Almosteverymachinewithmovingpa

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更新 2022-09-03
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题型阅读理解
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Almost every machine with moving parts has wheels, yet no one knows exactly when the first wheel was invented or what it was used for. We do know, however, that they existed over 5,500 years ago in ancient Asia.
The oldest known transport wheel was discovered in Slovenia. It is over 5,100 years old. Evidence suggests that wheels for transport didn’t become popular for a while, though. This could be because animals did a perfectly good job of carrying farming tools and humans around. But it could also be because of a difficult situation. While wheels need to roll on smooth surfaces, roads with smooth surfaces weren’t going to be constructed until there was plenty of demand for them. Eventually, road surfaces did become smoother, but this difficult situation appeared again a few centuries later. There had been no important changes in wheel and vehicle design before the arrival of modern road design.
In the mid-1700s, a Frenchman came up with a new design of road — a base layer (层) of large stones covered with a thin layer of smaller stones. A Scotsman improved on this design in the 1820s and a strong, lasting road surface became a reality. At around the same time, metal hubs (the central part of a wheel) came into being, followed by the pneumatic type (充气轮胎） in 1846.Alloy wheels were invented in 1967, sixty years after the appearance of tarmacked roads (柏油路). As wheel design took off, vehicles got faster and faster.
What might explain why transport wheels didn’t become popular for some time?

A．Few knew how to use transport wheels.

B．Humans carried farming tools just as well.

C．Animals were a good means of transport.

D．The existence of transport wheels was not known.

What do we know about road design from the passage?

A．It was easier than wheel design.

B．It improved after big changes in vehicle design.

C．It was promoted by fast-moving vehicles.

D．It provided conditions for wheel design to develop.

How is the last paragraph mainly developed?

A．By giving examples.	B．By making comparisons.
C．By following time order.	D．By making classifications.

What is the passage mainly about?

A．The beginning of road design.

B．The development of transport wheels.

C．The history of public transport

D．The invention of fast-moving vehicles.

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第三部分:阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2分, 满分40分)
阅读下列短文, 从每篇短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中, 选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Mom is usually home on Sunday but this week she was going to a big golf game and I was all alone in the house. I was mad at Mom for divorcing Dad.
I kept looking at the telephone until I couldn’t stand it any longer. I picked up the receiver and dialed Dad’s number over in Bakersfield. I even remembered to dial him first because it was long distance. “You promised to phone me this week but you didn’t,” I said, feeling I had to talk to him.
“Take it easy, kid,” he said. “I just didn’t get around to it. I was going to call this evening. The week isn’t over yet. ”
I thought about that.
“Something on your mind?” he asked.
“I hoped you would call, so I waited and waited. ” Then I was sorry I said it.
“There was heavy snow in the morning,” he said, “I had to chain up on highway 80 and lost time. ”
I know putting chains on eight big wheels in the snow is no fun. I felt a little better, as long as we were talking. “How is Bandit?” I asked.
There was a funny silence. For a minute I thought the line was dead. Then I knew something must have happened to my dog.
“Well, kid—”, he began. “My name is Leigh!” I almost yelled. “I’m not just some kid you met on the street!”
“Keep your shirt on, Leigh,” he said. “When I had to stop along with some other truckers to put on chains, I left Bandit out of the cab, I thought he would get back … I have sent out a call to CB radio, but I didn’t get an answer yet. ” I was about to say I understood when there came the bad part, the really bad part. I heard a boy’s voice say, “Hey, Bill, Mom wants to know when we’re going out to get the pizza?”，
51. From the story we know that ______.
A. Leigh’s dad never had a rest on Sundays
B. Leigh was a deserted boy
C. Leigh’s dad lived in another city
D. Leigh’s mother often went to golf fames
52. What happened to Bandit?
A. It was frozen to death.
B. It was let out of the cab and got lost
C. It was killed by a truck.
D. It ran off Highway 80 and into the mountain.
53. The underlined sentence “Keep your shirt on” probably means “ ______ ”.
A. Listen to reason                      B. Stop talking
C. Calm down                             D. Keep warm
54. The worst part in Leigh’s eyes may be that            .
A. his dad got remarried                        B. his parents got divorced
C. his dad didn’t love him                   D. his mom didn’t take him to pizza

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第二节：信息匹配（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
下面是一篇应用文及其应用场合的信息，请阅读下列应用文和相关信息，
并按照要求匹配信息。
首先，请阅读下列杂志的信息：

A．DETECTIVES ABROAD
Read about the lives of real detectives. This monthly magazine brings you up-to-date true stories about real life of detectives as they chase criminals across continents. Find out how some of the most dangerous criminals in the world are caught by some of world's finest detectives. Follow their routes on the free map which comes with every issue.

