectionate and open-minded |
| C．Knowledgeable and sociable | D．Energetic and helpful |
Which of the following can best explain the underlined word “excel”?
| A．Do better than others. | B．Show off. |
| C．Be cleverer than others. | D．Keep healthy |
According to the underlined part, the father was telling the author to ____.
| A．try to be good to those who were worth making friends with |
| B．try to take advantage of those who were friendly to her |
| C．think about others and help them, so that she could make them server her |
| D．think about others and help them, but not to be made use of in a negative way |
What can we infer about the author?
| A．She appreciated her father because he solved all the problems for her. |
| B．She considered her father humorous and was often made to laugh by him. |
| C．She had sympathy for the fatherless. |
| D．She was outstanding in work because her father pushed her hard. |
It’s a goal for millions and millions of families every year——keep the Christmas spending within a certain amount, but can still afford the gifts that your loved ones will enjoy. Never has this concern been greater in recent years than right now. Even so, there are several things that you can do to help.
Hit the sales.
No one wants to get up at four o’clock in the morning and fight to get the best deal on Black Friday, and it’s surely very tough to pick up the courage and get out there in the cold for a good deal, but sometimes——it can be well worth. Many retailers(零售商) offer specials all through the day——and some even offer online Black Friday specials, so you may still be able to get a great deal on Black Friday.
Pay close attention to advertisements.
Once the Christmas shopping season is coming, retailers hungry for business will do just about whatever to get you in the store. Pay very close attention to weekly advertisements of sales among the major retailers and you may be lucky enough to find different prices for the same thing in different shops.
Shop online.
Some of us don’t like running from store to store in order to get the best price on the perfect gift, and some of us don’t like to go out in the cold at all——thankfully for us, we can do online shopping.
The world of online shopping lets people visit all the major retailers as well as some specialty stores that could only be found on the Internet. Customers can find exactly what they are looking for, at the best possible price without ever having to leave the house. With traditional Christmas shopping consumers are sometimes limited to what’s left in stock if they wait too long to get to a particular store. The first paragraph implies that ______.
| A．nowadays not many people can afford expensive gifts |
| B．recently many people don’t want to spend money on gifts |
| C．Christmas is a time to make our loved ones enjoy their gifts |
| D．Christmas is a time to make us feel free to buy our loved ones gifts |
In the writer’s opinion, it is rewarding on Black Friday _____.
| A．if the weather is not very cold | B．if we don’t have to fight for the best deals |
| C．if we don’t have to get up early | D．If we get what we want at a good price |
The underlined word “specials” means_______.
| A．some experts in shopping | B．certain things for especially low price |
| C．some kind of help for a certain customer | D．things that can only be found on Friday |
We can have more choices _____.
| A．on Black Friday | B．in a particular store |
| C．on the Internet | D．from retailers |
In this passage the writer means ______.
| A．to tell us the best way to do shopping |
| B．to attract more readers to do wise shopping |
| C．to show us how hard it is to do Christmas shopping |
| D．to give us advice on how to get a good deal at Christmas time |
Suppose you want to buy some new clothes or a new TV. Or maybe you need some work done on your car. How can you find the best price without shopping all over town？ Ads can help you. Ads can show you lots of prices. And you don’t have to go anywhere to see them. Just open a newspaper or magazine， and you’ll find plenty of ads.
The following is an ad about TV sets for sale. Please read it and answer the questions below.How many different kinds of TV sets does the store advertise here？
| A．Two. | B．Three. | C．Four. | D．Five. |
Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the advertisement？
| A．You can buy any kind on July 14th. |
| B．The service time is 9-9 every day except Monday. |
| C．The larger the screen is， the higher the price will be. |
| D．The lowest price is a little more than 300. |
Which is NOT mentioned in the ad？
| A．The date of the American National Day. |
| B．The postcode of the area where the store is. |
| C．The phone number of the store. |
| D．The names of the TV sets. |
One of Britain’s bravest women told yesterday how she helped to catch suspected (可疑的) police killer David Bieber -- and was thanked with flowers by the police. It was also said that she could be in line for a share of up to ￡30,000 reward money.
Vicki Brown, 30, played a very important role in ending the nationwide manhunt. Vicki, who has worked at the Royal Hotel for four years, told of her terrible experience when she had to steal into Bieber’s bedroom and to watch him secretly. Then she waited alone for three hours while armed police prepared to storm the building.
She said: “I was very nervous. But when I opened the hotel door and saw 20 armed policemen lined up in the car park I was so glad they were there.”
The alarm had been raised because Vicki became suspicious (怀疑) of the guest who checked in at 3 pm the day before New Year’s Eve with little luggage and wearing sunglasses and a hat pulled down over his face. She said: “He didn’t seem to want to talk too much and make any eye contact (接触).” Vicki, the only employee on duty, called her bosses Margaret, 64, and husband Stall McKale, 65, who phoned the police at 11 pm.
Officers from Northumbria Police called Vieki at the hotel in Dunston, Gatesheed, at about 11:30 pm to make sure that this was the wanted man. Then they kept in touch by phoning Vicki every 15 minutes.
“It was about ten past two in the morning when the phone went again and a policeman said ‘Would you go and make yourself known to tile armed officers outside?’. My heart missed a beat.”
Vicki quietly showed eight armed officers through passages and staircases to the top floor room and handed over the key.
“I realized that my bedroom window overlooks that pair of the hotel, so I went to watch. I could not see into the man’s room, but I could see the passage. The police kept shouting at the man to come out with his hands showing. Then suddenly he must have come out because they shouted for him to lie down while he was handcuffed (带手铐)。 The underlined phrase “be in line for” (paragraph 1) means __
| A．get | B．be paid | C．ask for | D．own |
Vicki became suspicious of David Bieber because __________.
| A．the police called her |
| B．he looked very strange |
| C．he came to the hotel with little luggage |
| D．he came to the hotel the day before New Year’s Eve |
Vicki’s heart missed a beat because _________.
| A．the phone went again | B．she would be famous |
| C．the policemen had already arrived | D．she saw 20 policemen in the car park |
David Bigber was most probably handcuffed in ________.
| A．the passage | B．the man’s room |
| C．Vicki’s bedroom | D．the top floor room |
The whole event probably lasted about _______ hours from the moment Bieber came to the hotel to the arrival of some armed officers.
| A．6 | B．8 | C．11 | D．14 |
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