B．WORLD TRAVEL
This weekly magazine can bring the world to your home. Have you ever wondered what the Chinese eat for breakfast? Did you know that the Sahara Desert is getting bigger every year? This fascinating magazine, full of colour photographs, is your window on the world.

C．ONLY 16
Every week well-known writers bring you the latest teenage love stories. Each magazine carries three full-length stories as well as cartoons and colour pictures of your favorite film stars.

D．EUROPE NEWS

The weekly magazine keeps you in touch with what's happening. Filled with facts and figures about almost everything you can think of, plus articles by our regular writers on the week's most interesting news stories. Special back page sums up the news for the busy readers.
E. OLD SCHOOLHOUSE
The magazine is approximately 200 pages, full color, and packed with support and fun! Columns: Creation Answers with AiG’s Ken Ham, Resource Room for special needs home schooling with Christine Field, Diana Waring’s History column, our Finishing the Race (High School) department, and Show and Tell – where readers share their own detailed methods and curriculum choices.
F. CRIME AND CRIMINALS
These exciting short stories are written by well-known crime writers. Every magazine brings you the best in criminal thrillers; stories are so good that you won't be able to put the magazine down. And every month we leave one crime unanswered so that you, that reader, can play detective.
　　请阅读以下读者的信息，然后匹配读者和适合他/她的杂志：
56.          Emi is a university student studying Italian and Polities. She doesn't have much time to read anything very detailed but she is looking for something with plenty of news and information.
57.          Carrie is sixteen years old and loves spending time listening to pop music and lying on her bed reading. She is always interested in finding out more about some of the stars in the world of pop and fashion.
58.          Bill travels a lot when he was younger. Now that he has stopped his work, he enjoys reading about foreign people, places and customs even if he has already visited that part of the world.
59.          Leroy used to be a detective. He still takes an active interest in the work of the police, but these days he enjoys reading fictions after years spent chasing real criminals.
60.          Brigitte has a five-year-old daughter and after several talks with her husband, she is considering to educate their daughter at home. She would like a magazine to learn about this new trend.

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C
People do not analyze every problem they meet. Sometimes they try to remember a solution from the last time they had a similar problem. They often accept the opinions or ideas of other people. Other times they begin to act without thinking. They try to find a solution by trial and error. However, when all these methods fail, the person with a problem has to start analyzing. There are six stages in analyzing a problem.
First the person must recognize that there is a problem. For example, Sam’s bicycle is broken, and he cannot read it to class as he usually does. Sam must see that there is a problem with his bicycle.
Next the thinker must define the problem. Before Sam can repair his bicycle, he must find out the reason why it does not work. For instance, he must determine if the problem is with the gears, the brakes, or the frame. He must make his problem more specific.
Now the person must look for information that will make the problem clearer and lead to possible solutions. For instance, suppose Sam decided that his bike does not work because there is something wrong with the gear wheels. At this time, he can look in his bicycle repair book and read about gears. He can talk to his friends at the bike shop. He can look at his gears carefully.
After studying the problem, the person should have several suggestions for a possible solution. Take Sam as an illustration. His suggestions might be: put oil on the gear wheels; buy new gear wheels and replace the old ones; tighten or loosen the gear wheels.
Eventually one suggestion seems to be the solution to the problem. Sometimes the final idea comes very suddenly because the thinker suddenly sees something new or sees something in a new way. Sam, for example, suddenly sees that there is a piece of chewing gum between the gear wheels. He immediately realizes the solution to his problem: he must clean the gear wheels.
Finally the solution is tested. Sam cleans the gear wheels and finds that afterwards his bicycle works perfectly. In short , he has solved the problem.
51. What is the best title for this passage?
A. Six Stages for Repairing Sam’s Bicycle
B. Possible Ways to Problem-solving
C. Necessities of Problem Analysis
D. Suggestions for Analyzing a Problem
52. In analyzing a problem we should do all the following except .
A. recognize and define the problem
B. look for information to make the problem clearer
C. have suggestions for a possible solution
D. find a solution by trial or mistake
53. By referring to Sam’s broken bicycle, the author intends to _________.
A. illustrate the ways to repair his bicycle
B. discuss the problems of his bicycle
C. tell us how to solve a problem
D. show us how to analyze a problem
54. Which of the following is NOT true?
A. People do not analyze the problem they meet.
B. People often accept the opinions or ideas of other people.
C. People may learn from their past experience.
D. People can not solve some problems they meet.
55. As used in the last sentence, the phrase “in short” means _________.
A. in the long run B. in detail C. in a word D. in the end

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B
The 2008 Beijing Olympic Games are drawing near. Are you eager to enjoy watching the matches or start serving as a volunteer? First, you need to know about audience manners.
The behavior of courtside audiences is considered to be an important part of sporting culture. In 2004, after world champion Stephen Hendry lost to Ding Junhui in the China Open Snooker Championships, he complained of the noise from Chinese spectators. Perhaps you and your classmates could be written on the back of the tickets. Read your ticket carefully before you leave, remember to take away your soft drink bottles and other trash(垃圾).
During exciting games, try to control yourself. Don’t criticize the performance of players and coaches. Be careful with your words, since some may cause anger among other people in the audience.
Applause is a special form of body language you can use to communicate with players. But you should do it properly. When players first appear, clap your hands together to welcome them, but don’t go on for too long. After an excellent performance, applaud warmly. If someone fails, your applause will help encourage them.
Applause is not welcome, however, while a game is in progress and players need to keep their concentration. Various sports have various rules for the audience.
Enjoying artistic gymnastics requires silence. But lots of cheering can really help basketball and football players. Snooker and table tennis courtside behavior includes a ban on flash photography. Mobile phones are not allowed in shooting centers.
To be a good spectator, you should take time to learn the game-specific rules and related culture of each event.
46．What does the underlined work “spectators” mean in the second paragraph?
A．Players     B．Audiences C．Coaches    D．Organizers
47．When can’t you leave the spot of a game?
A．When the game is going on    B．When the game is just over
C．Before the game begins   D．When the game is long over
48．What should you do during an exciting football game?
A．Control yourself      B．Keep quiet
C．Praise the players     D．Cheer the players
49．When can’t you clap your hands?
A．When players first appear
B．When an excellent performance is over
C．When someone fails
D．When a player is finishing a very difficult performance
50．What is the best title of this text ?
A．How to be a good audience of Beijing Olympic Games
B．How to support players at Beijing Olympic Games
C．How to control yourself at Beijing Olympic Games
D．How to enjoy the games at Beijing Olympic Games

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第三部分：阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节：阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
The house was quiet at 5 a.m. and Tim’s mother was asleep. Only the sound of the big freezer broke the quiet. He’d dreamt of the cave last night? The purring (轻微颤动声) of the freezer had been the sea .
Tim pulled on a sweater and put some apples into his schoolbag. It was too early for breakfast. He’d eat after he’d been through the cave, sitting on the rocks and staring at the sea．
He wished he had a proper pack. His schoolbag would have to do. What else? Sandwiches — but his mother might wake up if he started pulling out bread for sandwiches, she’d want to know why he had to leave so early. He settled for some biscuits, and left a note stuck to the table: Gone to Michael’s Back tonight . Tim .
The sky was high and soft and light outside, though the sun still wasn’t up. Even the highway up the hill was quiet as he made his way down the street. The wind from the sea was fresh and sweet.
The sand hills still breathed heat from yesterday’s sun, though the top of the sand was cool. He ran down to the beach impatiently, but there was no one, just dry sand dancing in the early wind and seabirds marching up and down watching the waves.
The light changed suddenly. The first rays of sunlight stretched (延伸) across the sea . The sun was pushing its way over the edge of the world．
Over the first rocks, along to the point. Tim glanced back. The beach was still empty. The sun sailed higher in the sky.
He could see the cave now, even darker in the morning light. The sand turned silver then dark gold as the water flowed away from it. He had to force himself to go closer. Why was it so much more mysterious now? But it would be silly to go back now after so much trouble. He needn’t go in all the way …
41．What did Tim do at the beginning of the story?
A．He left the house quietly.     B．He had breakfast at home.
C．He left a note on the freezer.   D．He put a sweater in his schoolbag.
42．“He settled for some biscuits ” (in Paragraph 3) means that Tim           .
A．had to leave the biscuits on the table .
B．liked biscuits better than sandwiches
C．had to take biscuits instead of sandwiches
D．could only find some biscuits in the kitchen
43．What made it possible for Tim to see the entry to the cave?
A．The height of the first rocks.
B．The ups and downs of the waves.
C．The change in the position of the sun.
D．The vast stretch of the sunlit beach.
44．Whish of the following statements is TRUE according to the story?
A．The sea looked like a piece of gold．
B．Seabirds flew away when Tim arrived．
C．Tim was the only person on the beach.
D．The sky got dark as Tim reached the cave.
45．In the story , Tim’s mood changed from        .
A．loneliness to craziness         B．anxiousness to excitement
C．helplessness to happiness        D．eagerness to nervousness

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